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IdiomTranslationundertheChineseandEnglishCulturesClassXXXNumberXXXNameXXXAbstract:Nida,afamoustranslator,says,"Fortrulysuccessfultranslation,itismuchmoreimportanttofamiliarizetwoculturesthanmastertwolanguages,becausewordsareassignedmeaningsinitsparticularcultures."(Backgroundinformation)Thisistosay,translationiscloselyrelatedwithnotonlylanguagesbutalsocultures.StudiesoftheculturaldistinctioninidiomtranslationarestillrelativelyweakinthefieldoftranslationinChina.ExclusiveresearchonthetranslationofChineseandEnglishidiomsisstillincomplete.Inthelasttwentyyears,idiomtranslationhasmostlyemphasizedthelevelofinter-lingualcommunication,butculturaldifferenceswererarelyinvolvedinit.(Identifyproblem)ThisthesisanalysestheculturaldifferencesinChineseandEnglishidioms,thenstudiesEnglish-Chinese\Chinese-Englishidiomtranslationmethods(Researchsubject)fromtheangleofculture(Method)andpointsoutsomewarningsconcerningidiomtranslation:payattentiontocontextandchoosetherightversioninlinewiththestyleandmeaningoftheoriginalpassage(Results);cultureisawholewayoflife,whennewcultureemerges,newidiomsalsoappear,thereforeidiomtranslationshoulddevelopwiththetime.(Conclusion)KeyWords:idioms;culture;translation論英漢文化背景下的習(xí)語翻譯摘要:著名翻譯學(xué)家奈達(dá)指出:“對于真正成功的翻譯而言,熟悉兩種文化甚至比掌握兩種語言更為重要,因?yàn)樵~語只有在其作用的文化背景下才有意義?!币簿褪钦f,翻譯不僅與語言有關(guān)也和文化有關(guān)。習(xí)語翻譯中對文化差異的研究在中國的翻譯領(lǐng)域中仍然較弱,專門對中英習(xí)語翻譯的研究還不很完善。近20年來,習(xí)語翻譯大多強(qiáng)調(diào)語際的交流,而很少涉及文化差異。本文通過分析中英習(xí)語的文化差異,進(jìn)而從文化角度研究中英習(xí)語翻譯方法,并指出中英習(xí)語翻譯要注意的問題:聯(lián)系上下文,選擇與原文風(fēng)格,意思相符的翻譯;文化是一種生活方式,文化在變化,出現(xiàn)新的習(xí)語,習(xí)語翻譯要與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。關(guān)鍵詞:習(xí)語;文化;翻譯1.IntroductionIdiomsuniversallyexistineverylanguage.AnIdiomisawordoranexpressionthatcannotbeliterallytranslatedfromthesourcelanguageintothetargetlanguagebecauseitsidiomaticmeaningcannotbeunderstoodbyliterallydefiningitscomponentparts.(Background)Inabroadsense,idiomscontainsetphrases,proverbs,colloquialisms,slangs,maxims,allusions,etc.(YinLi,2007:9)InChinese,theyalsoincludeenigmaticfolksimiles.Newmark,aBritishtranslationtheorist,inhisworkATextbookofTranslation,said,"Idefineasculturethewayoflifeandhismanifestationthatarepeculiartoacommunitythatusesapeculiarlanguageasitsmeansofexpression."(Previousresearch)EnglishIdiomsderivesfromEnglishculturesanddailylife.Inrealcontext,idiomsexplainthemselves:ninetimesoutoftentheycarrytheirownexplanations.Ifweareunawareofthese,wewillfindourselvesinastateofconfusionsincewewillassignliteralmeaningtothem.TheChineseIdioms,especiallythefour-characteridioms,havetheirownuniqueoriginswhicharecloselycorrelativetotheChinesehistoryandcultures.Inviewofthedifficultiesinunderstandingidioms,weshouldpaydueattentionandeffortstounderstandtheirculturesandcustoms.ThisthesisisdesignedtodigintotheculturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishandthenelaboratesonthetranslationtheoriesappliedtoidioms.(Subject+Method)2.AComparisonBetweenEnglishandChineseIdioms2.1TheCulturalDifferencesBetweenEnglishandChineseIdioms2.1.1GeographicalConditionsTheformationofcultureiscloselyrelatedwithnaturalgeographicalconditions.Aspecificgeographicalenvironmentproducesaspecificculture,whichalsoleadstoaparticularexpression.GreatBritaincoversislandsincludingtheNorthernone-sixthoftheislandof4.SomeWarningsConcerningIdiomTranslation……………….……………….……………….5.ConclusionOneofthemajorcharacteristicsidentifyingusashumanisourabilitytouselanguage.Languageplaysaveryimportantroleinpeople’sdailylife;itenablespeoplecommunicatewitheachotherandunderstandothers'feelings.Languagehascloserelationswithculture.Itisimpossibletoseparatelanguagefromculture.Astheessenceoflanguage,idiomsalsohavecloserelationswithculture.Thecontentsofthemrangefromsociety,history,psychologytocustomsandothervarioussocialphenomena.So,intheprocessoftranslation,translatorsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheculturalfactors,indoingthis,hecandiguptheimplicitmeanings.(Conclusionofresearch)Onlytheculturalfactorsareconcerned,translatorscanhaveasatisfactorytranslation.Besides,peopleshouldgetacquaintanceswiththeculturalbackgroundwhenusingidiomstoavoidembarrassmentincommunication.(Suggestions)References[*]作者.書名(英語的斜體).(出版地:)出版社,年份:參考內(nèi)容頁碼[*]作者.文章名(英語的斜體).刊物名稱.(出版地:)出版社,年份[1]LiMei.Mothertongueandtranslation.Shanhai:ShanhaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,2008[2]LiQingming.AComparisonoftheCulturesbetweentheChineseandEnglishLanguage.Xi'an:Northwest[3]NidaEugene.ThetheoryandPracticeofTranslation.Leiden:E.J.Brill,1982[4]NidaEugene.Language,Culture,andTranslating.Shanhai:ShanhaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,1993[5]SusanBassnett,AndreLefevere.Translation,History,Culture.Shanghai:ShanhaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,1987[6]LuoShiping.AResearchonEnglishIdioms.Shanhai:ShanhaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,2006[7]LiYuping.EnglishIdiomsandtheirCulturalOrigin.Tianjin:Nankai[8]YinLi.English-ChineseIdiomsandFolkCulture.Beijing:Bejingunive
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