Unit-7-The-Call-of-the-Wild市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

ExtensivereadingUnit7Book1TheCalloftheWildbyJackLondon1/53LearningobjectivesInthisunityouwill:befamiliarwithJackLondonandhisworksgetsomeknowledgeoftheKlondikeGoldRushappreciatethelanguageandwritingskillinthisnoveltakeatestonfastreadinglearntoguessmeaningsofwordsfromcontext2/53Unitoverview

Pre-readingdiscussionBackgroundinformationTextanalysisPost-readingdiscussionExercisesReadingskillsRelatedinformation3/53Pre-readingdiscussionHowdoyouunderstandtheword“call”inthetitle?HowdoesTheCalloftheWildpresentthehuman-dogrelationship?4/53Backgroundinformation5/53JackLondon(1876—1916)JackLondonwasthemostpopularnovelistandshortstorywriterofhisday.Hewrotepassionatelyandprolificallyaboutthegreatquestionsoflifeanddeath,thestruggletosurvivewithdignityandintegrity.6/53JackLondonIn1898,JackLondonwentto

Klondikeforgoldmining.AftersufferingtheSepsis(敗血癥),hisdreamofbeingagoldminerbroken.Atthesametime,hegotplentyofwritingmaterials.Hewovetheseelementalideasintostoriesofhighadventurebasedonhisownfirsthandexperiences.7/53Jack’slifeexperiencesBeingalaborer,factoryworker,oysterpirateontheSanFranciscoBay,memberoftheCaliforniaFishPatrol,sailor,railroadhobo(流浪漢),andgoldprospector,hislifeexperiencescontributedalottohisprolificwritings.TheSailorTheGoldProspectortheRancher8/53JackLondon’sbelief“Iwouldratherbeashesthandust!Iwouldratherthatmysparkshouldburnoutinabrilliantblazethanitshouldbestifledbydry-rot.Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor,everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow,thanasleepyandpermanentplanet.Theproperfunctionofmanistolive,nottoexist.Ishallnotwastemydaysintryingtoprolongthem.Ishallusemytime.”9/53TheCalloftheWildTheCalloftheWild(1903)isaworldfamousanimalstory.SetinAlaskaduringtheKlondikeGoldRushofthelate1890s,Thestoryrecordsthe“decivilization”ofBuckasheanswers“thecallofthewild”,aninherentmemoryofprimitiveoriginstowhichheinstinctivelyresponds.10/53TheCalloftheWildTheCalloftheWildisthefirstandforemoststoryaboutadog,itdisplaysaphilosophicaldepthabsentinmostanimaladventures.“Oldlongingsnomadicleap,“野性沉入長(zhǎng)眠，

Chafingatcustom‘schain;希望終難泯滅，

Againfromitsbrumalsleep擺脫習(xí)慣鎖鏈，Wakenstheferinestrain.”踏入冰雪荒野間。”11/53The

KlondikeGoldRushThe

KlondikeGoldRush(克朗代克淘金熱）wasa

migration

byanestimated100,000prospectorstothe

Klondikeregionofthe

Yukon

innorth-westernCanada

between1896and1899aftergoldwasdiscoveredtherebylocalminersonAugust16,1896.Prespectersascendingthe

ChilkootPass,189812/53The

KlondikeGoldRushKlondikecouldonlybereachedbytheYukonRivereitherupstreamfromitsdelta,downstreamfromitsheadorfromsomewhereinthemiddlethroughitstributaries.Travelingeneralwasmadedifficultbyboththegeographyandclimate.13/53The

KlondikeGoldRushAidsforthetravelerstocarrytheirsuppliesvaried;somehadbroughtdogs,horses,mulesoroxen,whereasothershadtorelyoncarryingtheirequipmentontheirbacksoronsledspulledbyhand.14/53The

KlondikeGoldRushTheeventsoftheKlondikegoldrushrapidlybecameembeddedinNorthAmericanculture,beingcapturedinpoems,stories,photographsandpromotionalcampaignslongaftertheendofthestampede.ThewriterJackLondonincorporatedscenesfromthegoldrushintohisnovelssetintheKlondike,includingTheCalloftheWild,anovelaboutasledgedog.15/53Textanalysis16/53DeterminingthemainideaThemainideaofthetextisthat______.itwasnoteasyforBuck,adogfromthesouth,toliveinthenorthBuck,adogfromthesouth,begantolearnlessonfromthehardlifeinthenorthsomepeoplewereevilenoughtostealdogsandsellthemformoneyBuckthedogwasexposedtoharshexperiencesinthenorth17/53While-readingquestionsHowmanypartscanthetextbedividedinto?What’sthemainideaofeachpart?InwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller’splace?WhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck’scomfortablelifeinMr.Miller’shouse?Whatisthe“l(fā)awofclubandfang”?Whatdoesitrepresent?HowisBuckintroducedtoit?18/53TextstructurePartsContentsMainideas11Buck’shappylifebeforehewenttothenorth22—19Onthelongjourney,Buckexperiencedalotofthings.320—31Buck’sfirstdayatDyeaBeach19/53Part1HappylifeinthesouthWhatkindoflifedoesBucklive?InwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller’splace?WhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck’scomfortablelifeinMr.Miller’shouse?

20/53Part1HappylifeinthesouthWhatkindoflifedoesBucklive?Theopeningofthenovelsetsinthesunny,comfortableworldofJudgeMiller’sestate,whereBucklivesinspoiled,lordlycontentment.21/53Part1HappylifeinthesouthInwhataspectwasBuckdifferentfromthedogsinJudgeMiller’splace?Buckwaschiefdog.Buckwasbornhereandhasbeenlivedhere.BuckhasbeenregardedasonefamilymemberandenjoyedthelifewiththeJudgeMillerfamily.

22/53Part1HappylifeinthesouthWhatisthefunctionofthedetaileddescriptionofBuck’scomfortablelifeinMr.Miller’shouse?Toformasharpcontrastbetweentwoworlds:thesunny,comfortableworldofJudgeMiller’sestate,andtheharsh,frigidworldoftheKlondike,whereheisdraggedagainsthiswill.23/53Part2OnthejourneyHowcouldManuelleadBuckawayfromtheestate?WhatdidthemaninaredcoattaughtBuck?Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Buckwasbeatenbuthewasnotbroken”?24/53Part2OnthejourneyHowcouldManuelleadBuckawayfromtheestate?WhenBuckwasledoutbyManuel,thegardener,whoneededmoneyforhisbigfamily,hethoughtitwasjustanormaleveningwalk.25/53Part2OnthejourneyWhatdidthemaninaredcoattaughtBuck?Bucklearnedthathestoodnochanceagainstamanwithaclub.26/53Part2OnthejourneyHowdoyouunderstandthesentence“Buckwasbeatenbuthewasnotbroken”?OutwardlyBuckwasnowinamiserableshapeandcondition,butinwardlyhemaintainedhisfirmnessandsteadiness.27/53

Part3Lifeinthenorth

WhydidBuckhateSpitz？Whatisthe“l(fā)awofclubandfang”?Whatdoesitrepresent?HowisBuckintroducedtoit?CanyouusesomewordstodescribeBuck?28/53

Part3Lifeinthenorth

WhydidBuckhateSpitz?StoleBuck’sfoodKeptlaughingwhenCurlydied29/53

Part3Lifeinthenorth

Whatisthe“l(fā)awofclubandfang”?Whatdoesitrepresent?Itreferstothatman,havingthegreaterforce,isthemaster.TheweakmustsubmitandservethewilloftheconquerororbekilledStrength,notjustice,isthecentralvalue.30/53

Part3Lifeinthenorth

HowisBuckintroducedtoit?Bucklearnsthislessonfromtwoevents.Thefirstoneteacheshimaboutthepowerofviolenceandabouttheneedtogiveinwhenthreatenedbyasuperiorforce.BucklearnsthelawofthefangwhenhearrivesinCanadaandwatchesoneofhisfellowdogs,afemaledognamedCurly,torntopiecesbyapackofhuskies.31/53

Part3Lifeinthenorth

CanyouusesomewordstodescribeBuck?Intelligent—understandtoobeyamanwithaclub;learntosledwellquicklyRebellious—reactingtothekidnapHardworking—enjoyedhisworkStrong32/53Relatedinformation33/53MajorthemesThefollowingthemesareevidentinthestory:AdaptionAdventureConflictCourageanddeterminationDeathInterdependenceLeadershipSurvivalNature’sunpredictability34/53InfluenceofCharlesDarwin’sandFriedrichNietzsche’stheoriesDarwin,thefoundingfatherofevolutiontheory,taughtthatlifeinthenaturalworldconsistedofaconstantstruggleforsurvival,inwhichonlythestrongcouldthriveandproduceoffspring.This“survivalofthefittest,”asHerbertSpencer,anEnglishphilosopher,termedit,wastheenginethatdroveevolution.TheworldthatLondoncreatesinTheCalloftheWildoperatesstrictlyaccordingtoDarwinistprinciplesinitsbrutalityandamorality—onlythefitsurviveinthecruellandscapeoftheKlondike.35/53influenceofCharlesDarwin’sandFriedrichNietzsche’stheoriesNietzschewasaGermanphilosopherwhopreachedthedoctrineofthe“willtopower”asthedrivingforcebehindsociety.Moralconsiderationsweremeaningless,hedeclared,andallmembersofhumanitywereeithermasters,driventodominateothers,orslaves,driventosubmit.Londontransposesthisschemetotheanimalworld,usingNietzscheanlanguagerepeatedlytodescribeBuck'squesttoachievemasteryanddominionoverhisenemies.36/53Post-readingdiscussionWhatroledoMercedes,Hal,andCharlesplayinthenovel?Howdotheyfunctionasembodimentsoftheworstsideofcivilization?ComparetherolesofJohnThorntonandJudgeMiller.Who,fromthenovel’spointofview,isthebettermaster?Defendyouranswer.Whatisthe“callofthewild”?HowdoesitaffectBuck'sbehaviorthroughoutthenovel?37/53Readingskills38/53GuessingMeaningsofWordsfromContext(I)ConceptSynonymclues

Antonymclues39/53ConceptContext

heremeanswords,phrases,orsentencessurroundingawordandthesituationinwhichitisused.Whenyoucomeacrossanewwordinyourreading,beforelookingitupinadictionary,veryoftenyoucanguessitsmeaningfromitscontext.Thereareoftenspecificwords(contextclues)inasentenceorparagraphthatcanhelpyoudeterminethemeaningofanunfamiliarword.40/53SynonymcluesSynonyms

arewordsorphrasesthataresimilarinmeaningtootherwords.Asentencewithadifficultwordoftencontainsamorefamiliarwordtomakeiteasytounderstand.Youmayrecognizesomesynonymsbecausetheyaresetapartbycommas,dashes,orparentheses.Usually,asynonymcontextclueappearstobeofthesamepartofspeechasthenewword.41/53SynonymcluesForexample:

Thehullabaloo

expressespeople'shighspiritsatholidaytime.Manyyearsago,however,theloudnoisesweremeanttoscareawaytheevilspirits,thusgivingthenewyearafreshstart.“Hullabaloo”

isanouninthesentence.Thephrasethathasthesamemeaningandpartofspeechis

“l(fā)oudnoises”.So“l(fā)oudnoises”isasynonymcontextclueto“hullabaloo”.

42/53AntonymcluesAntonyms

arewordsorphrasesthathaveoppositemeaningstootherwordsorphrases.Recognizingthatcertainwordswhichoftensignalanantonymcluecanhelpyouunderstandnewwords.Wordsorphraseslike“or”,“but”,“while”,“asopposedto”,and“ontheotherhand”oftensignalantonymclues.43/53AntonymcluesForexample:

LindamanagesmoneyjudiciouslywhileImanagemoneyunwisely.Theword“while”signalstheantonym“unwisely”youcanreasonthat“unwisely”

istheoppositeof“judiciously.”

thus,“judiciously”

means“unwisely”.44/53PracticeA．Determinethemeaningofeachitalicizedwordbyidentifyingitspartofspeechandlocatingitssynonym.B.Locatethewordorphrasethatsignalstheantonymclueandunderlineit.Thenunderlinetheantonymclue.Finally,selectthebestmeaningfortheitalicizedword.45/53PracticeA1.NewYear’sDayisthoughtofasagoodtimetomakeNewYear’sresolutions—thedecisionstodobetterintheyearjustbeginningthanyoudidintheyearthatjustended.

resolutions

isa(an)_____.

Itmeans

________.noundecisions46/53PracticeA2.Makesure,too,thatthecostofyourhobbydoesnotgobeyondyourbudgetoryourestimatedincomeandexpense.budgetisa(an)_____.Itmeans_____