人教版中考二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件專題9第5節(jié)其他句式

第5節(jié)其他句式1.語法填空。根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容和提示,在短文的空格處填上一個語法最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使短文完整、通順。Oneday,arabbitwalkedbyandmetaturtle.Therabbitlaughedattheturtleandsaid,“

①

slowlyyouwalk!Let’s

have

a

race

and

then

you

will

know

how

fast

I

run.”

Muchtotherabbit’ssurprise,theturtleacceptedandsaid,“

②

aninterestingraceitwillbeandIwilltrymybest!”Everyonethoughttherabbitissuretowin.Atfirst,therabbitranfastandlefttheturtlefarbehind.

Whentherabbitgottothehallwaypointandcouldn’tseetheturtleanywhere,hesaidproudly,“Mr.Turtle,runquickly,andIwilltakeashortnapnowtowaitforyou.”Allthistimetheturtlekeptwalkingstepbystepandhenevergaveupnomatter

③

hotandtiredhegot.

④

timefliesand

⑤

hard-workingtheturtleis!Whentherabbitwokeupfromhisnap,theturtlehadreachedthefinishline.

①

How

②

What

③

how

④

How

⑤

how

2.知識回顧。短文中,填寫的詞是

感嘆詞

,跟后面的句子一起用來表達(dá)喜、怒、哀、樂等強(qiáng)烈情感,這樣的句子稱作

感嘆句

,以感嘆詞

what

(空格②)和

how

(空格①、③、④、⑤)來進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)。

短文中,加粗的句子是

祈使句

,用于表達(dá)命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等。常常省略

主語

,用

動詞原形

開頭。

考點(diǎn)1

感嘆句(一)由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的中心詞是名詞。what意為“多么”,用作定語,修飾

名詞

。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)可分為以下三種:

1.What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+(主語+謂語)!如:Whatagoodgirlsheis!

What

an

interestingbookitis!

2.What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+(主語+謂語)!如:

What

goodstudentstheyare!

What

beautifulflowerstheyare!

3.What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+(主語+謂語)!如:

What

badweatheriti!

What

importantnewsitis!

(二)由how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的中心詞是形容詞或副詞。how意為“多么”,用作狀語,用來修飾形容詞或者副詞。如果修飾形容詞,則句中的謂語動詞用系動詞;如果修飾副詞,則句中的謂語動詞用實(shí)義動詞。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)也分為三種:1.How+形容詞/副詞+(主語+謂語)!如:

How

quicklyheruns!

2.How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+(主語+謂語)!如:

How

beautifulagirlsheis!

3.How+主語+謂語!如:Howtimeflies!光陰似箭!(三)做題小竅門※口訣:形名相連用what,形名不連用how,what選定后,還需關(guān)注名詞的數(shù)。如:Howbeautifulagirlsheis!(形容詞beautiful與名詞girl不連,中間有冠詞a,所以用how)Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!(形容詞beautiful與名詞girl相連,所以用what)考點(diǎn)2

祈使句(一)祈使句的特征祈使句無主語,

主語you常省去;動詞原形謂語當(dāng),

句首加don’t否定變。

(二)祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu)1.肯定結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Do型——動詞原形(+賓語)+其他成分。如:Pleasewritedownyourname.

Please

open

the

window.

請開窗。(2)Be型——Be+表語(名詞或形容詞)+其他成分。如:Becareful!小心!

Be

a

good

kid!

要做一個好孩子!(3)Let型——Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他成分。如:

Let

me

help

you.

讓我來幫你。

2.否定結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Do型和Be型的否定式:在句首加don’t。如:Don’tclosethedoor,please.

Don’t

be

late

for

class!

上課不要遲到!(2)Let型的否定式有兩種:①Don’t+let+賓語+動詞原形+其他。如:

Don’t

let

him

go.

別讓他走。②Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他。如:

Let

him

not

go.

別讓他走。(3)有些祈使句可用no開頭,用來表示禁止性的行為?！癗o+名詞或動名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示禁止某種行為,一般用于指示、標(biāo)牌、布告等。如:

No

smoking!

禁止吸煙!

No

photos!

禁止拍照!

(三)祈使句用于兩個重要句型中

如:Readmorebooks,

and

youwillhaveabetterunderstandingoflife.

如:Listentotheteachercarefully,

or

youcan’tfollowherwell.

試比較:Hurryupandyou’llcatchthetrain.=Ifyouhurryup,you’llcatchthetrain.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llmissthetrain.※(四)祈使句的答語祈使句表示命令、要求等語氣,是中考聽力常考話題?；卮鹌硎咕湟脤頃r態(tài)。如:—Pleaseremembertotakethedogoutforawalkeveryday.—

Yes,

I

will.

—Don’ttakeyourmobilephonetoschool!—

Sorry,

I

won’t

(五)辨析如何區(qū)分祈使句和動名詞作主語Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇。(

C

)1.

afreshspringmorningitis!(2022·重慶A卷)

A.Who

B.WhyC.What D.How(

D

)2.—Wepickedapplesonthefarmandhadfunyesterday.—

wonderfuldayitwas!(2022·廣西梧州)

A.How B.HowaC.What D.Whata(

B

)3.—HaveyouheardthatMr.Zhangsavedhisneighborfromabigfirelastnight?—Yes.

bravetheyoungmanis!(2022·內(nèi)蒙古)

A.Whata B.HowC.What D.Howa(

C

)4.

excitingsingingcontesttheyhadyesterday!

A.What B.HowC.Whatan D.Howan(

C

)5.—Thelittleboyisonlythreeyearsold,buthecanmemorizeabout50poems.——

talentedboyheis!

A.How B.HowaC.Whata D.What(

A

)6.—OurschoolvolleyballteamwonfirstprizelastFriday.—Wow,

greatnews!(2023·黑龍江綏化)

A.what B.whatanC.how D.howan(

B

)7.

usefulknowledgetheastronautinTiangongClassroomhastaughtus!(2023·遼寧營口)

A.How B.WhatC.Howa D.Whata(

C

)8.

inwhatyouwant,andAItoolscancreatepicturesinminutes.(2023·江蘇徐州二模)

A.Typing B.TotypeC.Type D.Typed(

D

)9.Sandy,

tobehereat8o’clock.

A.issure B.issurethatC.willbesure D.besure(

D

)10.

methetruth,orI’llbeangry.

A.Telling B.TotellC.Told D.TellⅡ.用what或how填空。1.

How

finetheweatheris!

2.

What

aninterestinglessonthestudentsarehaving!

3.

How

bravetheChinesepeopleare!

4.

What

beautifuldressestheseare!

5.

What

averyfunnystoryhetoldus!

Ⅲ.完成句子。1.多么精彩的舞獅表演啊!(2023·廣東廣州二模)How

wonderful

theliondanceis!

2.Wearmoreclothes,oryo