【英語(yǔ)】江蘇省蘇州市張家港市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中試題（解析版）

江蘇省蘇州市張家港市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisafternoonaccordingtothewoman?A.SunnyB.Windy.C.Rainy.2.Howmuchchangeshouldthewomanhavereceived?A.$2.B.$3.C.$5.3.Whatdoesthewomanenjoydoingonline?A.Chatting.B.ShoppingC.Reading.4.Whichsubjectdidthemanteach?A.English.B.Math.C.Physics.5.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Finishherwork.B.Lookafterherhusband.C.Takehertoadoctor.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalivingroom.B.Inabedroom.C.Inakitchen.7.Whatkindofschoolworkhavethespeakersprobablybeendoing?A.Planningaclassproject.B.Preparingforexams.C.Writingapaper.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Happy.B.UpsetC.Understanding.9.Whatsuggestiondoesthemantake?A.Gettingaprivatebathroom.B.Usinghisparents’bathroom.C.Makingaschedulewithhissister.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Carsalespersonandcustomer.B.Policeofficerandvictim.C.Neighbors.11.Whatarethelastthreelettersofthenewcar’sregistrationnumber?A.TLW.B.9LR.C.AJD.12.Whatdidtheman’sdaughterbuy?A.Somefood.B.AphoneC.Awallet.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Planningabusinesstrip.B.Takingcareofchildren.C.Makingaschedule.14.WhoisLauraprobably?A.Thewoman’smother.B.Theman’sdaughter.C.Theman’swife.15.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hewentforarun.B.Heplayedwiththekids.C.Heattendedabirthdayparty16.Whenwillthespeakersprobablymeettomorrow?A.At10:00a.m.B.At2:00p.m.C.At4:00p.m.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanychildrendoesMaryhave?A.Two.B.ThreeC.Five.18.WhatwasMary’sdreamcareerwhenshewaslittle?A.Anurse.B.Apilot.C.Ateacher.19.WhatdidteacherssayaboutMaryatschool?A.Shewasfunny.B.Shewascaring.C.Shewashard-working.20.WhatisthenameofMary’syoungestson?A.John.B.George.C.Michael，第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APlanningavisittotheUK?Herewehelpwithwaystocutyourcosts.AVOIDBIGEVENTSBigsportingevents,concertsandexhibitionscanincreasethecostofaccommodation(膳宿)andmakeithardertofindaroom.AstandarddoubleroomattheThistleBrightononthefinalFridayoftheBrightonComedyFestival(19Oct.)cost￡169.15atB.Aweeklater,thesameroomcost￡118.15.Ifyoucanbeflexibleandwanttoknowdatestoavoidoryou’relookingforabigeventtopassyourtime—checkoutsitessuchasW,whichallowyoutosearchforeventsintheUKbycity,dateandcategory.STAYAWAYFROMTHESTATIONIftravelingtoyourdestinationbytrain,youmaywanttofindagoodbaseclosetothestation,butyoucouldenduppayingmoreforthesakeofconvenienceatthestartofyourholiday.Don’tbetoochoosyaboutthepartoftownyoustayin.Ifyoubooktwomonthsinadvance,thecheapestroomatTravelodge’sCentralEustonhotelinLondonforSaturday,September22was￡95.95.AroomjustatubejourneyawayatitsCoventGardenhotelwas￡75.75.AndatFarringdon,adoubleroomcostjust￡62.95.GETONABIKELondon’s“Borisbikes”haveattractedthemostattention,butothercitiesalsohavesimilarprogrammesthatletyourentabicycleandexploreatyourownpace,savingyouonpublictransportorcarparkingcosts.AmongthesmallercitieswiththeirownprogrammesareNewcastle(casualmemberspayaround￡1.50fortwohours)andCardiff(freeforupto30minutes,or￡5perday).1.TheBrightonComedyFestivalismentionedmainlytoshowbigeventsmay_______.A.attractlotsoftravelerstotheUKB.allowtravelerstomakeflexibleplansC.leadtolongqueuesanddelaystotravelersD.causetravelerstopaymoreforaccommodation2.Whatdoes“Farringdon”inParagraph5referto?A.Thenameofatravelagency. B.Anidealholidaydestination.C.Ahotelawayfromthetrainstation D.ThetubelinetoCoventGarden.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToshowvisitorshowtorentbikesB.Tooffervisitorssomemoney-savingtips.C.Tosupplyvisitorswithhotelinformation.D.Totellvisitorshowtobookhotelsinadvance.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章針對(duì)去歐洲旅行的游客，給出了一些省錢的建議。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AVOIDBIGEVENTS部分“Bigsportingevents,concertsandexhibitionscanincreasethecostofaccommodation(膳宿)andmakeithardertofindaroom.AstandarddoubleroomattheThistleBrightononthefinalFridayoftheBrightonComedyFestival(19Oct.)cost￡169.15atB.Aweeklater,thesameroomcost￡118.15.(大型體育賽事、音樂會(huì)和展覽可能會(huì)增加住宿費(fèi)用，讓人更難找到房間。布萊頓喜劇節(jié)最后一個(gè)星期五(10月19日)，在B上，布萊頓薊酒店的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雙人房?jī)r(jià)格為169.15英鎊。一周后，同樣的房間價(jià)格為118.15英鎊)”可知，提到布萊頓喜劇節(jié)主要是為了展示大型活動(dòng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致游客支付更多的住宿費(fèi)用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Don’tbetoochoosyaboutthepartoftownyoustayin.Ifyoubooktwomonthsinadvance,thecheapestroomatTravelodge’sCentralEustonhotelinLondonforSaturday,September22was￡95.95.AroomjustatubejourneyawayatitsCoventGardenhotelwas￡75.75.(不要對(duì)你住的地方太挑剔。如果你提前兩個(gè)月預(yù)訂，9月22日(周六)Travelodge旗下倫敦中央尤斯頓酒店最便宜的房間是95.95英鎊。在科文特花園酒店(CoventGarden)的一間客房?jī)H需乘坐地鐵即可到達(dá)，價(jià)格為75.75英鎊)”可知，此處是在對(duì)酒店距離的對(duì)比，推知Farringdon應(yīng)是離火車站很遠(yuǎn)的酒店。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“PlanningavisittotheUK?Herewehelpwithwaystocutyourcosts.(計(jì)劃去英國(guó)旅游？我們?cè)谶@里提供幫助您降低成本的方法)”可知，本文的主要目的是給游客一些省錢的建議。故選B項(xiàng)。BMontessoriwasborninItalyin1870withprogressiveparents,whofrequentlycommunicatedwiththecountry’sleadingthinkersandscholars.ThisenlightenedfamilyenvironmentprovidedMontessoriwithmanyadvantagesoverotheryounggirlsofthetime.Hermother’ssupportwasvitalforsomeimportantdecisions,suchasherfurtherstudyinatechnicalschoolafterherelementaryeducation.Herparents’supportalsoprovedtobeessentialforherdecisiontostudymedicine,afieldthatwasdominatedbymen.Soonaftergraduating,in1896,MontessoribeganworkasavoluntaryassistantinaclinicattheUniversityofRome,whereshecaredforchildrenwithlearningdifficulties.Theroomswereempty,withjustafewpiecesoffurniture.Oneday,shefoundthatthechildrenwereenthusiasticallyplayingwithbreadcrumbs(面包屑)thathaddroppedonthefloor.Itthenoccurredtoherthattheoriginofsomeintellectualdisabilitiescouldberelatedwithpoverty.Withtherightlearningmaterials,theseandotheryoungmindscouldbetrained,Montessoriconcluded.TheobservationwouldleadMontessoritodevelopanewmethodofeducationthatfocusedonprovidingbetterstimulationduringthesensitiveperiodsofchildhood.Atitscentrewastheprinciple(原則)thatallthelearningmaterialsshouldbechild-sizedanddesignedtoappealtoallthesenses.Inaddition,eachchildshouldbeallowedtomoveandactfreely,andusetheircreativityandproblem-solvingskills.Teacherstooktheroleofguides,supportingthechildrenwithoutpressorcontrol.MontessoriopenedherfirstChildren’sHousein1907.WhentheFascists(法西斯主義者)firstcameintopowerinItalyin1922,theywelcomedhermovementatthebeginning.Buttheysooncametoopposetheemphasisonthechildren’sfreedomofexpression.Montessori'svalueshadalwaysbeenabouthumanrespectandtherightsofchildrenandwomen,buttheFascistswantedtouseherworkandherfame.ThingsreachedabreakingpointwhentheFascisttriedtoinfluencetheschools’educationalcontent,andin1934MontessoriandhersondecidedtoleaveItaly.Shedidn’treturntoherhomelanduntil1947,andshecontinuedtowriteaboutanddevelophermethoduntilherdeathin1952,attheageof81.4.WhatwasthemainreasonforMontessoritodevelopaneweducationalmethod?A.Herexperienceasavoluntaryassistantinaclinic.B.Herfamily’ssupportiveinfluenceonhereducation.C.Herdecisiontostudymedicine,afielddominatedbymen.D.Herobservationofchildrenplayingwithbreadcrumbshappily.5.WhatwasacentralprincipleofMontessori’seducationalmethod?A.Focusingongroupcompetition.B.Takingcontrolofchildren’saction.C.Providingone-size-fits-alllearningmaterials. D.Creatingafreeandchild-centeredenvironment.6.WhydidMontessoridecidetoleaveItalyin1934?A.Shewasofferedabetterjobinadifferentcountry.B.Shewasforcedtogiveupherworkandherfame.C.ShewantedtoavoidtheinfluencefromtheFascist.D.Shewantedtoexploreothercountriesandcultures.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMontessoriinthispassage?A.Enthusiasticandkind. B.Observantandinnovative.C.Cooperativeandgenerous. D.Traditionalandemotional.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了教育家蒙臺(tái)梭利是如何發(fā)展出新的教育方法的，其教育方法的特色以及影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneday,shefoundthatthechildrenwereenthusiasticallyplayingwithbreadcrumbs(面包屑)thathaddroppedonthefloor.Itthenoccurredtoherthattheoriginofsomeintellectualdisabilitiescouldberelatedwithpoverty.(一天，她發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們正興高采烈地玩著掉在地上的面包屑。她突然想到，一些智力缺陷的根源可能與貧窮有關(guān))”可知，蒙臺(tái)梭利發(fā)展一種新的教育方法的主要原因是她觀察到孩子們開心地玩面包屑。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Atitscentrewastheprinciple(原則)thatallthelearningmaterialsshouldbechild-sizedanddesignedtoappealtoallthesenses.Inaddition,eachchildshouldasobeallowedtomoveandactfreely,andusetheircreativityandproblem-solvingskills.Teacherstooktheroleofguides,supportingthechildrenwithoutpressorcontrol.(它的核心原則是，所有的學(xué)習(xí)材料都應(yīng)該適合兒童，并設(shè)計(jì)成能吸引所有感官。此外，每個(gè)孩子也應(yīng)該被允許自由移動(dòng)和行動(dòng)，并發(fā)揮他們的創(chuàng)造力和解決問題的能力。老師們扮演了向?qū)У慕巧跊]有壓力和控制的情況下支持孩子們)”可知，文中所描述的蒙臺(tái)梭利教育方法的核心原則是營(yíng)造自由、以兒童為中心的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThingsreachedabreakingpointwhentheFascisttriedtoinfluencetheschools’educationalcontent,andin1934MontessoriandhersondecidedtoleaveItaly.(當(dāng)法西斯主義者試圖影響學(xué)校的教育內(nèi)容時(shí)，事情達(dá)到了一個(gè)突破點(diǎn)，1934年蒙臺(tái)梭利和她的兒子決定離開意大利)”可知，1934年，蒙臺(tái)梭利決定離開意大利，因?yàn)樗氡苊夥ㄎ魉狗肿訉?duì)她工作的影響。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheobservationwouldleadMontessoritodevelopanewmethodofeducationthatfocusedonprovidingbetterstimulationduringthesensitiveperiodsofchildhood.(這一觀察結(jié)果將引導(dǎo)蒙臺(tái)梭利發(fā)展一種新的教育方法，專注于在兒童的敏感時(shí)期提供最佳的刺激)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“MontessoriopenedherfirstChildren’sHousein1907.(1907年，蒙臺(tái)梭利開辦了她的第一所兒童之家)”可推知，蒙臺(tái)梭利是善于觀察和創(chuàng)新的。故選B。CEvennow,Ihavevividmemoriesofmylastdayofhighschool.Inmymind’seye,I’mcleaningoutmylocker,andthenstaringattheemptinessforafewextrabeatsbeforeslammingitshutforthelasttime.I’mwanderinginthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.I’msittingonmydesk,swingingmyfeet,andchattingwithmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Carr,inawaythatmakesmefeelalmostgrownup.Itwasmaybemyfavoritedayofthewholeyear.Likethefinallayerofwatercolor,thefreedomandlightnessIfeelseeps(滲透)intotherestofmymemoriesofthatdayandturnsthemjustashaderosier.Iftheschoolyearhasn’tyetendedforyou,considerwhatyoucandotomaketheendingcount.Why?Becausewhenitcomestohumanmemory,notallmomentsarecreatedequal.Instead,ourrememberedexperiencesaredisproportionately(不成比例地)influencedbypeaks(thebestmomentsaswellastheworst)andendings(thelastmoments).NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhatevertroubleandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺臥式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph1mean?A.Happily. B.Surprisingly. C.Guiltily. D.Curiously.9.Whichstatementistrueaboutthepeak-endrule?A.ThelastmomentsmatterthemostinourmemoriesB.Peaksinlifecanberememberedbetterthanendings.C.Thepeaksandendsofexperiencesareeasiertoremember.D.Ourjudgmentofthepastisdeterminedbyfirstimpressions.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whytheauthorreadstoriestoherkids.B.Whatchallengestheauthorfacedinlife.C.Howtheauthorappliedtheruletodailylife.D.Whentheauthoraccompaniedherdaughters.11.WhyarePeteCarroll’swordsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowtheimportanceofeverymoment.B.Toencouragereaderstoenjoytheendings.C.Toexplainwhylastimpressionsarelasting.D.Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己高中最后一天的鮮活記憶和堅(jiān)持給女兒講睡前故事的經(jīng)歷講述了“峰終定律”，它表明我們對(duì)一段經(jīng)歷的判斷很大程度上取決于這段經(jīng)歷的巔峰和結(jié)尾，并建議人們珍惜結(jié)尾?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“I’mwanderinginthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.(我和我最好的朋友在大廳里徘徊，……忽略了每50分鐘按時(shí)響起的鐘聲，因?yàn)榫驮诮裉欤覀儽辉试S打破規(guī)則。)”可知，在這一天，他們不需要遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)則，由此可推測(cè)出，作者忽略每50分鐘定期響一次的鈴聲時(shí)是感到非常高興的，blissfully應(yīng)表示“高興地”，與happily意思相近，故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.(諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者丹尼·卡尼曼（DannyKahneman）發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種現(xiàn)象，他稱之為峰值——終點(diǎn)規(guī)則。它表明，我們對(duì)過去經(jīng)歷的判斷很大程度上是基于它最極端的點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)。)”可知，峰終定律表明，我們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬鲜歉鶕?jù)一段經(jīng)歷最極端的點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)來(lái)判斷的，由此可推斷出，一段經(jīng)歷的巔峰和結(jié)尾是最容易被記住的，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhatevertroubleandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.(幾年前，我利用了高峰期規(guī)則，當(dāng)時(shí)我的女兒們還小，每天晚上都想聽一個(gè)睡前故事。我記得我當(dāng)時(shí)想，無(wú)論那天發(fā)生了什么麻煩和壓力，我都可以讓最后的時(shí)刻變得有意義。我可以以冷靜的音符結(jié)束，表現(xiàn)得像幾個(gè)小時(shí)前我還沒有完全做到的耐心媽媽。)”可知，本段主要講述了作者在生活中愚弄了峰終定律，每天堅(jiān)持給女兒們講睡前故事，無(wú)論這一天發(fā)生了什么，她都會(huì)耐心平靜地用故事結(jié)束女兒們的一天，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺臥式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.(不要把所有的時(shí)刻都誤認(rèn)為是同等的微不足道。瑜伽課以挺臥式結(jié)束是有原因的。我們最后吃甜點(diǎn)是有原因的。一定要仔細(xì)組織結(jié)局。正如皮特·卡羅爾（PeteCarroll）所說：堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地完成。最后的印象尤其持久。)”可知，作者引用皮特·卡羅爾的話是想要說明結(jié)尾很重要，要精心安排結(jié)尾，目的是鼓勵(lì)讀者珍惜一段經(jīng)歷的最后時(shí)刻，故選B項(xiàng)。DLikemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdoubledasaresult--butarecentpapermakesmewonderifthiswillcomeatthepriceofmycomprehension.ThestudycomesfromBoazKeysarandJanetGeipel,bothattheUniversityofChicago,anditdrawsfromthe“dualprocessmodel”ofmentalprocessing.Accordingtothis-view,wehavetwowaysofassessinginformation.System1isintuitive(直覺的),relyingonnaturalabilityandfeeling.Itisquick,butlikelyexposedtomisinformation.System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.Fordecades,psychologistshavedesignedvariousteststodeterminewhichofthesetwosystemsapersonisusing.Asoneexample,considerthe/followingquestion:HowmanyanimalsofeachkinddidMosestakeontheArk(方舟)?Ifyouansweredtwo,youwereprobablyonlyconsideringthecoreofthequestion,whichisSystem1thinking.Togettotherightanswer-zero,youneedtothinkmorecarefullyaboutthewording,whichwouldallowyoutorememberitwasNoahwhobuilttheArk,notMoses.Thatisthekindofanalyticalprocess.KeysarandGeipel’sbrilliantideawastoinvestigatewhetherthesensoryform-seeingvs.hearing-oftheinformationwouldmakeadifference.Theyfoundthatitdid:whenansweringthesekindsofsimplequestions,participantsweremorelikelytomakeerrorswhenthesentenceswerespokenoutloud,ratherthanwritten.Agreaterrelianceonourfeelingscouldbeaproblemifweareconsuminginformationthatneedslogicalstudy.Forthisreason.Iwillreturntoreadingnon-fictionwithmyeyesratherthanmyears.ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflisteningtoaudiobooks?A.Itiseconomical. B.Itisdemanding.C.Itistime-consuming. D.Itisrelaxing.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSystem2model?A.Fairlyreliable. B.Fullyautomatic.C.Question-centered. D.Emotion-involved.14.WhyistheArkmentionedinParagraph3?A.Topresentafact. B.Toillustrateaview.C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Todrawaconclusion.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Listeningtobookscomesataprice.B.Readingnon-fictionbooksbenefits.C.Criticalthinkingisamustinreading.D.Waysofprocessinginformationdiffer.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞作者使用有聲書作為閱讀方式的經(jīng)歷和體驗(yàn)展開，并引入了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于信息處理方式的研究，以此為基礎(chǔ)探討了有聲書對(duì)閱讀理解可能產(chǎn)生的影響。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Likemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.(像許多人一樣，在過去的幾年里，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己把有聲讀物作為閱讀文學(xué)作品的主要手段。我發(fā)現(xiàn)在眼睛休息的時(shí)候“用耳朵閱讀”要舒服得多。)”以及最后一段“ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.(但我不會(huì)停止聽小說。當(dāng)我的批判性思維得到休息時(shí)，我很高興隨自己的情緒流動(dòng)而去。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為聽有聲讀物會(huì)讓人放松。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.(系統(tǒng)2是分析性的，涉及邏輯推理的使用。這是精神上的要求。當(dāng)它參與時(shí)，我們一步一步地思考材料。)”可知，System2涉及使用邏輯推理進(jìn)行信息處理，它要求精神上的努力，通過一步一步地思考材料來(lái)得出結(jié)論。因此，System2的結(jié)果相對(duì)可靠得多。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Asoneexample,considerthe/followingquestion:HowmanyanimalsofeachkinddidMosestakeontheArk（方舟）?Ifyouansweredtwo,youwereprobablyonlyconsideringthecoreofthequestion,whichisSystem1thinking.Togettotherightanswer-zero,youneedtothinkmorecarefullyaboutthewording,whichwouldallowyoutorememberitwasNoahwhobuilttheArk,notMoses.Thatisthekindofanalyticalprocess.(舉個(gè)例子，考慮下面的問題：摩西帶了多少種動(dòng)物上了方舟？如果你回答了兩個(gè)，你可能只考慮了問題的核心，即系統(tǒng)1思維。為了得到正確的答案——零，你需要更仔細(xì)地思考措辭，這將使你記住是諾亞建造了方舟，而不是摩西。這是一種分析過程。)”可知，作者提到方舟是為了舉例說明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即System1和System2在處理信息時(shí)的不同方式。通過提出“摩西在方舟上帶了多少種動(dòng)物？”的問題，并解釋正確答案是如何通過更仔細(xì)地考慮措辭得出的，作者展示了System2涉及的邏輯推理過程。因此，方舟的提及是為了闡明關(guān)于信息處理方式的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者通過分享自己使用有聲書作為閱讀方式的經(jīng)歷，以及引入關(guān)于信息處理方式的研究，意在表明聽書可能會(huì)帶來(lái)理解上的代價(jià)。文章提到，盡管聽書讓作者增加了閱讀量，但研究結(jié)果顯示，聽書在處理某些信息時(shí)可能不如閱讀書面材料準(zhǔn)確。特別是對(duì)于那些需要邏輯研究的信息，聽書可能導(dǎo)致更多的錯(cuò)誤。因此，作者認(rèn)為聽書是有代價(jià)的，特別是在理解方面。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’ssummer.You’reonyourfavoritebeachtowel,afriendbesideyou.You’rebothabsorbedinbooks,occasionallytakingsomewater.Butwhathappenswhenit’stimetoheadhome?Willyoucarryonreadingtogetherlater?Generallyspeaking,readingtendstobeseenasanindividualpastime.____16____However,thebenefitsofsharingtheexperiencearenumerousandworthstickingwiththroughouttheyear____17____Forexample,youdon’thavetobrainstormtoorganizeaconversation,becauseyoubothhaveabookinyourhands.Youcangetlostinyourbookwithoutworryingaboutseemingrudebynotkeepingupaconstantstreamofchatter.Asyoubothenterthesamestate,yourbloodpressurewillgodown,muscletensionwillease,andyourworrieswillfadeaway.Alltheseputyouatease.____18____Aquietcomeroftheplayground,ablanketspreadoutonthegrassinthegarden,oranycalmspacewhereyoufeelrelaxedwilldo.Spendingtimetogetherreadingcanstrengthenfriendships.Asyoutumthepages,youmightdiscoverinterestingstoriestosharewitheachother.Sometimes,you’llcomeacrossmoreseriousthemes,suchaslosingalovedoneoracherishedpet,orfacinganyoneoflife’smanychallenges.____19____Readingfictionhasbeenshowntoenhanceempathy(共情),whichistheabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelingsofanother.Asyouknow,novelsallowustolivecountlessexperiencesthroughtheircharacters.____20____A.Theywillresultinheightenedsensitivity.B.Readingwithothersiscomfortinginmanyways.C.Readingcansurelybringthejoyofrelaxationtopeople.D.Besides,youdon’tneedtofindaspecificplacetogetintothiszone.E.Soitmightseemunusualtopulloutanovelinthecompanyofothers.F.Readinginpairmayhelpyouandyourfriendstaymorecommittedtoreading.G.Discussingthesethemescanhelpdeepenthebondbetweenyouandyourfriend.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.G20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了共同閱讀的好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Willyoucarryonreadingtogetherlater?Generallyspeaking,readingtendstobeseenasanindividualpastime.(你們以后會(huì)繼續(xù)一起讀書嗎?一般來(lái)說，閱讀往往被視為一種個(gè)人消遣)”講閱讀往往被視為一種孤獨(dú)的消遣，說明共同閱讀不常見，下文“However,thebenefitsofsharingtheexperiencearenumerousandworthstickingwiththroughouttheyear(然而，分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)的好處很多，值得一整年堅(jiān)持下去)”講這種共同閱讀的經(jīng)歷好處多多，該空內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“共同閱讀不常見”相關(guān)，與下文也形成轉(zhuǎn)折，表明共同閱讀雖不常見，但好處多多，E選項(xiàng)“Soitmightseemunusualtopulloutanovelinthecompanyofothers.(因此，在別人的陪伴下讀一本小說似乎很不尋常。)”切合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空處是段首句，為本段的主旨句。下文“Forexample,youdon’thavetobrainstormtoorganizeaconversation,becauseyoubothhaveabookinyourhands.Youcangetlostinyourbookwithoutworryingaboutseemingrudebynotkeepingupaconstantstreamofchatter.Asyoubothenterthesamestate,yourbloodpressurewillgodown,muscletensionwillease,andyourworrieswillfadeaway.Alltheseputyouatease.(例如，你們不必集思廣益來(lái)組織對(duì)話，因?yàn)槟銈兪掷锒加幸槐緯?。你可以迷失在你的書中，而不用?dān)心不停地閑聊會(huì)顯得粗魯。當(dāng)你們進(jìn)入相同的狀態(tài)時(shí)，你們的血壓會(huì)下降，肌肉緊張會(huì)緩解，你們的擔(dān)憂也會(huì)消失。所有這些都讓你放心)”列舉了共同閱讀的多種好處，B選項(xiàng)“Readingwithothersiscomfortinginmanyways.(和別人一起閱讀在很多方面都令人感到欣慰。)”引出下文，B項(xiàng)中的“iscomfortinginmanyways”能夠概括本段中提到的多種好處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由下文“Aquietcomeroftheplayground,ablanketspreadoutonthegrassinthegarden,oranycalmspacewhereyoufeelrelaxedwilldo.(操場(chǎng)上一個(gè)安靜的角落，在花園的草地上鋪一條毯子，或者任何你覺得放松的安靜空間都可以)”可知，共同閱讀并不限制場(chǎng)地，一個(gè)安靜的地方就行，D選項(xiàng)“Besides,youdon’tneedtofindaspecificplacetogetintothiszone.(此外，你不必找一個(gè)特定的地方來(lái)進(jìn)入這種狀態(tài)。)”能引起下文的例子。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】由上文“Spendingtimetogetherreadingcanstrengthenfriendships.(花時(shí)間一起閱讀可以加強(qiáng)友誼)”可知共同閱讀可以加強(qiáng)友誼，再結(jié)合上文“Sometimes,you’llcomeacrossmoreseriousthemes,suchaslosingalovedoneoracherishedpet,orfacinganyoneoflife’smanychallenges.(有時(shí)，你會(huì)遇到更嚴(yán)肅的主題，比如失去一段愛情或心愛的寵物，或者面對(duì)生活中的許多挑戰(zhàn))”講共同閱讀時(shí)會(huì)碰到的更嚴(yán)重的主題，可知該空應(yīng)該講共同閱讀下這些主題會(huì)對(duì)加強(qiáng)友誼所起到的積極作用，G選項(xiàng)“Discussingthesethemescanhelpdeepenthebondbetweenyouandyourfriend.(討論這些主題有助于加深你和朋友之間的聯(lián)系。)”切合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Readingfictionhasbeenshowntoenhanceempathy(共情),whichistheabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelingsofanother.Asyouknow,novelsallowustolivecountlessexperiencesthroughtheircharacters.(閱讀小說已被證明可以增強(qiáng)同理心，這是一種理解和分享他人感受的能力。正如你所知道的，小說讓我們通過他們的人物經(jīng)歷了無(wú)數(shù)的經(jīng)歷)”可知，本段主要講述了閱讀能增強(qiáng)同理心，所以A項(xiàng)“Theywillresultinheightenedsensitivity.(它們會(huì)導(dǎo)致高度敏感)”符合文意，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AwinterstormdroppedhugeamountsofsnowovernightonJanuary16inwesternPennsylvania.CoachBrianDelallo,whoworkedonalocalhighschoolfootballteam,decidedto____21____hisplayers’weightliftingpractice.Hetextedhisplayerssaying,“Duetotheexpectedsevere____22____,Monday’sweightliftingworkouthasbeencancelled.____23____anelderlyordisabledneighborandshovel(為……除雪)theirdriveway.Don’tacceptany____24____—that’sourMondayworkout.”Theplayersreceivedthemessageandwentouttoworkonthemorethansixinchesofsnow.Theysaidthattheyremoved____25____fromdozensofhomes.Someplayerstextedtheircoachafterwardstotellhimhow____26____itwas.“Weallfeel____27____aboutit,”saidteamcaptainGavinMoul.“It’snotonlyhelpingthem,butit’shelpingustobecomeabetterteam.”Manyofthepeoplewhomtheteammembers____28____couldn’tbelievethattheplayerswouldn’tacceptanypayment.Sometimespeopleevenrefusedtheirhelp____29____theywouldn’ttakemoneyforit.___30___,itwasnotthefirsttimefortheteamtohaveshovelingworkout.Itwasstartedbyacoachmorethantwodecadesago.Itwasoneofthemany____31____theteamkept.“It’sabout____32____.”thecoachsaid.“Itisaninspiringwayforustointeractwithourcommunityandshowthatit____33____.Shovelingsnowisjustoneofthoseopportunitiestoshowappreciationtothecommunitythatsupportsus.Theteamgotaworkoutandgave____34____tothecommunitybydoingtheseactsofkindnessatthesametime.Itwasa____35____forall.21.A.tryout B.pickup C.goover D.calloff22.A.injury B.weather C.disease D.pressure23.A.Find B.Permit C.Track D.Dismiss24.A.money B.apology C.challenge D.request25.A.dirt B.water C.snow D.waste26.A.demanding B.rewarding C.promising D.amusing27.A.hopeful B.great C.surprised D.tired28.A.approached B.surrounded C.rescued D.entertained29.A.sothat B.unless C.until D.because30.A.Actually B.Moreover C.Unfortunately D.Instantly31.A.goals B.secrets C.traditions D.jobs32.A.community B.success C.harvest D.intervention33.A.matters B.cares C.works D.stays34.A.off B.up C.in D.back35.A.way B.win C.must D.lesson【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.B27.B28.A29.D30.A31.C32.A33.A34.D