適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)Unit4Meetingthemuse外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit4MeetingthemuseⅠ.閱讀理解AEugeneNewmanParker,aleadingfigureinheliospheric(日球?qū)拥?physicsforthepasthalfcentury,passedawaypeacefullyathishomeinChicagoonMar.15.Hewas94.Hailed(譽(yù)為)asavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.NASAevenstatedthatthefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.In2018,Parkerbecamethefirstlivingscientisttowitnessthelaunchofaspacecraftthatwasnamedinhishonor.Parkerisbestknownforhisgroundbreakingtheoryontheexistenceofaphenomenoncalled“solarwind”,acontinuousstreamofchargedparticlesthatflowoffthesun.Itcanbecomeviolent,causingspaceweatherthatimpactsEarth.WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticism(懷疑)andridiculebythescientificcommunity.Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum(真空),andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.But,therewerenoerrorsinhisstudyorhiscalculations,andthetheorywaslaterproventobecorrectin1962,whenaNASAspacecraftmissiontoVenusrevealedtheconstantpresenceofasupersonicwind—exactlyasParkerhadpredicted.ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:“Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.”Parkerneverco-authoredapaperwithhisstudents,thusurgingthemtobeindependent.Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.HissonEricsaid,“MysisterJoyceandIdidn’tgetarealfeelforwhata‘bigdog’ourdadwasinthefield.”TheygotanevenbettersensewhenamonthafterParker’sdeath,theytraveledtoLund,Sweden,toacceptonhisbehalftheCrafoordPrizeinAstronomy.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.AspacecraftwasnamedinmemoryofParker.B.ThesunhasfewereffectsonEarththanexpected.C.Parkerdeservedcreditforhisgreatcontributions.D.NASAprovidednewinsightsintothelunareffect.2.WhydidpeopleviewParker’stheoryof“solarwind”skepticallyatfirst?A.Itwentagainstthepopularopinionatthattime.B.Somemistakeswerefoundinhiscalculations.C.ThepresenceofasupersonicwindwasprovenbyNASA.D.Matterwasbelievedtoexistinthespacebetweenplanets.3.WhatdidParkersuggestyoungresearchersdo?A.Seekclosecooperation.B.Avoidhighexpectations.C.Learnbytrialanderror.D.Competeagainstothers.4.WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeParkeraccordingtothepassage?A.Straightforwardandgenerous.B.Responsibleandaccessible.C.Intelligentyetconservative.D.Distinguishedyetmodest.BTechnologyisstartingtogiveussuperpowersoncereservedonlyforcomicbookheroeslikeSpider-ManandSuperman.Wenowliveinanageofhumanenhancementandrelatedtechnologyhascapturedtheattentionofthemediaandinvestors.Someofthesenewtechnologiesachievetheireffectsbymeansofelectronicdevicesthatconnectourbrainstoexternalsourcesofknowledge,sensorydataorphysicalpower.Wemaynotgetchipsimplantedinourbrainsanytimesoon,butthinkaboutGoogleGlass—whoneedsaninsertedchipwhenyoucanwearacomputeronyourhead?Wearabletechnologydoesn’tonlycomeintheformofapairofglasses.AJapaneselaboratoryisworkingonamorepracticalprototype(雛形)ofamusclesuitthanIronMan’sshinyarmor(盔甲).Themusclesuit,calledanexoskeleton,enablesthesickandelderlytomovearoundmoreeasily,NewScientistmagazinereported.Coveting(覬覦)thepowersofSpider-Man,theUSmilitaryisworkingona“Spider-Mansuit”thatnotonlyletswearersclimbverticalwalls,butalsoallowsthemtosenseapproachingobjectswithoutlookingatorhearingthem,accordingtoanAmericanmilitarytechnologywebsite.Butperhapsyoufavormoresubtlepowerslikemindcontrolormindreading.Thismayonedaycometrueaswell.Themostamazinghumanenhancementtechnologiesthathavecomeintorealityaredevicesthatinteractdirectlywiththehumanbrain.QSensor,createdbyscientistsatMIT,isawirelesssensorthatmeasureselectricityconductedthroughtheskin.Itcandetectwhetherpeoplearebored,stressedorexcited,andthereforehaswideapplicationsinresearchandtherapy,theBBCreported.Scientistsenvisionneuralimplantsthatcouldallowhumanstomanipulatereal-worldobjectswiththeirmind—apowernotunlikemindcontrol.Slatemagazinereportedthismightalreadybehappening.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Newtechnologieshavebroughtusintoanewera.B.Superpowersofcomicbookheroeshavebeenwidelyappliednowadays.C.Humanenhancementreferstothesuperpowersofthecomicbookheroes.D.Spider-ManandSupermanhavecapturedtheattentionofthemediaandinvestors.6.WhatcanweknowaboutGoogleGlass?A.Itisimplantedinourbrains.B.Itisatechnologywithinsertedchips.C.Itisadevicewhichmakesussuperheroes.D.Itisatechnologythatenhanceshumanpower.7.WhichofthefollowingitemsdoesNOTinvolvewearabletechnology?A.GoogleGlass. B.Themusclesuit.C.IronMan’sarmor. D.TheSpider-Mansuit.8.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ExploresuperpowersforhumanenhancementB.GobeyondIronMan’sshinyarmorC.MeetsuperheroesinreallifeD.EmbracetheunknownworldⅡ.完形填空Wearingacavemanmask,Dr.Marzluffwalksacrossthecampattheuniversity.Crowscircleandscream.Theydiveathimandthensuddenlyflyaway.Beneaththemask,hesmiles.Daysbefore,heandhisstudentshad1cavemenmasks,caughtcrowsand2plasticbandsontotheirlegs.Thentheyreleasedthe3birds.

“Wealwaysknewcrows4us,butcouldweshowit?”saysDr.Marzluff,aprofessorknownaffectionatelyastheCrowman.

Whentheresearcherswalkedaroundcampuswithoutmasks,thecrowstheyhadcaughtandbandeddidn’t5tothem.Butwhenthe6humanswalkedbywhilewearingthemasks,thecrowsscoldedloudlyanddivedattheir“7”.Thebirdshadrememberedtheir8!

“Crowsareconstantly9us,”Dr.Marzluffsays.“Theylook,theythink,andtheyeyeballyou,10thesituation.”

Atfirst,onlythebandedbirdsreacted11tothepeopleinmasks.Butinlatertests,anincreasingnumberofcrowsbeganscoldingthem,evenwhenthebandedbirdswerenotaround.Thebirdshad12fromoneanother.Dr.Marzluffandhisteamfollowedbandedcrowsforayearand13thatadultsevenpassthisinformationtotheir14.

Dr.Marzluff’sexperimentsledhimtostudyhowcrows’15work.

1.A.pickedout B.putonC.searchedfor D.takenoff2.A.dropped B.steppedC.pressed D.tied3.A.unhappy B.beautiful C.black D.rare4.A.hate B.attackC.recognize D.contact5.A.wave B.react C.reply D.turn6.A.friendly B.unkind C.different D.same7.A.enemies B.professorsC.owners D.followers8.A.clothes B.faces C.organs D.figures9.A.expecting B.admiringC.watching D.tolerating10.A.estimating B.changingC.restoring D.worsening11.A.rigidly B.automaticallyC.abnormally D.threateningly12.A.resulted B.heard C.learned D.benefited13.A.promised B.identifiedC.denied D.clarified14.A.young B.neighbor C.partners D.opponents15.A.wings B.noses C.legs D.brainsⅢ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Myteenagedaughter,Jane,alwayscomplainedabouthavingtobehomeearlierthanallherfriends.Shewouldtellmethatshewasalreadyseventeen.Shebelievedthatshewasalreadyanadult,yetstillhadacurfew(宵禁).“Butyouarestillinhighschool,”Isaidonedaywhenshewascomplainingagain.“Youwillnevertrustme!”sheyelled.BeforeIcouldcontinue,sherolledhereyes,enteredherbedroomandshutthedoor.“HowcouldImakeJaneseethatIonlywanttokeephersafe?”Isighed.Idecidedtogoforawalk,hopingthecoldairwouldclearupmymind.Iopenedthefrontdoorandnearlysteppedonoursmallblackcat,whichseemedlikeameatball.“Hi,Meatball,”Isaid,takingitintomyarmsandtouchingitgently.Meatballsneezedinmyarms.Realizingitwastoocoldoutside,Iwentinside.Meatballseemedhappyenoughtostayinthewarmhouse.Butafteranhourortwo,itwenttothedoorandwantedtogooutsideagain.“Whywon’titjuststayinwithusallthetime?”Nathan,myyoungestdaughterasked.Iexplainedtoherthatitwashappytobeherebutitlikedbeingabletocomeandgoasitpleased.“Thatmustbenice,”Jane,whohappenedtocomeoutforacupoftea,cutin,“Whythecat,notI,couldcomeandgo?WhynotgiveMeatballacurfew,too?”Iturnedadeafeartohercomplaint.Laterinthenight,temperaturesdroppedunusuallylow.Meatballstoodatthedoor,meowingtogooutside,again.Ishookmyheadatit,beingafraidthatitmightfreezetodeath.Itlookedatmeandkeptmeowing.“Iknowyou’renothappy,butit’sforyourowngood,”Isaid,pattingitshead.“Mom’snotbeingmeantoyou,”Janetoldthecat.“She’sjusttryingtokeepyoufromturningintoafrozenmeatball,”saidJane,lookingatmemeaningfully.Wealllaughedatthejoke.Thenextmorning,Icouldn’tfindMeatball.Iaskedthekidsifanyonehadseenher.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。“Iletitoutlastnight,”Janesaidcalmly.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AsIdrovetotheanimalhospital,JaneheldMeatballinsidehercoat.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit4MeetingthemuseⅠ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了太陽物理學(xué)的領(lǐng)軍人物尤金·紐曼·帕克的貢獻(xiàn)以及他對(duì)年輕人的影響。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.”以及“NASAevenstatedthatthefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.”可知,帕克對(duì)整個(gè)太陽物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn),他是值得贊揚(yáng)的。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticismandridiculebythescientificcommunity.”以及“Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum,andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.”可知,人們起初對(duì)帕克的“太陽風(fēng)”理論持懷疑態(tài)度,因?yàn)樗`背了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行觀點(diǎn)。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:‘Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.’”可知,帕克給年輕人的建議是從錯(cuò)誤和嘗試中學(xué)習(xí)。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hailedasavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.”以及最后一段中“Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.”可知,帕克是杰出但謙遜的。【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科技開始賦予我們?cè)?jīng)只有蜘蛛俠和超人等漫畫英雄才能擁有的超能力。5.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容可知,最新的技術(shù)已經(jīng)將我們帶進(jìn)了一個(gè)全新的時(shí)代。6.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“TechnologyisstartingtogiveussuperpowersoncereservedonlyforcomicbookheroeslikeSpider-ManandSuperman.”可知,科技開始賦予我們?cè)?jīng)只有蜘蛛俠和超人等漫畫英雄才能擁有的超能力。再根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可推斷出,谷歌眼鏡就屬于增強(qiáng)人類能力的技術(shù)。7.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Wemaynotgetchipsimplantedinourbrainsanytimesoon,butthinkaboutGoogleGlass—whoneedsaninsertedchipwhenyoucanwearacomputeronyourhead?”可知A項(xiàng)“GoogleGlass”涉及可穿戴技術(shù);再根據(jù)第三段可知B項(xiàng)“Themusclesuit”以及D項(xiàng)“TheSpider-Mansuit”涉及可穿戴技術(shù)。因此不涉及可穿戴技術(shù)的是C項(xiàng)。故選C項(xiàng)。8.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段和最后一段以及全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們利用技術(shù)探索增強(qiáng)人類能力的超能力。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了Marzluff博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)研究了烏鴉的大腦是如何工作的。他們將烏鴉的腿綁上塑料帶子,然后放了烏鴉,同時(shí)對(duì)捆綁的烏鴉進(jìn)行跟蹤,發(fā)現(xiàn)烏鴉能認(rèn)出他們的臉,同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)成年烏鴉甚至?xí)⑦@些信息傳遞給幼鳥。1.B由上文“Wearingacavemanmask”可知,此處指戴上面具。2.D由下文“thecrowstheyhadcaughtandbanded”可知,在烏鴉的腿上綁上了塑料帶子。3.A由上文“caughtcrows”可知,烏鴉被捕所以不開心。4.C由下文“thecrowsscoldedloudly”和實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容可知,研究人員戴上面具在烏鴉腿上綁上塑料帶子,然后將它們放了,之后戴上面具后,發(fā)現(xiàn)烏鴉攻擊他們,這說明烏鴉能認(rèn)出他們。5.B由下文“tothem”可知,此處指烏鴉沒有任何反應(yīng)。reactto固定搭配,意為“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”。6.D由下文“humanswalkedbywhilewearingthemasks”和常識(shí)可知,為了保證實(shí)驗(yàn)的可信性,應(yīng)是同一批人戴著面具走過。7.A由上文“thecrowsscoldedloudlyanddivedattheir”和上文提到的研究者捆綁烏鴉可知,烏鴉把他們當(dāng)成敵人,在認(rèn)出他們之后去攻擊他們。8.B由下文“Theylook,theythin