2023北京東城區(qū)高二下學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2023北京東城高二（下）期末英語2023.7本試卷共頁，共分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運(yùn)用共三節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。JeremyLocke,ownsaroofingandconstructionhadalwaysbeenwantingJeanettehome.Wheneverhedrovepastthehome,hethatanothergroupofrepairmenhadtakenonthejob.Butasweeksworeon,theroofcontinuedworsenwithoutanyof“IhaditmindthatifnoonestepsuphelpthisladyinourI’dloveto,”saidLocketohiswife.WhenLockefinallybecausedidnotlikeaccept5.toldLocke,“Iappliedforagovernmentgrant(補(bǔ)助金)tofixtheroofandI’llbethanhappytoyouoncethegrantapplicationwasapproved”.7,theapprovalnevercame.SoLockechangedtactics策略).Thesympatheticconstructionworkerplayeda/an1theroofof234MacDonaldaboutfixingherroofforfree,politelyturnedhimdown68tricktomakeheraccepthishelp.HeinvitedMacDonaldentera(抽獎(jiǎng))thathisbusinessholdingforafreeroof.AfterMacDonaldgotoneofthetickets,Locketoldherthatshewasthe9.NotuntilthenewroofwasfinisheddidMacDonaldknowthatwastheonlyonewhohadenteredtheraffle.MacDonaldsaidthatshedidn’tknowhowtoexpressher10toLocke,sayingthathewasher“guardianangel”.1.A.design2.A.announced3.A.signsB.repairB.acknowledgedC.assumedB.hopeC.meansC.decorateD.constructD.appreciatedD.need4.A.wentalongwithB.kepttrackofC.lookedoutforD.reachedout5.A.charityB.apologiesB.thankC.adviceC.traceD.invitationsD.hire6.A.award7.A.Unknowingly8.A.unpleasant9.A.joinerB.NaturallyB.innocentB.ownerC.UnfortunatelyD.GraduallyC.meanD.cheapC.helperC.sympathyD.winnerD.blessing10.A.gratitudeB.generosity第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。AIn2013,alotofpeopleshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthat(find)ArcticislandofSvalbard,farfromitshabitat.thatremainedofthepoorbearwere“skinandbones”.Expertsclaimedthatlowseaicelevels(cause)climatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesorderfindfood.This13(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonBDeanSchneiderleaveshislifeinSwitzerlandbehindandgoestoAfrica(pursue)hispassionandmaketheworldabetterplace.Hewasalwaysfascinatedbytheanimalworldsincehewasachild.That15hedecidedtoformaclubtohelplionsborncaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).nameoftheclubis“HakunaMipaka”—aSwahiliexpressionmeaning“nolimits”.ItdevelopsfromfivecorevaluesthatDeantrieshardtofollow:16(free),appreciation,brotherhood,andboldness.CConstructionoftheofPisabeganinPisawasacenterofpowerandwealth.Butworkwasstoppedseveraltimesbecauseofwars.Theeight-storytowerwasnotcompleteduntilthelate1200s.Thetoweritselfismadeofmarble(大理石)and18(weigh)16,000tons.theleaningofthetowerwasnotforitsweights19forthesoilunderneath.Theground20(soft)ononesidethanontheThesouthsidehassunk6.1feetbelowgroundlevelpastcenturies.Thenorthsidehassunk12.3feet!第三節(jié)(共4小題；每小題2.5分，共10分)根據(jù)中文意思和括號內(nèi)所給的提示詞，翻譯下面句子。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。21.在美國最受歡迎的中國菜是“左宗棠雞”，它在油炸的雞肉上淋上甜醬，再佐以煽炒過的紅辣椒制成。(consistof)popularChinesedishisGeneralchicken,______friedchickencoveredasweetsauce,flavouredwithhotpeppers.22.警察問登山者為什么在遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)他們延遲發(fā)出求救信息。send)Thepolicemanaskedtheclimbers______SOSmessageswhenin23.這些圖片是水墨動畫電影的代表。你看過這些電影嗎?(representative)Thesepictures______inkwashanimationfilms.Haveyouseenanyofthembefore?24.防止網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲控制青少年的生活至關(guān)重要。(prevent)Itisessential______fromdominatingateenager’slife.第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共9小題；每小題2分，共18分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHaveyoueverfantasizedabouthoweasylifewouldbewithapersonalassistanttakingcareofallthe“l(fā)ittledetails”?Nowadays,youcangetlotsoftheadvantagesofAIassistantrightonyourphoneorUsinganyoftheseappswillhelpyouimproveyourefficiencyandproductivitywithasingleclick—whetherareworkoratcollege,oranythingelseinbetween.SogoforthanddownloadthebestAIassistants:

AIIfyou’vebeenlookingforabettercompanionhelpyouwithtakingnotesduringmeetingsorlectures,AIistherightone.AIisintelligent-dictationappwhichnotonlytakesnotesandrecordstheaudiobutalsotranscribesthetextandhasahighlightappupto600minutesforfreeandhasanUtterProsubscriptionfor$8.33/month.

NoundNoundistheperfectvoiceassistantresearchingtoolyouneed.Itjustallowyousearchthenearestorwhattheweatherwillbelike,withafurtherquestionortwoyoucangetmorein-depthresults.Somereviewsclaimthefastestandmostintelligentappofitskind.Noundisafreeapp,butfor$6.99youcaneliminate(清除)in-appadsandusesomeextrafeatures.

StayFocusdStayFocusdisafreebrowserextensionthatimprovesyourproductivitybyblockingthosedistractingwebsitesthatstopyoufromworkingorstudying.givesyoutotalcontrolwiththeabilityblockwebsiteseitherbytimeanddate,orbytimelimit.StayFocusdisafreeChromeextension.

EasilyDoEasilyDopersonalassistantservicesfocusedoncommunications.justaclicksyoucancustomizeyouremailnotifications,backupimportantmessages,yourcontacts,havejunkandexpiredemailsautomaticallydeleted,andcollectattachmentsandreceiptsintoone,fast-accesslocation.

AIBeforeyouimproveyourproductivityhabits,youneedtoknowwhereyou’respendingyourtime.AIdoesexactlythat.Itrecordshowmuchtimeyou’respendingontheappsandwebsites.Oncehasafullreportwillshowyouyourstatisticsandtellyouyou’vebeenproductiveandwhenyouhaven’t.thereport,youcansetdaily“Focusgoalsanditwillkeeptrackofmakesureyou’redoingtheworkyouwanttodo.AIgivesyoua30-dayfreetrialandwillgiveyouaspecialpricedependingonyouruniqueneeds.25.Whichofthefollowingcanhelplocateanidealhotel?A.AI.B.Nound.C.StayFocusd.D.EasilyDo.26.AI”istohelpyou______.A.takenotesB.understandyourneedsD.detailyourdailyroutineC.keepfocused27.Thepassageiswritten______.A.emphasizetheimportanceofAIassistantsB.recommendsomeAI-poweredappsC.advicetopersonalassistantsD.explainthewayappsBInthemiddleofSanGoldenGatePark,AmandaBarrowscarefullyplacedawoodennightstand(床頭柜)ontheground.attachedasignreading,apoem,leaveapoem.”completelyunexpected,”saidBarrows,aparkranger(管理員)bydayandapoetbynight.“I’mreallytakenabackbytheoutpouringofsupport.”BarrowshasalwaysconsideredherselfasosheenrolledaclasscalledPoetryforthePeople.finalprojectoftheclassistofindawayto“bringpoetryintothecommunity”.Atfirst,Barrowsstruggledlandonidea.sherealizedthatshecouldfuseherloveforparksandherloveAcoworkergaveBarrowsaweatherednightstand.Shethoughtitwouldbetheperfecttoolforherproject.Shefilledthedraweratthetopwithfreshpaperandpensandaddedaboxatthebottomforpoems.gettheballrolling,sheaskedherclosefriendstoaddtheirfavoritepoemstothedrawerforpeopletakeThepoetrynightstandremindedherofLittleFreeLibraries.ThatprojectfeaturesbookstandsstationedacrossthePeoplecanleaveandtakebooksfromlittlelibraries.Sheonlyhadasinglenightstandtoworkwith,soBarrowsdecidedthatwouldleaveitinaparkfourdaysbeforemovinganewlocation.SanRecreationandParkDepartmentmanagesabout220parks,andgoalistobringthepoetrynightstandallofthem.Sincetheprojectstarted,peoplehaveaddedawiderangeofwriting.Barrowssharesmostofthesubmissionsonsocialmedia.Someareclearlycomposedbykids,whileothersaremorerefined.Peoplehavealsowrittenpoemsinvariouslanguages.“Ilovetoseedifferenthandwritingandsharetheirpersonalwords,”Barrowssaid.TheinstructorsofPoetryforthePeoplesaidthenightstandfulfilledthemainpurposeoftheproject.Otherstudentsintheclasswrotepoetryonsidewalkswithchalk.Anothergaveoutpoemsdisguisedasparkingtickets.Lunsfordaguestinstructorfortheclass,saystheprojectis“aninvitationslowdown”.believesthattheold-fashionednightstandstandsacitythatisfilledwithnewBarrowssayssheintendsto“keepthisgoingandhopesothersbuildtheprojectandcontributetheirown“Itreallyisacommunityproject,”Barrowssaid.“Itbelongstoallus.”28.WhydidBarrowsputthenightstandinthepark?A.sharepoetrysubmissions.B.followLittleFreeLibraries.C.advertiseapoetryclass.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fuse”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Combine.B.Reveal.C.Strengthen.D.D.completearequiredtask.30.Whatweknowaboutproject?A.Ithasinvolved220parks.B.Itispopularonsocialmedia.C.Itimproveshandwriting.D.Itmakespoetryreachmorepeople.COverlytechnicallanguagesciencearticlesjustmuddywatersfornon-experts—itcanalienatereaders,potentiallyshuttingthemoutfromscientificdiscussionandknowledge.theconclusionofastudypublishedtheJournalofLanguageandSocialanditappliestogeneral-interestarticlesjustasmuchastoscientificpapers.“Whenwehaveahardtimeconceptualizinginformation,webecomereallyscaredofit,”saysleadauthorHillaryShulman,acommunicationScientistscancreate“unnecessarybarriers”withwords,says.studyinvolved650membersofthegeneralpublicwhoreadparagraphsthreecutting-edgetopics:self-drivingcars,roboticand3Dbio-printing.Themembersaredividedintotwogroups:theexperimentalgroup,theparagraphswereloadedwithterms(行業(yè)術(shù)語),suchas“remoteergonomicconsole”;forthecontrolgroup,theparagraphswerewrittenwithwordsthatarefamiliartomostreaders,suchas“separatecontrolpanel”.Afterreadingthepassages,thestudyparticipantsratedtheirexperienceinaseriesofquestionnaires.Thosewhoreadjargon-filledparagraphsweremorelikelysaythattheyhaddifficultyunderstandingthelanguageandtheinformation.Theywerealsosignificantlymorelikelysaythattheyweren’tgoodatscience,andlesslikelytosaythattheywouldseekoutinformationonthetopicinthefuture.Someoftheparticipantsreadthejargon-heavytextreceivedlinksdefinitionsoftechnicalterms,butthatreducetheirfrustrationsorenhancetheirfeelingsofunderstanding.Scientistscanlearncutbackontheiruseoftechnicallanguagewhentalkingpeoplewhoarenotresearchers,saysascience-communicationco-authoredaJanuarystudyshowingthatscientistswithmediatrainingcanwritearticlesthatarejustasengagingaspieceswrittenbyprofessionaljournalists.isafundamentalpartofthat,butnotthewholeshesays.reallyconnectwiththepublic,recommendsthatscientistsastoryrelevanttotheaudience.MembersofthepublictheonlyoneswhocanbeturnedbyShulmansays.Studentscanbe,too.“Iteachaclasswith400undergrads,”shesays.“Whenyou’retrainingpeople,youcanintroducewithalittlemoretryinginvitethemintotheenvironment.”O(jiān)fcourse,technicalwordsstillhaveimportantfunctionscience.paperisitselfheavilyloadedwithtermssuchas“metacognition”and“self-schema”.“Theironyofthatisnotlostonme,”says.“Whencomesscientificliterature,youcan’tgetanythingpublishedunlessfullofScientistswanttospeaktootherscientistsinthemostprecisepossible.”31.Intheparticipantsintheexperimentalgroupprobablyfindthemselves______.A.lackinginelementaryreadingskillsB.uninterestedreadingdefinitionsofC.incompetentdealwithcomplexinformationD.notconfidentaboutgraspingnewsciencetopics32.Accordingtoscientistshadbetter______.A.publicizescienceinaaccessiblewayB.receivethetrainingforprofessionaljournalistsC.limitincommunicationwitheachotherD.conductextensiveresearchrelatedtothepublic33.WhatdoesShulmanthinkofusinginherpaper?A.Disadvantageous.C.Unavoidable.B.Shameful.D.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyoufeellikeyoucanrememberthingsbetterwhenyouactivelyengagewiththeinformationandcreateyourownversionofit?34Thisphenomenonhasimportantimplicationswhenitcomestounderstandinghowpeoplelearn.thegenerationshowthatwhenusersencounteralistofwordspresentedintheformoffragments(片段),theywillengageseveralareasofthebraincreatewordstofilltheblanks.Researchersbelievethisisbecauseofthedeeperlevelofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)engagementinvolvedtheprocessofcreatingnewwords.andinstructorsneedtobeawareoftherolethegenerationcanplaytheclassroom.Studentswhojustreceivewrittenmaterialtheycanreadmaynotunderstanditasfullyasstudentswhoengagewithitbytakingnotes,completingwritingexercises,andforth.36Ratherthangivingstudentsalistofcorrectlyspelledwordsandaskingthemmemorizeit,theteachercanaskstudentscompleteworksheetswheretheymustfillinblankstospellthewords.Ifastudentsimplyreadsatextbook,he/shewillnotabsorbtheinformationaswellaswhenhe/shetakesnotesandrecreateschartsandothermaterialspresentedthebook.Studentspreparingexaminationfindithelpfultowriteoutmaterialfromthetext,rephrasingintheirwordsasappropriatetomakesuretheyfullyunderstandthematerial.Inaword,itallboilsdowntoactivelearningversuspassivelearning.Spendingafewminutesactivelyproducingcontentmayjustbethethingyouweremissinginyourlearningroutine.A.calledtheGenerationEffect.B.Forstudents,thegenerationcanalsobeimportant.C.WhentheyareaskedtorepeatthelisttheirrecallwillbeD.Acommonexampleofthegenerationcanbeinspellinglessonsforyoungstudents.E.Thesimpleactofwritingcantrigger(激發(fā))thegenerationandhelpthestudentsperformbetteronexaminations.Theywillfindthatactivelyusingnewinformationcreaterelationshipsbetweentasksexaminations.G.Theprocessofgeneratingcontentinitiatesomeparticularencoding(編碼)processesthatdonothappenwhensimplyreading.第三部分書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第39題2分，第40題2分，第題3分，第42題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。THEGROWINGPROBLEMOFTheterme-wasteisshort“electronicwaste”.Itreferstoelectricalorelectronicproductsthatarethrownawaywhentheyarenolongerneeded.Theseincludecomputers,televisions,ovens,andbasicallyanythingelsethatrunsbatteriesorhasanelectricalcord.E-wastehasbeenaproblemsincethe1970sbecauseofhowdifficultitistoseparatethingslikemetalandplasticfromvariousproducts.Also,manyelectronicscontaintoxicmaterialsthatcanpollutetheenvironmentifleftlandfills.Overthepastdecades,theproblemofe-wastehasonlyincreasedalongwithadvancementsinE-wasteisthefastest-growingwastestreamaroundtheworld.Thetotalamountofe-wastecreatedeveryyearisexpectedtoreach74milliontonsbytheyear2030.estimatedthatonlyabout17percentofglobale-wasteisproperlyrecycled.theUnitedNationshopestobringthatnumberupto30percentbytheendof2023.morepeopleusingsmartphonesandcomputerseverytheproblemofe-wastecannotbeignored.increasetherecyclingrateofe-wasteitems,citiesshouldconsideraddingspecialcollectionboxesgrocerystoresorgovernmentoffices.Thereshouldalsobedeliveryorpick-upservicesfore-wasteitems.Thattheseitemscanbesentdirectlypeoplewhoareabletoproperlytakethemapartandrecovertheirusefulcomponents.Despitecurrentdifficulties,e-wastehasgreatrecyclingpotential.Inadditiontotheitemsthrownlotsofpeoplekeepolddevicesthataren’tusedanymore.Asawhole,theyaddupalotofmetalsandmineralsthatcan,andshould,berecycled.Ifthesecomponentsarerecycledtomakenewproducts,therewouldbeofaneeddigformorearoundtheworld.So,ifyoumustreplaceyourphoneortryreturningthedevicethemanufacturerordroppingatane-wasteprocessingfacilityifthereisone39.Whatdoes“electronicwaste”referto?40.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?41.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplain?Inorderreducee-waste,peoplehadbetterkeepolddevicesthatusedanymoreordroptheminspecialcollectionboxes.42.Apartfromthewaysmentionedpassage,pleaseshareyourway(s)toreducee-waste.(About40words)第二節(jié)(20分)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華，你們學(xué)校近期將要舉辦“健康美食日”活動。你的英國朋友Jim正在北京一所國際學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，邀請他參加該活動，內(nèi)容包括：1、活動簡介(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、主題、內(nèi)容等);2、邀請理由。注意：1.1002.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：健康美食日HealthyDearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________