黃金卷07-【贏在高考黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)模擬卷（北京專用）含解析

【贏在高考·黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)模擬卷（北京專用）黃金卷07（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Asabiologistandphotographer,Ialwaystakemycameraeverywheretotakepicturesofwildanimals.Oneday,Iwasstandingonaboatwhenaverylargefemaleleopardseal(海豹)swamby.Iputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy1.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.Mymouthwasdry,andIcouldn’teven2.ButIknewitwastimeto3thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.Immediately,thesealswamtowardsme.Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof4,Idecidedtostayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeherteeth,Itriednotto5anyfear.Shediditafewmoretimes,andthenswamaway.Tomy6,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.Andsheevenshowedmehowtoeatit.Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastryingto7me.ButIthoughtthatshewasreallytryingtocommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery8.Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreimportantly,I’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavethewaywe9.Ibelievethe10experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithmeforever.1．A．knife B．bag C．camera D．gun2．A．escape B．make C．move D．fight3．A．a(chǎn)pproach B．a(chǎn)dopt C．imagine D．rescue4．A．respect B．sympathy C．reward D．threat5．A．confirm B．expose C．overcome D．reduce6．A．satisfaction B．regret C．surprise D．sorrow7．A．feed B．comfort C．a(chǎn)ttack D．a(chǎn)ssess8．A．reliable B．dangerous C．sensitive D．a(chǎn)mbitious9．A．a(chǎn)dmire B．promise C．demand D．expect10．A．confusing B．similar C．incredible D．bitter第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomething.Expressinggratitudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there11(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersusanopportunity12(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofcompletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierand13(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AccordingtoChinaDaily,thesummerof2022becamethehottestsinceChina’smeteorological(氣象學(xué)的)records14(begin).Theweatherforecastreportedthatthehightemperatureinsomeareascouldreach40℃,15(possible)breakingrecords.16(affect)bythehightemperatures,someareasexperienceddroughtandadecreaseinagriculturalproduction.Peopleandgovernmentsshouldbepreparedtodomoretotackleclimatechange.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Usually,stressisseenasbeingbad,butthisisnotalwaystrue.Eustress(積極壓力)isthepositivetermforstress.It17(relate)towell-beingandpositiveattitudes.Eustressoccurswhenthegapbetweenwhatonehasandwhatonewantsis18(slight)pushed.Eustresscreatesabetterenvironmentforpeople,which19(make)themperformbetterandcostless.Therefore,Eustressisnecessary20achievement.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題;每小題2分,共28分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOneofthebestwaystoimproveourcommunitiesisthroughvolunteerwork.AccordingtoareportfromUnitedNationsVolunteers,itisestimatedthat140millionpeoplevolunteerineverynationandinavarietyofsettings.Forbesreportsthatresearchhasshownthatvolunteeringcangreatlybenefitvolunteers.Thesebenefitsincludeanincreasedsenseofproductivity,thedevelopmentofnewskills,resume-buildingexperience,improvedphysicalhealth,andtheemotionalrewardsthatcomewithothersappreciatingyouandyourefforts.Herearesometypesforyoutojoininlocalcommunities.SportsvolunteeringYoudon’tneedtobegoodatthesportinwhichyouwishtovolunteer.Someofthemostimportantcharacteristicsincludeenthusiasmandinterest.Yoursportsorganisationshouldputyouthroughanyqualificationsthatyouneedtocarryoutyourrole.Mostpeoplevolunteeronaveragetwoorthreehoursaweek,buttherearealsoopportunitiestovolunteermoreorlessoften.SupporttheRedCrossRedCrossisanorganizationthathelpswithdisasterrelief,blooddonations,andmore.BeingaRedCrossvolunteerprovidesexperienceinthemedicalfieldandallowsyoutohelpthoseinneed.TheRedCrossrespondstodisastersnationwideandhelpscommunitiesrecover.Itmaybedifficulttoseedamagedcommunities,butyoucouldhaveapartinassistingthemtorecover.Inaddition,youmaymeetnewfriendsalongtheway.OrganizeaSummerReadingProgramSummerreadingprogramsareonewaytokeepchildren’sreadingskillsactiveandtheirmindfreshduringthewholesummervacation.Organizingasummerreadingprogramisanexcellentwaytogetkidstoreadabook,broadentheirvocabulary,andlearnsomethingnew.Youcanshareyourfavoritebooks,offerprizestochildrenwhomeettheirgoals,andturntheprogramintoafriendlycompetition,allwhileteachingchildrentheimportanceofreading.21．Whatrequirementsdoyouneedtomeetifyouwanttovolunteerforsports?A．Befondofsports. B．Followthefixedschedule.C．Havepastthequalificationtests. D．Begoodatvariouskindsofsports.22．Thesummerreadingprogramcanhelpkidsto.A．sharetheirfavoritebooksB．organizebookreadingcompetitionsC．reviewwhattheyhavelearnedinschoolD．enrichtheirreadingexperienceinsummer23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tohelpmanagethelocalcommunity.B．Tointroducethecommunitiesinneed.C．Tointroducedifferentvolunteerprograms.D．Toshowthebenefitsofdoingvolunteerwork.BInfluencedbyherfamily,XustartedtolearnthecraftofmakingChineseknotsathome,butdidn’texpectthepastimetochangeherlifeatfirst.Xubecameacity-levelinheritorofthisprovincial-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2009,andhasbeendevotedtodevelopingthecraftsincethen.Asafanofphotography,sheoftentookphotosofdragonflies,butterfliesandflowersaroundalakenotfarfromherhome,thenshemadeknotsresemblingthem,andpostedthephotosonawebsite.Thatattractedtheattentionofsomepeople.Asanadvertisingdesignmajor,shemakesinnovatedknotsbasedonherknowledgeofdesign,andcanusevariousthreadstomakesmall,exquisitedesigns.ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.“ShowingChineseculturethroughtraditionalChinesecrafts—thatistheoriginalaspirationformeasaninheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritage,”saysXu.Shehasmademorethan3,000designs,andevenopenedtwoofflinebranchstores.Herproductsincludedecorationsofdifferentsizesthatcanbeputonwalls,carornaments,cellphonechainsandjewelry.“Ibelieveourintangibleculturalheritagecanbebetterdevelopedandpasseddownwhenitmeetspeople’sneedsindailylife,”saysXu.Chen,anonlinefollower,hasbeenteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUnitedArabEmirates.“InfluencedbyXu’swork,Ilearnthecrafttocultivatemytemperament,andIalsoteachchildrentobetterunderstandChineseculture,”saysChen.“ChinesecultureispopularintheUAE,andIoftenmakesomeknotswithChineseelementsforlocalpeopleasgifts.”Xuhasalsobeengenerousinhelpingothers.Shetaughtthisarttoworkerswholosttheirjobsinherhometown,allowingthemtomasteraskillfromwhichtheycouldearnanincome.Studentsandpeoplewithdisabilitieswerealsobeneficiaries.Indeed,morethan20peoplewithdisabilitiesnowactuallyworkforher.Despitethesuccessofhercareer,Xusaysworkingonthecrafthasbenefitedhermoreinaspiritualway.“Tyingknotsrequiresconcentration,andyoumustnotbedistractedduringtheprocess.Ithastrainedmetodealwithmattersinacalm,peacefulandrationalway,”saysXu.“Ibelievethelifeofonepersonisshort,andyouhavetherighttodecidehowtospendit.”24．Withtheknowledgeofdesign,Xucan________.A．postplentyofattractivephotosonthewebsiteB．drawthePekingOperacharactersmorevividlyC．makemanycreativeknotsrelatedtoChinesecultureD．takemanyprofessionalphotosofanimalsandflowers25．WhatcanwelearnaboutXu?A．Sheplanstoopenmoreofflinebranchstoresabroad.B．Shedesignsproductswithafocusonpeople’severydayneeds.C．Sheiswell-knownforteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUAE.D．Shewantstohelpdisabledstudentsimprovetheirconcentration.26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeXu?A．Honestandeasy-going. B．Modestandstrong-willed.C．Humorousandhard-working. D．Innovativeandkind-hearted.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TraditionalChineseCraftsGoGlobalB．ChineseKnot-making,aSkillNottobeIgnoredC．TraditionalChineseCultureBecomesFashionableD．ChineseKnot-making,aChancefortheUnemployedCTherearehundredsofbacterial(細(xì)菌的)speciesinourstomach.Bacterialdiversityisagoodthing,ageneralcontributortoandmarkerofgoodhealth.Butwhatdoesahealthystomachlooklike?Studiesindicatethatthecompositionvariesbymanyfactors.Oneofthemostimportant,itturnsout,iswhoyoucurrentlylivewith.Researchershavecometotheconclusion:Dietandheritability(遺傳力)areknowntoaffectthemicrobiome(微生物組),butsocialrelationshipsshapeitmost—especiallywhenitcomestomarriage.TheDutchProject,whichstudiedmicrobesin8,208individualsbelongingtothreegenerations,findsthattheheritabilityofmicrobesisonly1.9percent.Theynoticedmuchgreatersimilarityamongtheunrelatedindividualssharingahouseholdthanamongrelativeswhodonotsharehouseholds,includingtwinswhoselivingsituationsdifferinadulthood.Theresearchersfoundthatnearly50percentofmicrobialtypesweresignificantlyaffectedbycohabitation.Ingeneral,themicrobiomesofalltypesofcohabitors(includingparentsandchildren)weremoresimilarthanthoseofparticipantslivingseparatelynomattertheirrelatedness.Marriedcoupleswhoreporthavingaclose,lovingrelationshiphavethemostsimilarity.Evidenceofmicrobialsharing,especiallyofrarespecies,showsexchangesthroughinteractions.Andthatputshighlightonactsofcloserelationship—includingkissing.Scientistshaveknownfordecadesthatsocialrelationships,especiallymarriage,powerfullyaffecthealth.Notonlyarethemicrobiomesofcohabitingcouplesmoresimilartoeachother;theyalsoaremoresimilarlydiverse.Thereisagreaterrichnessofspeciesthaninunmarried,noncohabitingindividuals.Despitethedominatinginfluenceofaclose,cohabitingrelationship,themicrobiomecanbedifferentindiet,especiallyonerichinplantfiber.Itcanalsobeinfluencedbybehavior,suchasfarmingandgardeningandexercise.Moreover,it’sadaptabletoenvironment—greenspaceandpollutantsaroundyou.Livinginaruralenvironmentbringsincreasesinbacterialinkedtohealth,anddecreasesinbacteriathatareharmful.Livingwithpetsalsohasapositiveeffectonthemicrobiome,whileexposuretoairpollution,especiallycarexhaust,andpassiveexposuretocigarettesmokehavenegativeeffects.Itcanalsobeaffectedbydirectadditionofspecificspeciesofbacteria,deliveredinconsumableprobiotics(口服益生菌).Thereareprobioticsnowmarketedfordigestivehealth,othersaimedatimmunehealth,andstillothersforboostingmood.Nowthatit’sclearthatsocialrelationsplaythelargestroleinthemakeupofthemicrobiome,canprobioticsforsinglesbefarbehind?28．Whichgrouphasthemostsimilarmicrobiomes?A．Husbandandwife. B．Adulttwins.C．Grandfatherandgrandson. D．Colleagues.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Diethasadominatinginfluenceonmicrobiomes.B．Cohabitationishelpfulforustohaveabalanceddiet.C．Socialrelationsplayasimilarroleassomeprobiotics.D．Themicrobiomesincouplesarelessdiversethansingles.30．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhoAretheHealthiestPeople? B．HowDoesSocialLifeAffectOurHealth?C．WhatWillaHealthyStomachLookLike? D．HowDoMicrobiomesWorkinOurBody?DHardlyadaygoesbywithoutacompanytellingusinitsbeautifullycraftedadvertisinghowmuchitcontributestotheenvironmentonourbehalf.Flowersgrowoutofpower-stationchimneys;SUVsarepresentedinnaturalhabitats;oilcompaniesusesunny,friendlylogosandpromisecleanertechnologies-although,infact,theyfailtomakeenoughinvestmentinrenewableoralternativeenergysources.Statisticsaremadeup,andthetiniestecologicalimprovementsareoverstatedinmulti-million-dollaradvertisingcampaigns,whileinthemeantimethegreedysideofthebusinesscontinues.Thisisknownasgreenwashing,whichmeans“makingthingsthatarenotgreenlookgreen”.ThephenomenonhaslongexistedsincethefirstEarthDayin1970,whencompaniesspent$300millionadvertisingthemselvesasgreencompanies—manytimesmorethanthemoneytheyactuallyspentonresearchintopollutionreductionitself.Andthetrendcontinuedoverthefollowingdecadeswhensomeoftheplanet’sworstpolluterstriedtopassthemselvesoffaseco-friendly.Asthepublic’senvironmentalawarenessgrew,sotoodidtheexperienceofcorporatepublicrelationsstrategies,andadvertisersfoundever-more-creativewaystouseagreencurtaintohidedarkmotives.Ofcourse,somebusinessesaregenuinelycommittedtomakingtheworldabetter,greenerplace.Butwhenacompanyspendsmoretimeandmoneyclaimingtobe“green”thanactuallyadoptingbusinesspracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact,itisclearthat,forthem,environmentalismislittlemorethanaconvenientslogan(口號(hào)).Theirmessageis“buyourproductsandyouwillendglobalwarming,improveairqualityandsavetheoceans”.Atbest,suchgreenwashingpushesthefacttoitslimits;atworst,ithelpsconcealdeception.Andwhatabouttodaysconsumers?Fewofthemaretrulywell-equippedtomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhatistrue.Greenwashingisonlypossiblebecauseconsumersoftenbelievewhattheyarebeingtold-whyelsewouldcompaniesdoit?Moreinformationandgreaterawarenessareessential.Analysingthetricksusedbyadvertisersshouldbepartofeveryschoolcurriculum.Non-governmentalorganisationscanspreadtheword.Consumergroupscanpunishthegreenwashingcompanies.Butitisnotenough.Legallyenforceablesystemsmustbeputinplace.Sowhatisalreadybeingdoneaboutplannedattemptstopullthewooloverconsumers’eyes?IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommissionistakingactionagainstmisleadingadvertisingclaims.FrancehaspublishedGreenClaimsGuidance,stressingthat“anadvertisementmustavoidconveyingamessagecontrarytotheacceptedprinciplesofsustainabledevelopment”.Allofthesesurelyaretheheartofthematter:thetrueimpactofadvertisingisthepromotionofunsustainablelifestyles.Andthereinliestherealdangertoourplanet,adangerwhichcannotbeignoredanylonger.31．Whatcanwelearnaboutgreenwashing?A．Itisanecologicalconcept.B．Itisamarketingtechnique.C．Itisanawarenesscampaign.D．Itisanadvertisinginnovation.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“concealdeception”inParagraph3mean?A．Hidethetruth. B．Raisetherisk.C．Exposetheweakness. D．Breakthelimit.33．Whatcanbeinferredaboutmostconsumers?A．Theyarelackinginlegalknowledge.B．Theyhaveencouragedgreenwashing.C．Theymayquestionconsumergroups.D．Theytendtomakesensibledecisions.34．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Actionstofightfalseadvertising.B．Waystoprotectcustomers’interest.C．Attemptstosolveenvironmentalproblems.D．Proposalstoensuresustainabledevelopment.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Anapologycanachievegreatthingsforboththegiversandthereceiversalthoughnobodylikestoadmitthattheywerewrong.Anapologyiscrucialtoourphysicalhealth.Whenweacknowledgethatwearewrongdoersandexpressourguilttoothers,wewillfreeourselvesfromtheuncomfortablestate.Thisactfeelslikeaweightonushasbeenlifted.35Researchshowedthatheartrate,sweatlevelsandfacialtensiondecreasedinvictimsofwrongsevenwhentheysimplyimaginedreceivinganapology.Apologizingaffectsusnotjustphysically,butalsomentally.36Whenpresentedwithanapology,thevictimsmayviewusasimperfecthumanbeingsandfinditeasiertogiveforgiveness.InapowerfulpieceinPsychologyToday,writerBeverlyEngeldescribedhowasimple“I’msorry”fromhermother,afterbeingestrangedfromeachotherforthreeyears,madeherrelievedemotionally.Butlet’sbereal,apologizingcanbedifficult.37Weshouldrecognizeouractiondidhurtsomeoneevenifourintentionmaynothavebeenso.Insteadofmakingexcusesforwhatwedid,trytobearresponsibilityandofferapromisetotakeactionsothatwewillnotrepeatthebehaviorinfuture.38Ofcourse,themosteffectiveapologiesoftenbringacosttoourdignity,sincewehavetoadmitthatwearewronginfrontofothersormanypeople.39Asisknown,itisoneofthemostpositiveactionswecantakewhenwedosomethingwrong—forourselves,theothers,andtherelationship.So,goahead,apologizealittlemoreoftenforthethingsworthapologizingfor.A．Thereareagreed-uponwaystoexpressourapologytoothers.B．It’sawayofshowingthepricewepaidforthewrongedaction.C．Agoodapologyaffectsthehealthofthoseonthereceivingend,too.D．Butthiscanoftenbeminorcomparedtothebenefitsofaproperapology.E．Thismeansweshouldtaketheblameandnottrytojustifyitorexplainitaway.F．Apologizeforwhatyoudidratherthanwhatotherpeoplemighthavethoughtaboutit.G．Ithastheabilitytodisarmothersoftheirangerandtopreventfurthermisunderstandings.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Beforeendinguponasupermarketshelf,anavocado(牛油果)hasproduced1.3kilogramsofcarbonintotheatmosphere.Itsproductionaloneconsumes60gallonsofwater.Despitethis,thefruitwilloftenbethrownawayashouseholdwaste.Householdfoodwasteistheresultofmismanagement.Muchofthewasteisavoidableandthefoodmayhavebeeneatenhaditbeenbettermanaged.Toreducehouseholdfoodwaste,agrowingnumberoffoodretailersdecidetoremovedatelabelling(標(biāo)簽),suchasthe“use-by”or“best-before”date,fromsomefreshfooditems.Paststudieshaveconfirmedtheimportanceofdatelabelling.Almost60%ofwesternEuropeanconsumerssurveyedsaidthey“always”checkdatelabelswhilepurchasing.Butdatelabellinghaslongcomeundercriticismbecausefailuretotrulyunderstanddatelabellingoftenleadstounreasonabledecisionmaking.Indeed,consumerscommonlydon’tacceptedible(可食用的),butdate-expired(過期的)food.Theremovalofdatelabellingisthereforeapromisingstart.Withoutdatelabels,informationthatmayaffectconsumers’understandingofwhatisedible,isremoved.Instead,consumersareencouragedtosense-checkfreshfooditems.Inthecaseofanavocado,theadvicegiventoconsumersisthatwhenripe,itshouldhavea“pleasantandslightlysweetaroma(氣味)”,whiletheskinshouldbe“darkgreenorbrown”.Informationisalsoprovidedonhowanavocadoshouldlook,taste,andfeelwhen“overripe”.Itishopedthatabetterinformedconsumerwillbelesslikelytoblindlythrowawayfoodduetoanexpirationdate.40．Whatdofoodretailersdecidetodotoreducehouseholdfoodwaste?41．Whyhasdatelabellinglongbeencriticized?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Ifconsumerscanbebetterinformed,theywillnotacceptedible,butdate-expiredfood.43．Oncedatelabelsareremovedfromsomefreshfooditems,whatproblem(s)mightbecaused?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)(20分)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校正在為高三畢業(yè)典禮征集活動(dòng)方案。你有意參加，并對(duì)活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)形成了一些想法。請(qǐng)你給英國(guó)好友Jim寫一封郵件詢問他的建議。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹設(shè)計(jì)想法；2.說明設(shè)計(jì)理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【贏在高考·黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)模擬卷（北京專用）黃金卷07（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Asabiologistandphotographer,Ialwaystakemycameraeverywheretotakepicturesofwildanimals.Oneday,Iwasstandingonaboatwhenaverylargefemaleleopardseal(海豹)swamby.Iputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy1.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.Mymouthwasdry,andIcouldn’teven2.ButIknewitwastimeto3thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.Immediately,thesealswamtowardsme.Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof4,Idecidedtostayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeherteeth,Itriednotto5anyfear.Shediditafewmoretimes,andthenswamaway.Tomy6,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.Andsheevenshowedmehowtoeatit.Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastryingto7me.ButIthoughtthatshewasreallytryingtocommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery8.Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreimportantly,I’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavethewaywe9.Ibelievethe10experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithmeforever.1．A．knife B．bag C．camera D．gun2．A．escape B．make C．move D．fight3．A．a(chǎn)pproach B．a(chǎn)dopt C．imagine D．rescue4．A．respect B．sympathy C．reward D．threat5．A．confirm B．expose C．overcome D．reduce6．A．satisfaction B．regret C．surprise D．sorrow7．A．feed B．comfort C．a(chǎn)ttack D．a(chǎn)ssess8．A．reliable B．dangerous C．sensitive D．a(chǎn)mbitious9．A．a(chǎn)dmire B．promise C．demand D．expect10．A．confusing B．similar C．incredible D．bitter【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．D5．B6．C7．A8．B9．D10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者拍攝海豹的經(jīng)歷及感悟。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我穿上了潛水設(shè)備，拿起了照相機(jī)。A.knife刀；B.bag包；C.camera照相機(jī)；D.gun槍。根據(jù)后文的“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹把我的頭和相機(jī)放在了他的嘴里，所以我是帶著相機(jī)潛水的。故選C項(xiàng)。2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的嘴唇發(fā)干，甚至都無法動(dòng)彈的了。A.escape逃跑；B.make制作；C.move移動(dòng)；D.fight斗爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)前文的“Iwasfrightened”可知，我看見海豹后十分害怕，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地待在那里。故選C項(xiàng)。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我知道，這是接近這個(gè)神秘生物的好時(shí)候。。A.approach接近；B.adopt采取；C.imagine想象；D.rescue營(yíng)救。根據(jù)后文的“Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.”可知，我決定跳入水里，近距離觀察海豹，所以此處是接近這個(gè)海豹。故選A項(xiàng)。4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為這一定是威脅的信號(hào)，所以決定保持冷靜。A.respect尊重；B.sympathy同情；C.reward回報(bào)；D.threat威脅；恐嚇。根據(jù)前文的“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹看到人類后，采取了威脅恐嚇人類的做法。故選D項(xiàng)。5．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管海豹向我展示它的牙齒，但我盡力不顯露出任何害怕。A.confirm確認(rèn)；B.expose暴露；C.overcome克服；D.reduce減少。根據(jù)前文的“Idecidedtostayverycalm.”可知，盡管海豹在威脅我，但我還是盡力保持冷靜，不露出害怕的神情。故選B項(xiàng)。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：使我驚訝的是，它叼著一只活著的企鵝又回來了。A.satisfaction滿足；B.regret后悔；C.surprise驚訝；D.sorrow悲傷。根據(jù)后文的“shecamebackwithalivepenguin.”可知，我沒有想到海豹會(huì)去而復(fù)返，還帶著一只企鵝，所以當(dāng)它叼著一只活著的企鵝又回來了，我很驚訝。故選C項(xiàng)。7．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名生物學(xué)家，我理解海豹嘗試用企鵝喂我吃。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.comfort安慰；C.attack攻擊；D.assess評(píng)估。根據(jù)前文的“Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹把照相機(jī)當(dāng)成了我的嘴，把企鵝推到了我的“嘴邊”，說明海豹是在喂養(yǎng)我，想讓我吃了企鵝。故選A項(xiàng)。8．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，它看上去似乎不那么危險(xiǎn)了。A.reliable可靠的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.sensitive多愁善感的；D.ambitious野心勃勃的。根據(jù)后文“Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.”可知，從那一刻開始，海豹開始信任我，我也不再害怕它了。故選B項(xiàng)。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，我得知?jiǎng)游锏男袨椴⒉豢偸俏覀冾A(yù)期的那樣。A.admire欽佩；B.promise承諾；C.demand要求；D.expect預(yù)期，期待；認(rèn)為。根據(jù)前文“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”及“Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹的行為前后發(fā)生了很大的變化，一開始威脅我，后來信任了我，給我分享食物吃。說明海豹并不是像人們認(rèn)為的那樣可怕危險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信與這只強(qiáng)大聰慧的動(dòng)物在一起的不可思議的體驗(yàn)將伴隨我終生。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.similar相似的；C.incredible難以置信的；驚人的；不可思議的；D.bitter痛苦的。根據(jù)前文“Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.”及“Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.”可知，我與海豹在一起的經(jīng)歷是非常美妙的，不可思議的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomething.Expressinggratitudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there11(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersusanopportunity12(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofcompletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierand13(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.【答案】11．havebeen12．toescape13．moresatisfied【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：感恩不僅僅是給人道一聲“謝謝”，感恩是對(duì)某人或某事的更深層次的欣賞，同時(shí)也對(duì)我們的健康有好處，尤其是以寫感謝信來表達(dá)感恩的這個(gè)方式，能使我們逃離負(fù)面情緒的影響。11．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過去的三十年里，有許多研究表明，給別人寫一封感謝信給我們提供了一個(gè)逃離負(fù)面情緒的機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Overthepastthirtyyears，句子謂語(yǔ)