高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-worl

必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld1/59關(guān)鍵單詞celebrationcelebrate1．____________n．慶賀；祝賀→________vt.慶賀；祝賀2．________vi.&vt.(使)餓死；餓得要死→____________n．餓死starvestarvationorigin3．________n．起源；由來；起因→__________adj.原始→___________vi.起源于originaloriginate4．___________adj.宗教上；信仰宗教；虔誠→___________n．宗教religiousreligion2/59beliefbelievebelievablearrivalarrive5．________n．信任；信心；信仰→________vt.相信→___________adj.可相信；可信任gain6．________n．到來；抵達；抵達者→________v．抵達7．________vt.取得；得到independence8．_____________n．獨立；自主→_____________adj.獨立；自主independentgather9．________vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集10．___________n．農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝；農(nóng)學(xué)→___________adj.農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝agricultureagricultural3/5911．________n．獎；獎品vt.授予；判定award12．_______vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕→_________adj.贊賞→________n．喜愛者；贊賞者admireadmirable13．________adj.充滿活力；精力充沛；主動→________n．能量admirerenergeticenergy14．______________n．許可；允許→_________vt.允許→____________adj.可允許permissionpermit15．___________vi.道歉；辯白→________n．歉意16．________vt.&vi.淹沒；溺死；淹死permissibleapologizeapologydrown4/59sadnesssadobviousobviously17．________n．悲傷；悲傷→________adj.悲傷18．___________adj.顯著；顯而易見→____________adv.顯著地wipeweepremind19．________vt.擦；揩；擦去20．________vi.哭泣；流淚n．哭；哭泣21．________vt.提醒；使想起→________n．引發(fā)回想事物/人reminderforgiveforgiveness22．_______vt.原諒；饒恕→____________n．寬?。辉?/59placememorydressplaytrick?？级陶Z1．take________發(fā)生2．in________of紀(jì)念；追念3．________up穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾4．________a________on搞惡作劇；詐騙；開玩笑5．________forwardto期望；期待；期望6．________and________日夜；晝夜；整天7．________though好像lookdaynightas6/59havefunturn8．________________with玩得開心9．________up出現(xiàn)；到場10．________one's________守信用；推行諾言11．________one'sbreath屏息；屏氣12．________off出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸13．________...of...使……想起……keepwordholdsetremind7/59wasdifficulttofind

經(jīng)典佳句

1．Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffood_______________________________，especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那個時代，假如難以找到食物，人們就會挨餓，尤其是在寒冷冬季。coveredwith

2．Thecountry,_________________cherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.整個國度處處是盛開櫻花，看上去就像覆蓋了一層粉紅色雪。8/59fellinlove

3．WhileshewasonearthshemettheherdboyNiulangandthey________________________.她在人間時，碰到了牧童牛郎，隨即他們相愛了。 4．Ashesadlypassedtheteashoponthecorner________________________________，heheardavoicecallinghim.回家路上，當(dāng)他難過地途經(jīng)拐角處茶館時，他聽到有些人叫他。onhiswayhome9/59

Thereareallkindsoffestivalsand1.__________(celebration)aroundtheworld,whichareheldfordifferent2.________(reason)．Theancientfestivalsweremainly3.________(hold)fortheendofcoldweather,4.________(plant)inspringandharvestinginautumn.Somefestivalsareheld5.__________(honor)thedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelporto6.________harm.Whilesomeotherfestivalsareheldtohonorfamouspeople,suchasDragonBoatFestivalandColumbusDay.HarvestandThanksgivingfestivalsarehappyeventsbecause課文回顧celebrationsreasonsheldplantingtohonordo10/59gatheredagriculturaltoastheirfoodis7._________(gather)forthewinterandthe8.____________(agriculture)workisover.Andthemostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforward9.________theendofwinterandtothecomingofspring,such10.________theLunarNewYear,atwhichpeoplehaveaverygoodtime.11/59

單句語法填空 1．(年天津卷·閱讀了解A)Ifyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinane-mail，itisbestto___________(apology)inaseriousmanner.apologizegainsforgave

2．Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Small________(gain)bringgoodwealth.” 3．Thismorningmyclassmate__________(forgive)meforwhatIhadsaidlastnight.12/59

4．Ialwaysholdthe________(believe)thatheisanhonestfellow.toadmireisawarded

5．It'sagoodfeelingforpeople____________(admire)theShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthempleasure. 6．TheNobelPrize____________(award)tothosewhomakegreatcontributionsinmanyfieldseveryyear. 7．Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedasreferencebooks________themagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.

beliefwhile13/59beingtakenoffenergetic

8．Thekidislookingforwardto_____________(take)tothezoothisweekend. 9．Ifuncontrolled，theshortagewouldset________anewriseinmeatprices. 10．Weneedtobemore_____________(energy)inparticipatinginsocialactivities.14/591．starvevi.&vt.(使)餓死；餓得要死starvefor渴望；期望starvetodosth.渴望做某事bestarvedof/for急需；(使)匱乏starvetodeath餓死starvationn．饑餓15/59【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】表示“渴望做某事”還有以下表示方法：longtodo/forsth.beeagertodo/forsth.beanxiousabout/for/todosth.利用單句語法填空(1)Iam________(starve)forasightoftheseainFinland.(2)Theengine_________________(starve)of/forpetrolandcouldn'tstart.starvingwasstarvedto

(3)Hewouldratherstarve________deaththanshamelesslybegforhislife.16/592．a(chǎn)wardn．獎；獎品vt.授予；判定awardsb.sth./awardsth.tosb.給予或授予某人某物辨析award和reward

(1)award做動詞時，指正式頒發(fā)、授予、給予等。慣用短語：beawardedforsth.因某事而受獎勵。 (2)reward做動詞時，意為“報答；報償；獎賞”。慣用短語：rewardsb.withsth.用某物酬報某人；做名詞時，意為“賞金、酬金”，慣用短語inrewardfor...作為……報答。rewardingadj.值得；有酬勞。17/59beingawardedtorewardwithrewarding利用單句語法填空

(1)After________________(award)thefirstprize,heexpressedthathewouldcontinue__________(reward)peopleandsociety________hishardwork. (2)Shefoundherjobinterestingand____________(reward)．18/593．a(chǎn)dmirevt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕admiresb./sth.(forsth.)(因某事物)贊賞/欽佩/羨慕某人/物inadmirationof贊賞；觀賞【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】admirableadj.值得贊揚；令人欽佩admirationn．贊美；贊賞；欽佩利用單句語法填空(1)Iadmireyou________yourhonesty.(2)ThevisitorstoNewYorkall_________________(admire)thetallbuildings.foradmired/admirein(3)Shepaused________admirationofthebeautifulview.19/594．permissionn．允許；許可withone'spermission在某人允許下askforpermission請求許可【名師指津】permitvt.允許；許可n．許可證permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事20/59permittedpermissiontotake利用單句語法填空

(1)(年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷·閱讀了解C)Thegovernmenthasalready___________(permit)thecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly. (2)Withyour_____________(permit),Iwillcarryouttheprojectassoonaspossible. (3)Sheaskedhowtoapplyforalibrarycard,whichwillpermither___________(take)booksoutregularly.21/591．dressup穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾dressupforsth.為某事而穿盛裝dresssb.upas...把某人打扮成……辨析dress,puton,wear和haveon

(1)dress是及物動詞，慣用結(jié)構(gòu)有：dresssb./oneself給某人穿衣或自己穿衣服；bedressedin...穿著(衣服或顏色)，表示狀態(tài)。 (2)puton賓語只能是衣物，強調(diào)動作。 (3)wear賓語只能是衣物、鞋、帽、首飾等，慣用于進行時。 (4)haveon賓語是衣物之類，表示穿著狀態(tài)，無進行時。22/59Dressedonup利用單句語法填空

(1)__________(dress)ingreen,shelooksmorebeautiful. (2)Heput________hisraincoatandsoondisappearedintherain. (3)Theyalldressed________totakepartintheNewYear'sparty.23/592．remind...of...使……想起……remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.aboutsth.提醒某人某事remindthat-clause使想起/記起……remindern．起提醒作用東西【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事24/59remindertoabout利用單句語法填空

(1)Thisphotoalbumservesasa___________(remind)oftheimportantmomentsofmylife. (2)Youmustremindhim________takehismedicineincaseheforgets. (3)I'dliketoremindyou________yourappointmenttomorrowmorning.25/593．takeplace發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；舉行；進行takesecondplace其次taketheplace(of)取代；代替【寫作佳句】Allowittotakeplace,knowingthatallhelpisavailabletoyou.允許它發(fā)生，要知道全部幫助都是為了你。Majorchangesaretakingplaceinsociety.社會正發(fā)生著重大變革。26/59辨析takeplace,happen和occur

(1)takeplace指按意圖或計劃“發(fā)生”，無偶然性，無被動語態(tài)。 (2)happen其“發(fā)生”帶有意外和偶然性；慣用短語：sth.happenedtosb.某人發(fā)生了某事；另外作“恰巧”講時，常用短語happentodosth.恰巧做某事。happen無被動語態(tài)。 (3)occur是較正式用語，可用于詳細或抽象事物，通常指按計劃或規(guī)律在較為確定時間發(fā)生事，指詳細事物時可與happen交換。27/59havetakenplacehappensto利用完成句子，每空一詞

(1)我國改革開放以來發(fā)生了很大改變。 Greatchanges________________________inourcountrysincetheReformandOpening-uppolicy. (2)萬一他有什么事，請通知我。 Ifanything____________________him,letmeknow.28/594．inmemoryof紀(jì)念；追念memoryn．記憶；記憶力memorizev．記憶；記住memorableadj.值得紀(jì)念；難忘【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】inhonorof對……表示敬意infavourof贊同inchargeof負責(zé)inpossessionof占有29/59利用完成句子，每空一詞(1)他寫了一首詩歌來紀(jì)念他摯友。Hewroteapoem________________________hisclosefriend.inmemoryof(2)據(jù)發(fā)覺，這些文件保留在一位老工人手里。Anoldworkerwasfound____________________________thepapers.inpossessionof(3)我們慶賀母親節(jié)是對母親表示敬意。WecelebrateMother'sDay________________________ourmother.inhonorof30/59原句1Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那個時代，如果難以找到食物，人們就會挨餓，尤其是在嚴寒冬季。 bedifficulttofind意為“極難找到”。“sb./sth.be＋adj.＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不定式主動形式表示被動意義。假如后面動詞是不及物動詞，則要加上適當(dāng)介詞或副詞。

注意：類似easy,hard,difficult,fit,heavy,nice,unfit,good,interesting等形容詞在句中做表語或補語時，后面不定式慣用主動形式表示被動意義。31/59notdifficulttogetalongwith利用完成句子，每空一詞

(1)他只是脾氣急躁些，并不難相處。 He'sabitquick-tempered,but________________________________________________. (2)人們需要買珍貴物品時要用很多錢，帶著金銀就太沉重了。heavytocarry

Goldandsilverwere________________________whenpeopleneededalotofcoinstobuysomethingexpensive.32/59原句2ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很顯著，咖啡店老板在等著李方離開…… “Itwasobviousthat...”后接一個主語從句，其中it做形式主語。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有： Itisclear/necessary/important/strange/natural/...＋that從句(從句慣用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”) Itisapity/ashame/nowonder/...＋that從句(從句慣用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”) Itissaid/believed/reported/expected/known/...＋that從句33/59

注意：句型“Itis/was＋adj.＋that從句”中形容詞有時可用對應(yīng)副詞替換，此時副詞做評注性狀語。利用單句語法填空ItObviously

(1)________isobviousthattheydon'twanttospendtoomuchmoney. ＝___________(obvious),theydon'twanttospendtoomuchmoney.shouldhavelied(2)Itwasashamethathe_________________(lie)tous.(3)It_____________(believe)thatitistheearliestandlargestancientpaper-makingworkshopsite.isbelieved34/59原句3Somefestivalsareheldtohonorthedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.有些節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先們有可能回到世上(給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。 either...or...意為“(對兩個事物選擇)要么……要么……；不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，慣用來連接兩個平行成份。

注意：由either...or...連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與最靠近主語保持一致。即遵照“就近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。類似使用方法還有：neither...nor...;notonly...butalso...;not...but...等。35/59利用

單句語法填空(1)Eitheryouacceptthedecisions________yougetout.(2)EitherheorI________(be)togotothelaboratory.amor36/59

利用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識，補充完整下面短文，并背誦下來 Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportanteventsandtheytakeplacein1.__________(difference)timesoftheyear.TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChinatocelebratethearrivaloflunarnewyear.Itisthetime2.________thereunionofthefamilymembers.OntheSpringFestivalEve,3.___________(dress)upinbeautifulnewclothes,4.___________(family)gettogetherandhaveabigmeal.Childrenarelookingforwardtodifferentfordressedfamilies37/59beinggivenoffmosttraditionalappear

5._____________(give)luckymoneyforgoodluck.Inmanyplacespeopleliketoset6.________fireworksdayandnight.Dumplings,the7._________________(traditional)food,often8.__________(appeared)onthetable.Peoplewearnewclothesandhavefun9.________eachother.Sometimes,theyevenplayatrickon10.________(them)friendsandrelatives.withtheir38/59閱讀了解(七)閱讀了解四大題型之推理判斷題(1)：1．綜合推理判斷題

綜合推理判斷題是經(jīng)過文章提供多處已知信息得出未知結(jié)論，或由文章中某一細節(jié)或某一描述方式推導(dǎo)出答案題型。要求考生綜合考慮上下文，經(jīng)過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思。常見提問方式有：39/59Whatwould...dointheend?Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthat________.Wecaninfer(conclude)fromthepassagethat________.

做這類題時經(jīng)常要縱覽全文，把握作者寫作思緒(如文章可能按事件發(fā)展經(jīng)過描寫，也可能按因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系來敘述)。【例】Ihadbeenfollowingtheyellowish-greenmarkersfora“popularandeasy”three-mileout-and-backhike(遠足)．Immediatelyafterthetrailhead,thetrail(小徑)becameveryrockyandsteep.Buthavingreadaboutthehike,Iknewwithinfiveminutes,Iwassupposedtoreachthehike'sfirstoverlook.40/59

However,theoverlookneverarrived.Instead,Ifoundmyselflostinthewoods.Pullingoutmycellphone,Isawitread“noservice”．IcheckedthelasttextmessageI'dsenttomymom.Itread,“Conferenceended...goingforasmallhikebeforemyflighthomethisafternoon.”Iputmyphoneawayandkeptmovingandyelling,“Help!Isanybodyoutthere？”Everysooften,I'dstoptolisten,butIneverheardareply.

Igotoutmyphoneagain.Thebatterywasrunningoutfastasitsearchedforasignal.IstruggledtofindaplacewhereIcouldgetservice.WhenIdid,Icalledmymom.Itwentthrough!Inashakyvoice,Isaid,“Mom？”Andthenthecalldropped.Morethan41/59

1,500milesaway,mymominstantlyknewsomethingwaswrong.ShecalledtheDenverPoliceDepartmentandwasdirectedtotheU．S.ForestService.ThiswashowIwasintroducedtoJohn,anoperatorfromtheU.S.ForestService.FollowingJohn'sinstructiononthephone,Ifinallyescapedfromthewoods.Ibreathedasighofrelief.Thenmyphonerang,anditwasJohn,makingsureIwasstillgoingintherightdirection.“Bytheway，”hesaid,“we'vehadyourmotheronholdthiswholetime.Soonceyougetdownthemountain,youwillabsolutelywanttogiveheracall.”42/5927．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Johncametothewoodsfortheauthor.B．Theauthor'smomwasonlinewaiting.C．Johnlosttouchwiththeauthor'smom.D．Theauthorwentinthewrongdirection.解析：B推理判斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“we'vehadyourmotheronholdthiswholetime”可知，接線員們讓“我”媽媽一直在線等候；據(jù)此能夠判斷，B項正確。43/59(年東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體高考模擬二)TheBritishMuseumWhat'son

AlthoughmanypartsofAsiahavelongbeenconnectedthroughtradealongSilkRoadandsharedreligioussystems,therearestrongregionaldifferences.Inadditiontovariouslanguages,Asiahasdevelopeditsculturalnetworks,patternsofgovernment,technologyandstylesofartisticrepresentation.44/59

ThediverseculturallifeofAfricahasbeenexpressedthrougheverydaycookingobjectsanduniqueworksofartsinceancienttimes.TheMuseum'scollectionofover200,000Africanitemsincludesarchaeologicalandcontemporarymaterialsfromacrossthecontinent.

TheIronAgewasatimeofbigchangeforthepeopleofBritainandEurope.Ironreplacedbronzeasthematerialusedtomaketoolsandweaponswhilereligionart,dailylife,economicsandpoliticschangedgreatly.45/59

Admissionandopeningtimes

TheMuseumisfreeandopendaily10：00－17：30exceptFridayandisopenuntil20：30onFridays,exceptGoodFriday.TheMuseumisopeneverydayexceptfor24,25and26Decemberand1January.

Museumshops Bookshop

Monday－Thursday10：00－17：30Friday10：00－20：00Saturday10：30－17：30Sunday10：00－17：3046/59

CollectionshopMonday－Thursday09：30－17：30Friday09：30－20：00Saturday09：30－17：30Sunday10：00－17：30GettinghereBytubeNearestundergroundstations：TottenhamCourtRoad(500m)Holborn(500m)RussellSquare(800m)GoodgeStreet(800m)BybusBusesthatstopneartheMuseum:1,8,19，X25,38,55,98,24247/59BycarTheMuseumlieswithinthecongestion(擁堵)chargezone.Thereislittleon-streetparkingnearby.ThenearestcarparktotheMuseumislocatedatBloomsburySquare.ThereislimitedparkingintheMuseum'sopenspacefordisabledvisitorsonly.1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．ItisnotconvenienttoparkcarsneartheMuseum.B．TheoldcanparktheircarsintheMuseum'sopenarea.C．TheNo.55busstopisthenearesttotheMuseum.D．Itis500metersfromRussellSquaretotheMuseum.48/59解析：A推理判斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，博物館位于交通擁堵收費區(qū)，而且附近停車位少，所以在博物館附近泊車不方便，故選A。49/592．文章出處推測題

這類題目主要針對那些文體或內(nèi)容較為復(fù)雜文章。在推理判斷前，應(yīng)該注意文章整體特點或主體內(nèi)容，不要被其復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或內(nèi)容所迷惑。推斷文章出處常見提問方式有：Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom________.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof________.50/59

做這類題目時應(yīng)從文章內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處。比如，報紙：時事性比較強，分不一樣版塊，在閱讀中采取報刊類文章普通以政治、生活為主，其在開頭有時會出現(xiàn)日期、地點或通訊社名稱。廣告：語言會比較簡練鮮明、有亮點，以到達宣傳認可作用，因其格式特殊，輕易識別。產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品服用說明會通知服用時間、次數(shù)、藥量等。雜志：包含了生活各個層面，愈加貼近幕后一些東西。廣告類、時事新聞類、娛樂新聞類、影評、應(yīng)用文類通常出現(xiàn)在報紙、雜志、海報等上。說明文通常會在教科書或使用技術(shù)手冊等里面。51/59【例】(年山東濰坊模擬二)Venus,theWildestAdventurein3016!Atriptothemoon,toMars?Youareout.Venus(金星)isyourchoice!Ourspaceshipcarriesyouthereatthespeedoflight!AmazingVenusFactsTemperaturerange:Alwaysabout450degreesCelsius.Greatforbarbecues!Seasons:Noseasons.Alwaysvisitduringbestseason!Gravitystrength:0.91ofEarth'sgravity.Makesyoulighterandmorealivethanever!Water:None.Allboiledaway.52/59Daylength:1day＝243Earthdays.Longestdaysinsolarsystem,sofunneverends!

Rateofturning:0.002km/second.Turnsinoppositedirectionoftheearth,soabletoseesunriseinthewestandsetintheeast.Yearlength:1year＝224.7Earthdaysor0.62ofanEarthyear.Rateofrevolution:35.03km/second.Atmosphere：△Verythick.△96%carbondioxide,3%nitrogen,and0.1%watervapor.△Can'tsupportlife:Suffocatingcarbondioxide,thickcloudsofsulfuricacid,andgasescreategreenhouseeffectsoveryhotandnowater.53/59*YourAccommodations*◎Youwilltravelonahigh-techrocketshipthatwilltransportyoufromEarthtoVenusinamere2.4minutesbytravellingatthespeedoflight.Thistripwillcostonly$750,000.◎Ourtwohotelsareveryluxuriousandaresuperstrong,allowingyoutolieonthegroundwithoutbeingcrushedbythepressureoftheatmosphere.TheyarecalledVenusHeavenandRocketPalace,andthecosttostayisonly$200pernight.You'llgetyourmoney'sworthatthesetwohotels,receivingfreemealseveryday.Tobookatrip,call1-800.54/593．Whichsectionofamagaz