新教材2024版高中英語(yǔ)Unit4BreakingboundariesSectionBUsinglanguage學(xué)生用書(shū)外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

SectionBUsinglanguage?第一版塊|重點(diǎn)詞匯1．minorityn．少數(shù)派；少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族?Onlyaminorityofstudentsis/areinterestedinpolitics.只有少數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)政治感愛(ài)好。?Womenareintheminorityinthetopranksofgovernment.在政府的高級(jí)職位中，女性占少數(shù)。[歸納探究](1)aminorityof少數(shù)的……beina/theminority占少數(shù)(2)minoradj.較小的，次要的majoradj.大的，重要的ina/themajority占大多數(shù)themajorityof大多數(shù)[聯(lián)想拓展]nationalminority 少數(shù)民族minoritygroup 少數(shù)群體，少數(shù)群minoritylanguage 少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言；少數(shù)人的語(yǔ)言；小語(yǔ)種minorityshareholder 小股東；少數(shù)股東minorityleader 少數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖[即學(xué)活用]完成句子①M(fèi)ostofthepeopleturnedtheirbacktohim.Only______________________(少數(shù)人)gavehimahand.②Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecause______________________________(大多數(shù))thecommitteemembersareagainstit.③Inthenursingprofession,women______________________________(占大多數(shù)).單句語(yǔ)法填空④Toourdisappointment,onlyaminorityofpeople________(be)insupportofourplan.2.castv．選派(角色)；投，拋，扔?StevenSpielbergcastherastheyoungWendyinHook.史蒂文·斯皮爾伯格選她扮演影片《鐵鉤船長(zhǎng)》中年輕的溫迪一角。?Recentresearchhascastnewlightonthecausesofthedisease.最近的探討可以使人進(jìn)一步了解導(dǎo)致這種疾病的緣由。?Herfather'sillnesscastashadowoverthebirthofherbaby.她父親的病給她孩子的誕生蒙上了一層陰影。[歸納探究]castsb.assth.選某人扮演某個(gè)角色castlightonsth.使了解某事；闡明某事castdoubtonsth.使懷疑某事castashadow/cloudoversth.給某事蒙上陰影[聯(lián)想拓展]castout驅(qū)除；逐出nodularcastiron球墨鑄鐵castby放棄；解除castaway丟掉，奢侈；使失事castaside拋棄；廢除caston連忙披上(衣服等)castdown使懊喪；使下降；推翻[即學(xué)活用]完成句子①Hehas________________________________(選定她扮演一名律師)inhislatestmovie.②He______________________________________(被選扮演)acollegeprofessor.③Thediscoveryofthedinosaurskeletonhas________________(使人們了解)whytheybecameextinct.④Thislatestevidencehas________________________(使人們懷疑)hisversionofevents.3.rewardingadj.值得做的，有意義的，有益的?Whilethesesixstepsaresimple,theyareveryrewarding.雖然這六步很簡(jiǎn)潔，但是卻特別值得做。?Finishingalongrunisaveryrewardingexperience.完成一次長(zhǎng)跑是一項(xiàng)特別有益的體驗(yàn)。[歸納探究]rewardv.嘉獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)賞；給以酬勞n.嘉獎(jiǎng)；回報(bào)；酬勞rewardsb.withsth.用某物嘉獎(jiǎng)某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因?yàn)?做)某事而嘉獎(jiǎng)某人arewardfor...對(duì)……的回報(bào)/獎(jiǎng)賞[聯(lián)想拓展]asarewardfor作為……的酬勞；作為……的回報(bào)rewardsystem獎(jiǎng)賞系統(tǒng)；嘉獎(jiǎng)系統(tǒng)rewardwith獎(jiǎng)賞offerareward懸賞monetaryreward金錢(qián)獎(jiǎng)賞；賞金financialreward物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)酬，獎(jiǎng)金inrewardfor作為報(bào)答；作為……的酬勞[即學(xué)活用]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theworkisdifficult,butit'salsovery________(reward)whenpeopledowellandgetcured.②There'snothing________(rewarding)thanputtingsmilesonthefacesaroundyou.③Thecompanyrewardedhim________ajourneytoChinalastyear.④Hegavethechildrensomechocolatetorewardthem________behavingwell.4.inparticular尤其，特別?Irememberoneoftheminparticular.我尤其記得他們中的一個(gè)人。?Areyoudoinganythinginparticulartonight?你今晚有什么特別的事要做嗎？?Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.她對(duì)衣著特別挑剔。[歸納探究](1)inparticular相當(dāng)于particularly，但兩者位置不同：inparticular要放在被修飾詞之后，而particularly要放在被修飾詞之前。(2)beparticularabout對(duì)……講究/挑剔[聯(lián)想拓展]inparticularorder以特別的依次inparticularwith特別是；特別是與；特別是在inparticularsettings在特定的設(shè)置；在特定的環(huán)境中[即學(xué)活用]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Sheisveryparticular________thequalityoftheproduce.②Oneagentrecommendedahouse________particular.③Wearehopingtoexpandourbusiness,________(particular)inEurope.識(shí)登記列短語(yǔ)①belikelytodosth.很可能做某事②settledown定居，安靜下來(lái)③mergeinto(使)匯合；(使)并入④makeajointeffort共同努力⑤haveaneffecton...對(duì)……有影響⑥nowonder難怪⑦enablesb.todosth.使某人能夠做某事⑧cultureshock文化沖擊⑨mutualbenefits互惠⑩formcloseconnectionswith...與……形成緊密聯(lián)系語(yǔ)法導(dǎo)入——it用作形式主語(yǔ)1．語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象感知①Butitisvitalnottotakeanychances.②WhenIsawthetragicscenesonthenews,Ifeltitwasmydutyasadoctortogothereandoffermyhelp.③ItisimportanttorememberthatEboladoesn'trespectnationalboundaries.④ItissoinspiringtohavecolleagueslikeWilton,MaisyandAlfonso,nottomentionalltheothersIhaveworkedwith.⑤Inaworldstillfacingsomanyproblems,itisabsolutelyessentialforusalltocollaboratetocreateaglobalcommunitywithasharedfutureofpeaceandprosperity.2．語(yǔ)法規(guī)則理解以上例句中的it用作形式________，指代后面的________。【語(yǔ)法探究·核心突破】it用作形式主語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)中it可用于代替上文中提到的那一個(gè)事物，代替上文中說(shuō)到的一件事，代替不知情的人(尤其是不知身份、性別和姓名的人)。也可用于表示時(shí)間、天氣、距離、計(jì)算結(jié)果等。還可用來(lái)代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等，充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。本單元主要學(xué)習(xí)it用作形式主語(yǔ)的用法。1．用作形式主語(yǔ)替代不定式。①I(mǎi)tis＋adj.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.【微點(diǎn)撥】句型中的形容詞表示對(duì)邏輯主語(yǔ)的評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)，不定式前用ofsb.，常見(jiàn)的形容詞有brave，careless，foolish，honest，kind，modest，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong等；若形容詞表示重要性，緊迫性、頻繁程度、難易、平安等狀況時(shí)，則不定式前用forsb.，常見(jiàn)的形容詞有important，necessary，easy，hard，natural，impossible等。②It＋is/was＋one'sturn/duty/pleasure(apity,greatfun,ahabit,time,arule,ashame,nowonder)＋todosth.③Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事。④Itcostssb.somemoneytodosth.某人花費(fèi)多少錢(qián)去做某事。⑤It'suptosb.todosth.應(yīng)由某人(負(fù)責(zé))做某事。?It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你幫助我真好。?Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.按時(shí)交電費(fèi)很重要，因?yàn)橥斫浑娰M(fèi)可能會(huì)影響你的信譽(yù)。?Itisyourturntoreadthetext.輪到你讀課文了。?Ittakesmeanhourtowalkthereandback.我步行一個(gè)來(lái)回用一小時(shí)。?Itisuptoyoutomaketheplan.應(yīng)當(dāng)由你制訂這個(gè)支配。2．用作形式主語(yǔ)替代動(dòng)詞-ing形式。有些句型中it用作形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞-ing形式：①I(mǎi)t'suseless/(of)nouse/(of)nogood...做……是徒然的/沒(méi)有用的/沒(méi)有好處的。②Itisawasteof...doingsth.做某事是奢侈……的。?Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.＝Itisuselessgivinghimsomeadvice.給他提建議沒(méi)用。?Itisnogoodlivingalonewithoutkeepingintouchwithothers.獨(dú)居而不和他人來(lái)往沒(méi)有好處。(it用作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)livingalonewithout...為真正的主語(yǔ))?Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadehimtochangehismind.Asisknowntousall,heissostubborn.試圖勸服他變更方法是在奢侈時(shí)間。眾所周知，他是如此固執(zhí)。3．用作形式主語(yǔ)替代主語(yǔ)從句。①I(mǎi)tbe＋adj.＋that...(常用于此句型的形容詞有：certain，doubtful，important，necessary，easy，strange，national等)②Itbe＋過(guò)去分詞＋that...據(jù)……(常用于此句型的過(guò)去分詞有：said，announced，believed，reported，known，hoped等)③Itbe＋n.＋that...做……是……的。(常用于此句型的名詞有：pity，honour，shame，wonder等)④Ithappens/turnsout/occurstosb.that...碰巧/結(jié)果是/某人突然想起……?Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)當(dāng)被很好地完成，這一點(diǎn)是必要的。?It'sapitythatIdidn'tthinkofitearlier.真是缺憾我沒(méi)有早一點(diǎn)這么想。?Itsohappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都賣(mài)光了。?Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.她突然想到她可以收養(yǎng)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的孩子。?Itturnsoutthatthesituationisquiteserious.結(jié)果表明狀況很?chē)?yán)峻。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Fromtheteacher'spatientexplanation,Ihavelearntwhatabigresponsibility________istoeducateus.2．Iknow________isimportanttoknowmyownlimitations,butwhatisdifficultistohelpotherstoknowtheirownlimitations.3．It________(know)tousthatheisoneofthemostfamousfootballplayersintheworld.4．Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.5．________feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(用it作形式主語(yǔ))1．Weallknewthattheyhadbrokentheirpromise.→________________________________theyhadbrokentheirpromise.2．Peoplesaythattheweatherinthenorthisquitedifferentfromthatinthesouth.→____________________________theweatherinthenorthisquitedifferentfromthatinthesouth.3．SheisreportedtohavewonseveralgoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.→________________________________shehas