閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

閱讀了解解題技巧之StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails細(xì)節(jié)了解題第1頁(yè).主旨大意作者意圖、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度細(xì)節(jié)了解猜測(cè)詞義推理判斷11112531925211313項(xiàng)目數(shù)量年份第2頁(yè)Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen______.

A.theyoffertheirhelpB.theyreceiveothers’helpC.theyfeelothers’kindnessD.theyshowtheirweaknessA年廣東

快速定位：在題干找定位詞1第3頁(yè)解題思緒：怎樣快速地找答案？1.定位信息點(diǎn)－－經(jīng)過尋讀法，用題干中關(guān)鍵詞（包含專有名詞、數(shù)詞、實(shí)體名詞、形容詞、副詞，以及這些詞同義詞）在文中搜索，快速確定相關(guān)詞句或信息點(diǎn)所在位置，縮小閱讀范圍。注意：文章中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)專有名詞是全文描述對(duì)象中心，沒有唯一出處，所以不能算是定位詞。

2.排除字眼相同或相近但意思相悖選項(xiàng)，正確選項(xiàng)與原文意思相同但表示不一樣。

第4頁(yè)Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause________.A.hehasasoftheartB.hereliesmuchonothersC.somepeoplepretendtobekind.D.somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers鞏固練習(xí)1D年廣東第5頁(yè)Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob,theauthor_________.A.participatedinmanydiscussionsB.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsC.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkD.facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates鞏固練習(xí)2survivaltests生存測(cè)試年廣東D第6頁(yè)WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.

Whywastheauthor’smotherpoorlyserved?

A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.

B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.

C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.

D.Shewasnotverypolite.

年廣東A快速定位：找題干定位詞2第7頁(yè)解題思緒：題干設(shè)計(jì)有時(shí)候會(huì)避開原文中所用詞匯，而用其同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或同根詞設(shè)題。做這類題目時(shí)，考生需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行加工處理，然后再進(jìn)行深入推理或判別，這是介于事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間一個(gè)題型，對(duì)考生來說有一定難度。第8頁(yè)Butthekeyissueisreallymoney．Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion．

Accordingtothepassage，

thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis________．

A．technicalissuesB．safetyofthesystem

C．financialproblemsD．maintenanceofrailwaytracks

鞏固練習(xí)年江蘇C第9頁(yè)Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithkindsofharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.快速定位：2.找選項(xiàng)中定位詞B第10頁(yè)Jaekwon’snewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半導(dǎo)體).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure(晶格結(jié)構(gòu))ofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid.“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatthebatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_____.

A.usesasolidsemiconductor

B.willsoonreplacethepresentones

C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltestC第11頁(yè)數(shù)字計(jì)算題解題思緒：數(shù)字計(jì)算題也是近幾年高考中?？純?nèi)容，解答這類試題方法是先來了解文章大意，然后經(jīng)過對(duì)比、分析、計(jì)算等就能夠得出正確答案。第12頁(yè)Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.Adult$25.00Child$12.50Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?A$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$25.00.D.$12.50.B高三模擬第13頁(yè)HowNat’sTwitterFeederWorks:Whenamessageissentto@feedtobyitisreceivedbyamini-computerthatislinkedtothefoodmachine.Whenthemini-computerreceivesthemessage,abellringsandTobycomesrunningoverandsitsinfrontofthefeedingmachine.Nextthemachine’smotorpullsopenatrapdoorwhichreleasesaservingoffood.ThedoggybiscuitsthendropsintoToby'sfoodbowl.FinallyadigitalcameratakesaphotoofhimandsendsitbacktoNatonTwitter-soheknowsTobyhasbeenfed.34.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofhowtheTwitterFeederworks?a.Thebellgoesoff.b.Amessageissentto@feedtoby.c.Themini-computergetsthemessage.d.ThedigitalcameratakesaphotoofTobyandsendsittoNat.e.Themotorstartstoworkandopensthedoortoreleasedogfood.A.a,b,c,e,dB.b,c,e,a,dC.b,c,a,e,dD.c,b,a,d,eC四、排序題第14頁(yè)排列次序題解題思緒：做這種題時(shí)可采取“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一個(gè)事件和最終一個(gè)事件，快速縮小選擇范圍，從而快速選出正確答案。第15頁(yè)In1905,AlbertEinsteinpublishedsomeimportantpapersinaGermanscientificmagazine.Theyincludedoneofthemostimportantscientificdocumentsinhistory.Itexplainedwhatcametobecalledhis“SpecialTheoryofRelativity”.Tenyearslater,heexpandedittoa“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.In1921,hewontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Itwasgiventohimnotforhistheoriesofrelativity,butforhisdiscoveryofthelawofthephotoelectriceffect.AlbertEinsteinleftGermanyin1933.hemovedtotheUnitedStatestocontinuehisresearch.EinsteinbecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesin1940.What’stherightorderofthefollowingeventsaboutAlbertEinstein?aHebecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesbHewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicscHePutforwardhis“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.dHeleftGermanyfortheUnitedStatesAd,b,c,aBd,a,c,bCb,c,d,aDc,b,d,aD鞏固練習(xí)第16頁(yè)綜合檢測(cè)【全國(guó)II】A篇

WhenIwassix,Dadbroughthomeadogoneday,whowascalled“Brownie”,MybrothersandIalllovedBrownieanddiddifferentthingswithher.Oneofuswouldwalkher,anotherwouldfeedher,thentherewerebaths,playingcatchandmanyothergames.Brownie,inreturn,lovedeachandeveryoneofus.Onethingthatmosttouchedmyheartwasthatshewouldgotowhoeverwassickandjustbewiththem.Wealwaysfeltbetterwhenshewasaround.41.WhatwouldBrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?

A.Lookatthemsadly.B.Keepthemcompany.

C.Playgameswiththem.D.Touchthemgently.

B第17頁(yè)小結(jié)：

細(xì)節(jié)了解解題方法

三大法寶：次序標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、定位詞、排除法

1.把握解題次序標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。普通來說隱含題目答案位置與題目標(biāo)次序是一致，這能幫助我們縮小尋找范圍，大大提升效率。

2.經(jīng)過定位詞尋找出題點(diǎn)

經(jīng)過定位詞解題，就是說我們?cè)陂喿x題干時(shí)候快速把題干中有標(biāo)識(shí)意義詞或詞組劃記出來，然后用這個(gè)詞回到原文當(dāng)中定位。

3.排除法

（1）正確選項(xiàng)特征

正確選項(xiàng)即使普通不是原文照搬，不過普通是原文改寫，意思不變。如換一個(gè)同義詞，把否定改為必定，把必定改為否定等。a．張冠李戴：把A事物特點(diǎn)說成是B事物，企圖混同視聽。b.斷章取義：抓住一個(gè)字眼或細(xì)節(jié)做文章，對(duì)作者本意歪曲了解。

c.過分猜測(cè)：文中并沒有出現(xiàn)和選項(xiàng)一致直接信息，選項(xiàng)對(duì)文意進(jìn)行了不切實(shí)際過分猜測(cè)。第18頁(yè)AtraincrashhappenedlateSaturdaywhentrainD301hitTrainD3115nearWenzhouinJiangsuProvince,leavingatleast39peopledeadand192othersinjured.Q:Howmanypersonsweredeadandinjuredintheaccident?A.Atleast39B.192C.About231D.About153綜合檢測(cè)1C第19頁(yè)ButDavid’sbiggestheadacheiswhattodowithhismoney.Eventhoughheearnsalot,hecannotdriveacar,takeoutamortgage,orgetcreditcards.DavidgothisjobwiththeLiverpool-basecompanyfourmonthsago,ayearafterleavingschoolwithsixO-levelsandworkingforatimeinacomputershop.“IgotthejobbecausethepeoplewhorunthefirmknewIhadalreadywrittensomeprograms,”hesaid.Davidspendssomeofhismoneyonrecordsandclothes,andgiveshismother50poundsaweek.Butmostofhissparetimeisspentworking.Q:WhywasDavidabletogetthejobinthecompany?A.Hehaddonewellinallhisexams.B.hehadwrittensomecomputerprograms.C.Hewasgoodatplayingcomputergames.D.Hehadlearnttousecomputersatschool.綜合檢測(cè)2B第20頁(yè)

JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“l(fā)ikeamessagefromabove.”32.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe______..A.thoughtitwasbeautifullywrittenB.wantedtoknowwhatitreallymeantC.decidedtowriteitonawarehousewallD.wantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroomA年高考第21頁(yè)Oneofhismostfamouscontributions,theHippocraticOath,isthefoundationofcontemporarymedicalethics(道德).Amongotherthings,itrequiresaphysiciantoswearthatheorshewillhelpthesick,keeponeselffromintentionalwrong-doingorharm,andkeepsecretallmatterstokeepthedoctor-patientrelationship.34.AllofthefollowingareincludedintheHippocraticOathEXCEPT________.A.helpingpatientsB.keepingoneselffromharmingpatientsC.keepingsecretallmatterstomaintainagoodrelationshipwiththepatientsD.obeyingrulesformodernmedicinepracticeD無中生有ABC第22頁(yè)Thebabywasinareceivingblanketwithhisheadcoveredfor

theshorttripthroughthecoldair-conditionedcorridor.Thebabywas

placedinhismother'sarms,whoeasedtheblanketbacksothatshecould

lookatherchildforthefirsttime.Shetookonelookatherbaby'sfaceandlookedtoherhusbandandgasped,

“Oh,Honey!Look!Hehasyourears!”38.Whatistrueaboutthebaby’smother?A.Sheblamedherhusbandforthebaby’sbigears.B.Shewasthefirsttodiscoverthebaby’slargeears.C.Shesuggestedhavinganoperationonthebabyimmediately.D.Shefoundsomethingsimilarbetweenthebabyanditsfather.D無中生有無中生有茂名二模無中生有第23頁(yè)Thefutureseemedterribleandmanywerewonderingiftheywouldmakeitthroughthestorm.Andthen,Isuddenlysawagirltowhomthestormmeantnothing.Shejustsatonherseatandwasreadingabook.Everythingwithinhersmallworldwascalmandorderly.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewouldreadagain;thenshewouldstraightenherlegs,butworryandfearwerenotinherworld.29．Whichistherightorderofthedescriptionaboutthegirlwhenotherswerescaredhalftodeath?

a．Sheclosedhereyes.

b．Shestraightenedherlegs.

c．Shewentonreading.

d．Shesatonherseatreading.

A．d-a-c-bB．d-c-a-b

C．a(chǎn)-d-b-cD．a(chǎn)-b-c-dA

深圳一模第24頁(yè)1.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidents,murderandwar.Today'sleadingkillers,suchasheartdiseases,cancer,andagingitself,willbecomedistantmemory.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby____.A．diseasesandagingB．a(chǎn)ccidentsandwarC．a(chǎn)ccidentsandagingD．heartdiseaseandwarA第25頁(yè)3.Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.HewasseriouslyillB.Hewasadishonestboy.C.HewascrazyaboutmagicD.HewasDr.Epstein'spatientA2013年高考第26頁(yè)4.HisdogTobygetssomedeliciousdogbiscuitsfromacomputer-controlledfoodmachinewheneverNatsendsamessageto“@feedtoby”.Natoftenworksawayfromhomeandisn’talwaysabletofeedTobybyhand.ButhisnewinventionallowsNattofeedhisdogfromanywhereintheworld.（廣州一模）31.Nathasinventedahigh-techwaytofeedhisdogbecausehe__________.A.wantshisfriendstofeedTodyB.hasverystrongcomputingskillsC.isoftentoobusytofeedhisdogD.doesn’tliketofeedTodybyhandC第27頁(yè)（廣州一模）5.Inthestu