河南省豫北名校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2023—2024學(xué)年高一年級(jí)階段性測(cè)試（三）英語(yǔ)考生注意：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whoownsthedictionary?A．Tom.B．Sally.C．MissBrown.2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．BuyanewTV.B．FixtheoldTV.C．Watchaprogram.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Brotherandsister.C．Teacherandstudent.4．Whatisthemanlearningnow?A．Thepiano.B．Thedrum.C．Theguitar.5．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebook?A．Boring.B．Difficult.C．Interesting.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Inabank.C．Atastore.7．Whatwillthemangetatlast?A．Agift.B．Money.C．AT-shirt.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhereistheclassroomF205?A．Onthefirstfloor.B．Onthesecondfloor.C．Onthethirdfloor.9．Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A．Japan.B．China.C．America.10．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Gotoaclass.B．Meetafriend.C．Goforawalk.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whenwillthespeakersstartthetrip?A．At6:00pm.B．At7:00am.C．At7:30am.12．Whatwillthewomantake?A．Fruit.B．Bread.C．Hamburgers.13．Whatwillthespeakersdoatnightduringthetrip?A．Haveachat.B．Playcards.C．Readbooks.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Wheredidthewomangetthenewsoftheearthquake?A．OntheInternet.B．Ontheradio.C．Inthenewspaper.15．Whendidtheearthquaketakeplace?A．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.16．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Visitthedisasterareainperson.B．Findmoreinformationonline.C．Offermoneytothedisasterarea.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingduringthevisit?A．Takingnotes.B．Keepingsilent.C．Respectingtheguide.18．Whatwillthestudentsdoat9:00?A．Startthetour.B．Seeashortfilm.C．Haveadiscussion.19．WhenwillMrs.Wongshowthestudentsaroundtheexhibition?A．At9:30.B．At10:30.C．At11:30.20．WhatwillthestudentsdoafterMrs.Wong’sclass?A．Readmuseumposters.B．TalkwithMrs.Wong.C．Havelunch.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A2023BritishArrowsDirectedbyVariousDirectors;UK,2023,74minutes;OnOctober22Withexcellentcreativity,humorouswisdom,andchangingfeelings,theBritishArrowsAwardscelebratethelatestcreativetrends(趨勢(shì))inmoving-imageadvertisements.Thisyear’sprogramfindsDanielCraigwalkingthroughaluxuryParishotel,MileyCyrusattendingaGucciparty,andMatthewMacfadyen(Succession)andJohnBoyega(StarWars)givingamazingperformances.ConversationsinVermontDirectedbyRobertFrank;USA,1969,26minutes,inEnglish;OnAugust8RobertFrank’srelationshipwithhischildrenPabloandAndreaisexploredinhisfirstopenlyautobiographical(自傳的)film.HevisitsthematafreeschoolinruralVermont,whereheinterviewsthemabouttheirfeelings,theirupbringing,andwhatitwasliketogrowupinacarefreeworldwithparentswhoareartists.TheRightStuffDirectedbyPhilipKaufman;USA,1983,193minutes,inEnglish;OnDecember29TheAmericanAirForcetestpilots(ScottGlenn,EdHarris,DennisQuaid,andSamShepard)arethebravestandthemostdaringmen.Suddenly,thesemenbecomethefirsttorideaspaceshipastheUnitedStatesracestoputthefirstmanonthemooninthistruestoryofthespacemen.LifeDancesOnDirectedbyRobertFrank;USA,1980,30minutes,inEnglish;OnSeptember12LifeDancesOnbringstogetherFrank’smemoriesoftwoveryclosepeopleandotherswhosharedhislife,includinghisfamilyandpeopleonthestreetsofNewYorkCity.ThismovingandpersonalfilmhonorshisdaughterAndreaandhisfriendandcollaboratorDannySeymour.1.Whatcanweenjoyfrom2023BritishArrows?A.Partieswheremoviestarsperform. B.Advertisementsstarringfamouspeople.C.Wonderfulhotelsownedbymoviestars. D.Children’shappychildhoodwithparents.2.WhatdoConversationsinVermontandLifeDancesOnhaveincommon?A.Theyintroducespaceheroes. B.Theyexpressthelovefordance.C.Theyshowthefeelingofsuccess. D.Theytellaboutpersonalexperiences.3.Whichofthefollowingdescribesspaceexploration?A.TheRightStuff. B.LifeDancesOn.C.2023BritishArrows. D.ConversationsinVermont.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四部微電影的相關(guān)信息，包括導(dǎo)演、時(shí)長(zhǎng)、上映日期和主要內(nèi)容等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分中“Withexcellentcreativity,humorouswisdom,andchangingfeelings,theBritishArrowsAwardscelebratethelatestcreativetrends(趨勢(shì))inmoving-imageadvertisements.Thisyear’sprogramfindsDanielCraigwalkingthroughaluxuryParishotel,MileyCyrusattendingaGucciparty,andMatthewMacfadyen(Succession)andJohnBoyega(StarWars)givingamazingperformances.(憑借出色的創(chuàng)意、幽默的智慧和不斷變化的情感，BritishArrowsAwards慶祝了動(dòng)態(tài)圖像廣告的最新創(chuàng)意趨勢(shì)。今年的節(jié)目中，丹尼爾·克雷格漫步在巴黎一家豪華酒店，麥莉·賽勒斯出席古馳派對(duì)，馬修·麥克法迪恩(《繼承》)和約翰·波耶加(《星球大戰(zhàn)》)獻(xiàn)上了精彩的表演)”可知，在2023BritishArrows可以看到名人主演的廣告。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ConversationsinVermont部分中“RobertFrank’srelationshipwithhischildrenPabloandAndreaisexploredinhisfirstopenlyautobiographical(自傳的)film.(羅伯特·弗蘭克與他的孩子巴勃羅和安德里亞的關(guān)系在他的第一部公開(kāi)的自傳體電影中被探索)”和LifeDancesOn部分中“ThismovingandpersonalfilmhonorshisdaughterAndreaandhisfriendandcollaboratorDannySeymour.(這部感人的私人電影是為了紀(jì)念他的女兒安德里亞和他的朋友和合作者丹尼·西摩)”可知，這兩部微電影的共同之處是它們都講述了個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheRightStuff部分中“TheAmericanAirForcetestpilots(ScottGlenn,EdHarris,DennisQuaid,andSamShepard)arethebravestandthemostdaringmen.Suddenly,thesemenbecomethefirsttorideaspaceshipastheUnitedStatesracestoputthefirstmanonthemooninthistruestoryofthespacemen.(美國(guó)空軍試飛員(斯科特·格倫、埃德·哈里斯、丹尼斯·奎德和山姆·謝潑德)是最勇敢、最大膽的人。突然之間，這些人成為第一批乘坐宇宙飛船的人，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)競(jìng)相將第一個(gè)人送上月球，這是一個(gè)關(guān)于宇航員的真實(shí)故事)”可知，TheRightStuff描述了探索太空。故選A。BHaroldJones,a100-year-oldman,hasbeenwalkingupto40circleseverydayinhisgardensincethebeginningof2020.Atfirst,hejustwalkedforexercise.Now,Jones,whousesawalker,isusinghiscirclestohelpothers.Withanearlytargetofraising￡1,000,whichseemedalottoJoneswhenhebegan,hesooncollectedmorethanthat.Hehasraisedover￡43,000forcharity.Theoldmanheldon,andwalked41,550circlesaroundthebackofhishome.Joneswalksinallweather,buthedoesfewercirclesintherain.Hedoes20circlesafterbreakfastandthendoes20morecirclesafterlunch.Hethankshislongyearsintheserviceforhisfitness.“Thetrainingforthearmysetuptheabilitytosufferbecausewesufferedalotinthearmy.Determinationandresilience(韌性)aresomethingyou’retaughtinthearmy,”Jonessaid.JoneswasinspiredbytheeffortsofCaptainSirTomMoorewhoraisedfundsfortheNationalHealthServiceduringthepandemic.Moore,a99-year-old,walkedwiththehelpofawalkerinthegarden,andraisedanamazing￡17million.Jonessaidthatalthoughhebeganwalkingjustforexercise,hesawwhatMoorecompletedandthatgavehimtheideatoraisefundsforcharity.Jonesdidn’texpecttowalkagreaterdistancethanthecaptain,buthedid.WhenJonesreachedhisearlytarget,hejustkeptgoing.Hehadnoideahowmanypeoplewouldrespondtohiseffortsaswhenhereached￡10,000,afrienddoubledit.JonesreceivedaPointsofLightawardafterthecharityrecommendedhimandJonessaidthathewasamazedbytherecognition.Butgivingservicetoothersplaysthelargestroleinhisfaithandinhislife.Thiswasawell-deserved(值得的)honorforaremarkableman.4.WhatdoesJonesthinkofhisearlyarmyexperience?A.Ithasbroughthimgreathonor. B.Ithaschangedhislifecompletely.C.Ithasbenefitedhislifeinoldage. D.Ithasenabledhimtomakegoodfriends.5.WhatmadeJonesstarttodocharity?A.Hisconcernfortheelderly. B.TomMoore’ssuggestion.C.Hiscompetitivecharacter. D.Anotheroldsoldier’sbehavior.6.WhichmaybeJones’favoritethingtodo?A.Doinggoodforothers. B.Tryingtogetrecognition.C.Takingphysicalexercise. D.Leadingpeopletoserveothers.7WhichwordscanbestdescribeJones?A.Inspiringandbrave. B.Curiousandhonest.C.Determinedandcaring. D.Patientandproud.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了百歲老人瓊斯通過(guò)每天在后院走40圈進(jìn)行慈善籌款的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Hethankshislongyearsintheserviceforhisfitness.“Thetrainingforthearmysetuptheabilitytosufferbecausewesufferedalotinthearmy.Determinationandresilience(韌性)aresomethingyou’retaughtinthearmy,”Jonessaid.(他感謝多年的服役使他身體健康。“軍隊(duì)的訓(xùn)練培養(yǎng)了我們吃苦的能力，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谲婈?duì)里吃了很多苦。決心和韌性是你在軍隊(duì)里學(xué)到的東西，”瓊斯說(shuō))”可知，瓊斯認(rèn)為自己早期在軍隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷有益于他的晚年生活。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“JoneswasinspiredbytheeffortsofCaptainSirTomMoorewhoraisedfundsfortheNationalHealthServiceduringthepandemic.Moore,a99-year-old,walkedwiththehelpofawalkerinthegarden,andraisedanamazing￡17million.(瓊斯受到了湯姆·摩爾上尉爵士的啟發(fā)，他在疫情期間為國(guó)家衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)籌集了資金。99歲的摩爾在一個(gè)助行器的幫助下在花園里散步，并籌集了驚人的1700萬(wàn)英鎊)”可知，瓊斯做慈善是因?yàn)槭艿搅硪粋€(gè)老年士兵的行為的啟發(fā)。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butgivingservicetoothersplaysthelargestroleinhisfaithandinhislife.Thiswasawell-deserved(值得的)honorforaremarkableman.(但在他的信仰和生活中，為他人服務(wù)扮演著最重要的角色。對(duì)于一個(gè)杰出的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的榮譽(yù))”可推知，瓊斯最喜歡做的事情是服務(wù)于他人，即為他人做好事。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Atfirst,hejustwalkedforexercise.Now,Jones,whousesawalker,isusinghiscirclestohelpothers.(起初，他只是為了鍛煉身體而散步?，F(xiàn)在，使用助行器的瓊斯正在用他的圓圈幫助別人)”可推知，瓊斯是一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)心的人；根據(jù)第一段中“HaroldJones,a100-year-oldman,hasbeenwalkingupto40circleseverydayinhisgardensincethebeginningof2020.(哈羅德·瓊斯是一位100歲的老人，自2020年初以來(lái)，他每天都在花園里走40圈)”和第二段中“Hehasraisedover￡43,000forcharity.Theoldmanheldon,andwalked41,550circlesaroundthebackofhishome.(他已經(jīng)為慈善事業(yè)籌集了43000多英鎊。老人堅(jiān)持住，繞著屋后走了41550圈)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“WhenJonesreachedhisearlytarget,hejustkeptgoing.(當(dāng)瓊斯到達(dá)他的早期目標(biāo)時(shí)，他只是繼續(xù)前進(jìn))”可推知，瓊斯是一個(gè)有決心的人。故選C。CLastsummerontheHawaiianIslandofKauai,TinaTaniguchiworkedclosetotheground.Hercoconutleafhatcoveredmostofherthickbrownhair.Wetsoilhadgottenonherclothesandhersmilingface.TaniguchismilesalotwhileworkingontheHanapepesaltlandonthewestsideofKauai.Itisapieceoflandabouthalfahectareinsizewithpoolsofsaltywater.Thesaltbecomescrystals(晶體)asthewaterdries.“Theworkistiring,butformeit’salsoplay,”Taniguchisaidwithalaugh.Taniguchi’sfamilyisoneof22familieswhomakesalt,followingaculturalandspiritualtradition.HanapepeisoneofthelastremainingsaltlandsinHawaii.Itssaltcanbetradedorgivenawaybutmustneverbesold.Hawaiiansuseitincooking,healing,andasprotection.Overthepast10years,therehavebeenseveralthreatstothisfield.Theyencompassdevelopment,pollutionfromaneighboringairfield,damagetothesandfromvehicletrafficandwasteleftbyvisitorstothenearbybeach.Inaddition,risingsealevelsandweathermightstopthepractice.Theprocessofturningseawaterintosaltcanbeslow.Theseasonbeginsoncetherainstopsandwaterstartstodisappearfromthesaltbeds.Oceanwatertravelsundergroundandentersthewells.Eachfamilyhastheirownwell.Aswaterentersthewell,sodotiny,redbrineshrimp.ThesesmalloceananimalsgiveHanapepesaltitsunusual,sweettaste.Thefamiliesfirstcleanthesaltbedsandlinethemwithblackclay(陶土).Thentheymovewaterfromthewellsintothebeds.There,saltcrystalsform.Thetoplevel,orlayer,isthewhitest.Itisusedfortablesalt.Themiddlelayerispinkishandisusedincooking,whilethebottomlayer,whichisadeepredcolor,isusedinblessings.8.WhatdoweknowaboutTaniguchi?A.Shegivessalttoothersasagift. B.Sheworkshardbutwithpleasure.C.Shehasfoundanewwaytomakesalt. D.Shefearsoldtraditionswilldisappear.9.WhatareHawaiiansnotallowedtodowiththeirsalt?A.Tradegoodswithit. B.Useitasatreatment.C.Makemoneyfromit. D.Cookvegetableswithit.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“encompass”meaninparagraph4?A.Prevent. B.Include. C.Improve. D.Discover.11.Whatdoesasmallseacreaturebringtothetraditionalsalt?A.Thespecialtasteofthesalt. B.Athickermiddlelayerofsalt.C.Morewaterinthewells. D.Aquickerprocessofmakingsalt.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在夏威夷的Hanapepe人們用傳統(tǒng)的方法制作有獨(dú)特風(fēng)味的鹽，但現(xiàn)在他們的鹽田受到了威脅。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“LastsummerontheHawaiianIslandofKauai,TinaTaniguchiworkedclosetotheground.Hercoconutleafhatcoveredmostofherthickbrownhair.Wetsoilhadgottenonherclothesandhersmilingface.(去年夏天，在夏威夷的考艾島，TinaTaniguchi在接近地面的地方工作。她的椰子葉帽子遮住了她濃密的棕色頭發(fā)。濕土沾到了她的衣服和她的笑臉上)”和第三段中“Theworkistiring,butformeit’salsoplay(工作很累，但對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這也是一種娛樂(lè))”可知，Taniguchi工作努力，但樂(lè)在其中。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itssaltcanbetradedorgivenawaybutmustneverbesold.(它的鹽可以交換或贈(zèng)送，但絕不能出售)”可知，Hawaiians不允許賣鹽，即用鹽賺錢(qián)。故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Overthepast10years,therehavebeenseveralthreatstothisfield.(在過(guò)去的10年里，這個(gè)領(lǐng)域受到了一些威脅)”可知，鹽地受到了一些威脅；they指代上文提到的severalthreats，而下文“development,pollutionfromaneighboringairfield,damagetothesandfromvehicletrafficandwasteleftbyvisitorstothenearbybeach.(開(kāi)發(fā)、鄰近機(jī)場(chǎng)的污染、車輛對(duì)沙子的破壞以及游客在附近海灘留下的廢物)”列舉了一些帶來(lái)威脅的事情，由此可知，此處是指這些威脅包括開(kāi)發(fā)、鄰近機(jī)場(chǎng)的污染、車輛對(duì)沙子的破壞以及游客在附近海灘留下的廢物。即encompass意為“包括”，與include同義。故選B。11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Aswaterentersthewell,sodotiny,redbrineshrimp.ThesesmalloceananimalsgiveHanapepesaltitsunusual,sweettaste.(隨著水進(jìn)入井中，微小的紅色鹽水蝦也進(jìn)入井中。這些小型海洋動(dòng)物賦予哈納佩佩鹽獨(dú)特的甜味)”可知，一種小型海洋生物給鹽帶來(lái)了獨(dú)特的風(fēng)味——甜味。故選A。DScientistshavemappedthelargestcoralreef(珊瑚礁)offAmerica’sAtlanticcoast.Researcherssaythereefspreadsabout500kilometersfromFloridatoSouthCarolina.Atsomepoints,itis109kilometerswide.Theresearchersmeasuredthereefusing3Dmappingtechnology.Oceanscientistshaveknownsincethe1960sthatsomecorallifewaspresentofftheAtlanticCoastButthereef’sexactsizehadremainedunknown.Newunderwatermappingtechnologymadeitpossibletocreateimagesoftheoceanfloorin3D.Thelargestyetknowndeepcoralreef“hasbeenrightunderournoses,waitingtobediscovered,”saidDerekSowers.HeisanexpertatthenonprofitgroupOceanExplorationTrust.Thereefwasfoundatoceandepthsfrom200to1,000meters.Deep-sealifecannotusesunlighttocarryoutphotosynthesis(光合作用).Instead,reefcoralsatextremedepthsmustgetfoodparticles(顆粒)outofthewaterforenergy.Deepcoralreefsareknowntocontainanimalssuchassharks,seastars,octopusandmanykindsoffish.Unlikedeepcoralreefs,tropical(熱帶的)reefsaremorefamiliartoscientistsandseaexplorersalikebecausetheyareeasiertoreach.Theworld’slargesttropicalcoralreefsystem,Australia’sGreatBarrierReef,spreadsfor2,300kilometers.Sowerssaiditispossiblelargerdeep-seareefswillbediscoveredinthefuturesinceonlyabout25percentoftheworld’soceanfloorhasbeenmappedin3D.Only50percentofU.S.offshorewatershavebeenmapped.Mapsoftheoceanfloorarecreatedusinghigh-technologysoundequipmentonships.ErikCordesisaseabiologistatTempleUniversityandaco-writerofastudyonthemappingoperation.Hesaiddeepreefscovermoreoftheoceanfloorthantropicalreefs.Butbotharecurrentlyfacingsimilarrisks,includingclimatechangeanddamagefromexploringoilandgasactivities.12.Howdodeep-seacoralsgettheenergytogrow?A.Theygetitfromsunlight. B.Theyeatotherseaanimals.C.Theycreateitbythemselves. D.Theygetfoodoutofwater.13.WhydoesSowersthinkmoredeep-seareefswillbediscovered?A.Theyaremucheasiertoreach. B.Moreadvancedtechnologywillbedeveloped.C.Scientistsareshowinggrowinginterestinthem. D.Mostoftheoceanfloorhasn’tbeenmapped.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcoralsinthelastparagraph?A.Differencesbetweenthetwocorals. B.Humanactivitiesharmingthem.C.Theneedtostudydeep-seacorals. D.Theimportanceofdeep-seacorals.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsMapLargestDeep-SeaCoralReefEver B.ScientistsMapDeep-SeaFloorforFurtherResearchC.Deep-SeaCoralReefsAreHometoSeaAnimals D.ADeep-SeaSecretComestoLight【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家使用3D測(cè)繪技術(shù)繪制出美國(guó)西海岸最大的珊瑚礁，并探討了深海珊瑚礁和熱帶珊瑚礁的特點(diǎn)和面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Instead,reefcoralsatextremedepthsmustgetfoodparticles(顆粒)outofthewaterforenergy.(相反，極端深度的珊瑚礁珊瑚必須從水中獲取食物顆粒以獲取能量)”可知，深海珊瑚礁從水中獲取食物顆粒以獲得能量來(lái)生長(zhǎng)。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Sowerssaiditispossiblelargerdeep-seareefswillbediscoveredinthefuturesinceonlyabout25percentoftheworld’soceanfloorhasbeenmappedin3D.(索爾斯說(shuō)，未來(lái)可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更大的深海珊瑚礁，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥写蠹s25%的海底被繪制成3D地圖)”可知，世界上只有很少的海底被繪制成了3D圖像，因此索爾斯認(rèn)為未來(lái)可能發(fā)現(xiàn)更大的深海珊瑚礁。故選D。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hesaiddeepreefscovermoreoftheoceanfloorthantropicalreefs.Butbotharecurrentlyfacingsimilarrisks,includingclimatechangeanddamagefromexploringoilandgasactivities.(他說(shuō)，深海珊瑚礁比熱帶珊瑚礁覆蓋了更多的海底。但兩種珊瑚礁目前都面臨著類似的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括氣候變化和勘探石油和天然氣活動(dòng)造成的破壞)”可知，人類活動(dòng)對(duì)珊瑚礁造成了破壞。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)一段“Scientistshavemappedthelargestcoralreef(珊瑚礁)offAmerica’sAtlanticcoast.Researcherssaythereefspreadsabout500kilometersfromFloridatoSouthCarolina.Atsomepoints,itis109kilometerswide.Theresearchersmeasuredthereefusing3Dmappingtechnology.(科學(xué)家繪制了美國(guó)大西洋沿岸最大珊瑚礁的地圖。研究人員表示，珊瑚礁從佛羅里達(dá)州延伸到南卡羅來(lái)納州約500公里。在某些地方，它的寬度達(dá)到109公里。研究人員使用3D測(cè)繪技術(shù)測(cè)量了珊瑚礁)”可知，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家使用3D測(cè)繪技術(shù)繪制出美國(guó)西海岸最大的珊瑚礁，并探討了深海珊瑚礁和熱帶珊瑚礁的特點(diǎn)和面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此A項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家繪制了有史以來(lái)最大的深海珊瑚礁”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inatimewhenpeoplecaneasilybuynearlyanyproducttheywant,it’smoreimportantthanevertodeveloptheskilltobecomeasmartshopper.GetusedgoodsWhenspendingnomoneyisn’tachoice,thenextbestchoiceistospendlessmoney.Marketplacewebsitesareagreatplacetolookforusedgoods.____16____Buyingusedgoodsisn’tjustgoodforthewallet,it’salsoeco-friendly.MakealistMakealistandenjoythesatisfactionofcrossingoffeachitem,aswellasthesatisfactionofknowingthatyouhaven’tboughtsomethingyoudon’treallyneed.Havinganorganizedlistindetailingwhatisneededcanpreventmoneyfrombeingspentonthingsthatarenotneeded.____17____Shoppingcanconfuse(使困惑)uswhenwedon’tthinkaboutwhatwereallyneedtobuy.Tradewithothers,don’tbuy____18____However,inmanycasesit’spossibletogetthethingsonewantsandneedsforfree.Tradeisagreatwaytoavoidtheshoppingcenterandstillendupwithapieceofnewclothing,books,oratoybox.Considerjoiningororganizingan“exchanging”clubinthecommunityorreachingouttofriendsandneighborstosharethings.____19____Onlinemarketplacesoftenhavegiveaways.Inaddition,manyonlineservicesofferfreegoods,whicharealwaysworthtakingadvantageof.ShopwithsocialresponsibilityTherearesomanyproductsonthemarket.It’sworthwhiletotakethetimeandpickthemostpropergoods.____20____Sometimes,thepackagingitselfcanbeanimportantclueastohoweco-friendlysomethingis.Lookforplanet-friendlypackagingorgoodswithlittletonopackaging.A.Businessesaresmarttoattractbuyers.B.Ofcourse,sometimes,spendingcan’tbeavoided.C.Somestoresalsooffersomesecondhandgoods.D.Anotherbenefitofalististhatitmakesshoppingeasier.E.Lookforgreenfoodsandenvironmentallyfriendlygoods.F.Besidesexchanging,thereareotherwaystogetgoodsforfree.G.Herearesomemethodsforamorereasonableshoppingexperience.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了成為明智購(gòu)物者的幾個(gè)方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Getusedgoods(購(gòu)買二手商品)”和空處上文“Marketplacewebsitesareagreatplacetolookforusedgoods.(市場(chǎng)網(wǎng)站是尋找二手商品的好地方)”推知，空處很有可能介紹其他尋找二手商品的地方。C項(xiàng)“一些商店也提供一些二手商品”符合題意，secondhand呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的used。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Shoppingcanconfuse(使困惑)uswhenwedon’tthinkaboutwhatwereallyneedtobuy.(當(dāng)我們沒(méi)有考慮到我們真正需要買什么的時(shí)候，購(gòu)物會(huì)讓我們感到困惑)”并結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“Makealist(制作購(gòu)物清單)”可知，不考慮自己真正需要買什么（即沒(méi)有購(gòu)物清單），會(huì)讓購(gòu)物變得困難；由此可知，制作購(gòu)物清單可以讓我們買東西變得容易。D項(xiàng)“清單的另一個(gè)好處是它使購(gòu)物更容易”符合題意，easier對(duì)應(yīng)下文confuse。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“However,inmanycasesit’spossibletogetthethingsonewantsandneedsforfree.(然而，在很多情況下，免費(fèi)得到想要和需要的東西是可能的)”推知，空處內(nèi)容與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然，有時(shí)候，消費(fèi)是無(wú)法避免的”符合語(yǔ)境，雖然消費(fèi)不可避免，但也可以“免費(fèi)”獲得想要的東西，spending對(duì)應(yīng)下文forfree。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Considerjoiningororganizingan“exchanging”clubinthecommunityorreachingouttofriendsandneighborstosharethings.(考慮加入或組織一個(gè)社區(qū)的“交換”俱樂(lè)部，或者與朋友和鄰居分享東西)”和下文“Onlinemarketplacesoftenhavegiveaways.Inaddition,manyonlineservicesofferfreegoods,whicharealwaysworthtakingadvantageof.(在線市場(chǎng)通常有贈(zèng)品。此外，許多在線服務(wù)提供免費(fèi)商品，這總是值得利用的)”可知，除了交換外，還有其他可以免費(fèi)獲得商品的方法。F項(xiàng)“除了交換，還有其他免費(fèi)獲得商品的方法”符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Shopwithsocialresponsibility(有社會(huì)責(zé)任的購(gòu)物)”和空處下文“Sometimes,thepackagingitselfcanbeanimportantclueastohoweco-friendlysomethingis.(有時(shí)候，包裝本身可以成為一個(gè)重要的線索，說(shuō)明一個(gè)東西有多環(huán)保)”可知，我們要盡量購(gòu)買環(huán)保產(chǎn)品。E項(xiàng)“尋找綠色食品和環(huán)保產(chǎn)品”符合題意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OnNewYear’sEve,ateenagersurvivedaterriblehousefire.It’sallthankstothe____21____ofthefamilydog,Macho.NicoleEvans,asinglemom,receiveda(n)____22____callwhileoutoftown,learningthatherhousewasonfire.Macho,sensingthecoming____23____,immediatelytookactionand____24____Nicole’steenageson,Griffin,around5:30a.m.,warninghimofthe____25____.“Hekeptbarking(吠叫)atGriffinandthenjustgavehimasmall____26____,acoupleofthem,andawakenedhim.AndGriffinsaid,‘What’shappening?’Andassoonasheturnedaround,therewasjustno____27____thathehadtoleave.Hehadtogo____28____,”saidthemother.“Itwasprobablythe____29____experienceofmylife,whensomethinghappenedtothepersonyou_____30_____themost.Andtherewasnothingyoucoulddoaboutitandyoucouldn’t_____31_____withhim,”sheadded.Whilethe_____32_____ofthefireisstillunderinvestigation(調(diào)查),thefamilyisleftwithatotallossoftheirhome.Despitethemateriallosses,Nicole_____33_____thegreatvalueofMacho’squickthinkingandloyalty(忠誠(chéng)).Afterthe_____34_____,thecommunityhasunitedaroundtheEvansfamily,_____35_____acharitygrouptocollectmoneytohelpthemgettheirlivesbacktonormal.21.A.curiosity B.luck C.action D.experience22.A.familiar B.worrying C.moving D.expected23.A.danger B.chance C.change D.surprise24.A.madeout B.watchedover C.calmeddown D.wokeup25.A.noise B.fire C.result D.mistake26.A.bite B.shout C.treat D.challenge27.A.news B.risk C.possibility D.doubt28.A.secretly B.confidently C.quickly D.finally29A.funniest B.worst C.coolest D.strangest30.A.love B.admire C.support D.fear31.A.work B.live C.stay D.compete32.A.cause B.direction C.power D.harm33.A.added B.missed C.considered D.stressed34.A.exploration B.disaster C.training D.celebration35.A.guiding B.promising C.forming D.valuing【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了當(dāng)埃文斯家發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)，狗狗Macho迅速采取行動(dòng)，叫醒小主人格里芬，讓他及時(shí)逃出，在火災(zāi)中幸存下來(lái)。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一切都要?dú)w功于家里的狗狗Macho的行動(dòng)。A.curiosity好奇，好奇心；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.action行為；D.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“immediatelytookactionand____4____Nicole’steenageson”可知，因?yàn)镸acho采取了行動(dòng)，妮可·埃文斯的兒子才能幸存。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)紊韹寢屇菘伞ぐＮ乃乖诔龀菚r(shí)接到了一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的電話，得知她的房子著火了。A.familiar熟悉的；B.worrying令人擔(dān)心的；C.moving令人感動(dòng)的；D.expected意料中的。根據(jù)“l(fā)earningthatherhousewasonfire.”可知，這是一個(gè)令人擔(dān)心的電話。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Macho察覺(jué)到即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)，立即采取行動(dòng)，在早上5點(diǎn)30分左右叫醒了妮可十幾歲的兒子格里芬，警告他有火災(zāi)。A.danger危險(xiǎn)；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.change改變，零錢(qián)；D.surprise驚訝，驚喜。根據(jù)上文“herhousewasonfire”可知，房子著火，狗狗察覺(jué)到了即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Macho察覺(jué)到即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)，立即采取行動(dòng)，在早上5點(diǎn)30分左右叫醒了妮可十幾歲的兒子格里芬，警告他有火災(zāi)。A.madeout辨認(rèn)出，理解；B.watchedover看守，照看；C.calmeddown冷靜；D.wokeup（使）醒來(lái)。根據(jù)下文“andawakenedhim.”可知，此處是指狗狗通過(guò)吠叫讓格里芬醒來(lái)。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Macho察覺(jué)到即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)，立即采取行動(dòng)，在早上5點(diǎn)30分左右叫醒了妮可十幾歲的兒子格里芬，警告他有火災(zāi)。A.noise噪音；B.fire火，火災(zāi)；C.result結(jié)果；D.mistake錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)上文“herhousewasonfire.”可知，狗狗提醒格里芬有火災(zāi)。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它一直朝格里芬叫，然后咬了他一小口，然后幾口，就把他吵醒了。A.bite咬；B.shout大叫；C.treat款待；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“Hekeptbarking(吠叫)atGriffin”可知，持續(xù)的吠叫沒(méi)有讓格里芬醒來(lái)，所有狗狗選擇輕咬小主人，最后這個(gè)方法湊效了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一轉(zhuǎn)身，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他必須離開(kāi)。A.news新聞；B.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；C.possibility可能性；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文“thefamilyisleftwithatotallossoftheirhome.”可知，火勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻，所以毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)格里芬當(dāng)時(shí)必須離開(kāi)。Thereisnodoubtthat…“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”為固定句型。故選D。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他必須快速離開(kāi)。A.secretly秘密地；B.confidently自信地；C.quickly快速地；D.finally最終，最后。根據(jù)下文“thefamilyisleftwithatotallossoftheirhome”可知，火勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻，格里芬必須快速離開(kāi)房子。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能是我一生中最糟糕的經(jīng)歷，當(dāng)你最愛(ài)的人發(fā)生了一些事情。A.funniest最有趣的；B.worst最糟糕的；C.coolest最涼爽的，最酷的；D.strangest最強(qiáng)壯的，最堅(jiān)固的。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，房子著火，兒子被困，對(duì)于作為媽媽的埃文斯來(lái)說(shuō)是最糟糕的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能是我一生中最糟糕的經(jīng)歷，那時(shí)你最愛(ài)的人發(fā)生了一些事情。A.love愛(ài)；B.admire欣賞，欽佩；C.support支持；D.fear害怕。通過(guò)上文可知，格里芬是單親媽媽埃文斯的兒子，是她最愛(ài)的人。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你對(duì)此無(wú)能為力，你不能和他呆在一起。A.work工作；B.live生活，居住；C.stay停留，保持，呆；D.compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文“whileoutoftown”和“Hekeptbarking(吠叫)atGriffinandthenjustgavehimasmall____6____,acoupleofthem,andawakenedhim.”可知，火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)埃文斯在城外，而兒子格里芬在家里，因此埃文斯感到很糟糕是因?yàn)闆](méi)能在火災(zāi)時(shí)陪在兒子身邊，即和兒子呆在一起。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然火災(zāi)原因仍在調(diào)查中，但這家人已經(jīng)失去了他們的家園。A.cause原因；B.direction方向；C.power力量，權(quán)力。D.harm傷害。根據(jù)“isstillunderinvestigation(調(diào)查)”可知，此處是指調(diào)查引起火災(zāi)的原因。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管物質(zhì)上有損失，妮可還是強(qiáng)調(diào)了Macho敏捷的思維和忠誠(chéng)的巨大價(jià)值。A.added增加；B.missed想念，錯(cuò)過(guò)；C.considered考慮；D.stressed強(qiáng)調(diào)。結(jié)合上文狗狗通過(guò)吠叫和輕咬叫醒小主人格里芬，讓他可以逃出火災(zāi)推知，盡管有物質(zhì)上的損失了，但埃文斯還是強(qiáng)調(diào)（肯定）了狗狗的敏捷思維和忠誠(chéng)。故選D。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：災(zāi)難發(fā)生后，社區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)在埃文斯一家周圍，成立了一個(gè)慈善組織，籌集資金幫助他們恢復(fù)正常生活。A.exploration探索；B.disaster災(zāi)難；C.training訓(xùn)練；D.celebration慶祝。根據(jù)上文“herhousewasonfire.”和“thefamilyisleftwithatotallossoftheirhome.”可知，這是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：災(zāi)難發(fā)生后，社區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)在埃文斯一家周圍，成立了一個(gè)慈善組織，籌集資金幫助他們恢復(fù)正常生活。A.guiding指導(dǎo)；B.promising承諾；C.forming形成，成立；D.valuing珍惜。根據(jù)“thecommunityhasunitedaroundtheEvansfamily”和“tocollectmoneytohelpthemgettheirlivesbacktonormal”可知，人們自發(fā)成立了一個(gè)慈善組織，幫助埃文斯一家恢復(fù)正常生活。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。MynameisHaroonAliKabeer.IamfromPakistan.Asaforeigner,IamimpressedwithChinesecultureandlandscapes.IhavebeentomanycitiesinChinalike