定語從句的翻譯策略Translation-of-Attributive-Clause市公開課特等獎市

TranslationofAttributiveClause基本方法：1.前置法：將英語限制性定語從句翻譯成“”字結構，將其置于被修飾語之前。Tradebarrierisapressingproblemwhichwemustdealwith.Therearerealestatemarkets,foreignexchangemarkets,labormarkets,short-termcapitalmarket,andsoon;theremaybeamarketforanythingthathasaprice.(任何有價值東西都可能有市場）第1頁Itwasfoundthatacountrybenefitsmorebyproducinggoodsitcanmakemostcheaplyandbuyingthosegoodsthatothercountriescanmakeatlowercoststhanbyproducingeverythingitneedswithinitsownborder.第2頁2.后置法：譯成并列分句，重復先行詞；或省略先行詞。Themanagingdirectorreceivedaletterfromherthatannouncedherresignation.Theyhaveworkedoutanewmethodbywhichproductionhasnowbeenrapidlyincreased.第3頁3.溶正當：原句中主語部分與定語從句溶合而譯成一個獨立句子。常見于therebe結構中。FortunatelytherearesomeUSCongressmenwhoaresupportiveofextendingMFNtreatmenttoChina.幸好有些美國國會議員支持延長對華最惠國待遇。第4頁分述翻譯：關系代詞還原，即將它譯成所指代先行詞或重復之；簡化或概括先行詞；主從糅合，重新組合。HewasfirstintroducedtotheemployeesatthewelcomingpartybyhisfriendPeterNewmarkwhowasalreadymanagingdirectorofthecorporation.第5頁Ireceivedtheimpressionofabrutal,clever,competentmanwho,inbusinessmatters,atallevents,wouldbepitiless.

第6頁Tothosevisitorswhocomefromcountrieswheresocialrelationshipsdevelopmoreslowlyduringalongerperiodoftime,theAmericanwaymayseemveryfrightening,toopersonal,andrude.在一些國家，居民社會關系是要長久慢慢培養(yǎng)。習慣了這種情形游客一旦到了美國，可能以為美國人方式很可怕，太注意私人問題，沒有禮貌。第7頁Thesellermustdelivergoodswhichareofthequantity,qualityanddescriptionsrequiredbythecontractandwhicharecontainedorpackedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.第8頁4.帶有狀語功效定語從句翻譯：在意義上與主句有狀語關聯(lián)，如表原因、結果、目標、讓步和假設等關系。Wedidnotplaceanorderwiththatcompanywhoseofferwasnotwhatwehadexpected.第9頁Youshouldbecarefulnottooffendtheforeman,whowouldgiveyouthesackatanytime.Therewassomethingoriginal,independent,andheroicabouttheplanthatpleasedallofthedirectorsoftheboard.Thenewassistant,whohadobtainedanMBAdegree,couldnotdotherightjob,becausehehadnopracticalexperience.即使新來助手取得過工商管理碩士學位，不過因為缺乏實際工作經(jīng)驗，不能勝任工作。第10頁Theyhavebuiltanewcollegehere,wherestudentswillbetrainedtobecomebusinessexecutives.Menbecomedesperateforwork,anywork,whichwillhelpthemtokeepalivetheirfamily.人們極其迫切地需要工作，不論什么工作，只要能夠維持一家人生活就行。

第11頁5.分離式定語從句翻譯：中心語+形容詞短語/介詞短語/謂語/其它成份/插入語+定語從句；中心詞+兩個定語從句.Snow-whitecloth,suitableformakingshirts,thatisproducedinourfactory,hasbeensoldout.Heistheonlyoneinthecompanywhohasn’tobtainedanMBAdegree.他是企業(yè)中唯一沒有取得MBA學位人。第12頁ItistheonlyplacewefindintheUSthatisfreeofviolence.這里是我們在美國所能見到?jīng)]有暴力地方。AfaxhascomefromtheNY-basedheadquarterthatnotifiesa5%discountofftheoriginalprice.Weshouldstrengthenourtieswiththem,onthecontrary,whowillbeveryhelpfultooureconomicconstructions.(若有插入成份，能夠考慮先譯插入語，再譯其它部分）第13頁6.As引導定語從句：句首，句中或句末。Asisverynatural,thebiggestshareholdergetsthegreatestbenefits.最大股東取得最多利益，這是很自然（天經(jīng)地義）。ThepeopleofEuropenexttimewouldnotdothefightingandlettheUScapitalistsdotheprofit-making,astheydidinthefirsttwoworldwars.第14頁Thefactsofsciencearenot,assomethink,dryandlifeless.在否定句中，能夠?qū)s引導定語從句前置，翻譯成漢語“和/與……相反”。Shedidnot,asherfamilyhadfeared,gotoseethestrangeralone.與家人擔心正相反，她沒有獨自去見陌生人。第15頁Exercise1.Theysawtheglimmeringsofthe“neweconomicorder”forwhichmanythirdworldcountrieshavelongbeenclamoring.2.Afteradecadeofrestructuring,thecompanyismakingabelatedattempttoregainasteadyfootholdonitstraditionalstampingground.3.Intheabsenceofaggressivelegislation,thelotterybusinessissuretomushroom,asorganizedgroupsinvadeterritoryheldtodaybysmall-timepioneers.第16頁4.中國既是一個能源消費大國，又是一個能源生產(chǎn)大國。在能源問題上，我們一直主張在平等互利基礎上，加強國際合作，共同應對包含油價高在內(nèi)能源問題。第17頁Texttranslation1.AnewcurrencycalledtheEurowaslaunchedinEurope.ItwillreplaceelevencurrenciesbytheyearsothatelevenEuropeancountrieswillshareacommoneurocurrency.Theeurowillmakeiteasierforthesecountriestotradewitheachotherandforothercountriestotradewiththem.Theeuroislatestinaglobaleconomyofmoneywhichseesfrantictradingofcurrency24hoursaday.Everydaytrillionsofdollarsaremovedaroundtheworldviabanks’computers.Evenasnationssleep,thefiberopticcables,faxandphonelines,andInternetcyberspacehighwaysarehummingwiththetradeinmoney.第18頁2.尊敬各位賓客，女士們，先生們：早上好，很高興參加《財富》論壇，我謹以“中國開