河南省創(chuàng)新發(fā)展聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2023—2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichcountrydoesthemancomefrom?A.Canada.B.France.C.China.2.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturdaymorning?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.3.Wheredidthemangetthesandwich?A.Fromafriend’shouse.B.Fromafoodstore.C.Fromasupermarket.4.WhatwouldAmyliketosee?AWarmovies.B.Actionmovies.C.Funnymovies.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?ADothedishes.B.Answerthephone.C.Repairthephone.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Haveameeting.B.Watchamatch.C.Giveaspeech.7.Whatisthebestthinginthesnowclubaccordingtothewoman?A.Meetingnewfriends.B.Planningsnowingtrips.C.Improvingsnowingskills.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.HowdoesMomfeelaboutMary’sgoingtoschool?A.Disappointed.B.Worried.C.Uncaring.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthebedroom.C.Intheman’sroom.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheclassroom?A.It’scrowded.B.It’squiet.C.It’snoisy.12.Whattopicwillthemanprobablywriteaboutthepaper?A.Tripsaroundtheworld.B.SomethingaboutBeijing.C.Westernculture.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesSuzywanttobeinWorldTrek?A.Asaleswoman.B.Ateacher.C.Amanager.14.WhatwillSuzydoifshetakesthejob?A.LeadtourstoAsiancountries.B.TeachEnglishinAmerica.C.SellthingsinEurope.15.HowisSuzy’sEnglishaccordingtotheman?A.Good.B.Poor.C.So-so.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Goshopping.B.Havedinner.C.MakeChinesefood.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendoestheLifeProgrambegin?A.At8:00am.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:00pm.18.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Ahost.B.Astudent.C.Atourguide.19.Howwillyoufeelifyourfriendsaskyoutoreturnthemoney?A.Embarrassed.B.Angry.C.Happy.20.Whichofthefollowingisthespeaker’ssuggestion?A.Borrowingmoneyfromyourfriendsfrequently.B.Notborrowingmoneyfromyourfriendstoooften.C.Lendingmoneytoyourfriendsasmuchaspossible.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMakefulluseofyoursenses,discoverhiddentalentsandenjoyanewinterestattheJosephRegenstein,Jr.SchooloftheChicagoBotanicGarden.Learnthefollowinglessonsoftheadulteducationprogramme.Ourexpertinstructorsoffervirtuallearningindifferentkindsoftopics.BeginningWatercolorWednesday28FebruaryWatercolorisafresh,beautifulwaytoexpressthebeautyofasunsetorthereflectionoftreesandcloudsonapond.Youwilllearntomakeexpressivemarks,mixcolors,andapplywatermindfullytoachievetheamazingeffectswatercoloroffers.OrganicVegetableGardeningBasicsThursday29FebruaryLearnthebasictechniquesandtoolsrequiredtogrowyourownvegetables.Siteselection,bedandsoilpreparation,seedsowing,transplanting,andharvestingtechniqueswillbecovered.Youwillreceiveapacketofseedstogrowathome.EssenceofInternalMartialArts(武術(shù))Friday22MarchWhetheryourgoalistoimproveyourpracticalskillsandyourwell-being,oryouaresimplyinterestedintheinternalmartialarts,thisclasswillprovideastrongfoundation(基礎(chǔ))foryourpractice.Insteadoffixedforms,theclassfocusesmoreonthenecessaryrulesandfundamentaltraining.Itprovidesadetailedstudyintoeffectivewaysofbodyuseandawellorganizedwayofbuildinghealthwhileconnectingthemindandbody.PlantsThatAttractBeneficialInsectsSunday7AprilAreyouinterestedincontrollinginsectpests(害蟲)inyourgardennaturally?Youcanfinishthisbyplantingavarietyofbeautifulplantsthatattractpollinatorsandotherbeneficialinsects.Bylearningaboutadultbeneficialinsects,theirhungrylarvaeandtheirpreferredplants,youcaneffectivelyreduceorremovepestpopulations.1.WhatwillyoulearnintheBeginningWatercolor?A.Drawingasunset. B.Takingpicturesofclouds.C.Growingvegetables. D.PracticingChinesemartialarts.2.Whichlessonbestsuitspeoplewhowanttoreducepestsintheirgardens?A.BeginningWatercolor. B.OrganicVegetableGardeningBasics.C.EssenceofInternalMartialArts. D.PlantsThatAttractBeneficialInsects.3.Whatdothelistedlessonshaveincommon?A.Theyareforchildren.B.Theyareaboutphysicalhealth.C.Theyarevirtuallearning.D.Theyaredesignedtoshowinstructors’talents.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了適合成年人學(xué)習(xí)的四個(gè)課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BeginningWatercolor部分“Watercolorisafresh,beautifulwaytoexpressthebeautyofasunsetorthereflectionoftreesandcloudsonapond.Youwilllearntomakeexpressivemarks,mixcolors,andapplywatermindfullytoachievetheamazingeffectswatercoloroffers.(水彩畫是一種清新美麗的表達(dá)日落之美或池塘上樹木和云的倒影的方式。您將學(xué)習(xí)制作富有表現(xiàn)力的標(biāo)記，混合顏色，并有意識(shí)地應(yīng)用水，以實(shí)現(xiàn)水彩提供的驚人效果)”可知，在這個(gè)課程里，你可以學(xué)會(huì)畫日落。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PlantsThatAttractBeneficialInsects部分“Areyouinterestedincontrollinginsectpests(害蟲)inyourgardennaturally?Youcanfinishthisbyplantingavarietyofbeautifulplantsthatattractpollinatorsandotherbeneficialinsects.Bylearningaboutadultbeneficialinsects,theirhungrylarvaeandtheirpreferredplants,youcaneffectivelyreduceorremovepestpopulations.(你對(duì)自然控制花園中的害蟲感興趣嗎？你可以種植各種美麗的植物來吸引傳粉者和其他有益的昆蟲。通過了解成蟲、它們饑餓的幼蟲和它們喜歡的植物，你可以有效地減少或消除害蟲的數(shù)量)”可知，PlantsThatAttractBeneficialInsects適合想去除花園里的害蟲的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Learnthefollowinglessonsoftheadulteducationprogramme.Ourexpertinstructorsoffervirtuallearningindifferentkindsoftopics.(學(xué)習(xí)以下成人教育課程。我們的專家講師提供不同主題的虛擬學(xué)習(xí))”可知，這四個(gè)課程都是虛擬課程。故選C項(xiàng)。BJordynPerezwasabouttoturn8yearsoldwhenhermomsuggestedanewwaytocelebrateherbirthday.“Whatwouldyouthinkaboutdonatingyourgiftstoachildren’shospital?”hermomsaid.Atfirst,Jordynwasn’tsure.Thenshegaveitsomethought.“Iwaslike,‘Okay,that’scool,’”Jordynsaid.“IalreadyhadeverythingIneeded,andthesekidsthatweregoingthroughthingsatthehospital-theyneededthemmorethanIdid.”“Justtoseethesekids’littlefaceswhenJordynhandsthemthegiftsatthehospital,that’salwaysbeenourfavoritepart,”saysJordyn’smother.“Seeingthesekids’reactionsjusttouchesourhearts.”Kidscanbeinhospitalforlotsofreasons,forexample,asthma,aconditionthataffectsbreathing.Whateverthepatient’sailment,ahospitalstaycanbestressful.EffortslikeJordyn’sareabrightspotduringadifficulttime.Sincethattime,ithaskickedoffeachyearinearlyNovember,fiveorsixweeksbeforeherbirthday.Alongwithaninvitationtoherparty,Jordyn’sfriendsgetalistofgiftideasforkidsatthehospital.Forthelittlestpatients,giftsmightincludebuildingblocksortoytrains.“Andfortheteenagers,myageorolder,”Jordynsays,“itmightbemusicplayerorbooks.”NatalieGutierrezworksinthepublicrelationsofficeatBaptistChildren’sHospital.Shehasseenfirst-handtheeffectofJordyn’sgift-giving.“Sheputssmilesonthefacesoftheselittlepatientsinourhospitalandonournursesandstaff,”Gutierrezsays.Jordyn’seffortstohelpkidsinthehospitalhaveinspiredotherstofollowinherfootsteps.Moreboysandgirlshavecollectedandgivengiftsfortheirbirthdaystoo.“Givingtoothers,it’sjustagoodfeelingtohaveattheendoftheday,”Jordynsays.“IwanttokeepdoingthisaslongasIcan.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJordynfromparagraph1?A.Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithherbirthdaygifts.B.Sheacceptedhermother’sadviceaftercarefulthought.C.Shewasbusychoosinggiftsforkidsinhospital.D.Shewantedanewwaytocelebrateherbirthday.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ailment”inparagraph2mean?A.Illness. B.Treatment. C.Expectation. D.Reaction.6.WhenisJordyn’sbirthday?A.InOctober. B.InNovember. C.InDecember. D.InJanuary.7.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningNatalieGutierrez?A.Tointroduceherhospitalwork. B.Torecommendsomesuitablegifts.C.ToexplainJordyn’sgreatdifficulties. D.ToshowtheeffectofJordyn’sbehavior.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。短文講述了JordynPerez把自己的生日禮物捐獻(xiàn)給醫(yī)院的孩子們的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatwouldyouthinkaboutdonatingyourgiftstoachildren’shospital?”hermomsaid.Atfirst,Jordynwasn’tsure.Thenshegaveitsomethought.“Iwaslike,‘Okay,that’scool,’”Jordynsaid.“IalreadyhadeverythingIneeded,andthesekidsthatweregoingthroughthingsatthehospital-theyneededthemmorethanIdid.””（“你覺得把禮物捐給兒童醫(yī)院怎么樣？”她媽媽說。起初，喬丁不太確定。然后她又想了想?！拔耶?dāng)時(shí)想，‘好吧，這很酷，’”喬丁說。“我已經(jīng)擁有了我所需要的一切，而那些正在醫(yī)院經(jīng)歷磨難的孩子們——他們比我更需要這些東西。”）可知，經(jīng)過慎重考慮，她接受了母親的建議。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞的上文“Kidscanbeinhospitalforlotsofreasons,forexample,asthma,aconditionthataffectsbreathing.”（孩子們住院的原因有很多，比如哮喘，一種影響呼吸的疾病）可知，無論病人的疾病是什么，住院都會(huì)有壓力。所以劃線詞的意思是“疾病”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sincethattime,ithaskickedoffeachyearinearlyNovember,fiveorsixweeksbeforeherbirthday.”（從那時(shí)起，每年的11月初，也就是她生日的前五、六周，就開始了）可知，JordynPerez的生日在12月。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“NatalieGutierrezworksinthepublicrelationsofficeatBaptistChildren’sHospital.Shehasseenfirst-handtheeffectofJordyn’sgift-giving.”（娜塔莉·古鐵雷斯在浸禮會(huì)兒童醫(yī)院的公共關(guān)系辦公室工作。她親眼目睹了Jordyn給與禮物的效果）可知，提到娜塔莉·古鐵雷斯的目的是展示Jordyn行為的效果。故選D項(xiàng)。CSoap(肥皂)mightseemlikeareasonablewaytoavoidmosquitobites(蚊子叮)onthebasisthatifmosquitoescan’tsmellyou,theycan’tbiteyou.However,arecentstudyhasfoundthatratherthanprotectingyou,certainsoapsmightactuallymakeyoumoreattractivetomosquitoes.Inthestudy,conductedatVirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity,fourvolunteerswereaskedtowearasleevebeforeandafterwashingwithfourdifferentbrandsofsoap.Theresearchersthenwatchedfemalemosquitoesasonlyfemalesfeedonbloodlandingonthefabricsampletoshowtheirpreference.Theyfoundthatsomepeoplewashingwithsomebrandsofsoap,increasedtheirattractivenesstomosquitoes,whilewashingwithotherbrandsofsoaptendedtorepel(驅(qū)除)mosquitoes.Therepellenteffectofsomesoapmaybeduetoitscoconutscent,ascoconutoilisknowntoactasanaturalmosquitorepellent.Thereasonbehindthisattractionisbelievedtoberelatedtomosquitoes’sugarintake.Whenmosquitoesarenotfeedingonblood,theyaddtheirdietwithplantjuiceorsweetwaterfromflowers,“Thefactwearetakingthosefloweryandfruitysmellsandputtingthemonourbodiesmeansthatnowthesameobjectsmellslikeaflowerandapersonatthesametime,”saidClémentVinauger,wholedthestudy.Itwouldbelikewakingupandsmellingthesmellofcoffeeandbread,veryattractive.Interestingly,theeffectsofthesoapvariedamongpeople,possiblyduetotheinteraction(相互作用)betweenthesoapandeachperson’suniquebodyscent.“It’sremarkablethatthesamepersonthatisextremelyattractivetomosquitoeswhenheisunwashed,buthebecomesevenmoreattractivetomosquitoeswithonesoap,andthenbecomerepellenttomosquitoeswithanothersoap,”saidVinauger.Furtherresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheinteractionbetweendifferentsoapandbodyscents,aswellastodevelopmoreeffectivemosquitorepellents.8.Whathasthestudyfound?A.Soapattractsmanymosquitoes. B.Malemosquitoesfeedonblood.C.Someplantsdriveawaymosquitoes. D.Notallsoapcanstopmosquitobites.9.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byobservingthemosquitoes’behaviour. B.Byexploringthehistoryofmosquitoes.C.Byinterviewingalotofvolunteers. D.Byexaminingoldstudies.10.WhydidVinaugermentioncoffeeandbread?A.Tostresstheimportanceofbreakfast.B.Todiscusstheirprobablehealthbenefits.C.Tocomparethedifferenceofobjectsusedinthestudy.D.Toprovetheattractivenessofsomesoaptomosquitoes.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A.Health. B.Chemistry. C.Sports. D.Tour.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。文章主要說明了最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)使用某些肥皂可能會(huì)使你成為蚊子的攻擊對(duì)象，解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及研究的相關(guān)發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,arecentstudyhasfoundthatratherthanprotectingyou,certainsoapsmightactuallymakeyoumoreattractivetomosquitoes.(然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，某些肥皂不僅不能保護(hù)你，反而可能會(huì)讓你更吸引蚊子)”可知，不是所有的肥皂都可以阻止蚊子的攻擊。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchersthenwatchedfemalemosquitoesasonlyfemalesfeedonbloodlandingonthefabricsampletoshowtheirpreference.(研究人員隨后觀察了雌性蚊子，因?yàn)橹挥写菩晕米訒?huì)以落在織物樣本上的血液為食，以顯示它們的偏好)”可知，研究人員通過觀察蚊子的行為來進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thereasonbehindthisattractionisbelievedtoberelatedtomosquitoes’sugarintake.Whenmosquitoesarenotfeedingonblood,theyaddtheirdietwithplantjuiceorsweetwaterfromflowers,“Thefactwearetakingthosefloweryandfruitysmellsandputtingthemonourbodiesmeansthatnowthesameobjectsmellslikeaflowerandapersonatthesametime,”saidClémentVinauger,wholedthestudy.Itwouldbelikewakingupandsmellingthesmellofcoffeeandbread,veryattractive.(這種吸引力背后的原因被認(rèn)為與蚊子的糖攝入量有關(guān)。當(dāng)蚊子不吸食血液時(shí)，它們會(huì)添加植物汁液或花香。該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人ClémentVinauger說：“我們把這些花香和水果的氣味帶到我們的身體上，這意味著現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)物體同時(shí)聞起來像花和人?！边@就像一覺醒來，聞到咖啡和面包的味道，非常誘人)”可知，CiémentVinauger提到咖啡和面包是為了告訴我們某些肥皂對(duì)蚊子的吸引力如同咖啡和面包對(duì)人的吸引力。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Soap(肥皂)mightseemlikeareasonablewaytoavoidmosquitobites(蚊子叮)onthebasisthatifmosquitoescan’tsmellyou,theycan’tbiteyou.However,arecentstudyhasfoundthatratherthanprotectingyou,certainsoapsmightactuallymakeyoumoreattractivetomosquitoes.(肥皂似乎是一種避免蚊子叮咬的合理方法，因?yàn)槿绻米勇劜坏侥?，它們就不?huì)咬你。然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，某些肥皂不僅不能保護(hù)你，反而可能會(huì)讓你更吸引蚊子)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)使用某些肥皂可能會(huì)使你成為蚊子的攻擊對(duì)象，解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及研究的相關(guān)發(fā)現(xiàn)。可推知，本文最有可能刊登在報(bào)紙的健康專欄中。故選A。DThereareanumberofanimalsthatgiveofflightinsomeway-includingseveralkindsofinsectsandfish.Somekindsofmushroomsgiveofflight,too.Butmostplantsdon’tgiveoutlight.Now,scientistsareworkingtochangethat.Whenalivingthinggivesofflight,it’scalledbioluminescence(生物發(fā)光).Firefliesareawell-knownexampleofbioluminescence.Thoughlesswell-known,manymushroomsarealsobioluminescent.Thesebioluminescentcreatureslightupthankstothechemicalscalledluciferins(熒光素)insidetheirbodies.Luciferinscauseachemicalreactionthatcangiveofflight.Plantsdon’tnaturallyhaveluciferins,sotherearenonaturallybioluminescentplants.Butthathasn’tstoppedscientistsfromtryingtocreatethem.Inthepast,scientistshavecreatedplantsthatmadelessbrightbyaddingDNAfromshiningobjects.Scientistshavealsocreatedplantsthatcangiveofflightbyaddingluciferinstoplants.Butitonlyworksaslongasthechemicalslast.In2017,ateamwasabletocauseaplanttogiveofflightforaboutfourhours.Now,researchersataRussiancompanyhavecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingshiningplants.ByaddingcertainpartsoftheDNAfromshiningmushroomstoordinarytobaccoplants,theresearcherswereabletocreateplantsthatcouldmaketheirownluciferins.Thescientistsreportedthatthelightwasabout10timesbrighterthaninearliershiningplants.Theresearchersbelievethatshiningplantscouldhelpscientistslearnmoreaboutthewayplantswork.Forexample,themovingpatternsorwavesoflightintheplantsmayshowactivitiesinplantsthatnormallycan’tbeseen.Theshiningalsohelpsrevealhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem.Forexample,theplantsgaveoffmuchmorelightstronglywhenaripebananaskinwasnearby.Buttheresearchersdon’tthinktheplantswilljustbeusedforscience.Theythinkmanypeoplemaywantshiningplantsfortheirbeauty.Sotheyareworkingwithacompanytodevelopshiningplantsforsale.12.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Mostanimalshategivingofflight.B.Manyplantsgiveofflightthroughscientists’efforts.C.Animalsgiveofflighttoprotectthemselves.D.It’shardtofindplantsthatgiveoutlight.13.Whathappenswhenafireflylightsup?A.Itgivesofflotsofheattowarmitself.B.Ithaschemicalreactionsinsideitsbody.C.Itlacksenergyduetochemicalreactions.D.Itinformsotherfirefliesofthedanger.14.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisviewpointinthelastparagraph?A.Byshowingnumbers. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byprovidingexamples. D.Bymakingasummary.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HumandevelopmentresultsinlessshiningplantsB.ScientistsmanagetocreateshiningplantsC.People’slifestylesarereflectedinshiningplantsD.Geographydeterminesthetypesofshiningplants【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了科學(xué)家正設(shè)法創(chuàng)造發(fā)光植物?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butmostplantsdon’tgiveoutlight.Now,scientistsareworkingtochangethat.”（但是大多數(shù)植物不發(fā)光?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們正在努力改變這種狀況。）可知，很難找到發(fā)光植物。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesebioluminescentcreatureslightupthankstothechemicalscalledluciferins（熒光素）insidetheirbodies.Luciferinscauseachemicalreactionthatcangiveofflight.”（這些發(fā)光的生物之所以能發(fā)光，是因?yàn)樗鼈凅w內(nèi)有一種叫做熒光素的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。熒光素引起一種化學(xué)反應(yīng)，可以發(fā)光。）可知，一只螢火蟲發(fā)光是體內(nèi)發(fā)生了化學(xué)反應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forexample,themovingpatternsorwavesoflightintheplantsmayshowactivitiesinplantsthatnormallycan’tbeseen.Theshiningalsohelpsrevealhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem.Forexample,theplantsgaveoffmuchmorelightstronglywhenaripebananaskinwasnearby.”（例如，植物中移動(dòng)的模式或光波可能顯示出植物通?？床灰姷幕顒?dòng)。這種閃光也有助于揭示植物是如何受到周圍事物的影響的。例如，當(dāng)附近有成熟的香蕉皮時(shí)，植物會(huì)發(fā)出更強(qiáng)的光。）可知，最后一段主要是通過舉例子來支撐觀點(diǎn)的。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Butmostplantsdon’tgiveoutlight.Now,scientistsareworkingtochangethat.”（但是大多數(shù)植物不發(fā)光?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們正在努力改變這種狀況。）以及第四段“Now,researchersataRussiancompanyhavecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingshiningplants.”（現(xiàn)在，一家俄羅斯公司的研究人員提出了一種制造發(fā)光植物的新方法。）可知，短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“科學(xué)家們?cè)O(shè)法創(chuàng)造出發(fā)光的植物”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IntheNewYear,weoftensetgoalslikegettingfitter,doingbetterinschool,ortryingnewactivities.____16____.Whenweoverdothings,we’retryingtoprotectourselvesfromfear-fearoffailing,fearofdisappointingothers,orfearofnotbeinggoodenough.Butthiscontinuouswishforperfectiondoesn’tactuallymakeusbetter.Itendsupstressingusoutmore.____17____.Setnewboundaries(界限).Decidetochangeonehabitthatmakesyouoverdothings.Forexample,stopcheckingyourphoneafteracertainhour.____18____.Butwithtime,yourbrainwilladjustandtheanxietywilldecrease.Thisiscalledhabituation-faceyourfearuntilitdoesn’tfrightenyouanymore.Recognizethedifferencebetweendangeranddiscomfort.Creatingnewboundariesmightupsetsomepeoplearoundyou.____19____,butitdoesn’tmeanit’sdangerous.Moreover,it’simportanttofaceuncomfortablefeelingsratherthanavoidthem.Avoidancecanrunoutofourenergyandmakethingsworse.____20____.Whatneedstorecognizeisthatyouaretheoneincontrolofyourlife.Seekingagreementorpermissionfromothersforeverythingwedomakesusfeellesssafe.Learningtotrustourowndecisionsiskeytofeelingsafeandbalanced.AsweworkonourNewYear’splans,rememberthatgrowthisgood,butitdoesn’tcomefromfear.A.YouareinchargeB.Youwon’tbeusedtoitatfirstC.ItwillallowustosolvemoreproblemsD.It’snaturalforthemtofeeluncomfortableE.OverdoingharmsourmentalandphysicalhealthF.HerearesomewaystohelpyoustopoverdoingitinyourlifeG.Whileaiminghighcanbegood,itcanalsoleadustooverdothings【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。文章指出了人們?cè)谥朴喰履暧?jì)劃時(shí)可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)過度行為的問題，并提供了停止過度行為的幾種方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“IntheNewYear,weoftensetgoalslikegettingfitter,doingbetterinschool,ortryingnewactivities.(在新的一年里，我們經(jīng)常設(shè)定目標(biāo)，比如變得更健康，在學(xué)校做得更好，或者嘗試新的活動(dòng)。)”和下文“Whenweoverdothings,we’retryingtoprotectourselvesfromfear-fearoffailing,fearofdisappointingothers,orfearofnotbeinggoodenough.(當(dāng)我們過度做事情時(shí)，我們是在試圖保護(hù)自己免受恐懼——害怕失敗，害怕讓別人失望，或者害怕做得不夠好。)”可知，本空要說跟“過度設(shè)定目標(biāo)”有關(guān)的話題，G項(xiàng)“Whileaiminghighcanbegood,itcanalsoleadustooverdothings(雖然設(shè)定高目標(biāo)是件好事，但也可能導(dǎo)致過度行為)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選G。【17題詳解】由上文“Whenweoverdothings,we’retryingtoprotectourselvesfromfear-fearoffailing,fearofdisappointingothers,orfearofnotbeinggoodenough.Butthiscontinuouswishforperfectiondoesn’tactuallymakeusbetter.Itendsupstressingusoutmore.(當(dāng)我們過度做事情時(shí)，我們是在試圖保護(hù)自己免受恐懼——害怕失敗，害怕讓別人失望，或者害怕做得不夠好。但這種不斷追求完美的愿望實(shí)際上并不能讓我們變得更好。它最終會(huì)給我們帶來更多的壓力。)”可知，過度設(shè)定目標(biāo)會(huì)產(chǎn)生不好的影響，所以下文要闡述怎樣停止過度行為，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Herearesomewaystohelpyoustopoverdoingitinyourlife(這里有一些方法，幫助你停止過度行為)”能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Butwithtime,yourbrainwilladjustandtheanxietywilldecrease.Thisiscalledhabituation-faceyourfearuntilitdoesn’tfrightenyouanymore.(隨著時(shí)間推移，大腦將會(huì)適應(yīng)，焦慮感將會(huì)減輕)”可知，隨著時(shí)間推移，大腦將會(huì)適應(yīng)，但是開始時(shí)，可能會(huì)不習(xí)慣、不適應(yīng)，B項(xiàng)“Youwon’tbeusedtoitatfirst(一開始你會(huì)不習(xí)慣)”能引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。19題詳解】由上文“Recognizethedifferencebetweendangeranddiscomfort.Creatingnewboundariesmightupsetsomepeoplearoundyou.(認(rèn)識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)和不適之間的區(qū)別。設(shè)定新的界限可能會(huì)讓你周圍的一些人感到不安。)”本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)識(shí)別危險(xiǎn)感與不適感的差異。D項(xiàng)“It’snaturalforthemtofeeluncomfortable(對(duì)他們來說感到不舒服是自然的)”與下文“butitdoesn’tmeanit’sdangerous(但是這并不意味著它是危險(xiǎn)的)”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選D?！?0題詳解】由下文“Whatneedstorecognizeisthatyouaretheoneincontrolofyourlife.Seekingagreementorpermissionfromothersforeverythingwedomakesusfeellesssafe.Learningtotrustourowndecisionsiskeytofeelingsafeandbalanced.(你需要認(rèn)識(shí)到的是，你才是控制自己生活的人。做任何事都尋求他人的同意或許可會(huì)讓我們感到不安全。學(xué)會(huì)相信自己的決定是感到安全和平衡的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)掌控自己生活的重要性。A項(xiàng)“Youareincharge(你是負(fù)責(zé)人)”能概括整段內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Igotamessagefrommyfriend,Megan.“Thislittle____21____,Winnie,neededahome,”shesaid,andthen____22____somepictures.I’dstartedmyanimal____23____in2017afterI’dboughtapieceoflandandusedittogivesome____24____animalsahome.Togivethemabetterlife,I____25____thehomewiththeprofitsImaderunningfourpetsupplystores.Myfirstanimalwasasheep,Charlotte,whohadabadbackleg.____26____,thefarmhadgrowntofeed200animals.Lookingatthe____27____Megansentmeofthecutedisableddogonmyphone,IdecidedthatIhadroomforonemore.Despitehisdeformed(畸形的)frontlegs,hisbeautifulbrowneyesonthepicturesmademyheartmelt(軟化).SoItookhimtoahospital.Thedoctorgothimto____28____withacoolsetofwheels.“____29____doggie,”strangersshowedpitysometimeswhentheysawWinnie.Butwithinminutes,they_____30_____thatWinniewaslivinghisbestlivesonthefarmandtheydidn’tneedtofeel_____31_____forhim.I_____32_____Winnie’sownwebpagewhereIwouldshareWinnie’slife.Andheearnedalotoffollowers.“He_____33_____mewhenIwasfeelingsad,”onefollowercommentedrecently.Winnieprovesthatanimalswith_____34_____canleadfulfilling(令人心滿意足的)lives.He’smybestfriendandI’m_____35_____ofeverythingthathedoes.21.A.sheep B.cat C.deer D.dog22.A.sentover B.sweptaway C.searchedfor D.gaveup23.A.gallery B.school C.shelter D.hospital24.A.unemployed B.unwanted C.unkind D.unsuitable25.A.limited B.funded C.sold D.rated26.A.Particularly B.Secretly C.Obviously D.Gradually27.A.presents B.principles C.pictures D.awards28.A.cry B.agree C.move D.puzzle29.A.Funny B.Honest C.Clean D.Poor30.A.realized B.forgot C.warned D.complained31.A.sorry B.calm C.threatened D.tired32.A.attracted B.imagined C.created D.stopped33.A.challenged B.inspired C.scared D.tracked34.A.talents B.disabilities C.achievements D.purposes35.A.sick B.afraid C.distrustful D.proud【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.B26.D27.C28.C29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。講述了作者創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)動(dòng)物收容所，里面生活著一些殘疾動(dòng)物，其中最讓人感動(dòng)的是朋友給我的一只殘疾的小狗?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這只小狗，溫妮，需要一個(gè)家，”她說，然后給我發(fā)了一些照片。A.sheep綿羊；B.cat貓；C.deer鹿；D.dog狗。根據(jù)下文“Megansentmeofthecutedisableddogonmyphone”可知，小狗Winnie需要一個(gè)家。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.sentover發(fā)送過來；B.sweptaway摧毀；C.searchedfor搜尋；D.gaveup放棄。根據(jù)下文“Lookingatthe____7____Megansentmeofthecutedisableddogonmyphone”可知，Megan發(fā)過來一些照片。故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在買了一塊地，用來給一些沒人要的動(dòng)物一個(gè)家之后，2017年我創(chuàng)辦了我的動(dòng)物收容所。A.gallery畫廊；B.school學(xué)校；C.shelter庇護(hù)所；D.hospital醫(yī)院。根據(jù)下文“givesome____4____animalsahome”可知，作者創(chuàng)辦了動(dòng)物收容所。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.unemployed失業(yè)的；B.unwanted沒人要的；C.unkind不善良的；D.unsuitable不合適的。根據(jù)上文“Igotamessagefrommyfriend,Megan.“Thislittle____1____,Winnie,neededahome”可知，作者創(chuàng)辦動(dòng)物收容所是為了給那些沒人要的動(dòng)物一個(gè)家。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了讓這些動(dòng)物過上更好的生活，我用經(jīng)營(yíng)四家寵物用品店的利潤(rùn)來資助動(dòng)物收容所。A.limited限制；B.funded提供資金；C.sold賣；D.rated評(píng)價(jià)；估價(jià)。根據(jù)下文“withtheprofitsImaderunningfourpetsupplystores”可知，作者用寵物店的利潤(rùn)給收容所提供資金。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：逐漸地，這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)發(fā)展到可以喂養(yǎng)200只動(dòng)物。A.Particularly尤其；B.Secretly秘密地；C.Obviously明顯地；D.Gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)前文“Myfirstanimalwasasheep,Charlotte,whohadabadbackleg.”可知，此處描述收養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的經(jīng)歷，逐漸地，收養(yǎng)的動(dòng)物達(dá)到了200只。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看著Megan發(fā)給我的那只可愛的殘疾小狗的照片，我決定再收養(yǎng)一只（動(dòng)物）。A.presents禮物；B.principles原則；C.pictures照片；D.awards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)前文“andthen____2____somepictures.”可知，Megan發(fā)給作者一些小狗的照片。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生用一套很酷的輪子讓W(xué)innie活動(dòng)。A.cry哭；B.agree同意；C.move移動(dòng)；D.puzzle使困惑。根據(jù)前文“Despitehisdeformed(畸形的)frontlegs”可知，小狗前腿畸形，醫(yī)生給它裝上輪子讓它移動(dòng)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“可憐的小狗，”當(dāng)陌生人看到Winnie時(shí)，他們有時(shí)會(huì)表現(xiàn)出同情。A.Funny滑稽可笑的；B.Honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的；C.Clean干凈的；D.Poor可憐的。根據(jù)前文“Despitehisdeformed(畸形的)frontlegs,hisbeautifulbrowneyesonthepicturesmademyheartmelt(軟化).”可知，Winnie前腿畸形，人們表現(xiàn)出同情，認(rèn)為小狗是可憐的。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但幾分鐘后，他們意識(shí)到Winnie在農(nóng)場(chǎng)過著最好的生活，他們不需要為他感到難過。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.forgot忘記；C.warned警告；D.complained抱怨。后文“Winniewaslivinghisbestlivesonthefarmandtheydidn’tneedtofeel____11____forhim”是這些陌生人意識(shí)到的事情。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.sorry遺憾的；難過的；B.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；C.threatened威脅；D.tired厭倦。根據(jù)前文“strangersshowedpitysometimes”可知，陌生人意識(shí)到無需為Winnie的不幸的感到難過。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我為Winnie創(chuàng)建了網(wǎng)頁(yè)，分享他的生活。A.attracted吸引；B.imagined想象；C.created創(chuàng)造；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)后文“Winnie’sownwebpagewhereIwouldshareWinnie’slife.Andheearnedalotoffollowers.”可知，作者為了分享Winnie的生活創(chuàng)建了網(wǎng)頁(yè)。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一位追隨者最近評(píng)論說，當(dāng)他感到難過的時(shí)候，Winnie（的生活）能夠鼓勵(lì)他A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.inspired鼓舞