山東省青島市高三5月自主檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版）

青島市2021年高三自主檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouhavedifficultydecidingonyourbooklist,thefollowingideassharedbysomegreattalentsmighthelpyouout.Readbooksfromeraspast//AlbertEinsteinKeepingupwithcurrenteventsandlatestbooksfromthebestsellerlistisabigjob,butAlbertEinsteinthoughtitwasvitaltoleavesomeroomforolderworks,too.Otherwise,you’dbe“pletelydependentontheprejudicesandfashionsofyourtimes,”hewroteina1952journalarticle.Don’tjumptooquicklyfrombooktobook//SenecaSeneca,afirstcenturyRomanStoicphilosopher,believedthatreadingtoowideavarietyintooshortatimewouldkeeptheteachingsfromleavingalastingimpressiononyou.“Youmustspendmuchtimeamongalimitednumberofmasterthinkers,ifyouwouldgainideaswhichshallwinfirmholdinyourmind,”hewrote.Shopatsecondhandbookstores//VirginiaWoolfInheressayStreetHaunting,VirginiaWoolfdescribedthebenefitsofshoppinginsecondhandbookstores,wheretheworks“haveetogetherinvastflocksofvariousfeather,andhaveacharmwhichthecarefullychosenbooksofthelibrarylack.”AccordingtoWoolf,lookingthroughusedbooksgivesyouthechancetoeacrosssomethingthatwouldn’thaverisentotheattentionoflibrariansandbooksellers,whoareoftenmuchmoreselectiveinbuildingtheircollectionsthansecondhandbookstoreowners.Youcanskipoutdatedscienceworks,butnotoldliterature//EdwardLytton19thcenturyBritishnovelistandParliamentarianEdwardLyttonwasafirmbelieverinthevalueofreadingoldliterature.“Inscienceread,bypreference,thenewestworks;inliterature,theoldest,”hewroteinhis1863essaycollectionCaxtoniana.“Theclassicliteratureisalwaysmodern.Newbooksreviveandredecorateoldideas;oldbookssuggestandinspirenewideas.”1.Whoheldtheideathatgreatworksshouldbedigested?A.AlbertEinstein. B.Seneca.C.VirginiaWoolf. D.EdwardLytton.2.WhatattractedVirginiaWoolftosecondhandbookstores?A.Alowerprice. B.Awiderrange.C.Amorecarefulcollection. D.Abetterservice.3.HowdidEdwardLyttonfindtheclassicliterature?A.Interesting. B.Outdated.C.Challenging. D.Valuable.BGuanmei,a65yearoldwomanoftheDongethnicgroup,istheinheritoroftheGrandSongofDong(侗族大歌),anationalintangibleculturalheritageinChina.HerhometownZaidaiVillageinGuizhou,southwesternChina,ishometotheGrandSongoftheDongethnicgroup.TheGrandSongofDongdatesfrommorethan2,500yearsago.ThewayDongsingersusetheirvocalcords(聲帶)isdifferentfromhowformallytrainedsingersdo.Itisafolkchoruswithmultiparts,noconductor,andnoacpaniment.Organicallygrowingfromtheirnaturalsurroundings,itisrecognizedinternationallyas“thesoundofNature.”BeforetheDongpeoplehadawritingsystemin1958,theDongculture,theirhistoryandstorieswereallrecordedbymeansofsongs.AsaDongsayinggoes,“Ricefeedsthebodyandsongsenrichthesoul”.TheDongpeoplesingrightfromtheirchildhood.Whilenotsinging,theyallworkintheirricefield.GuanmeihasbeensingingtheGrandSongofDongallherlife,makingherafamoussingingteacherinherhometownandnearbyareas.“Thesongsareourmeansofpassingonwisdom,knowledgeandlifeexperiencestoothers.Iwillnotexistinthisworld100yearslater,butGrandsongswill.I’mhonoredtodothisjob,”Guanmeisaid.Kindhearted,GuanmeihasbeenvolunteeringtoteachtheGrandSongofDongtotheDongchildrenforover30years.Nowshehasmorethan300students.Guanmeiispleasedtoseethevillagechildrenetoherhousewillinglywhentheyhavefreetime.“Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungpeopleleavethevillageandsettleincities.Decadeslater,theDongchildrenoutofthevillagemightknownothingaboutGrandsongs.Weshoulddosomethingjustnow.It’sourmission.Whatisoncelostmightbelostforever,”addedGuanmei.4.WhatmakestheGrandSongofDongknownas“thesoundofNature”?A.Theoutstandingconductor.B.Thespecialmusicalinstrument.C.Theattractivenaturalenvironment.D.Theinspirationfromnature.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheDongethnicculture?A.TheDongsingersareprofessionals.B.TheDongculturebefore1958hasbeenlargelylost.C.SingingisofvitalimportancetotheDongpeople.D.Theyhaveawrittenlanguagewithahistoryofover2,500years.6.HowdoesGuanmeifeelaboutthefutureofGrandsongs?A.Concerned. B.Sympathetic.C.Optimistic. D.Satisfied.7.What’stheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TocallonyoungpeopletoreturntotheDongvillage.B.ToguidetheDongchildrentolearntheGrandSongofDong.CToshowawoman’seffortstokeeptheDongculturealive.D.ToinstructpeopletoappreciatetheGrandSongofDong.COverlyfocusingonyourgoalsmayactuallybecounterproductiveinthelongrun.TakeitfromanOlympicathlete.AfterBrendaMartinez,aUSOlympicrunner,lostherbalanceinthe800meterrun,shelosttheracethatwouldqualifyherfortheOlympics.Insteadoffocusingonherfailure,shepreparedtowininthenextrace.“Thetrackdoesn’tcareaboutyourfeelings,”shetoldNewYorkMagazineIntelligence.“You’vejustgottomoveforward.”Shedidindeedmoveforwardandendedupwinningthirdplaceinthe1500meterraceaweeklatertoqualifyfortheOlympicsinRio.InsteadofattachingherselftothegoalofmakingtheOlympicteam,sheconcentratedontheprocess.ResearchersfromHarvardfoundthatoveremphasizinggoalsbasedonmeasurableoutesoftenleadstorisktaking,improperbehaviorandreducedmotivation.Whenyoubeeoverlyfocusedonachievingthegoal,youmaylosesightofyouroriginalpurposeforacplishingthegoalinthefirstplace.Anotherdangerisactuallypletingthegoalwithoutsettingaplanforwhat’snext.Forexample,somemarathonrunnersexperiencewhat’scalledthe“postraceblues”.Achievingyourgoalmaycauseyoutodropthegoodhabitsthatgotyouthereinthefirstplace.“Afteryousetagoal,it’sbesttoshiftyourfocusfromthegoalitselftotheprocessthatgivesyouthebestchanceofachievingit;andtojudgeyourselfbasedonhowwellyoumanagethatprocess,”columnistBradStulbergsaid.Ultimately,changingyourmindsetfromgoalstoprocesswillleadyoutoachievesmallvictoriesonyourwaytoacplishinglongtermgoals.Itleavesyouwithasenseofsatisfactionandacplishment,regardlessofthemeasurableoute.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterproductive”inparagraph1mean?A.Influential. B.Harmful. C.Satisfying. D.Unpredictable.9.WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbyreferringtoBrendaMartinez’sstory?A.Thewaystodealwithfailure. B.Theprocessmattersmore.C.Determinationmeansalotforanathlete. D.Theconsequenceofmakingtherightdecision.10.Whymaysomemarathonrunnersexperiencethe“postraceblues”?A.Becausetheyaresatisfiedwiththeirachievements.B.Becausetheyhaven’tgainedwhattheywant.C.Becausetheyhaven’tgotafurtherplan.DBecausetheylosesightoftheiroriginalpurpose.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Howtosetalongtermgoal. B.Thewaytorealizeyouraim.C.Thebenefitsoffixingontheprocess. D.Howtoshiftyourfocusfromgoaltoprocess.DAmasterofwords,aliterarygeniusandaphilosopher,RussianauthorLeoTolstoy(18281910)isknownbymanyasthegreatestwriterofalltime.Evenin2020,110yearsafterhisdeath,histwogreatestmasterpieces,WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina,continuetobewidelyread,appreciatedandhighlyinfluential.“Iftheworldcouldwritebyitself,itwouldwritelikeTolstoy,”theRussianauthorIsaakBabeloncesaid.Tolstoy’srealisticfictionisfamousforitspowersofobservationandabilitytominethedepthsofhumanconsciousness,suchasthepsychologicalexplorationofamarriedwomaninAnnaKarenina.InWarandPeace,TolstoyalsodescribesRussia’snationalsoulandexpressespublicunitythroughhismanycharacters.Hischaractersfeelalive;theygrow,theychangeandtheystickinthemindsofreaderslongafterthefinalpageisturned.Tolstoy’sinfluenceonliteratureiswithoutparison.Authorsregularlymentionhisnovelsastheirhighestambition,worksthattheycouldonlydreamofwritingthemselves.AmericanwriterFrancisScottcalledTolstoythe“greatestofallnovelists”inhisessay.Hewrote,“fromhisfirstwords,wecanbesureofonethingatanyrate–hereisamanwhoseeswhatwesee,whoproceeds,too,asweareaccustomedtoproceeding,notfromtheoutsideinwardsbutfromtheinsideoutwards.”“Hedefendsfundamentalvaluessuchaslove,friendshipandfamilyrelations.Hegivespositiveanswerstothequestionsmankindisasking.Inthissensehegivesmorehope,”Tolstoy’sgreatgreatgrandson,VladimirIlyichTolstoy,said.Tolstoy’smessageofpeacehasevenhadaneffectontherealworld.HeinspiredtheleaderofIndia’sindependencemovement,MahatmaGhandi,andhisphilosophyofnonviolenceoverthecourseofayearinwhichtheywroteletterstoeachother.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphintendtotellus?A.ThewritingstyleofTolstoy.B.Tolstoy’sinfluenceonotherauthors.C.ThecharactersinTolstoy’sworks.D.TheintroductiontothegreatestworksofTolstoy.13.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTolstoyaccordingtothepassage?A.Humorousandcaring.B.Determinedandoptimistic.C.Productiveandhardworking.D.Insightfulandpeaceloving.14.HowdoestheauthorintroduceTolstoyinthispassage?A.Bycontrastingwithotherauthors.B.Byanalyzingcharacteristicsofhisworks.C.Byquotingmentsandopinions.D.Bydescribinghisdeedsinlife.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TolstoyandHisWorksB.Tolstoy’sLifeandAchievementsC.WarandPeace:aGreatMasterpieceD.Tolstoy:aWriterBeyondparison第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theconvenienceplasticoffershasledtoathrowawayculturethatrevealsthematerial’sdarkside.Manyofitsproducts,suchasplasticbagsandfoodwrappers,haveaservicelifeofmereminutestohours.____16____Plastichasbeenthebiggestthreattooceanlifefordecades.Sunlight,windandwaveactionbreakdownplasticwastetoacertainextent,butitonlysucceedsinreducingittosmallerpieces.____17____Theyspreadthroughoutthewaterandhavebeenfoundineverycorneroftheglobe,affectingnearly700species,includingendangeredones.____18____Theyrangefrombirdstofishandtoothermarineanimals.Mostofthedeathstothemarecausedbystarvation.Smallpiecesofplastichavebeenfoundinmorethan100marinespecies,includingfish,shrimp,andsomeseashells.Inmanycases,thesetinybitspassthroughtheirstomachs.____19____Stomachssopackedwithplasticreducetheurgetoeat,makingthemdieeventually.Testshavealsoconfirmedcelldamageandtroublewithanimals’reproductivesystemscausedbyplasticeating.Somespecies,suchasoysters,producefewereggsiftheywronglytaketoomuchplastic.Fortunately,solutionsarebeingfound.Manyscientistsagreethetoppriorityistopreventplasticwastefromenteringriversandseas.____20____Betterproductdesignalsoshouldbetakenintoaccount,aswellasthereductioninproducingunnecessarysingleuseplasticproducts.A.Nearlyeveryspeciesofseabirdeatsplastics.B.Thismakesplasticwasteevenhardertonotice.C.Millionsofanimalsarekilledbyplasticeveryyear.D.Somepieceshaveevenbeenfoundblockingtheirorgans.E.Halfofallplasticseverproducedhavebeenmadeinthelast15years.F.Itcouldbedonewithimprovedwastemanagementsystemsandrecycling.G.However,theymayremainintheenvironmentforhundredsofyearsandcausealotofharm.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Alittlegirlhasbeefamousinherneighborhoodafterdrawingmessagesofhopeonherfamily’sgaragedoorduringlockdown(疫情封閉).MomoftwoChristinehasbeenlettinghersixyearolddaughterEilidhturntheirblackshinygaragedoorintoa____21____artprojectwithchalk.TwiceaweeksinceApril2020,Eilidhhasletherimaginationrun____22____,coveringthespacewithmermaids,dolphins,Spiderman,anddinosaurs.Shehasthisweek____23____itwitharainbow,flowers,andsome____24____words.Eilidhhasalittlewoodenchairshecanstandontohelpher____25____higherup,andherartistmomgivesher____26____withthingssheneeds.Herdrawingscametopeople’s____27____,andanadmiringfanclubhasbegunleavingboxesofchocolatesontheirdoorstep.____28____momChristinesaid:“Whateveresintoherheadshedrawsit____29____.Itcouldbequite____30____.Itdependsonwhatishappeningaroundher.Sheisjustdrawingoutsidetomakepeople____31____.”Christinehasalready____32____onebroom(掃帚)bycleaningthegarage.Whenitrains,thechalkiswashedaway,andEilidhstartsagain____33____onthenextdryday.Eilidhisnowlovingbeingbackat____34____aslockdowninBritaineases.Andonethingisforsure–thislittlegirlisnodoubtsuperiorinher____35____classes.21.A.formal B.useful C.colorful D.neat22.A.strange B.wild C.mad D.funny23A.illustrated B.cleaned C.repaired D.performed24.A.lucky B.encouraging C.awful D.careful25.A.extend B.hold C.climb D.reach26.A.ahand B.alift C.asmile D.aword27.A.assistance B.attention C.discovery D.impression28.A.Ambitious B.Fortunate C.Proud D.Puzzled29.A.reasonably B.cautiously C.amusingly D.vividly30.A.reliable B.random C.interesting D.surprising31.A.devoted B.occupied C.curious D.happy32.A.wornout B.triedout C.broughtin D.givenaway33.A.withpatience B.insurprise C.outofcuriosity D.forleisure34.A.home B.neighborhood C.school D.work35.A.language B.art C.science D.physics第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Electricvehiclesarebetterfortheclimatethangaspoweredcars,butmanyAmericansarestillhesitanttobuythem.Onereason:thelargerupfrontcost(前期成本).Newdata____36____(publish)Thursdayshowsthatdespitethehigherstickerprice,electriccarsmayactuallysavedriversmoneyinthelongrun.Toreachthis____37____(conclude),ateamattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologycalculatedboththecarbondioxideemissions____38____fulllifetimecost–includingpurchaseprice,maintenanceandfuel–fornearlyeverynewcarmodelonthemarket.Theyfoundelectriccarswere____39____(easy)moreclimatefriendlythangasburningones.Overalifetime,theywereoften____40____(cheap),too.Climatescientistssayvehicleelectrificationisoneofthebestways____41____(reduce)planetwarminggreenhousegasemissions.IntheUnitedStates,thetransportationsectoristhelargestsourceofemissions,mostof____42____efromcarsandtrucks.JessikaTrancik,____43____associateprofessorofenergystudiesatM.I.T.wholedtheresearch,____44____(say)thedatawould“helppeoplelearnabouthowthoseupfrontcostsarespreadoverthelifetimeofthecar.”Forelectriccars,lowercostsofmaintenanceandchargingpared____45____gasolinepricestendtooffset(抵消)thehigherupfrontpriceovertime.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你校將在端午節(jié)期間組織一次去敬老院的志愿者活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)給你校外國(guó)留學(xué)生寫一個(gè)通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡相應(yīng)位置作答。第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。OnabeautifulThursdayofthisApril,AmyandAlanGreentooktheirdaughterAbbeyoutforawalkintheneighborhood.Ontheirwayback,