2017年4月自考00600高級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題及答案含解析

高級(jí)英語(yǔ)年月真題

0060020174

1、【單選題】Sucha___________proposalwouldnevergetthroughParliament.

popular

detailed

A:

reasonable

B:

radical

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.popular的意思是“受歡迎的”；B.detailed的意思是“細(xì)節(jié)的”；C.

reasonable表示“合理的”；D.radical表示“激進(jìn)的”。因此選D.radical，“激進(jìn)

的”。全句翻譯：如此激進(jìn)的提案是無(wú)法得到議會(huì)通過(guò)的。

2、【單選題】He________himselffromhospitalagainsttheadviceofdoctors.

removed

separated

A:

discharged

B:

liberated

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.remove的意思是“去除”；B.separate的意思是“分開(kāi)”；C.discharge表

示“出院”；D.liberate表示“解放”。因此選C.discharge，“出院”。全句翻譯：

他未遵醫(yī)囑擅自出院。

3、【單選題】Nooneknowswhetherachild’s________towardsfatnessisinherited

orduetothefoodheeats.

tendency

possibility

A:

progress

B:

movement

C:

答D:案：A

解析：A.tendency的意思是“趨勢(shì)”；B.possibility的意思是“可能性”；C.

progress表示“進(jìn)步”；D.movement表示“活動(dòng)”。因此選A.tendency，“趨勢(shì)”。全

句翻譯：沒(méi)有人知道兒童肥胖的趨勢(shì)是歸因于遺傳還是飲食。

4、【單選題】ThefalloftheBerlinWall______theendoftheColdWarbetween

EastandWest.

showed

explained

A:

symbolized

B:

announced

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.show的意思是“表明，證明，展示”；B.explain的意思是“講解，解釋”；

C.symbolize的意思是“象征，代表”；D.announce的意思是“宣布，宣告”。全句翻

譯：柏林墻的倒塌標(biāo)志著東方與西方冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束。全句翻譯：沒(méi)有人知道兒童肥胖的趨勢(shì)

是歸因于遺傳還是飲食。

5、【單選題】Ifchildrenweremadetofeel_________tootherchildrentheir

confidencedeclined.

close

inferior

A:

related

B:

indifferent

C:

答D:案：B

解析：A.close的意思是“親近的”；B.inferior的意思是“低劣的;下級(jí)的，下等

的”；C.related表示“相關(guān)的”；D.indifferent表示“漠不關(guān)心的”。因此選B.

inferior“低劣的”。全句翻譯：如果總是讓孩子覺(jué)得低人一等，則他們的自信心便會(huì)

下降。

6、【單選題】Thefrequentpolicychangesinthecompanyhavecreated

growing_________amongemployees.

distraction

distrust

A:

distinction

B:

disposal

C:

答D:案：B

解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞。A.distraction的意思是“分心，注意力分散”；B.distrust

的意思是“不信任”；C.distinction表示“區(qū)別”；D.disposal表示“處置”。因此

選B.distrust，“不信任”。全句翻譯：公司政策的頻繁改變使員工對(duì)公司越來(lái)越缺乏信

任。

7、【單選題】Howcanyou______yourfurcoatandyourloveofanimals?

reconcile

compare

A:

comprehend

B:

recognize

C:

答D:案：A

解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是動(dòng)詞。A.reconcile的意思是“使和好，使和解”；B.compare的意

思是“比較”；C.compehend表示“理解”；D.recognize表示“識(shí)別，認(rèn)出”。因此選

A.reconcile，“和解，兼顧”。全句翻譯：你怎樣解釋你既愛(ài)皮草又愛(ài)動(dòng)物？

8、【單選題】WhenIwasyoungand_______Ibelieveditwaspossibletochangethe

world.

realistic

indulgent

A:

idealistic

B:

intelligent

C:

答D:案：C

解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞。A.realistic的意思是“現(xiàn)實(shí)的”；B.indulgent的意思是

“放縱的”；C.idealistic表示“理想的”；D.intelligent表示“聰慧的”。因此選C.

idealistic，“理想的”。全句翻譯：我年輕時(shí)非常理想化，那時(shí)我相信能改變世界。

9、【單選題】Ifthegoodsprove________，thecustomerhastherightto

compensation.

defective

durable

A:

low-priced

B:

mass-produced

C:

答D:案：A

解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞。A.defective的意思是“有瑕疵的”；B.durable的意思是

“持久的”；C.low-priced表示“價(jià)格低廉的”；D.mass-produced表示“大量生產(chǎn)

的”。因此選A.defective，“有瑕疵的”。全句翻譯：如果經(jīng)證實(shí)產(chǎn)品確實(shí)有瑕疵，消

費(fèi)者有權(quán)所要賠償。

10、【單選題】Thegovernmentwasaccusedof_________militaryoperationsagainst

theregime.

efficient

enough

A:

successful

B:

covert

C:

答D:案：D

解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞。A.efficient的意思是“高效的”；B.enough的意思是“足

夠的”；C.successful表示“成功的”；D.covert表示“隱蔽的”。因此選D.covert，

“隱蔽的，秘密的”。全句翻譯：政府被指控采取秘密的軍事行動(dòng)以推翻政權(quán)。

11、【單選題】Janesawamassofbodies________roundonthedancefloor.

running

shaking

A:

jumping

B:

whirling

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.run的意思是“跑步”；B.shake的意思是“搖動(dòng)”；C.jump表示“跳躍”；D.

whirl表示“旋轉(zhuǎn)”。因此選D.whirl，“旋轉(zhuǎn)”。全句翻譯：簡(jiǎn)看到很多人在舞池中旋

轉(zhuǎn)起舞。

12、【單選題】Thisartificialfabrichasthe_______ofmilk.

stature

texture

A:

signature

B:

mixture

C:

答D:案：B

解析：A.stature的意思是“聲望”；B.texture的意思是“質(zhì)地，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C.

signature表示“簽名”；D.mixture表示“混合”。因此選B.texture，“質(zhì)地”。全句

翻譯：這種人造纖維擁有牛奶一樣的質(zhì)感。

13、【單選題】Davidstillsufferedthe_________ofhavingbeenrejectedforthe

army.

evidence

experience

A:

B:

stigma

record

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.evidence的意思是“證據(jù)”；B.experience的意思是“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”；

C.stigma表示“恥辱”；D.record表示“記錄”。因此選C.stigma，“恥辱”。全句翻

譯：大衛(wèi)仍然由于參軍遭拒而蒙羞。

14、【單選題】Mary’sfatheris________whetherornottoacceptthenewjobthat

he’sbeenoffered.

meditating

expecting

A:

challenging

B:

deliberating

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.meditate的意思是“沉思”；B.expect的意思是“期待”；C.challenge表示

“挑戰(zhàn)”；D.deliberate表示“權(quán)衡”。因此選D.deliberate，“權(quán)衡”。全句翻譯：

瑪麗的父親正在權(quán)衡是否接受這份提供給他的新工作。

15、【單選題】They_______aroundinthedark,tryingtofindtheirwayoutofthe

cinema.

fumbled

toured

A:

sniffed

B:

turned

C:

答D:案：A

解析：A.fumble的意思是“摸索”；B.tour作為動(dòng)詞，表示“觀光”；C.sniff表示

“嗅”；D.turn表示“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”。因此選A.fumble，“摸索”。全句翻譯：他們?cè)诤诎抵?/p>

摸索，試圖走出電影院。

16、【單選題】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Whatmightbethereasonfor

somepeopletochoosebraingames?

Itiseasiertoobtainthegamesthaneverbefore.

Thequalityofthegamesisrecognizedworldwide.

A:

Thedevelopmentofthegameindustryhasbeensuccessful.

B:

Theyaremadetobelievetheagingpreventioneffectsofthegames.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：文章第一段第二句講述了如何使大腦保持靈敏的方式，即登陸充斥著大腦游戲的網(wǎng)

站或者下載手機(jī)app，玩這類游戲不到20分鐘，你便能增強(qiáng)記憶，減緩心智衰老。接著文

章指出，這一方法其實(shí)正是繁榮的游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)背后的游戲公司想讓你信以為真的。所以人們

選擇大腦游戲的原因是D，即人們被說(shuō)服相信游戲具有能夠預(yù)防衰老的功效。

17、【單選題】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Theword“inexorable”in

Paragraph1means_________.

inevitable

incidental

A:

inconvenient

B:

inadequate

C:

答D:案：A

解析：inexorable的意思是“不可動(dòng)搖的，不能變更的”。選項(xiàng)中，A.inevitable表示

“不可避免的”；B.incidental表示“偶然發(fā)生的”；C.inconvenient的意思是“不方

便的”；D.inadequate的意思是“不充足的”。因此，與inexorable詞義最相近的是A.

inevitable，“不可避免的”。

18、【單選題】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Whichofthefollowingisthe

mainideaofParagraph2?

Peoplearenaiveabouttheeffectsofbraingames.

Itispeople’sgreatestconcerntokeepfitmentally.

A:

Peoplearemisledaboutthepowerofbraingames.

B:

Itisdifficulttoprovethepositiveeffectsofbraingames.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：第二段的第一句是本段的主題句。該句指出“Concreteproofaboutthe

benefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby…”意思是很難找到確切的證據(jù)來(lái)證明大

腦游戲的益處。因此選擇D.很難證明大腦游戲的積極效果。

19、【單選題】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”WecanlearnfromParagraph3

that______.

braingamesdonotfunctionwellinmentaltraining

A:

itisunreasonabletoignorethebenefitsofbraingames

thebenefitsofbraingamesmightnotbethesameasbelieved

B:

moreauthoritativestudiesonbraingameswillbeconducted

C:

答D:案：C

解析：第三段主要講述大腦游戲的好處。專家指出，心智游戲雖然不一定能減緩衰老，但

是也能夠?qū)Υ竽X產(chǎn)生影響。本段最后一句進(jìn)一步指出：反復(fù)玩一個(gè)游戲教會(huì)你如何玩游戲

以及如何玩得更好，但并非一定有其他多大好處。因此選擇C.大腦游戲的好處可能和我們

想的不一樣。

20、【單選題】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle