2023年英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略_第1頁(yè)
2023年英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略_第2頁(yè)
2023年英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略_第3頁(yè)
2023年英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略_第4頁(yè)
2023年英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩10頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

英語(yǔ)專四對(duì)話與短文應(yīng)試策略對(duì)話:對(duì)話命題重要題型:場(chǎng)景題型:此題型涉及到地點(diǎn)、人物、時(shí)間等基本題型??疾斓攸c(diǎn)題型:形式有兩種,猜測(cè)地點(diǎn)和判斷地點(diǎn),常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式有Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?Wheredidithappen?Whereis…?Whatkindofthestoreisshevisiting?考察時(shí)間題型:形式有兩種,一是從多個(gè)時(shí)間中選一個(gè)時(shí)間;二是通過(guò)運(yùn)算求得時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式有Whendoesthisconversationtakeplace?Whendoesthemanwanttoleave?Howlongdidittakethemantowritehispaper?Whendidthefootballmatchstart?考察人物關(guān)系題型:常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式有Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?事實(shí)題型:重要考察具體環(huán)境的某些特定事實(shí)和行為。常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有Whatdoesthemanmeanby…?Whatdoesthemansayabout…?Whatwillthemanprobablydo?在專四的對(duì)話聽(tīng)力考試題型中,常見(jiàn)的題型涉及考察行為、考察行為特性和考察事物特性等重要形式??疾煨袨?例如:2023真題Conversation1)Man:IthinkIwilldropinthedayaftertomorrowtocheckout.WhatwillMarkAdamsdothedayaftertomorrow?A.Tocometotheofficeagain. B.Towaitforthephonecall.C.Tocalltheoffice. D.Towritetotheoffice.2)考察行為特性(例如:2023真題Conversation2)M:Right,thisisthetennisclubreceptionarea.Asamember,youdon’thavetoregisterwhenyouarrive,butyoumustremembertoregisteryourguests.Andyoumustbeabletoproduceyourmembershipcardifaclubofficialaskstoseeit.4.MembersoftheclubarerequiredtoA.registerwhentheyarrive. B.bringuptothreeguests.C.registertheirguests. D.showmembershipcardsonarrival.考察事物特性(例如:2023真題Conversation3)M:IwenttoManchesterUniversityandgotan8.AttheuniversityMr.RobinsonspecializedinA.math. B.physics. C.watermanagement D.geography.3.推導(dǎo)題型:在專四的對(duì)話聽(tīng)力考試題型中,??疾斓耐茖?dǎo)題型涉及:考核對(duì)話意圖、考察評(píng)價(jià)、考察因素等題型??己藢?duì)話意圖題型:這類題型是考核對(duì)話的目的而非內(nèi)容大意。兩者區(qū)別在于考對(duì)話大意的題要抓關(guān)鍵詞或者反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞,而對(duì)話意圖題則要深刻思考話題自身,話題背后的意圖是什么,比如說(shuō)是為了尋求幫助還是發(fā)邀請(qǐng)。例如:(2023真題)W:Iworkforanadvertisingagency.AndIamdoingsomeresearch.It’sforanewmagazineforPeoplelikeyou.4.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheresearch?A.Tomakepreparationsforanewpublication.B.Tolearnhowcouplesspendtheirweekends.C.Toknowhowhouseworkisshared. D.Toinvestigatewhatpeopledoattheweekend.考察評(píng)價(jià)題型:重要是詢問(wèn)對(duì)某事、某人或某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的意見(jiàn)和見(jiàn)解。除此之外,涉及到肯定和否認(rèn)的一類問(wèn)題也表白了說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度或傾向。此類題型常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式有Whatdoesthewomanthinkof…?Howabout…?例如:(專四大綱樣題)John:Hello,Mark.Haveyoueverplayedcricket?Mark:No,never.Haveyou,John?John:No,butIoncewatchedagameattheCricketClub.Mark:Didyouenjoyit?John:No,notmuch.Ithoughteverybodyelseseemedto.Ifounditveryslow.Q:WhatdoesJohnthinkofcricket?Itisexciting.Thereisalotoffun.Itisahardgame.Itisaslowgame.考察因素題型:此類題答案往往隱含在對(duì)話當(dāng)中,有典型的邏輯依賴性。聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中要注重“因”與“果”的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。此類題型常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式有Why…?What’sthereasonof…?…because例如:(2023真題)W:Hi,Mark.Howareyou?M:Actually,I'mreallyfedup,Linda.It'sJean.W:Jean?WhoisJean?M:Oh,nobodyreally.Justamoststunninglyattractivegirlinmyyearschool.1.MarkisunhappybecauseofA.hisChemistryhomework. B.agirlinhisclass.C.Linda'swords. D.Fridaynight'sparty.短文:短文題材重要分兩大類社會(huì)生活:1)描述平常使用的生活用品2)各種文娛形式介紹3)平常生活中經(jīng)常談?wù)摰脑掝}4)生活中的真實(shí)場(chǎng)景故事知識(shí):1)歷史、故事、人物介紹,2)百科知識(shí)(涉及科普類)3)風(fēng)土人情短文命題重要題型:場(chǎng)景事實(shí)題型:此類題型針對(duì)短文的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)加以提問(wèn)。場(chǎng)景事實(shí)題通常以wh-question的方式提問(wèn)。重要針對(duì)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、位置、事件、方式、目的、數(shù)據(jù)等。例如:(2023真題)15.WhichofthefollowingactivitieswouldAustralianfatherstraditionallyparticipatein?A.Feedingandplayingwithchildren.B.Feedingandbathingchildren.C.Takingchildrentotheparkandtoschool.D.Takingchildrentowatchsportsevents.19.WhichofthefollowingdetailsaboutFamilyHealthInternationalisINCORRECT?A.Itisanonprofitorganization. B.Itprovidespublichealthservices.C.Itcarriesoutresearchonpublichealth. D.Ithasworkedinfivecountriestillnow.理論推斷題型:此類題型針對(duì)的不是文中的細(xì)節(jié)信息,而是規(guī)定在聽(tīng)懂事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行分析、比較、歸納等才干得出結(jié)論,判斷哪一些最合適,可分為語(yǔ)義理解、推理排除、主題總結(jié)等類型。語(yǔ)義理解:此類題型需要對(duì)短文中聽(tīng)懂的某一信息細(xì)節(jié)理解后,查看在選項(xiàng)中哪個(gè)意思最符合。例如:(2023真題)19.Accordingtothepassage,unusualnamescomefromA.popularculture. B.parents'invention.C.sports. D.alloftheabove.又如(2023真題)16.Accordingtothestudy,the"newman"likestoA.spendmoretimeatwork. B.spendmoretimewithchildren.C.spendtimedrinkingafterwork. D.spendtimeonhiscomputer.推理排除:此類題型規(guī)定考生從四項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)對(duì)的的或不對(duì)的的。問(wèn)題形式也許是Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout…isCORRECT/INCORRECT?例如:(2023真題)13.InternationalstudentscanreceiveallthefollowingtypesoffinancialassistanceEXCEPTA.federalloans. B.privateloans.C.scholarships. D.monthlypaymentplans.主題總結(jié):主題總結(jié)題規(guī)定聽(tīng)完整個(gè)短文之后歸納出主題大意。問(wèn)題形式也許是Whatisthemainidea/topicofthispassage?Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?例如:(2023真題)13.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?A.Howtohavethebikestamped. B.Howtoprotectyourbike.C.Howtobuygoodlocks. D.Howtoreportyourlostbiketothepolice.應(yīng)試對(duì)策:對(duì)策之一:抓緊時(shí)間閱讀選擇項(xiàng)即充足運(yùn)用時(shí)間,在聽(tīng)音之前先把本題的選擇項(xiàng)快速瀏覽一遍。這樣做至少有以下兩方面的好處:

第一,可以根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容預(yù)測(cè)談話或短文內(nèi)容,以便對(duì)將要聽(tīng)到的材料從心理上有所準(zhǔn)備。

第二,可以掃除生僻單詞、易混淆詞相應(yīng)試者聽(tīng)力上導(dǎo)致的障礙。

既然事先閱讀選擇項(xiàng)如此重要,那么該如何閱讀選擇項(xiàng)呢?由于可用來(lái)閱讀選擇項(xiàng)的時(shí)間非常短,因此,對(duì)選擇項(xiàng)必須采用快速閱讀的方法,一定要避免逐詞閱讀,否則就不也許在聽(tīng)音前看完選擇項(xiàng)。

由于選擇項(xiàng)的長(zhǎng)短、繁簡(jiǎn)不一,那么具體解決方法也應(yīng)略有不同。當(dāng)選擇項(xiàng)都比較短時(shí),可采用掃視的方法。例如:

A.Running.

B.Cycling.C.Fishing

D.Hunting.又如:

A.Adoubleroom.B.Asingleroom.C.Aroomonthetopfloor.D.Aroomonthesecondfloor.這組選擇項(xiàng)雖然稍長(zhǎng)一些,

但僅僅掃視一下也足以了解它們涉及的內(nèi)容是“什么樣的房間當(dāng)選擇項(xiàng)較長(zhǎng)時(shí),應(yīng)考慮分兩步來(lái)解決。第一步從整體看,以發(fā)現(xiàn)某些共同成分;第二步采用豎讀方法,著重看區(qū)別。選擇項(xiàng)(特別是較長(zhǎng)的選擇項(xiàng))各項(xiàng)之間經(jīng)常有相同的內(nèi)容。有的四項(xiàng)之間都有;有的每?jī)身?xiàng)之間有;也有其中三項(xiàng)相同,一項(xiàng)與之不同的(這一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容往往是干擾信息)。所以應(yīng)先整體掃視選擇項(xiàng),迅速發(fā)現(xiàn)其共同之處,然后將視線移至各項(xiàng)不同之處進(jìn)行豎讀(即由上向下看,而不是像一般閱讀那樣由左向右看)。例如:

A.Theworkershadfinishedloadingthetrunk.B.Theworkershadjuststartedloadingthetruck.C.Theworkershadgonehome.D.Theworkershadhadafightwiththedriver.先從整體上看這組選擇項(xiàng),可以發(fā)現(xiàn):每一項(xiàng)的前半部分相同,都是Theworkershad,再將視線移至后半部分豎讀,重點(diǎn)看區(qū)別,即:

A....finishedloadingthetruck.B....juststartedloadingthetruck.C....gonehome.D....hadafightwiththedriver再看下面這組選擇項(xiàng):

A.Hersonmustleaveforschoolat7:30.B.Hersonmustgotoworkat7:30C.Herhusbandmusthavebreakfastat7:30.D.Herhasbandmustgettoofficeat7:30.從整體上看,各項(xiàng)的最后一部分相同(at7∶30),并且A、B兩項(xiàng)前半部分相同,都是Herson;C、D兩項(xiàng)前半部分相同,都是Herhusband。然后將視線移至中部豎讀,重點(diǎn)看區(qū)別:

...(son)leaveforschool...;...gotowork...;...(husband)havebreakfast...;...gettooffice

...;用這樣的方法看選擇項(xiàng),開始也許會(huì)感到不習(xí)慣而影響閱讀速度,但通過(guò)一段時(shí)間的練習(xí)后,定會(huì)有所收益。掌握這種技巧后,不僅能加快閱讀速度,使考生能在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)看完較長(zhǎng)的選擇項(xiàng),并且能使考生對(duì)選擇項(xiàng)中的共同部分與不同部分印象更深刻,這對(duì)擬定聽(tīng)音重點(diǎn)十分重要。因此,在平時(shí)應(yīng)注意訓(xùn)練,以提高這種技巧,使之成為習(xí)慣。

需要說(shuō)明的是,上面所舉的例子旨在介紹一種技巧,雖然具有一定的代表性,但卻不能合用于所有情況。由于選擇項(xiàng)自身的結(jié)構(gòu)和每組選擇項(xiàng)的組合形式千變?nèi)f化,因此若碰到與上述例子大相徑庭的情況時(shí),則應(yīng)另當(dāng)別論。但有一點(diǎn),都必須以快速法來(lái)解決,這一原則不能放棄。快速閱讀選擇項(xiàng)1.A.Theworkershadfinishedloadingthetrunk.B.Theworkershadjuststartedloadingthetruck.C.Theworkershadgonehome.D.Theworkershadhadafightwiththedriver.A.……finishedloadingthetrunk.B.…….juststartedloadingthetruck.……gonehome.D.……h(huán)adafightwiththedriver.2.A.Hersonmustleaveforschoolat7:30.B.Hersonmustgotoworkat7:30C.Herhusbandmusthavebreakfastat7:30.D.Herhasbandmustgettoofficeat7:30.A.Hersonmustleaveforschoolat7:30.B.Hersonmustgotoworkat7:30C.Herhusbandmusthavebreakfastat7:30.D.Herhasbandmustgettoofficeat7:30.3.A.Running.B.Cycling.C.Fishing.D.Hunting.4.A.Inthethirdroomontheright. B.IntheCommonRoom.C.Inaroomattheotherend. D.InRoom501.5.Adoubleroom.Asingleroom.Aroomonthetopfloor.Aroomonthesecondfloor.對(duì)策之二:充足運(yùn)用平常知識(shí)在做閱讀理解題時(shí)都知道要充足運(yùn)用平常生活知識(shí)(useyourgeneralknowledge)。由于英語(yǔ)作為一種載體,它所反映的信息、知識(shí)一般都是平常生活中通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)早已熟知了的東西。所以可以把漢語(yǔ)中能掌握的相關(guān)知識(shí)作為理解英語(yǔ)短文的背景知識(shí),從而減少理解難度。這種方法在大家做閱讀理解時(shí)都會(huì)用到,但在聽(tīng)力理解中,許多人就忘了,只知道一味地傻聽(tīng)。孰不知“鑼鼓聽(tīng)聲,聽(tīng)話聽(tīng)音”。高水平的聽(tīng)者,一聽(tīng)對(duì)方開口,便大體可以猜到對(duì)方下面要講什么;或者一聽(tīng)對(duì)方的語(yǔ)氣,便知道其真實(shí)含義是什么。因此,考生在聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中,一定要善于運(yùn)用自己的平常生活知識(shí),把聽(tīng)與理解結(jié)合起來(lái)。

在SectionA和SectionB部分的試題中,根據(jù)所看到的選項(xiàng)和所聽(tīng)到的關(guān)鍵詞,就應(yīng)當(dāng)推斷出所講的是哪方面的內(nèi)容。如:

【例1】

You'llhavetoleavenow;visitinghoursareover.探視時(shí)間結(jié)束了,你該走了。

關(guān)鍵詞:visitinghours探視時(shí)間涉及話題:醫(yī)護(hù)方面對(duì)話人身份:醫(yī)生,護(hù)士,患者或患者家屬、朋友發(fā)生地點(diǎn):醫(yī)院也許涉及的詞匯:nurse,ward,patient,symptom,treatment等等。

【例2】

Youwillhavetostandinlinetomakeadeposit.存款要排隊(duì)。

關(guān)鍵詞:deposit存款涉及話題:銀行業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)話人身份:銀行職工與顧客發(fā)生地點(diǎn):銀行也許涉及的詞匯:account,interestrate,balance,teller,cash,credit等等。

【例3】

Youshoulduseagoodhairsprayafteryou'vehadawashandset.頭發(fā)洗好做好之后,要用一種好的發(fā)膠。

關(guān)鍵詞:hairspray(發(fā)膠),wash,set涉及話題:美發(fā)對(duì)話人身份:美發(fā)師與顧客發(fā)生地點(diǎn):發(fā)廊,美容院也許涉及的詞匯:dryer(吹風(fēng)機(jī),烘干器),bleaching,nails,polish等等。

【例4】

Ineedtwococktailsforthetablebythepool.我要兩杯開胃酒,請(qǐng)放在靠游泳池的那張桌上。

關(guān)鍵詞:cocktails;涉及話題:餐飲對(duì)話人身份:服務(wù)員與顧客也許涉及的詞匯:waiter,beverages,snack,order,menu等等。

【例5】

Hereistheticketforyou,sir.Youarespeeding.這是罰單,先生,您超速了。

關(guān)鍵詞:ticket,speeding;涉及話題:車輛違規(guī)對(duì)話人身份:警察與司機(jī)也許涉及的詞匯:fine,speedlimit,parking-lot,traffic,suspendlicense等等。對(duì)策之三:充足運(yùn)用推斷和猜測(cè)能力在聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中,不必因聽(tīng)到生詞就緊張。連續(xù)聽(tīng)到幾個(gè)生詞后,更要保持冷靜、鎮(zhèn)定,否則會(huì)影響整體的理解,而抓不住全文的中心思想。相信自己有能力借助于邏輯、常識(shí)、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)境和對(duì)主題的背景知識(shí)的了解來(lái)猜測(cè)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂或

漏掉單詞的意思,通過(guò)推理,從聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容中得出對(duì)的答案。對(duì)策之四:根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣,推斷別人的真實(shí)含義是什么。如:Practice【例1】

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Nightdrivingcanbedangerous.

B.Youshouldnothavedrivenduringthenight.

C.Whydon'tyoudriveallnight?

D.Didyoureallydriveallnight?【例2】Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouttheicecream?

A.Thaticecreamwasn'tfresh,wasit?

B.Thaticecreamwasveryrefreshing,wasn'tit?

C.Therewasn'tanyicecreamintherefrigerator.

D.Freshicecreamwasn'tavailable.【例3】Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.AmItired?

B.Itriedverymuch.

C.I'mtotallyexhausted.

D.HaveIbeenhired?

【例4】Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Shewantssomeonetotalkto.B.Shedoesn'twanttobedisturbedeither.

C.Shedoesn'tmindtalkingtoJohn.D.ShereallywantsJohntotalkto【例5】Q:Whatdowelearnfromthewoman'sresponse?

A.Sheagreeswiththeman.

B.ShethinksAlandoesnotgetgoodrecords.

C.Shedoesn'tknowifAlanhasanygoodrecords.

D.Shedoesn'tknowwhatthemanmeans.

【例1】

M:Istarteddrivingat8∶00p.m.yesterdayandarrivedhereat5∶30thismorning.;

W:Youdroveallnight?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Nightdrivingcanbedangerous.

B.Youshouldnothavedrivenduringthenight.

C.Whydon'tyoudriveallnight?

D.Didyoureallydriveallnight?

女士的話用的是陳述句式,但句末用的卻是升調(diào),表白她對(duì)男士開了一夜的車表達(dá)懷疑,不太相信。因此答案為D。

【例2】

M:Wasn'tthaticecreamrefreshing!

W:Youcansaythatagain.

Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouttheicecream?

A.Thaticecreamwasn'tfresh,wasit?

B.Thaticecreamwasveryrefreshing,wasn'tit?

C.Therewasn'tanyicecreamintherefrigerator.

D.Freshicecreamwasn'tavailable.

男士的話用的是否認(rèn)形式的感慨句,句末用降調(diào),表達(dá)了肯定的語(yǔ)氣。因此答案應(yīng)為B。此外,這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,對(duì)原文中的refreshing進(jìn)行了干擾,設(shè)計(jì)了fresh,refrigerator等

干擾詞,要特別小心?!纠?】

M:Youdidallthehouseworkinanhourbyyourself?Areyoutired?

W:AmItired?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.AmItired?

B.Itriedverymuch.

C.I'mtotallyexhausted.

D.HaveIbeenhired?

女士的話用了疑問(wèn)句式,

句末用了降調(diào),實(shí)際是反問(wèn),其含意是:“我累壞了,還用問(wèn)嗎?”故答案為C。B和D中的tried和hired都是原文中tired的干擾詞。

【例4】

M:YougoaheadandsitnexttoJohn.Idon'twanthimtalkingtomethroughoutthewholeplay.W:AndIdo?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantssomeonetotalkto.B.Shedoesn'twanttobedisturbedeither.

C.Shedoesn'tmindtalkingtoJohn.D.ShereallywantsJohntotalkto.對(duì)話中女士雖用了陳述句式,但末尾用升調(diào),實(shí)際是表達(dá)反問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣,即表達(dá)不滿:“難道我樂(lè)意讓他和我說(shuō)話嗎?”故答案為B?!纠?】

M:Alancertainlygotsomegoodpopularsongrecords.W:Didn'the?

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthewoman'sresponse?

A.Sheagreeswiththeman.

B.ShethinksAlandoesnotgetgoodrecords.

C.Shedoesn'tknowifAlanhasanygoodrecords.

D.Shedoesn'tknowwhatthemanmeans.

女士用了疑問(wèn)否認(rèn)的形式,句末用降調(diào),表達(dá)她對(duì)此事有同感,贊同男士的見(jiàn)解。故答案A。對(duì)策之五:邊聽(tīng)邊記做聽(tīng)力測(cè)試題目時(shí),考生應(yīng)養(yǎng)成邊聽(tīng)邊記的習(xí)慣。如考生能基本聽(tīng)懂單句、

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論