福建省龍巖市2023-2024學(xué)年高中畢業(yè)班三月質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷

龍巖市2024年高中畢業(yè)班三月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題(滿分：150分考試時間：120分鐘)注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whoistheman?A.Alibrarian.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.2.WhatisCarldoing?A.Doinghomework.B.Watchingtelevision.C.Playinggames.3.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopay?A.$40.B.$80.C.$120.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Attheairport.C.Inabagshop.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattodoontheweekend.B.Whentogotothebeach.C.Howtodealwithstress.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Ataxidriver.B.Ahotelclerk.C.Awaiter.7.Whenwillthewomanprobablygettoherdestination?A.At3:10p.m.B.At3:40p.m.C.At4:00p.m.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Tomakeaplaint.B.Toorderthedishes.C.Tofindhisreceipt.9.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Annoyed.B.Worried.C.Satisfied.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whereisthemanrightnow?A.Inahospital.B.Athome.C.Ontheroad.11.Howdidtheman’ssongethurt?A.Hefelloffaladder.B.Hewasknockeddownbyacar.C.Hefelldowninthelongjump.12.Whichpartoftheman’sson’sbodywasinjured?A.Arm.B.Head.C.Foot.13.Whatshouldthemandonextaccordingtothewoman?A.Lifthissonontothebed.B.Puticeonthewound.C.SendhissonforanXray.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagiftshop.B.Inashoeshop.C.Inaclothingshop.15.Whatcolorwrappingpaperdoesthewomanprefer?A.Green.B.Pink.C.Red.16.Whydoesthewomanbuythesethings?A.ForMother’sDay.B.Forhermother’sbirthday.C.Forhersister’sgraduationparty.17.Howmuchcashwillthewomanpay?A.￡37.B.￡35.50.C.￡28.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?A.Shewascrazyaboutthemobilephone.B.Shefailedtoattractherfather’sattention.C.Sheturnedsilentafterglancingatthespeaker.19.What’sthespeaker’sattitudetowardsomeparents’behaviors?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.20.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablyexpectparentstodo?A.Helpchildrenbreakthehabitofplayingmobilegames.B.Spendlessmoneyonbrandnamemobilephones.C.Usenewtechnologylikesmartphonesproperly.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIntoday’scostoflivingcrisis,thedemandoncharitiesisgreaterthanever.Hereareadozeninnovativewayspeoplearoundtheworldaregivingback.muApp,FinlandHowdopeoplewantingtovolunteerconnectwithgroupsneedinghelp?In2021inFinland,three20somethingentrepreneursfoundedmu,anappthatmakesiteasyforindividualstoofferhelptothoseinneedortoaskforhelpintheirmunities.ItworksinFinnish,English,Ukrainian,GermanandNorwegianandfeaturesaspecialareaontheappthatfocusesontheneedsofUkrainianrefugees(難民)inFinland.FrigosSolidaires,FranceImagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.SolidarityFridgeswasstartedwiththataimbyDouniaMebtoul,ayoungrestaurateurinParis.Now,130fridgesinstalledinfrontofplacessuchasshopsandschoolsofferfreefoodtothehungryacrossFrance.DonationDollar,AustraliaMotivatingpeopletodonateistheobjectiveofauniqueonedollarcoincreatedbytheRoyalAustralianMint(RAM).Featuringagreencentrewithagoldrippledesign,thecoinremindspeoplewhofinditintheirchangetodonateittocharity.Itestimatesthatbytheendoflastyear,about$2millionhadbeendonatedtocharitiesandpeopleorbusinessesinneed.StuffABus,CanadaInEdmonton,thetransitserviceparksvehiclesinfrontofsupermarketsforitsannual“StuffaBus”campaigneachNovember.Volunteerscollectfoodandcashdonationsfromshopperstofillbusesheadingforfoodbanks.Since1995,thecampaignhascollected553,000kilogramsoffoodandroughlyhalfamilliondollarsforthoseinneed.1.What’smuAppaimedat?A.Inspiringmorepeopletodonate. B.Settingcharitiesforindustrialists.CLearningabouttheneedsofrefugees. D.Linkingvolunteerswiththoseinneed.2.WhatistheinitiativeofFrigosSolidaires?A.Wastingnofoodinrestaurants. B.Providingsufficientfoodforlocals.C.Thehungrygettingfoodwithdignity. D.ShopsinstallingmorefridgesinFrance.3.WhatisDonationDollar’swaytohelpthoseinneed?A.Establishinganapp. B.Launchinganannualcampaign.C.Gettingcoinscollectedforcharities. D.UrgingRAMtodesignauniquecoin.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了世界各地的人們回饋社會的一些創(chuàng)新方式?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)muApp,Finland中“Howdopeoplewantingtovolunteerconnectwithgroupsneedinghelp?In2021inFinland,three20somethingentrepreneursfoundedmu,anappthatmakesiteasyforindividualstoofferhelptothoseinneedortoaskforhelpintheirmunities.(想做志愿者的人如何與需要幫助的團體聯(lián)系？2021年，在芬蘭，三位20多歲的企業(yè)家創(chuàng)建了mu，這是一款讓個人更容易向有需要的人提供幫助或在社區(qū)中尋求幫助的應(yīng)用程序)”可知，這款程序旨在將志愿者與有需要的人聯(lián)系起來。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FrigosSolidaires,France中“Imagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.SolidarityFridgeswasstartedwiththataimbyDouniaMebtoul,ayoungrestaurateurinParis.(想象一下，如果那些需要幫助的人可以匿名且有尊嚴地幫助自己獲得食物。SolidarityFridges就是由巴黎年輕的餐館老板DouniaMebtoul帶著這個目標創(chuàng)立的)”可知，它的宗旨是讓饑餓的人有尊嚴地得到食物。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DonationDollar,Australia中“Featuringagreencentrewithagoldrippledesign,thecoinremindspeoplewhofinditintheirchangetodonateittocharity.(這枚硬幣以綠色中心和金色波紋設(shè)計為特色，提醒在零錢中找到它的人將其捐給慈善機構(gòu))”可知，它通過為慈善機構(gòu)收集人們捐出的硬幣來幫助有需要的人。故選C項。BAstheclocksstrikemidnightonebyoneonNewYear’sEve,onesongwillringoutmorethananyotherfromtheworld’scrowds—“AuldLangSyne”,theScotslanguageode(頌歌)tofriendshipandgoodtimespast,whichwasfirstsettopaperbytheScottishpoetRobertBurns,thoughheclaimedhewasnotitsoriginalauthor,onlyadocumentarianofonepartofanoldoralfolktradition.AccordingtohistorianDr.MoragGrant,theconceptof“auldlangsyne”wasonceaJacobitetradition.Burns’versionquicklybecamepopularinScotlandafteritwaspublishedin1799,andthankstothatScottishdiaspora—whichcarrieditsfolktraditionstoplacesliketheStates,CanadaandNewZealand—snatches(音樂片段)of“AuldLangSyne”areproductivethroughouthistory.Itwasin19thcenturyEnglandthattheNewYear’sEvetraditionemerged.AtStPaul’sinLondon,Scottswhowentabroadwouldgathertogetherandbeltoutthewordsto“AuldLangSyne”.“TomissitintheeyesofsomeScotswouldamounttolittlelessthanacrime,”theEdinburghEveningCourantwroteatthetime.Anincreasinglyconnectedworldhelpedtopromotethesong’sspread.Theinventorofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBell,sangitdownthemouthpiecetodemonstratethenewtelemunicationsequipment.Later,anotherscientistcalledEmileBerlinerchoseitasoneofthefirstsongstoberecordedonthegramophone.In1929,thebandleaderGuyLombardobeganthetraditionofplaying“AuldLangSyne”fromTimesSquare,firstonradioandthenontelevision.Fromitsfolkloricbeginnings,“AuldLangSyne”hastravelledfar,shapeshiftingandacquiringnewmeaningasitpassesbetweenpeopleandcultures.Today,itsymbolisesfriendshipandfondmemoryformunitiesacrosstheglobe,anditbeesthesecondmostsungsongintheEnglishlanguage,beatenonlyby“HappyBirthday”.It’squiteasuccessforapoemwritteninaScottishminoritylanguage.4.Whatmightbetheoriginofthesong?A.AJacobiteconcept. B.OralScottfolkmusic.C.ApoembyRobertBurns. D.WorksofDr.MoragGrant.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diaspora”inParagraph2mean?AFolktradition. B.Famouspoets. C.Settlingabroad. D.Singingfever.6.Whatspedupthesongspread?A.TheScotts’livingstyle. B.Theexcellentperformanceofaband.C.Worldconnectionvianewinventions. D.NewYear’sEvetraditioninEngland.7.Whatdoesthesongmainlyconveytopeople?A.Thecharmoffriendshipandmemory. B.TheimportanceofScottishculture.C.ThebeautyofScottishlanguage. D.Theimpactoffolktradition.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《友誼地久天長》流傳甚廣。這首歌起源于口頭的蘇格蘭民間音樂。蘇格蘭人定居到世界各地，從而把這首歌帶往各個國家。后來新發(fā)明加速了歌曲的傳播?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“AstheclocksstrikemidnightonebyoneonNewYear’sEve,onesongwillringoutmorethananyotherfromtheworld’scrowds—“AuldLangSyne”,theScotslanguageode(頌歌)tofriendshipandgoodtimespast,whichwasfirstsettopaperbytheScottishpoetRobertBurns,thoughheclaimedhewasnotitsoriginalauthor,onlyadocumentarianofonepartofanoldoralfolktradition.(新年前夜，當(dāng)鐘聲一個接一個地敲響午夜鐘聲時，全世界的人群中響起的最響亮的一首歌是《友誼地久天長》，這是一首蘇格蘭語的頌歌，歌頌友誼和過去的美好時光。這首歌最早是由蘇格蘭詩人羅伯特·伯恩斯寫在紙上的，盡管他聲稱自己不是這首歌的原作者，只是記錄了一個古老的口頭民間傳統(tǒng)的一部分。)”可知，這首歌起源于口頭蘇格蘭民間音樂。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段中畫線詞后面的“whichcarrieditsfolktraditionstoplacesliketheStates,CanadaandNewZealand.(他們把自己的民間傳統(tǒng)帶到了美國、加拿大和新西蘭等地。)”可知，蘇格蘭人定居到世界各地，從而把民間傳統(tǒng)帶往各個國家。所以“diaspora”意思是“定居國外”。A.Folktradition民間傳統(tǒng)；B.Famouspoets著名詩人；C.Settlingabroad定居國外；D.Singingfever歌唱熱。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Anincreasinglyconnectedworldhelpedtopromotethesong’sspread.Theinventorofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBell,sangitdownthemouthpiecetodemonstratethenewtelemunicationsequipment.Later,anotherscientistcalledEmileBerlinerchoseitasoneofthefirstsongstoberecordedonthegramophone.In1929,thebandleaderGuyLombardobeganthetraditionofplaying“AuldLangSyne”fromTimesSquare,firstonradioandthenontelevision.(一個日益緊密的世界促進了這首歌的傳播。的發(fā)明者亞歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾把話筒唱下來，演示這種新的電信設(shè)備。后來，另一位名叫埃米爾·柏林的科學(xué)家選擇了它作為首批用留聲機錄制的歌曲之一。1929年，樂隊指揮蓋伊·隆巴多開始在時代廣場演奏《友誼地久天長》的傳統(tǒng)，先是在電臺，然后在電視上。)”可知，新發(fā)明連接世界從而加速了歌曲的傳播。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Today,itsymbolisesfriendshipandfondmemoryformunitiesacrosstheglobe,(今天，這首歌象征著世界各地的友誼和美好的回憶，)”可知，這首歌主要向人們傳達了友誼和回憶的魅力。故選A。CInthewakeofthebanningofwhitecoatsfordoctors,Dr.Maxexplorerswhethertherulemakessense.Whitecoats,replacedbyplasticaprons,werebanned,alongwiththingsliketies,becauseitwasclaimedthattheywereaninfectionrisk,oftencoveredwithorganicmatter.Manydoctorshavefeltoffendedbythis—notbecausetheyarebeingrequiredtoobserverules,butbecausetherulesmakenosense.Infact,it’sactuallyadangerouspolicybecauseitmiststherealproblemsfacedwhentacklinghospitalacquiredinfections.Alongwithhandwashing,theonlyothervariablethathasbeenconsistentlyshowntoberelevanttohospitalacquiredinfectionsarebedoccupancyrates.Putsimply,thequickertheturnaroundinhospitalsandthemorepressurethereareonbeds,themoreinfectionsthereare.RatherthanlookcriticallyatthecurrentmodelfortheNHS(NationalHealthService),whichisallaboutcuttingbeds,andrealizingthatthisisdirectlycontributingtohospitalinfections,it’sfareasiertolooktotheinnocentwhitecoatandbanthatinstead.Bybanningwhitecoatsandties,doctorsnowdon’tlook“smart”andhavelosttheir“presence”inhospitals.Mostfrustratinglyfordoctors,whoareencouragedtopracticeevidencebasedmedicine,there’snoclearevidencethatwhitecoatsactuallycarryanydiseasecausingbugs.AreviewmissionedbytheDepartmentofHealth(DH)foundthatmostofthebugsthatwerefoundonwhitecoatsweresimplyfromthedoctor’sskinandwouldbeonanyitemofclothingtheywore—anddidn’tcausediseaseanyway.Thefactthatthewhitecoatsdon’tspreaddiseaseisborneoutnotjustbystudies,butinpracticetoo.InHongKong,forexample,wherewhitecoatsarestillstandarduniformforalldoctors,theratesofhospitalacquiredinfectionarestillconsiderablylowerthanUKhospitals.Infact,inotherEuropeancountrieswherewhitecoatsareworn,theinfectionratesarealsolowerthantheUK.Thecaseagainstwhitecoatswasshallowandfueledbypoliticsnotevidence.Surely,it’stimedoctorsroseupandputontheirwhitecoatsoncemore.8.Whyarewhitecoatsbannedaccordingtothetext?A.Theydamagedoctors’images. B.Theyarenotconstantlywashed.C.Theydistinguisheddoctorsfromothers. D.Theyarebelievedasinfectioussources.9.Whatistherealproblemwithhospitalinfection?A.Intensebedoccupancy. B.AreviewbytheDH.C.Frequenthandwashing. D.Bugscarryingwhitecoats.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraphs5&6?A.Whitecoatscarryriskyvirus. B.Thebanningisunreasonable.C.Adoctor’sskincausesdisease. D.DoctorsintheUKlosetheiridentity.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebanning?A.Unfavorable. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent. D.Unclear.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了禁止穿白大褂是因為它們被認為是傳染源，但事實是醫(yī)院感染的真正問題是床位占用率高?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Whitecoats,replacedbyplasticaprons,werebanned,alongwiththingsliketies,becauseitwasclaimedthattheywereaninfectionrisk,oftencoveredwithorganicmatter.(白大褂被塑料圍裙所取代，以及領(lǐng)帶等東西都被禁止，因為人們聲稱它們有感染風(fēng)險，通常覆蓋著有機物。)”可知，禁止穿白大褂是因為它們被認為是傳染源。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Alongwithhandwashing,theonlyothervariablethathasbeenconsistentlyshowntoberelevanttohospitalacquiredinfectionsarebedoccupancyrates.Putsimply,thequickertheturnaroundinhospitalsandthemorepressurethereareonbeds,themoreinfectionsthereare.(除了洗手，唯一被證明與醫(yī)院獲得性感染相關(guān)的變量是床位占用率。簡而言之，醫(yī)院的周轉(zhuǎn)越快，病床上的壓力越大，感染就越多。)”可知，醫(yī)院感染的真正問題是床位占用率高。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第五段中“AreviewmissionedbytheDepartmentofHealth(DH)foundthatmostofthebugsthatwerefoundonwhitecoatsweresimplyfromthedoctor’sskinandwouldbeonanyitemofclothingtheywore—anddidn’tcausediseaseanyway.(美國衛(wèi)生部（DH）委托進行的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在白大褂上發(fā)現(xiàn)的大多數(shù)細菌只是來自醫(yī)生的皮膚，而且會出現(xiàn)在他們穿的任何一件衣服上——而且無論如何也不會引起疾病。)”和文章第六段中“Thefactthatthewhitecoatsdon’tspreaddiseaseisborneoutnotjustbystudies,butinpracticetoo.(白大褂不傳播疾病的事實不僅被研究證實，而且在實踐中也得到了證實。)”可知，禁令是不合理的。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Thecaseagainstwhitecoatswasshallowandfueledbypoliticsnotevidence.(反對白大褂的案件是膚淺的，是由政治而不是證據(jù)推動的。)”可知，作者是不贊同禁令的。故選A。DSugarcanecontainsaround10%sugar,butthatmeansitcontainsaround90%nonsugar—thematerialknownasbagasse(甘蔗渣).Worldproductionofcanesugarwas185milliontonnesin2017.Mostbagasseisburned.Often,itfuelslocalgeneratorsthatpowerthemills,soitisnotwasted.ButZhuHongli,amechanicalengineeratNortheasternUniversity,thinksitcanbeputtobetteruse.Abitofbagassemakesanexcellentandbiodegradablereplacementfortheplasticusedfordisposablefoodcontainerslikecoffeecups.Previousattemptstendednottosurvivecontactwithliquids.Butshethoughtshecouldoverethatbymixingthesugarcanepulp(漿)withanotherbiodegradablematerial.Sheknewfrompreviousresearchthatthemainreasonwhypasteffortsfelltopieceswhenwetisthatbagasseisposedofshortfibresunabletokeepthefinishedproductresilient(有彈性的).Shethereforesoughttoinsertasuitablylongfibredsubstance.Bambooseemedtofitthebill.Itgrowsquickly,degradesreadilyandhasappropriatelylongfibres.Anditworked.Whentheresearchersaddedasmallamountofbamboopulptobagasse,theyfoundthattheresulthadastronginterweavingofshortandlongfibres.Asabonus,theyalsodiscoveredthatthelignin(木質(zhì)素)inthefibres,athickandsolidwaterproofmaterial,boundthefibrestogether.Totesttheirnewmaterial,DrZhuandhercolleaguesfirstpouredhotoilontoitandfoundthat,ratherthanenteringthematerial,theoilwaskeptawaybytheirinvention.Also,acupoutofthestuffandfilledwithwaterheatedalmosttoboilingpointremainedwellinshapeforovertwohours.Thoughnotaslongasaplasticcupwouldlast,itislongenoughforallpracticalpurposes.Moreover,thenewmaterialistwiceasstrongastheplasticusedtomakecups,andisdefinitelybiodegradable.Overall,DrZhuarguesthatbagasseisanobviouschoiceformakingcoffeecups,disposableplatesandsoon.Onceused,thesecouldbedumpedinlandfillswithaclearconscience.12.Whyisworldproductionofcanesugarin2017mentioned?A.Toshowtheharvestofcanesugar. B.Topresentadangerinenvironment.C.Toimplypeople’sdemandforcanesugar. D.Tostressthepotentialamountofbagasse.13.Whydidtheresearchersputbamboopulpintobagasse?A.Togainlongfibre. B.Tostickthefibrestogether.C.Tomaketheproductbiodegradable. D.Toenhancetheproduct’sendurance.14.WhatcanwelearnfromDrZhu’sresearch?A.Criticalthinkingcouldmakeabigdifference. B.Innovativespirityieldsabetteralternative.C.Trashcouldbeturnedintotreasure. D.Awillingheartmakesmiracles.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OneStoneKillsTwoEnvironmentalBirds B.ABirdInHandIsWorthTwoInTheBushC.FailureistheMotherofSuccess D.KnowledgeisPower【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們利用甘蔗渣制作出了耐用，可生物降解的咖啡杯，同時避免了浪費?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sugarcanecontainsaround10%sugar,butthatmeansitcontainsaround90%nonsugar—thematerialknownasbagasse(甘蔗渣).Worldproductionofcanesugarwas185milliontonnesin2017.(甘蔗含有大約10%的糖，但這意味著它含有大約90%的非糖——即甘蔗渣。2017年，世界蔗糖產(chǎn)量為1.85億噸)”可知，提到2017年的世界蔗糖產(chǎn)量是為了強調(diào)甘蔗渣的潛在量。故選D。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ Sheknewfrompreviousresearchthatthemainreasonwhypasteffortsfelltopieceswhenwetisthatbagasseisposedofshortfibresunabletokeepthefinishedproductresilient(有彈性的).

(她從之前的研究中了解到，過去的努力在潮濕時失敗的主要原因是甘蔗渣由短纖維組成，無法保持成品的彈性)”以及第四段“Bambooseemedtofitthebill.Itgrowsquickly,degradesreadilyandhasappropriatelylongfibres.Anditworked.Whentheresearchersaddedasmallamountofbamboopulptobagasse,theyfoundthattheresulthadastronginterweavingofshortandlongfibres.Asabonus,theyalsodiscoveredthatthelignin(木質(zhì)素)inthefibres,athickandsolidwaterproofmaterial,boundthefibrestogether.(竹子似乎符合要求。它生長迅速，易于降解，并具有適當(dāng)?shù)拈L纖維。這招奏效了。當(dāng)研究人員向甘蔗渣中加入少量竹漿時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果是短纖維和長纖維緊密交織在一起。作為獎勵，他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)纖維中的木質(zhì)素，一種厚而堅固的防水材料，將纖維結(jié)合在一起)”可知，研究人員將竹漿放入甘蔗渣中是為了提高產(chǎn)品的耐用性。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Totesttheirnewmaterial,DrZhuandhercolleaguesfirstpouredhotoilontoitandfoundthat,ratherthanenteringthematerial,theoilwaskeptawaybytheirinvention.(為了測試他們的新材料，朱博士和她的同事們首先把熱油倒在上面，發(fā)現(xiàn)油不是進入材料，而是被他們的發(fā)明擋在外面)”以及“Moreover,thenewmaterialistwiceasstrongastheplasticusedtomakecups,andisdefinitelybiodegradable.(此外，這種新材料的強度是用于制造杯子的塑料的兩倍，而且絕對是可生物降解的)”可知，朱博士的研究發(fā)明了新的耐用材料，由此告訴我們創(chuàng)新精神產(chǎn)生更好的選擇。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostbagasseisburned.Often,itfuelslocalgeneratorsthatpowerthemills,soitisnotwasted.ButZhuHongli,amechanicalengineeratNortheasternUniversity,thinksitcanbeputtobetteruse.Abitofbagassemakesanexcellentandbiodegradablereplacementfortheplasticusedfordisposablefoodcontainerslikecoffeecups.(大部分甘蔗渣都被燒掉了。通常，它為當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)電機提供燃料，為工廠提供動力，因此不會被浪費。但東北大學(xué)機械工程師朱宏利認為，它可以有更好的用途。一點甘蔗渣是一種很好的可生物降解的替代品，可以代替咖啡杯等一次性食品容器的塑料)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們利用甘蔗渣制作出了耐用，可生物降解的咖啡杯，同時避免了浪費。可知，A選項“一石二鳥”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.Othersseemtomaketeethclenchandeyesrollnomatterwhattheydo.Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathatthewayapersontendstomakeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.____16____Thisconceptwasfirstdescribednearly10yearsagoinastudybyProfessorEisenkcraftandProfessorElfenbein,abusinessprofessoratWashingtonUniversity.Theyputstudentsintogroups,hadthemenrollinallthesameclassesforasemester,anddoeverygroupprojecttogether.____17____Theresearchersfoundthatasignificantportionofgroupmembers’emotionscouldbeaccountedforbytheaffectivepresenceoftheirpeers.____18____Ifonepersonfeelsangry,shemaywellinfectherneighborswiththatanger.Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectthatonehasregardlessofone’sownfeelings—thosewithpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgood,eveniftheypersonallyareanxiousorsad.Andtheoppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.Exactlywhatpeoplearedoingthatsetsothersateaseorputsthemoffhasn’tyetbeenstudied.____19____ButElfenbeinsuggestthatabigpartofaffectivepresencemaybehowpeopleregulateemotions—thoseofothersandtheirown.Theemotionalregulationcouldtaketheformoffindingthepositiveinabadsituation,whichcanbehealthy.Butitcouldalsotaketheformofsuppressingone’sownemotionsjusttokeepotherpeoplefortable,whichislessso.Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn’tinherentlygood,eitherforthepersonthemselves,orfortheirrelationshipswithothers.____20____And,shesays,“Youcanuseyourintelligencetocurecancer,butyoucanalsouseittobeacriminalmastermind.”A.Researcherscallit“affectivepresence”B.Ourownwayofbeinghasanemotionalsignature.C.Hemakesotherpeoplefeelgoodbyhispresence.D.It’sbeenknownforsometimethatemotionsareinfectious.E.Itmayhavetodowithbodylanguage,ortoneofvoice,orbeingagoodlistener.F.Thenthemembersofeachgroupratedhowmucheveryothermembermadethemfeel.G.Besides,shesuspectsthataffectivepresenceiscloselyrelatedtoemotionalintelligence.【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了什么是“情感存在”以及其對人際關(guān)系的影響?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.Othersseemtomaketeethclenchandeyesrollnomatterwhattheydo.Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathatthewayapersontendstomakeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.(有些人一走進房間就能立刻讓每個人都放松下來。另一些人似乎無論做什么都要咬牙切齒，翻白眼。一小部分心理學(xué)研究支持這樣一種觀點，即一個人給別人的感覺是他個性中始終如一的、可衡量的一部分)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，主要總結(jié)上述現(xiàn)象。故A選項“研究人員稱之為‘情感存在’”符合語境，故選A。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyputstudentsintogroups,hadthemenrollinallthesameclassesforasemester,anddoeverygroupprojecttogether.(他們把學(xué)生分成小組，讓他們在一個學(xué)期內(nèi)注冊所有相同課程，并一起完成每個小組項目)”以及后文“Theresearchersfoundthatasignificantportionofgroupmembers’emotionscouldbeaccountedforbytheaffectivepresenceoftheirpeers.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，群體成員的很大一部分情緒可以通過同伴的情感存在來解釋)”可知，本句承接上文，說明接下來的研究過程，結(jié)合后文提到了同伴情感，可知本句與同伴之間的情感判斷有關(guān)。故F選項“然后每組的成員對其他成員給他們的感覺打分”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ifonepersonfeelsangry,shemaywellinfectherneighborswiththatanger.Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectthatonehasregardlessofone’sownfeelings—thosewithpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgood,eveniftheypersonallyareanxiousorsad.Andtheoppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.(如果一個人感到憤怒，她很可能會把這種憤怒傳染給她的鄰居。但情感存在是一種與個人感受無關(guān)的影響——那些積極的情感存在會讓其他人感覺良好，即使他們自己也很焦慮或悲傷。而對于那些有消極情感存在的人來說，情況正好相反)”可知，本段的主旨是情緒具有傳染性。故D選項“一段時間以來，人們都知道情緒是會傳染的”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Exactlywhatpeoplearedoingthatsetsothersateaseorputsthemoffhasn’tyetbeenstudied.(人們到底在做什么會讓別人放松或讓別人反感，目前還沒有研究)”可知，本句主要是對上文“做什么會讓別人放松或讓別人反感”的問題進行猜測性回答，故E選項“這可能與肢體語言、語調(diào)或做一個好的傾聽者有關(guān)”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn’tinherentlygood,eitherforthepersonthemselves,orfortheirrelationshipswithothers.(Elfenbein指出，積極的情感存在本身并不好，無論是對個人本身，還是對他們與他人的關(guān)系)”以及后文“And,shesays,“Youcanuseyourintelligencetocurecancer,butyoucanalsouseittobeacriminalmastermind.”(她說:“你可以用你的智慧來治療癌癥，但你也可以用它來成為一個犯罪策劃者?！?”可知，本句主要是在說明Elfenbein對于情感存在的看法，且G選項intelligence可對應(yīng)后文intelligence。故G選項“此外，她懷疑情感存在與情商密切相關(guān)”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThatdayIwalkedinthepostofficewithahugesmile.Mystoryhadbeenacceptedfor____21____inaChickenSoup.Aftermonthsofstressfullifeevents,Ihad(a)____22____inmystepandalightnessinmyheart.Grasped____23____inmyhandwastheformgivingpermissiontoprintmystory.Astheclerkstucktheformtomyenvelope,shesaid,“Tendollars,____24____only.Oursystemisdeadtoday.”Ifishedthroughmy____25____.Butwithoutluck.Tearscloudedmyvision.Thenadeepvoicebehindmesaid,“I’lltakecareofit.”Iturnedandmetaman’s____26____gazeasheheldoutatendollarbill.“Justpayitforward,”hesaid.Thatoftenoverusedphrasesent____27____downthroughmytoes.____28____hiskindness,IwaswalkingbacktomycarwhenInoticedsomethingglowinginthesun.Itwasacreditcard.____29____tofindtheowner,Iplayeddetectiveforseveralblocks.ThenI_____30_____ayoungmotherwiththreechildren.Shewas_____31_____throughsomebagsintheback.Iapproachedandasked,“AreyouJessicaSlate?”Hereyesgotround.“Yes!”“Ibelievethisisyours,”Ihandedherthecard.“You_____32_____myday,”shewipedawaytears,“Truly.”Whiledrivinghome,Imusedthatbeingkindonboththereceivingandthegivingendfelt_____33_____good.Firstwithcash,thenwithcredit,Ihad_____34_____aliteralinterpretationofpayingitforward.Whenitestoactsofkindness,allformsof_____35_____areacceptable.21.A.education B.application C.munication D.publication22.A.faith B.lead C.spring D.doubt23.A.firmly B.casually C.blindly D.effortlessly24.A.signature B.check C.cash D.credit25.A.form B.purse C.envelope D.car26.A.sympathetic B.curious C.hopeful D.appreciative27.A.desire B.joy C.panic D.despair28.A.Reflectingon B.Countingon C.Huntingfor D.Allowingfor29.A.Hesitant B.Content C.Inspired D.Determined30.A.anticipated B.spotted C.recognized D.contacted31.A.digging B.seeing C.cutting D.tearing32.A.fueled B.enriched C.marked D.saved33.A.partly B.equally C.seemingly D.naturally34.A.stamped B.imagined C.experienced D.accepted35.A.generosity B.donation C.payment D.submission【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個關(guān)于傳遞善意的故事，作者在郵局寄東西時遇到了付款上的困難，一個陌生男子主動幫她支付了費用，囑咐她只需要把愛傳遞下去。后來，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張丟失的信用卡，并通過努力找到了失主，幫助了一個年輕的母親解決問題。通過這些經(jīng)歷，作者深刻體會到接受和給予善意的感覺是同樣美好的。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的故事已被一個心靈雞湯類的雜志接受出版。A.education教育；B.application申請；C.munication溝通；D.publication