小學(xué)英語(yǔ)四大時(shí)態(tài)

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)四大時(shí)態(tài)及習(xí)題一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹

【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。

3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：

Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：

WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化

1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。

如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。

一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。

如：-Areyouastudent?

-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?

2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：

Idon'tlikebread.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：

Hedoesn'toftenplay.

一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：

-Doyouoftenplayfootball?

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：

-Doesshegotoworkbybike?

-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks

2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes

3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:

一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)

drink________go_______stay________make________

look_________have_______pass_______

carry____

come________

watch______plant_______fly________

study_______brush________do_________

teach_______

二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.

3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?

6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?

7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?

8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.

11.Mike_______(like)cooking.

12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.

13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.

14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.

15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.

4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.

7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.

9.It’s

5

o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow

10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.

三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))

三、將來(lái)時(shí)

一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；

②will+do.

三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。

例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.

四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。

例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?

五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。

1.

問(wèn)人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.

2.

問(wèn)干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis

afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.

3.

問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?

六、同義句：begoingto=will

Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.

練習(xí)：

填空。

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。

What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.

What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.

3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。

_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?

Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.

4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。

Whattime_______you___________________meet?

改句子。

5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）

Nancy________goingtogocamping.

6.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）

I_______go______jointhem.

7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）

_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?

8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）

_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.

9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）

_______________she_________________________afterschool?四．一般過(guò)去時(shí)：1.動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；不含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)疑問(wèn)句也不難，要把was，were放在主語(yǔ)前。2.經(jīng)常能見(jiàn)到一些表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：yesterday，lastweek/month…，threedaysago等。3、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。1、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，是有規(guī)律可循的。具體的變化規(guī)則如下：（1）一般情況在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed，如：play--played,visit--visited(2)不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加-d，如：live--lived,taste--tasted(3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加-ed，如：fly--flied,study--studied(4)以重讀閉音節(jié)只有一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加-ed，如：swim-swimmed,stop-stopped.4.注意：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed有三種讀音：a.在清輔音后讀作[t]。如：asked,helped,watched,stoppedb.在濁輔音和元音后讀作[d]。如：enjoyed,studied,moved,calledc.在t/d后讀作[id]。如：wanted,needed5.、不規(guī)則變化要牢記：have/has--had,do--did，am/is—was,are—were，go—went,eat—ate,see—saw，take--took,run--ran,send--sent,sleep--slept.read—read,hurt—hurt,一、單項(xiàng)選擇：從下列各題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。(10)()1．Myfather＿＿＿＿＿＿illyesterday．A．isn'tB．a(chǎn)ren'tC．wasn'tD．weren't()2．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourparentsathomelastweek﹖A．IsB．WasC．AreD．Were()3．Thetwins＿＿＿＿＿＿inDalianlastyear．They＿＿＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)erenow．A．a(chǎn)re;wereB．were;areC．was;areD．were;was()4．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourfatheratworktheday＿＿＿＿＿yesterday﹖A．Was;beforeB．Is;beforeC．Was;afterD．Is;after()5．—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖—＿＿＿＿＿＿．A．IamB．IwasC．Yes,IwasD．No,Iwasn't()6.Icleanedmyclassroom___________AwiththreehoursBthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icame_______myhousetwodaysago.Abackon Bbackto CtobackDback()8.___________?Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday()9.Whatdidyoudo________?Iwenttothemovies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday()10.Thekoalasleeps_______，butgetsup_________.Aduringtheday;attheeveningBatday;duringnightCintheday;duringtheevening Dduringtheday;atnight二、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。(10)1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?He________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.6.When________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)itlastyear.7.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.三、翻譯下列句子(20)1.我過(guò)了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。I______________________________________excitingweekend.2.Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語(yǔ)書。Jennylikes_________________.She_________anEnglishbooklastnight.3.Emma每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤](méi)有看。Emma__________TVeveryday.Buthe_________________________yesterday.4.上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購(gòu)物了。What________they__________________Saturday?They___________________homeworkand___________________.5.今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。ThismorningFangfang________________becausehisfather______________yesterday.6.你還有什么要說(shuō)的？What_______wouldyoulike______________?7.放學(xué)別忘了向老師說(shuō)聲再見(jiàn)。Don’tforget___________________________theteacher.8.為什么你昨晚沒(méi)有看電視？Why_______you_______TVlastnight?9.他在打掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。Whenhe______theclassroom,he______awatchontheground.10.他什么時(shí)候出生的？1980年。---When_______he_______?---_______1980.四、改寫句子：(20)1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucy_______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問(wèn)句)___________he_____________________meatinthefridge?3、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.（變一般疑