四川省南充市高三下學(xué)期高考適應(yīng)性考試（二診）英語(yǔ)試題

南充市高2023屆高考適應(yīng)性考試(二診)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分,其中試題卷共12頁(yè),答題卡共2頁(yè)。滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上,否則無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后將答題卡收回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)回答聽(tīng)力部分時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisspecialaboutthewoman’stripthisyear?A.She’lltakeaship.B.She’llgoabroad.C.She’llflytoSingapore.2.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Startapany.B.Designanewproduct.C.Employmorepeople3.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.ebackonFriday.B.Buythetrousersatonce.C.Havethetrousersshortened.4.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket,5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abrokenbridge.B.Acaraccident.C.Atrafficjam.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Whythewomanistakingtheshuttle.B.Whenthewomanhasherclasses.C.Wheretheman’snextclassis.7.Whatwillthemando?A.Walktotheothersideoftheschool.B.Waitforabuswiththewoman.C.Haveaclass.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至9題。8.Wherewillthewomanhavethedesksdelivered?A.ToNo.52CYorkAvenue.B.ToNo.8YorkAvenueC.ToNo.5YorkAvenue.9.Whatissaidaboutthedelivery?A.Itwillreceivea10%discount.B.Itwillbepaidincash.C.Itwillarriveaheadoftime聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Thereceipt.B.Theplanetickets.C.Thewallet,11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Heisforgetful.B.Heistoobusy.C.Heiscareless.12.Wheredoesthewomansuggestthemansearch?A.Inhissuitcase,B.Inhispockets.C.Inhisdesk聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesSabinathinkisthemostimportantforapetition?A.Tobephysicallyfit.B.Tobementallyprepared.C.Tobeprofessionallytrained.14.WhatdoesSabinathinkaboutbeforegoingoncourt?A.Thepetitor.B.Thetechnique.C.Thetraining.15.WhatdoweknowaboutSabina?A.Shebecamestrongeraftereatingsomemeat.B.SheplayedagameatWimbledontwoweeksago.C.Sheisavegetarian.16.WhatwillSabinadoaftershestopsplayingtennis?A.Enjoyherfreetime.B.Traintennisplayers.C.Findafulltimejob.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Saturday.18.Whatskillcancamperslearnthroughthistrip?A.Howtomakeuseofcookingequipment.B.Howtoavoiddangerousanimals.C.Howtofindsafenaturalfood.19.Howwillcamperscookfood?A.Withacampingcooker.B.Onahotrock.C.Withafryingpan.20.Whatcancampersdrink?A.Juices.B.Boiledwater.C.Hotchocolate.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AStartinganewbookcanfeellikeabitofamitment,butitdoesn’thavetobe!Herearefourbooksyoucanreadinasingleday.TheHouseonMangoStreetReleasedin1984andwrittenbyMexicanAmericanauthorSandraCisneros,TheHouseonMangoStreetisonly103pageslong.It’sarapidreadforthoselookingtodiptheirtoesintothewater,butitstilldealswithplexthemesandimportantsubjectmattersincludinglanguage,race,ageingandtroubles.TheMidnightLibraryTheMidnightLibraryfromtheEnglishauthorMattHaigwasreleasedin2020.It’s288pages,whichmakesitalittlemorechallengingbutstillabsolutelydoableinasingleday.Thenovelisallaboutstorytelling,withNoraSeedexploringthe“whatifs”ofherlife.ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeoReleasedin2012andwrittenbythefantasticMalaysianEnglishauthorZenCho,thepagecountisanextremelymanageable76pages,whichmakesthisanothereffectivefirstreadinoneday.ThenovelissetinLondoninthe1920sandfollowsthelifeofanotherwriter,JadeYeo.Thereisevenenoughtimeforreaderstoappreciateafilmadaptationofthebookafterreadingit.StardustThe1999novelbyEnglishauthorNeilGaimanisaperfectpresentationofthewriter’sfantasystylingsattheirbest.Stardust,whichbecameamajormotionpicture,sitsat256pages.It’sepicinitsscale,butthereadercanfitthenovelintoasingleday,givingthematruesenseofabsoluteescapismtothefantasylandofStormhold.1.WhatisNOTinvolvedinthebookwrittenbySandraCisneros?A.Language. B.Race. C.Literature D.Growingold2.Whichbookisabitmoredifficulttofinishinaday?A.TheHouseonMangoStreet.B.TheMidnightLibraryC.ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo.D.Stardust3.WhatdoThePerilousLifeofJadeYeoandStardusthaveinmon?ATheyarebothsetinLondon.B.Theyarebothintendedforfantasyreaders.C.Theywerebothmadeintoafilm.D.Thecharactersinthetwobooksarefictional.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹的是可以在一天內(nèi)讀完的四本書(shū)的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHouseonMangoStreet部分的“Releasedin1984andwrittenbyMexicanAmericanauthorSandraCisneros,TheHouseonMangoStreetisonly103pageslong.It’sarapidreadforthoselookingtodiptheirtoesintothewater,butitstilldealswithplexthemesandimportantsubjectmattersincludinglanguage,race,ageingandtroubles.(《芒果街上的房子》出版于1984年，由墨西哥裔美國(guó)作家SandraCisneros撰寫(xiě)，全書(shū)只有103頁(yè)。這本書(shū)對(duì)于那些想要涉水的人來(lái)說(shuō)是一本快速讀物，但它仍然涉及復(fù)雜的主題和重要的主題，包括語(yǔ)言、種族、衰老和煩惱)”可知，SandraCisneros寫(xiě)的書(shū)中沒(méi)有涉及文學(xué)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMidnightLibrary部分的“It’s288pages,whichmakesitalittlemorechallengingbutstillabsolutelydoableinasingleday.(這本書(shū)有288頁(yè)，這使得它更具挑戰(zhàn)性，但在一天內(nèi)仍然完全可以完成)”可知，TheMidnightLibrary這本書(shū)在一天內(nèi)讀完比較難。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo部分的“Thereisevenenoughtimeforreaderstoappreciateafilmadaptationofthebookafterreadingit.(這本書(shū)甚至有足夠的時(shí)間讓讀者在讀完之后欣賞根據(jù)這本書(shū)改編的電影)”和Stardust部分的“Stardust,whichbecameamajormotionpicture,sitsat256pages.(Stardust后來(lái)成為一部重要的電影，長(zhǎng)達(dá)256頁(yè))”可知，ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo和Stardust兩本書(shū)的共同點(diǎn)是它們都被拍成了電影。故選C。BForyears,Ilivedoutofasuitcase,everreadytogetonaflightwheneverIgotachance.Discoveringtheworldthroughtheeyesofawriter,Idiligentlyaddednotetoeveryexperience,mittingittopaperforwhenmemoryfaded.Iwasalwayseagerforthenextdestination.However,thepandemicbroughtallmyflightsoffancytoasuddenhalt,asitdidforeveryoneelse.Withtheworldlockeddownformonths,thedesirefortravelinmewaned.Whatplacewasbetterthanhome?Butwhatreallywashome?IwasborninthecostalcityofMumbai.Havinglivedherefor15years,therewerepartsIknewatlengthandloved,andothersbeyondmyfortzone,whichIhadn’texplored.Idecidedtobeeatourist,seeingthecityanewthroughtheeyesofavisitor,ratherthanmyboredonesasalocal.IwentonasunsetcruiseforthefirsttimeonatinysailboatonthemagicalArabianSea.Butmostofthetimewespentindoors.TheUnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganizationsaidthebiggestchallengeofpandemictravelistheuncertaintyandthedifferentrulesindifferentcountriestoobey.Ifinallygotonaplanetomakeittotheclosestdestinationpossibletousbyflight—thesunshinestateofGoa,lessthananhourawayfromMumbai.Puttingmytoeintosoftpowderysandwasprecious,evenafteralifetimeorexotictravel.Afteraweekofblissonthebeach,though,Iwasrelievedtobebackhome.Eversince,Ihavemadeafewshortjourneysbutthetravelbugseemstohavebeenputdown,atleastfornow.Butevenastouristswillbeflockingalloverasrevengetraveltakesover,Ihaverealizedthatthereisnoplacequitelikehome.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waned”meaninparagraph2?A.Appeared. B.Paused. C.Declined. D.Climbed.5.Whatisthebiggestchallengetotravelduringthepandemictime?A.Thecrowdedtrafficincertaindestinations.B.People’sfearofbeinginfectedbytheviruses.C.Thehighcostoftravellinginsuchaspecialtime.D.Thedifferentpoliciestoobserveindifferentnations.6.WhichstatementisNOTcorrectaccordingtothetext?A.Theexotictravelisbetterthanthatofathome.B.TheauthorusedtohavegreatpassionfortravellingC.TheauthorfeltrelaxedafteraweekoffunonthebeachD.Theauthorexploredhis/hercityfromanewperspective7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MyTravellingThirstSatisfiedatHomeB.MyDesireforTravellinginthePandemicC.MyRevengeTravellingafterthePandemicD.ChallengesofTravellingTakenatHome【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者很喜歡旅游，但是疫情期間旅游受限，作者反而覺(jué)得沒(méi)有哪個(gè)地方比得上家?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段劃線單詞前一句“However,thepandemicbroughtallmyflightsoffancytoasuddenhalt,asitdidforeveryoneelse.(然而，像其他人一樣，疫情讓我所有的幻想都戛然而止。)”以及劃線單詞下一句“Whatplacewasbetterthanhome?(還有什么地方比家更好呢？)”可知，作者對(duì)于旅游的渴望沒(méi)之前強(qiáng)烈了。選項(xiàng)A“Appeared(出現(xiàn))”；選項(xiàng)B“Paused(停止)”；選項(xiàng)C“Declined(下降)”；選項(xiàng)D“Climbed(爬)”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheUnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganizationsaidthebiggestchallengeofpandemictravelistheuncertaintyandthedifferentrulesindifferentcountriestoobey.(聯(lián)合國(guó)世界旅游組織表示，疫情期間旅行的最大挑戰(zhàn)是不確定性和不同國(guó)家要遵守的不同規(guī)則。)”可知，疫情期間旅行面對(duì)的最大挑戰(zhàn)是需要遵守各個(gè)國(guó)家的不同規(guī)則。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ifinallygotonaplanetomakeittotheclosestdestinationpossibletousbyflight—thesunshinestateofGoa,lessthananhourawayfromMumbai.Puttingmytoeintosoftpowderysandwasprecious,evenafteralifetimeorexotictravel.Afteraweekofblissonthebeach,though,Iwasrelievedtobebackhome.(我終于坐上了飛機(jī)，飛往離我們最近的目的地——陽(yáng)光普照的果阿邦，距離孟買(mǎi)不到一小時(shí)的路程。把腳趾伸進(jìn)柔軟的粉狀沙子里是很珍貴的，即使是在經(jīng)歷了一生或異國(guó)旅行之后。不過(guò)，在海灘上享受了一周的幸福之后，回到家讓我松了一口氣。)”可知，國(guó)內(nèi)旅游不比異國(guó)旅游差。選項(xiàng)A“Theexotictravelisbetterthanthatofathome.(異國(guó)旅行比在國(guó)內(nèi)好。)”表述錯(cuò)誤。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Eversince,Ihavemadeafewshortjourneysbutthetravelbugseemstohavebeenputdown,atleastfornow.Butevenastouristswillbeflockingalloverasrevengetraveltakesover,Ihaverealizedthatthereisnoplacequitelikehome.(從那以后，我做了幾次短途旅行，但至少現(xiàn)在，旅行的毛病似乎已經(jīng)被放下了。但是，盡管游客們會(huì)蜂擁而來(lái)，因?yàn)閳?bào)復(fù)性旅游占據(jù)了上風(fēng)，但我已經(jīng)意識(shí)到，沒(méi)有哪個(gè)地方比得上家。)”可知，作者對(duì)旅游的渴望被家的感覺(jué)所治愈了。所以“MyTravellingThirstSatisfiedatHome(我的旅行渴望在家里得到了滿足)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。CFromlittlehummingbirds(蜂鳥(niǎo))tobigwildgeese,roughlyhalfoftheworld’smorethan10,000birdspeciesmigrate.Longerwingsandstrongflyingmusclesoftenhelpthesebirdsflyintheairforalongdistance.Butanewstudyofnearlyallbirdspeciessuggestsmanymigratorsshareanotherunexpectedflightaid:lightercoloredfeathers.Researcherssaythathavingmorelightlycoloredfeathersthannonmigratingbirdsmayhelptheselongdistanceflyersstaycoolastheyworkhardunderthehotsuntofly.It’sknownthatcolorcanhelpbirdshidefromsomedangerousanimalswhichcanhuntthemasfood,orattractmatesbystandingout.Butcolorhasdelicateeffectstoo,includingregulatingtemperaturebyabsorbingorreflectinglight,saysKasparDelhey.Forexample,birdeggslaidincolderclimatestendtobedarker,whichmayhelpkeepthemwarm.Migratingbirdspushtheirbodiestothephysiologicallimit,whichcreatesmoreheat.Somespeciesdealingwiththeproblembyflyingtocoolerairduringdaytime.“Ifoverheatingisaprobleminmigratorybirds,anotherwayofdealingwiththatwouldbetoevolvelightercolorsthatabsorblessheat,”Delheysays.Delheyandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover20,000picturesof10,618birdspecies,rankingwinglightnessforeachspeciesandparingthatwithhowfarthebirdsfly.Onaverage,lightnessslightlyincreasedwithmigratorydistance,theteamfound.Thelongestdistancemigratorswereabout4percentlighterthannomigrators,aneffectthatwasn’texplainedbysize,climateorhabitattypefordifferentspecies.“It’snotabigdifference,”Delheysays,notingthatmanymigratorsaredarklycolored,perhapsforreasonsunrelatedtoflight.Butthetrendwassignificantlyconsistent.8.Whatadvantageofthemigratorsisbeyondpeople’sknowledge?A.Theyhavelargegroups.B.Theyhavelongerwings.C.Theyhavestrongbodies.D.Theyhavelightercoloredfeathers.9.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofthebirdeggs?A.Toindicatethatthedarkcolorscanreflectlight.B.Toexplainwhybirdskeepeggswarmincoldclimates.C.Toprovethatcolorplaysaroleinadjustingtemperatures.D.Toshowhowcolorhelpsbirdsavoidbeingseenbyhunters.10.Whatproblemdomigratorshavetodealwithduringmigration?A.Thelackoffood.B.Thelongdistance.C.Thecoolerandcoolerclimate.D.Theincreasingbodytemperature.11.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirconclusion?A.Bycheckingfigures.B.Bymakingparisons.C.Bymakingquestionnaires.D.Bydrawingpictures.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了研究人員的新發(fā)現(xiàn)：長(zhǎng)途遷徙的候鳥(niǎo)擁有顏色更淺的羽毛。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butanewstudyofnearlyallbirdspeciessuggestsmanymigratorsshareanotherunexpectedflightaid:lightercoloredfeathers.(但一項(xiàng)針對(duì)幾乎所有鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的新的研究表明，許多候鳥(niǎo)都有另一種意想不到的飛行輔助物：顏色較淺的羽毛。)”以及第二段“Researcherssaythathavingmorelightlycoloredfeathersthannonmigratingbirdsmayhelptheselongdistanceflyersstaycoolastheyworkhardunderthehotsuntofly.(研究人員說(shuō)，與非遷徙鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)相比，羽毛顏色更淺這可能有助于這些長(zhǎng)途飛行的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在炎熱的太陽(yáng)下努力飛行時(shí)保持涼爽。)”可知，很多候鳥(niǎo)羽毛顏色較淺，這有助于它們長(zhǎng)途飛行，這是人們以前沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到的。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Butcolorhasdelicateeffectstoo,includingregulatingtemperaturebyabsorbingorreflectinglight,saysKasparDelhey.Forexample,birdeggslaidincolderclimatestendtobedarker,whichmayhelpkeepthemwarm.(但顏色也有微妙的影響，包括通過(guò)吸收或反射光線來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)溫度，KasparDelhey說(shuō)。例如，在寒冷氣候下的鳥(niǎo)蛋往往顏色較深，這可能有助于保暖。)”可知，作者提到鳥(niǎo)蛋的例子是為了證明上句的觀點(diǎn)：顏色有微妙的影響，能夠通過(guò)吸收或反射光線來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)溫度。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Migratingbirdspushtheirbodiestothephysiologicallimit,whichcreatesmoreheat.Somespeciesdealingwiththeproblembyflyingtocoolerairduringdaytime.‘Ifoverheatingisaprobleminmigratorybirds,anotherwayofdealingwiththatwouldbetoevolvelightercolorsthatabsorblessheat,’Delheysays.(遷徙的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)將身體推向生理極限，從而產(chǎn)生更多的熱量。一些物種通過(guò)在白天飛到?jīng)鏊目諝庵衼?lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?！绻^(guò)熱是候鳥(niǎo)的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，另一種處理方法是進(jìn)化出更淺的顏色，吸收更少的熱量，’Delhey說(shuō)。)”可知，候鳥(niǎo)在遷徙過(guò)程中必須解決體溫升高的問(wèn)題。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Delheyandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover20,000picturesof10,618birdspecies,rankingwinglightnessforeachspeciesandparingthatwithhowfarthebirdsfly.Onaverage,lightnessslightlyincreasedwithmigratorydistance,theteamfound.Thelongestdistancemigratorswereabout4percentlighterthannomigrators,aneffectthatwasn’texplainedbysize,climateorhabitattypefordifferentspecies.(Delhey和他的同事分析了10,618種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的20,000多張照片，對(duì)每種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的翅膀顏色深淺度進(jìn)行排名，并將其與鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的飛行距離進(jìn)行比較。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，平均而言，隨著遷徙距離越遠(yuǎn)，顏色也越淺。遷徙距離最長(zhǎng)的候鳥(niǎo)比留鳥(niǎo)顏色淺約4%，這種影響并不能用不同物種的大小、氣候或棲息地類(lèi)型來(lái)解釋。。)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)比較鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)遷徙距離和羽毛顏色的深淺度得出研究結(jié)論。故選B。DInprinciple,itsoundssimple:eatlessandmovemore.Thisdietaryadviceforhandlingobesityhasbeenaroundfordecades.Yet,despiteallthecaloriecounting,dietingandexercising,worldwideobesityratesjustkeepsoaringup.Inarecentpaper,researchersquestionthebasicassumptionofwhethertakinginmorecaloriesthanyouburnreallyistheprimarycauseofobesity.Theyarguethattheevidenceactuallypointstheotherway:wearedriventoovereatbecausewearegettingfatter.Thismayseemincredible,butconsidertherapidadolescentgrowth.Astheirgrowthratespeedsup,teenagersmayeatmuchmorethantheyusedto.Doesthis“overeating”causetherapidgrowth?Ordoestherapidgrowthmaketeenshungriersotheyeatmore?Clearlythelatter,asadultswon’tgrowtaller,nomatterhowmuchtheyeat.Afewhoursaftereatingahighcarbmeal,thenumberofcaloriesinthebloodstreamdropsdramatically,sowegethungriersooner.Fromthisperspective,thedifficultyresistinghungerthatsomanydietershaveisn’tasignofpoordiscipline,butratherabiologicalprobleminvolvinghowourbodiesdistributethecaloriesweconsume.Alowcalorie,lowfatdietfurtherrestrictsanalreadylimitedsupplyofenergy,worseninghungerwithoutaddressingtheunderlyingtendencytostoretoomanycaloriesinbodyfat.Consequently,weightlossbeesabattlebetweenmindandmetabolism(新陳代謝)thatmostpeoplewillprobablylose.Althoughmuchmoreresearchwillbeneededtotestthiscontroversialidea,itistimetoquestionthebasicassumptionsaboutcauseandeffect,caloriesandweightgainthathavedominatedourthinkingfordecades.12.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itisextremelytoughtodealwithoverweight.B.Eatinglessandmovingmorewillmakeyouloseweight.C.Weareforcedtoeatmorefoodbecausewearegettingfatter.D.Takinginmorecaloriesthanyouburnisthemaincauseofobesity.13.Whyisitdifficultfordieterstoresisthungeraccordingtothetext?A.Becausethedietersarefondofeatingahighcarbmeal.B.Becausesomeofthedietersareweakinselfdiscipline.C.Becausethenumberofcaloriesintheblooddropsdramatically.D.Becausethecaseismorerelatedtothedistributionofcaloriestakenin.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutalowcalorie,lowfatdietaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itcausespeopletofeelhungrier.B.Itsolvesthetendencyfortoomuchfat.C.Itprovidestheenergypeopleneed.D.Itmakespeoplelosetheirmetabolism.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecauseandeffectbetweencaloriesandweightgain?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是在最近的一篇論文中，研究人員質(zhì)疑了一個(gè)基本假設(shè)，即攝入的卡路里是否真的是導(dǎo)致肥胖的主要原因。他們認(rèn)為，事實(shí)恰恰相反:我們之所以吃得過(guò)多，是因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)絹?lái)越胖?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Yet,despiteallthecaloriecounting,dietingandexercising,worldwideobesityratesjustkeepsoaringup.(然而，盡管我們?cè)谟?jì)算卡路里、節(jié)食和鍛煉，全球肥胖率仍在飆升。)”可知，處理超重問(wèn)題是極其困難的。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Fromthisperspective,thedifficultyresistinghungerthatsomanydietershaveisn’tasignofpoordiscipline,butratherabiologicalprobleminvolvinghowourbodiesdistributethecaloriesweconsume.(從這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，許多節(jié)食者難以抵抗饑餓并不是缺乏自制力的表現(xiàn)，而是一個(gè)生物學(xué)問(wèn)題，涉及到我們的身體如何分配我們消耗的卡路里。)”可知，節(jié)食者很難抵抗饑餓是因?yàn)檫@種情況更與攝入的卡路里分布有關(guān)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Alowcalorie,lowfatdietfurtherrestrictsanalreadylimitedsupplyofenergy,worseninghungerwithoutaddressingtheunderlyingtendencytostoretoomanycaloriesinbodyfat.(低卡路里、低脂肪的飲食進(jìn)一步限制了本已有限的能量供應(yīng)，加劇了饑餓感，卻沒(méi)有解決身體脂肪中儲(chǔ)存過(guò)多卡路里的潛在趨勢(shì)。)”可知，低熱量低脂肪飲食使人們感到更餓。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Althoughmuchmoreresearchwillbeneededtotestthiscontroversialidea,itistimetoquestionthebasicassumptionsaboutcauseandeffect,caloriesandweightgainthathavedominatedourthinkingfordecades.(雖然還需要更多的研究來(lái)驗(yàn)證這個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的想法，但現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候質(zhì)疑幾十年來(lái)主導(dǎo)我們思維的關(guān)于因果關(guān)系、卡路里和體重增加的基本假設(shè)了。)”可知，作者對(duì)卡路里和體重增加之間的因果關(guān)系持懷疑態(tài)度，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Speakingwithpeoplewhoaresufferingisdifficult.____16____Sometimesit’sjustdifficulttoknowwhattosay.Wordsfailus.Herearesometipsfortalkingaboutillnesswithlovedones.____17____Visitthem,orifthat’snotpossible,justcallthem.Don’tworryifyouweren’tthereintheirexacthourofneed.It’simportanttoletthemknowyou’vebeenthinkingofthemandthatyouregretthedelay.Askspecificopenquestions.Yourfriendwillnodoubthavearoutineresponseto“Howareyoufeeling?”Sosteerawayfromroutinepolitenessbyaskingspecificopenquestions,suchas,“Somuchhashappenedsincewelastspoke,tellmewhat’sbeengoingonwithyou.”____18____Don’targuewiththem.Youmayindeedbelievethatdrinkingherbteaisacureall,orafriendofyourfriendmightwellhavebenefitedfromadietarychange.____19____Yourfriendislikelyexhaustedandsensitive,sothereisnoneedtocontradicttheirlivedexperience.Letthemleadtheconversationabouttheirhealth,whichisasmallconcessionthatyoushouldmake.Knowhowtoassistthem.Ifyou’vegiventhemenoughroomtotalk,youshouldhaveawealthofinformationabouthowtohelpthem.____20____Dotheylikebeinginthegarden?Maybeyou’vebeencuttingyourownlawnandcouldbringthemowerroundbeforeyouputitaway.A.Reachouttoyourunwelllovedone.B.Approachthesituationinagentlemanner.C.Butrememberwhereyouareandwhyyouarethere.D.Peopleinpaincanoftenbebadtempered,distantorgreatlyinneed.E.Yoursickfriendorrelativeisliterallyanexpertinwhatit’sliketolivewithsickness.F.Specificinformationsuchasdiagnosisandsymptomsiswhattheyarewillingtoshare.G.Makesuggestionstoyourfriendsbasedonyourcloselisteningandknowledgeoftheirhistory.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。和正在遭受痛苦的人交談是困難的，有時(shí)候會(huì)無(wú)話可說(shuō)，作者在文中介紹了一些如何與所愛(ài)的親人朋友談?wù)摷膊〉慕ㄗh?！?6題詳解】上文“Speakingwithpeoplewhoaresufferingisdifficult.(與正在遭受痛苦的人交談是很困難的。)”說(shuō)明與正在受苦的人交談是個(gè)難題；D選項(xiàng)“Peopleinpaincanoftenbebadtempered,distantorgreatlyinneed.(處于痛苦中的人往往脾氣暴躁、冷漠或非常需要幫助。)”承接上文，闡述了與正遭受痛苦的人交談很難的原因，選項(xiàng)中的“Peopleinpain”與上文“peoplewhoaresuffering”表達(dá)的內(nèi)容一致。故選D?！?7題詳解】由文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處為此段的主旨句，結(jié)合第三、四、五段的段首句可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為祈使句；由下文“Visitthem,orifthat’snotpossible,justcallthem.Don’tworryifyouweren’tthereintheirexacthourofneed.It’simportanttoletthemknowyou’vebeenthinkingofthemandthatyouregretthedelay.(看望他們，或者如果不可能，請(qǐng)致電他們。如果您在他們需要的確切時(shí)間不在那里，請(qǐng)不要擔(dān)心。重要的是要讓他們知道你一直在想他們，并且你對(duì)延遲感到遺憾。)”可知此段建議主動(dòng)伸出援手，聯(lián)系你身體不適的親人或朋友，讓他們知道你在惦記著他們。A選項(xiàng)“Reachouttoyourunwelllovedone.(主動(dòng)聯(lián)系您身體不適的親人。)”符合本段主旨，適合作為主旨句。故選A?！?8題詳解】由主旨句“Askspecificopenquestions.(問(wèn)一些具體的開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題。)”以及設(shè)空處上文“Sosteerawayfromroutinepolitenessbyaskingspecificopenquestions,suchas,‘Somuchhashappenedsincewelastspoke,tellmewhat’sbeengoingonwithyou.’(所以，避開(kāi)常規(guī)的禮貌，問(wèn)一些具體的開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題，比如，‘自從我們上次談話以來(lái)，發(fā)生了很多事情，告訴我你發(fā)生了什么事?！?”可知，本段建議問(wèn)一些具體的開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題；F選項(xiàng)“Specificinformationsuchasdiagnosisandsymptomsiswhattheyarewillingtoshare.(診斷和癥狀等具體信息是他們?cè)敢夥窒淼摹?”舉例說(shuō)明哪些具體信息是身體不適的人愿意交流的，符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的“Specificinformation”與上文以及主旨句中的“askingspecificopenquestions”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F?！?9題詳解】由主旨句“Don’targuewiththem.(不要和他們爭(zhēng)論。)”可知此段建議不要和身體不適的人爭(zhēng)論；上文“Youmayindeedbelievethatdrinkingherbteaisacureall,orafriendofyourfriendmightwellhavebenefitedfromadietarychange.(你可能真的相信喝草藥茶是包治百病的良藥，或者你朋友的朋友很可能從飲食變化中受益。)”說(shuō)明你可能會(huì)有自己的觀點(diǎn)；C選項(xiàng)“Butrememberwhereyouareandwhyyouarethere.(但要記住你在哪里，你為什么在那里。)”承接上文，說(shuō)明即使你有自己的觀點(diǎn)，但是要記住你是在和病人交談，不要反駁他們；下文“Yourfriendislikelyexhaustedandsensitive,sothereisnoneedtocontradicttheirlivedexperience.(你的朋友可能很疲憊和敏感的，所以沒(méi)有必要反駁他們的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”承接C選項(xiàng)，闡述了不要與生病的人爭(zhēng)論的原因；由此可知，C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Knowhowtoassistthem.Ifyou’vegiventhemenoughroomtotalk,youshouldhaveawealthofinformationabouthowtohelpthem.(知道如何幫助他們。如果你給了他們足夠的談話空間，你應(yīng)該有很多關(guān)于如何幫助他們的信息)”說(shuō)明在交談中要知道如何去幫助對(duì)方；G選項(xiàng)“Makesuggestionstoyourfriendsbasedonyourcloselisteningandknowledgeoftheirhistory.(根據(jù)你的仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)和對(duì)他們歷史的了解，給你的朋友提出建議。)”闡述了可以通過(guò)認(rèn)真傾聽(tīng)以及根據(jù)對(duì)對(duì)方過(guò)去的了解，給出符合實(shí)際情況的一些建議，來(lái)給與幫助；下文“Dotheylikebeinginthegarden?Maybeyou’vebeencuttingyourownlawnandcouldbringthemowerroundbeforeyouputitaway.(他們喜歡呆在花園里嗎？也許你一直在修剪自己的草坪，在你把它收起來(lái)之前，可以把割草機(jī)帶過(guò)來(lái)。)”承接選項(xiàng)G,舉例說(shuō)明如何根據(jù)對(duì)所愛(ài)的人的了解來(lái)提供幫助。由此可知G選項(xiàng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Whilethereisn’tanythinguniqueaboutan8yearoldlongingforapetdogtheextremestowhichJennaBateswaswillingtogomakeherunique.“Mydadreallydidn’twantadog,soIknewIhadtodosomethingsuper___21___toearnone,”shesaid.ThenJenna___22___withadealherfathercouldn’t___23___.She’d___24___sugarofalltypesforayear,andherparentswouldrewardherstrong___25___withapuppydog.“Oh,she’llnever___26___it.”Mr.Batessaid.Hefiguredadayofwatchingherfriendseatpizzawouldendanymore___27___aboutdogs.Afterall,Jennahadnevereven___28___toreadafoodlabelbeforemakingthisdeal.___29___heraffectionforsweets,shestartedthedealwithconfidence.AsJennareadthe____30____onthefood,shewas____31____tolearnmostchips,ketchup,bread,andcrackershadaddedsugar.“ThenIlookedatmy____32____meal,andthenIlookedatmynormallunch.Ithought,“WhatdidIdo?”shesaid.“Butthen,Ithought,‘Icandoitformydog!’”Thenthatkept____33____overandover.Actually,shefoundherself____34____hernewlivingwaysopletelythatshehadnoplanstogiveitup.Dad____35____broughtforwardhisendofthe____36____earlierthismonth.Thefamily____37____fortwohourstopickuptheir____38____member—Lucy,thegoldendoodle.Jennamaynotbesurehowmuchlongershe’llstayawayfromsugar,____39____sheissureaboutonething—beingadogownerisevenbetterthanshe’d____40____.21.A.hard B.simple C.sharp D.urgent22.A.caughtup B.putup C.filledup D.cameup23.A.help B.think C.resist D.regret24.A.miss B.lose C.link D.quit25.A.will B.strength C.desire D.purpose26.A.get B.make C.lose D.bring27.A.conversations B.options C.sections D.solutions28.A.agreed B.bothered C.aimed D.intended29.A.Infavorof B.Intermsof C.Inspiteof D.Inhonorof30.A.dates B.names C.labels D.brands31.A.worried B.pleased C.thrilled D.horrified32.A.expensive B.healthy C.delicious D.entire33.A.remaining B.reminding C.repeating D.reviewing34.A.expecting B.embracing C.evaluating D.exploring35.A.frequently B.cautiously C.deliberately D.officially36.A.bargain B.problem C.lesson D.budget37.A.walked B.chose C.drove D.separated38.A.oldest B.newest C.best D.fastest39.A.but B.so C.or D.and40.A.remended B.predicted C.understood D.imagined【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.B29.C30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位名叫JennaBates的女孩，一年前向她的父母提出了一個(gè)想法——她將戒糖一年以換取一只小狗，她做到了，如愿以償獲得小狗?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)：“我爸爸真的不想養(yǎng)狗，所以我知道我必須做一些超級(jí)困難的事情來(lái)贏得一只狗?！盇.hard困難的；B.simple簡(jiǎn)單的，樸素的；C.sharp鋒利的，敏銳的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)上文“Whilethereisn’tanythinguniqueaboutan8yearoldlongingforapetdog,theextremestowhichJennaBateswaswillingtogomakeherunique.”以及下文“She’d___4___sugarofalltypesforayear,andherparentswouldrewardherstrong___5___withapuppydog.”可知，JennaBates想通過(guò)完成一件超難的事情，讓爸爸答應(yīng)她養(yǎng)狗。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然后Jenna想出了一個(gè)她父親無(wú)法抗拒的交易。A.caughtup趕上，追上；B.putup張貼；C.filledup充滿，（使）填滿；D.cameup出現(xiàn)，被提及。由下文“She’d___4___sugarofalltypesforayear,andherparentswouldrewardherstrong___5___withapuppydog.”可知Jenna想出了一個(gè)父親無(wú)法抗拒的、會(huì)同意她養(yǎng)狗的交易，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)eupwith意為“想出，想到”符合句意。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后Jenna想出了一個(gè)她父親無(wú)法抗拒的交易。A.help幫助；B.think認(rèn)為，考慮；C.resist阻擋，抵制；D.regret懊悔，對(duì)……感到遺憾。由上文“Mydadreallydidn’twantadog”可知Jenna的爸爸