英語（人教版選修8）課件Unit5Section2WarmingUpReadingLanguagePoints

Unit5

MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡ

WarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、將下列單詞與所對(duì)應(yīng)的英文解釋連線1．a(chǎn)lternative

A．somethingyoucanchoosetodooruseinsteadofsomethingelse2．tentative B．belongingtoasimplywayoflifethatexistedinthepastwithoutmodernindustriesandmachines3．sharpen C．tomakesomethinghaveasharperedgeorpoint4．primitive D．toexamineorthinkaboutsomethingcarefully，inordertounderstandit5．a(chǎn)nalysis E．notdefiniteorcertain，andmaybechangedlater答案：1.A

2.E

3.C

4.B

5.D二、根據(jù)所給詞性和漢語意思寫出英語單詞1．_______________n．可能的選擇adj.供選擇的；其他的→_________v．輪流；交替→____________n．輪流；交替2．________n．挨餓；餓死→______v．使挨餓；使餓死3．_______adj.試探性的；不確定的→_________adv.試探性地→_______________n．試探性；不確定4．_________n．精確；準(zhǔn)確→_________adj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的→__________adv.準(zhǔn)確地5．__________n．分析→__________(pl.)→__________vt.分析→__________n．分析者alternativealternatealternationstarvationstarvetentativetentativelytentativenessaccuracyaccurateaccuratelyanalysisanalysesanalyzeanalyst6．__________v．打斷……講話；打岔；暫時(shí)中斷或中止→______________n．阻斷物；中斷7．________vt.假定；設(shè)想→_________adj.假設(shè)的；假定的→____________n．假定；設(shè)想8．_________v．(使)鋒利；尖銳；清晰→______adj.鋒利的；銳利的→_____________n．磨具；削具9．______adj.足夠的；充足的；富裕的→________adv.充分地；充足地10．_______adj.原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的；簡(jiǎn)陋的→____________adv.最初地→_______________n．原始；原始性interruptinterruptionassumeassumedassumptionsharpensharpsharpenerampleamplyprimitiveprimitivelyprimitiveness根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全短語1．makeatentativeguess______試探猜測(cè)2．compare...______...把……和……相比較3．showsb.______領(lǐng)某人參觀4．regardless______不管；不顧5．______thecenterof以……為中心aboutwitharoundofin6．______most至多；最多7．cut______切碎8．keep______關(guān)在門外；不準(zhǔn)入內(nèi)9．come______aconclusion得出結(jié)論10．differ______不同于at

upouttofrom1．很高興見到你們這些來自英國(guó)并且對(duì)考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生。__________________________youstudentsfromEngland，whoareinterestedinarchaeology.(it作形式主語，后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語。)Itisagreatpleasuretomeet2．我們一直在挖掘一層層的灰燼，幾乎有六米厚，這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬天都在燒火。Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick，whichsuggeststhatthey______________________thefireburningallwinter.(“may/might＋have＋過去分詞”表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測(cè)。)mighthavekept3．是的，很正確。正如植物學(xué)的分析結(jié)果已經(jīng)告訴我們的，這兒四周曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)很大的淺水湖。Yes，indeed，__________________________________，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.(as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，意為“正如……”。)asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownusidentifyv．確認(rèn)；識(shí)別；鑒別；認(rèn)出(P37)①Iidentifiedmydictionary.我認(rèn)出了我的詞典。②Canyouidentifyyourbrotherinthispicture?你能在這張照片上認(rèn)出你哥哥嗎？③Miltonidentifiedthesuspectbythescaronhisface.米爾頓通過那人臉上的傷疤認(rèn)出了他是嫌疑犯。④Heidentifiedhimselfasanoldfriendofthefamily.他自稱是這家人的老朋友。⑤Couldyouidentifyyourumbrellaamongahundredumbrellas?你能從100把雨傘中認(rèn)出你的那一把嗎？⑥Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他認(rèn)為美與善是一致的。⑦Herefusedtoidentifyhimselfwiththenewpoliticalparty.他拒絕與那個(gè)新政黨來往。(1)identifyamong從……中認(rèn)出identifyas確認(rèn)是……identifythrough通過……辨認(rèn)出identify...with...認(rèn)為……等同于……identifyoneselfwith.../Sb.beidentifiedwith...與……有關(guān)聯(lián)；支持……(2)identityn．相同；一致；身份；本人identitycard身份證

1．完成句子①Thelittleboycan’t________(辨認(rèn)出)hisownbag______somanybags.②She____________(認(rèn)出)themanastherobberlastnight.③Wecan’t_________(認(rèn)為……與……等同)wealth______health.identifyamongidentifiedidentifywithalternative(P37)adj.(1)兩者(或若干)中擇一的①Thewaywasblocked，sowewentbyanalternativeroad.這條路被擋住了，因此我們走了另一條路。(2)替代的；供選擇的②Therewasnoalternativerouteopentoher.她別無選擇。n.(1)選擇③Ifyoudon’tliketheschoollunch，youhavethealternativeofbringingyourown.要是你不喜歡學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備的午餐，你可以自己帶飯。(2)供選擇的東西(或辦法等)④Whatalternativesarethere?還有什么可供選擇的？⑤Theyhadnoalternativeinthematter.在這件事上，他們沒有選擇的余地。(1)alternateadj.交替的；交流的；輪流的v．(使)交流；(使)交替alternate...with...……與……交替/替換(2)analternativeto...……的替代品havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做……的選擇havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做……[易混辨析]alternative/choice⑥Ifhehasthechoice，hewouldprefertoreturntoacountrylife.如果由他選擇，他寧可重新過鄉(xiāng)間生活。⑦Youhavethealternativeofleavingorstayingandbehaving.你或是離開，或是留在這里守規(guī)矩，兩者之間請(qǐng)做選擇。2．完成句子我們別無選擇只能等待。①Wehave______________________________.②Wecan__________________.③Wecan’t___________________.nochoice/alternativebuttowaitdonothingbutwaitdoanythingbutwaitstarvationn．挨餓；餓死(P37)①Therearestillmanypeoplesufferingfromstarvationintheworldatpresent.現(xiàn)在，世界上仍然有許多人在挨餓。②Morefoodproduced，therewillbelessornostarvation.糧食生產(chǎn)多了，就會(huì)減少或杜絕饑餓現(xiàn)象。③Theanimalswerelefttostarvetodeath.那些動(dòng)物只能等著餓死。④Thepoorminerswerestarvedintosubmission.那些可憐的礦工們被餓得只好屈服。starvevt.&vi.(使)餓死；渴望starvetodeath餓死starveforsth.渴求/需要某物starvetodosth.想要干某事starveosth./doingsth.斷絕食物(或資金)來源以迫使某人做某事

3．完成句子①成千上萬的牛正在挨餓。Thousandsofcattle____________.②晚飯吃什么？我快要餓死了。What’sforsupper？I’m________________.arestarvingstarvingtodeathawareadj.(P38)(1)明白，知道，意識(shí)到①Hewaswellawareoftheproblem.他很清楚這個(gè)問題。(2)發(fā)覺，察覺到②Sheslippedawaywithouthimbeingawareofit.她悄悄離開了，沒有讓他察覺。(3)對(duì)……有興趣，對(duì)……有意識(shí)的③Youngpeoplearemoreenvironmentallyawarethantheirparents.年輕人的環(huán)境意識(shí)比他們的父輩強(qiáng)。(1)awareadj.知道的；察覺的beawareof...意識(shí)到……，察覺到……beawarethat意識(shí)到，察覺到unawareadj.沒有意識(shí)到的(2)awarenessn．意識(shí)，覺悟anawarenessof...意識(shí)到/認(rèn)識(shí)到……；對(duì)……的一種認(rèn)識(shí)/意識(shí)developanawarenessof...形成/產(chǎn)生對(duì)……的認(rèn)識(shí)/意識(shí)raise/increase/heightentheawarenessofsth.加強(qiáng)/增強(qiáng)/提高對(duì)某事物的認(rèn)識(shí)

4．完成句子①他們非常清楚公司在虧本。They________________thatthecompanywaslosingmoney.②他已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了這個(gè)危險(xiǎn)。He___________________thedanger.werewellawarehasbeenawareof③幾分鐘之后我才意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么事。ItwasseveralminutesbeforeI____________________________________.④我沒有察覺到他的靠近。I_______________hisapproaching.wasawareofwhatwashappeningwasn’tawareofinterruptvt.打擾，插嘴；暫停(P38)①IhopeI’mnotinterruptingyou.我希望我沒有打擾你。②Hisspeechwasconstantlyinterruptedbyapplause.他的講話頻頻被掌聲所打斷。③Heinterruptedhisteacherwithaquestion.他提出一個(gè)問題打斷了老師。④Shetriedtoexplain，butheinterruptedherinmid-sentence.她試圖去解釋，但他卻在她話說了一半時(shí)就打斷了她。(1)interrupt...with...用……打斷……interrupt...in打斷……(2)interruptionn．阻斷物；中斷時(shí)間；打擾withoutinterruption不間斷地

⑤Let’sgosomewherewherewecantalkwithoutinterruption.我們?nèi)フ覀€(gè)說話不受打擾的地方吧。[易混辨析]interrupt/disturb[形象助記]5．完成句子①請(qǐng)你別老是插嘴好嗎？Wouldyoumind__________________allthetime?②他們被敲門聲打斷了。They_____________________aknockatthedoor.③比賽因下雨中斷了幾次。Thegame_________________severaltimesbyrain.notinterruptingwereinterruptedbywasinterruptedassumevt.(P38)(1)假定，假設(shè)，認(rèn)為①Let’sassumeforamomentthatyouhavepassedtheexam.我們暫時(shí)假定你考試及格。(2)承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)，就(職)；取得(權(quán)力)②Theparentsassumedtheresponsibilityforthegirl’seducation.這對(duì)父母承擔(dān)了這個(gè)女孩受教育的責(zé)任。(3)呈現(xiàn)(樣子)，顯露(特征)③Inthestorythegodassumestheformofaneagle.在這個(gè)故事中神以鷹的形象出現(xiàn)。(4)假裝④Heassumedanairofconcern.他假裝出關(guān)心的樣子。(1)assumesth.假設(shè)……；假裝……assumesb./sth.tobe...假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為……Itisassumedthat...據(jù)認(rèn)為……(2)assuming(that)．..如果……；假設(shè)(3)assumedadj.假定的；假設(shè)的(4)assumptionn．假定，假設(shè)；假裝makeanassumption認(rèn)為，假定ontheassumptionthat假定

⑤IhavealwaysassumedhimtobeanAmerican.我一直以為他是一位美國(guó)人。⑥Assumingthatyourcalculationsareright，weshouldtravelnortheast.如果你的推測(cè)是正確的，我們就該往東北方向走。⑦Peopletendtomakeassumptionsaboutyoubasedonyourappearance.人們往往以貌取人。6．完成句子①我本以為他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。I_______________________anhonestman.②一般認(rèn)為，緊張是工作過重所致。It_____________________thatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.③如果那是真的，我們?cè)趺崔k？____________________________________________，whatshallwedo?hadassumedhimtobeisgenerallyassumedAssuming/Providing/Provided/Supposing/Ifitistrueamount(P38)(1)n.總數(shù)，總量①Whatistheamountweowethem？我們總共欠他們多少錢？(2)n.數(shù)量alarge/huge/enormousamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞“大量的”theamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞“……的數(shù)量”(3)vi.合計(jì)，總共(與to連用)②Thetotalcostofjourneyamountedto$100.旅行費(fèi)用總共100美元。(4)vi.相當(dāng)于(與to連用)③Keepingwhatbelongstoothersamountstostealing.將他人物品據(jù)為己有等于盜竊。(5)vi.產(chǎn)生……的結(jié)果(與to連用)④Whathedidmeanshewillneveramounttoanything.他的所作所為意味著他將來不會(huì)有出息。7．完成句子①該服務(wù)器是為儲(chǔ)存大量數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的。Theserverisdesignedtostore___________________data.②據(jù)說他每年的酬金高達(dá)30萬英鎊。Hisearningsaresaidto____________￡300,000peryear.③她的答復(fù)等于完全拒絕。Heranswer_____________acompleterefusal.hugeamountsofamounttoamountedtoregardlessof不管，不顧(P38)①Hecontinuedspeaking，regardlessofmyfeelingsonthematter.他不顧及我在此事上的感受，繼續(xù)往下說。②Everyonehastherighttogoodmedicalcareregardlessoftheirabilitytopay.不管支付能力如何，每個(gè)人都有權(quán)利得到良好的醫(yī)療護(hù)理。regardlessof，despite和inspiteof都表示“不管，不顧”，含義和用法相同。但despite和inspiteof還有“盡管”之意。despite后跟名詞、代詞或從句

③Inspiteof/Despiteallhiseffortshefailed.盡管他已竭盡全力，還是失敗了。④Hewentoutinspiteof/despitetherain.盡管下著雨，他還是出去了。⑤Despitewhatshesays，I’llgo.不管她說什么，我也要去。8．完成句子①不管我怎樣經(jīng)常告誡他，他總是犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。________________howoftenIcorrecthim，healwaysmakesthesamemistake.②他不顧危險(xiǎn)，攀登高塔。__________________danger，heclimbedthetower.RegardlessofRegardlessofcutup(P38)(1)vt.切碎①Youcancutupthecarrotsbeforeyouputthemintothepot.在放入鍋內(nèi)之前應(yīng)先將胡蘿卜切碎。(2)vi.使傷心②Hewasreallycutupwhenallhisfriendsrefusedtohelphim.當(dāng)所有的朋友拒絕幫助他時(shí)，他極為難過。cutdown砍倒(樹木)，縮減cutin＝breakin插嘴，插隊(duì)cutoff切斷(電力、水、煤氣等)；中止；切下；斷絕cutout剪下，切除，刪除cutthrough刺穿cutacross抄近路cutaway切掉；逃走，跑開cutintohalves切成兩半

③Iusuallycutacrossthefieldonmywaytoschool.我上學(xué)常抄近路，從這塊地里走。④Weneedtocutthearticledownto2,000words.我們需要把這篇文章壓縮到2000字。[形象助記]9．用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空①Itisimpoliteforchildrentocut_______whentheirseniorsaretalking.②Thecarindustrycut______production.③Theycut______allthedeadbranchesfromthetree.indownawayTheycouldn’thavemats，blanketsorquiltslikewedo.Itmust

have

beenveryuncomfortable.他們不可能像我們一樣有席子、毛毯或棉被。那肯定很不舒服。(P38)?musthavedone是對(duì)過去所發(fā)生事情的肯定的推測(cè)，意為“想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做了某事”。①Youmusthavegonetobedlatelastnight.Youlooktired.昨天晚上你一定睡得很晚，你看起來很疲倦。②—Guesswhat！IhavegotAformytermpaper.猜猜！我學(xué)期論文得了A?！狦reat！Youmusthavereadwidelyandputalotofworkintoit.太好了。你一定是廣泛閱讀和全身心投入了。(1)“can/could＋havedone”表示對(duì)過去某事進(jìn)行推測(cè)，常用于疑問句或否定句。“could＋havedone”也可表示