淺析《雙城記》中的人道主義思想

ChapterFourRealisticSignificanceofHumanitarianisminATaleofTwoCitiesOnthebasisoffullyaffirmingtherevolution,Dickensalsofullyexpressedhishumanitarianismthought.ThisisthemoralinheritancesincetheRenaissanceofEurope,fullofrationallight.HumanitarianismisoneoftheideaspopularizedintheEuropeanRenaissance,andhasbeeninheritedbyseveralgenerationsofthinkers,philosophersandwriters.AsoldChinabegantosendstudentsabroad,anewgenerationofeducatedyoungpeoplegraduallyabsorbedandacceptedhumanitarianismideasandspreadtheminChina.Contemporarysocietyhasformedtheconceptof"people-oriented",showingthepowerofhumanitarianism.ThenovelATaleofTwoCitiestellsthestoryoftheconception,beginning,processandsuccessoftheFrenchRevolution.Fromahumanitarianismperspective,Dickensexpressedsympathyforthesufferingofthepeople,criticizedthebloodyruleofthearistocracy,revealedtheinevitabilityandjusticeoftheFrenchRevolution,andpraisedthegreatpowerofthepeople,whichistheprogressiveessenceofDickens'humanitarianism.4.1RealisticSignificanceofHumanitarianisminATaleofTwoCitiestoSocietyFromtheperspectiveofsociety,withthedeclineoftheoldclass,newclasseswillconstantlyemergeinanysocietyduringitstransformationperiod,whichwillalsochangethesocialcontradictionstoacertainextentTopreventalargenumberofinnocentpeoplefrombeingpersecuted,exchangingloveforhateisamoreeffectivesolution..Fromapersonalpointofview,theaccumulationofhatredinaperson'sheart,toacertainextent,canseriouslydistorttheperson'sheart.ThroughATaleofTwoCities,wecanseethatDickensisawriterwhoreflectsrealityandcreatesamodernistsocietywithsymbolism.ThecharacterswiththeFrenchRevolutionasthebackgroundcontaintheirownuniquecharacteristics,aswellasthemoralprinciplesandhumanitybehind.Throughvividcharacters,theauthorconveystothereadersthelong-cherishedwishofhumanitarianismtoliveforeverandopposeviolentrevolution,anddeeplyexposeshumanity.Onthebasisoffullyaffirmingtherevolution,Dickensalsofullyexpressedhishumanitarianismthought.ThisisthemoralinheritanceofEuropesincetheRenaissance.Fullofrationallight.Fromasocialpointofview,anysocietyisinaperiodofchangeastheoldclassesdecline.Newcoursesareemerging.Therefore,socialconflictswillalsochangetoacertainextent.Inordertoavoidthepersecutionoflargenumbersofinnocentpeople,humanitarianismisarelativelyeffectivesolution.4.2PracticalSignificanceofHumanitarianisminATaleofTwoCitiestoIndividualsFromapersonalpointofview,theaccumulationofhatredinaperson'sheart,toacertainextent,canseriouslydistorttheperson'sheart.HumanitarianismisoneoftheideasadvocatedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance,andhasbeeninheritedbyseveralgenerationsofthinkers,philosophersandwriters.AsoldChinabegantosendstudentsabroad,anewgenerationofintellectualyouthgraduallyabsorbedandacceptedhumanitarianismideasandspreadtheminChina.Contemporarysocietyhasformedtheconceptof"people-oriented",showingthepowerofhumanitarianism.Humanitarianismcanhealdeepwounds.Evenjustalittle.Thehappyendingofthestoryleavesonewithawarmfeelingandadeeperunderstandingofthejoysandsorrowsofpeopleinthatbloodyhistory.Inhissoul,toleranceofhatredisalsotoleranceofhimself.Thebookvividlyshowshishumanitarianismthought.Heopposesthetyrannicalruleofthearistocracyandthe"excessive"revengeofrevolutionaries,andadvocateseliminatingclasscontradictionswiththespiritoftoleranceandlove.Ontheotherhand,itreflectstheintellectualhumanitarianismthoughtofthetime.ThehumanisticthoughtinATaleofTwoCitiesisalsoofgreatpracticalsignificanceintoday'sworld.

ChapterFiveConclusionHumanitarianismreferstothemindoftheRenaissance,whichcalledfortheampledevelopmentofhumanabilitythroughthestudyanddevelopmentofancientGreekandRomancultures.Thepursuitsandidealssetforthbythenewbourgeoisiecontaindeepcontent.Itrefersbroadlytoalltrendsandtheoriesthatemphasizehumanvaluesandthepreservationofhumandignityandrights.DuringtheFrenchRevolution,itwasembodiedas"freedom","equality"and"fraternity".FuSinianhaslongpointedoutthathumanitarianismdevelopsinternallyinthespringandautumn.Humanitarianismisanideologicalandtheoreticalcurrentofthoughtabouthumannature,mission,status,valuesandpersonalitydevelopment.Thisisagrowingandever-changingphilosophicalcategory.Humanisticthoughtwasbornatthebeginningofhumancivilization,buthumanitarianism,asatrendofthoughtandtheoryintheAge,graduallytookshapeafterthefifteenthcentury.Itwasfirstexpressedinliteratureandart,andthengraduallypermeatedotherfields.ATaleofTwoCitiesseriouslyconsidersandexploreshumannature.Heusedthepoweroflovetocriticizethedarksideofhumannatureandcelebratethebrightside;Throughthecontrastbetweengoodandevil,theideaoftoleranceispromotedagain,satirizingthearrogantMarquisAlfred.Dickens'successisthevictoryofbenevolenceandhumanitarianism.Inaword,Dickensisarealisticwriterwithhumanitarianismspirit.AlthoughDickens'humanitarianismthoughtstillhascertainclassandhistoricallimitations,ATaleofTwoCitiesexposesthedarkrealityandhumannature,andpraisesthegoodness,generosity,benevolenceandotherexcellentqualitiesinhumannature.Bothnowandinthefuture.“ThehumanitarianismthoughtadvocatedbyDickensinATaleofTwoCitiesisofcertainreferencesignificancetobothindividualsandsociety.Throughtheanalysisoftheexperiencesofvariouscharactersandtheirhumannature,theauthorrevealsthecomplexandprofoundsocialcontradictionsanddeepensthehumanitarianismthoughtexpressedbyhim,thatis,toresolvethehatredbetweenpeoplethroughbenevolenceandleniency,andtheneasetheclasscontradictions.HereflectedhishumanitarianismideasthroughthecolorfulcharactersinATaleofTwoCities.AmongthemisthekindanduprightDr.Manette,whoisabrave,strong,kind,tolerantandlovinghumanitarianwarrior.Dr.Manette'sdaughter,Lucy,isthealmostperfectwomaninthenovelandsheistheembodimentofloveinthenovel,embodyingthehumanitarianismspiritofwomen.Darnayisatypicalrebelofthenobleclassinthenovel,andapassionateportrayaloftheauthor'syouthimage.Lastbutnotleast,theyaretheoutstandingcharactersofthelowerclass,theirlifeundertheoppressionismiserable,buttheyarethenegativecharactersinthenovel.Throughthem,theyreflectaninhumanbehavior,embodythecruelrevengeandviolence,andfinallyexpresstheauthor'shumanitarianthoughtagainstviolence.Inaword.Throughtheanalysisoftheencountersofvariouscharactersandtheirhumannature,theauthorrevealsthecomplexandprofoundsocialcontradictionsanddeepensthehumanitarianthoughtheexpressed,thatis,thehatredbetweenpeoplecanberesolvedthroughloveandforgiveness,andthentheclasscontradictionscanbealleviated.ATaleofTwoCitiesembodiesDickens'sseriousthinkingandexplorationofsocietyandhumannature.AlthoughthehumanitarianspiritadvocatedbyDickenshadcertainlimitationsinthesocialenvironmentatthattime,ithasgreatguidingandpracticalsignificanceintoday'ssocietywhereclasscontradictionisnotthemaincontradiction.

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