人教版初三(上)英語(yǔ)第12講：UNIT-6-語(yǔ)法篇(教師版)

Module6語(yǔ)法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握本模塊的一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

·基本結(jié)構(gòu)

肯定式：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

ThezipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.

否定式:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+過(guò)去分詞+by

Shewasnotgivenapaintingbyhim.

一般疑問(wèn)句:Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+by?

WasthezipperinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893?

特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+過(guò)去分詞+by

Whowasit/weretheyinventedby?

Whenwasteafirstdrunk?

Whenwasteabroughttoothercountries?

Howwasthecatfound?·

主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的方法

第一步：把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。

第二步：把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（be+過(guò)去分詞）。（根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式）。

第三步：把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。如：

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

Theymakethebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

口訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂變bedone，時(shí)不變，數(shù)格必須隨被變。（

）1.Manyboysthinkplayingcomputergamesis

ofallgames.A.moreinteresting B.themostinterestingC.interesting D.moreandmoreinteresting（）2.Theblackboard______justnow.Doyouknowwhodidit?cleaned B.wascleaning

C.hascleaned D.wascleaned（

）3.Thathouseisnot

,sowehave

tobuyit.A.enoughbig;enoughmoney

B.bigenough；enoughmoneyC.enoughbig;moneyenough

D.muchbig;manymoney（

）4.Canyoutellme____？A.whothemachineinvented

B.whothemachineinventedbyC.whowasthemachineinventedby

D.whothemachinewasinventedby（

）5.Wasacarinvented_____March4,1876?on

B.in

C.at

D.of解析：1.介詞短語(yǔ)ofallgames是表示“范圍”的，在一定的范圍內(nèi)作比較，是用形容詞的最高級(jí)。interesting是多音節(jié)的形容詞，所以它的最高級(jí)是用themostinteresting。故選B。2.justnow的意思是“剛才”，可以判斷是過(guò)去時(shí)，blackboard不能執(zhí)行后面的動(dòng)作clean，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D。3.本句考查enough的用法。enough作副詞修飾形容詞的時(shí)候，放在形容詞的后面；enough作形容詞修飾名詞的時(shí)候，放在名詞的前面。第一個(gè)空是用enough修飾形容詞big，所以用bigenough；第二個(gè)空用enough修飾后面的名詞，所以用enoughmoney。故選B。4.本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序，又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D.5.具體在哪天，介詞用on。故選A?；A(chǔ)演練一.根據(jù)句意及括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的提示填空。1.Thesebridges__________(repair)bytheworkerslastmonth.2.Mary__________(hear)tosingthesongintheroomlastnight.3.Thissweater__________(wash)byLucyyesterdaymorning4.Theflowers__________(take)awaybyachildtenminutesago.

5.Thebike__________(ride)tothezoobyhimyesterday.答案：1.wererepaired

2.washeard

3.waswashed

4.weretaken

5.wasridden鞏固提高根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空，使短文完整、通順，有的需要變換形式。become,popular,feed,call,rapidThefirstbikeappearedover200yearsago.People(1)_______it“thehorseonwheels”.Later,thebikebecamevery(2)_______.Peoplelikedbikesbecausetheywerenotasexpensiveashorses.Theywouldn’thavetobuildaspecialhouseforthemor(3)_______them.Andthen,trains,shipsandairplanesbegantoappeararoundtheworld.Transportation(運(yùn)輸工具)betweencitiesaroundtheworldbecamemoreconvenientand(4)_______.Nowmanycitiesnotonlyhavealotofpublictransportationsuchasbusesandtaxis,buttheyalsohavemanycarsandotherprivatetransportation.Theworldis(5)_______smallerandsmaller.IfyoutakeaplanefromBeijingtoNewYorkCity,itonlytakesyouaboutthirteenhours.答案：1.called

2.popular

3.feed

4.rapid

5.Becoming三.將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

1.Mr.Greenwrotetwobookslastyear.____________________________________________2.Shesawthemcomeintotheroom.____________________________________________3.Maryboughthimsomeflowers.____________________________________________4.Theylookedforthatsetofkeysjustnow.____________________________________________5.Hebroughtaradiotoschooltoday.____________________________________________答案：TwobookswerewrittenbyMr.Greenlastyear.2.Theywereseentocomeintotheroombyher.3.SomeflowerswereboughtforhimbyMary.4.Thatsetofkeyswaslookedforbythemjustnow.

5.Aradiowasbroughttoschoolbyhimtoday.一．單項(xiàng)選擇。l.Themachineisused_________makingshoes_________theworkers.as;for B.for;asC.by;for D.for;by212.English_________inmanycountries,butChinese_________theirownlanguage.isspoken;speaks B.speaks;isspokenC.isspoken;speak D.isspoken;isspoken3.Anumberoftourists_________Beijingmanytimesbecauseofitsbeautifulscenery.A.havebeento B.hasbeentoC.hasgoneto D.havegonetoIfyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill_________laugh.bemake B.bemadetoC.maketo D.make5.Whowasthisworkdone_________?A.to B.withC.by D.of6.–Who_________thetelephone?-It_________byBell.A.wasinvented;wasinvented B.invented;inventedC.invented;wasinvented D.wasinvented;invented7.Chinese_________bymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday.A.learn B.learnedC.islearned D.waslearned8.-It'sreportedthatsomecapsules(膠囊)arereallybadforourhealth.-Soundsterrible.Hopefullytheproblem_________assoonaspossible.A.issolved B.hassolvedC.wassolved D.willbesolved9.OnweekendswehelpMotherwithhouseworkinthekitchen_________shecanenjoyherselfbysearchingtheInternet.A.after B.untilC.that D.sothat10.Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon'tknow_________.A.howtodoit B.howtodoC.whattodoit D.whattodo答案：DCABCCCDDA二.完形填空。先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。Twohundredyearsago,peopleintheWestdidnotknowcoffeeortea.Theywere1todrinkthembecausetheythoughtcoffeeorteacouldkillaperson.Accordingtoalegend,oncethekingofEnglanddecidedtofindout2itwastrueornot.Atthattimethereweretwobrothersinprison.Theywould3inafewdaysbecausetheydidsomethingwrong.Thekingsaid,"Ishallletthemlive,buttheymustdrinkcoffeeorteatotheendoftheir4.Onebrothermustdrinkcoffeeand5mustdrinkteaeveryday."Andthey6asthekingtoldthem.They7livedmanyyears.Atlast,theelderbrother8whenhewaseighty-threeyearsold.Theyoungeronediedafewyears9.Afterthat,peopleknewthatcoffeeandteawerenotbad10man.l.A.happy B.afraid C.strong D.rich52.A.when B.what C.whether D.because3.A.befree B.bebackhome C.becaught D.bekilled4.A.alive B.live C.lives D.Living5.A.one B.another C.other D.theother6.A.heard B.listenedto C.following D.did7.A.both B.each C.neither D.all8.A.killed B.lived C.died D.dead9.A.ago B.old C.later D.before2110.A.to B.in C.at D.for答案：1~5.BCDCD6~10.DACCD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A.Whenwasitinvented?B.Whereisitmade?C.WhatA.Whenwasitinvented?B.Whereisitmade?C.What’situsedfor?D.Whoinventedthatmachine?E.Wouldyouliketohaveatrywithme?F.Buthowdoesitwork?G.What’sthisinEnglish?A:Hi,Danny!What'sthiscalledinEnglish?B:Oh,it'sakey.A:What'sitmadeof?B:It’smadeofmetal.A:__________1B:It'susedforopeningandlockingadoor.A:Isee.That'sinteresting.CanIhaveatry?B:Yes,please.A:Look,itworks.Bytheway,what'sthatoverthere?B:Youmayhaveaguess.A:Itlooksstrange,neitherlikeabikenoraplane.__________2B:Itwasinventedbymyfather.Youmaycallitaplike.A:__________3B:Yesterdaymorning.A:What'situsedfor?B:It'susedforridingorflying.A:__________4B:Youcanrideitlikeabike.Asyouridefasterandfaster,itcanflylikeaplane.3A:Thatsoundsinteresting.Ithinkyourfatherissogreat!B:Ithinkso.__________5A:Yeah,I’dloveto.答案：CDAFE二．完形填空。Whodesigned(設(shè)計(jì))thefirsthelicopter?Who1someofthemostfamouspicturesintheworld?Whoknewmoreaboutthehumanbodythanmost2_ofhistime?Thereisananswer3allthesequestions-LeonardodaVinci(達(dá)·芬奇).Leonardomayhavebeenthegreatestgenius(天才)4haveeverknown.HelivedinItalyabouttheyear1500,butmanyofhisinventionsseemmodemtoustoday.Forexample,oneofhisnotebookshasdrawingsofahelicopter.Ofcourse,hecouldn't5ahelicopterwiththethingshehad.Butscientistssayhisideawouldhaveworked.ButLeonardo6aninventor.Hewasoneofthegreatestartistsofhisday.Bythetimehewastwentyyearsold,hewascalledamaster(大師)painter,andashegotolderhebecame7morefamous.Sometimeshedrewahandintendifferentways8hewasreadytopaint.ManyofLeonardo'swonderfulpaintingsarestillwith9today.Youmayknowoneofhismostfamousworks-the10womanknownastheMonaLisa.1.A.took B.made C.painted D.invented2.A.artists B.doctors C.painters D.people3.A.to B.of C.for D.from4.A.thescientists B.theLutists C.theworld D.people5.A.draw B.paint C.work D.build6.A.wasjust B.wasn'tjust C.wasn't D.wasnolongerA.less B.no C.even D.Very8.A.before B.after C.because D.when9.A.him B.us C.them D.you10.A.interesting B.crying C.smiling D.surprising答案：CBADDBCABC三．閱讀理解。ALeonardodaVinciwasbornonApril15,1452inItaly.Heisbestknownasanartisttoday.OneofhisfamouspaintingsiscalledMonaLisa.However,Leonardohadmanyothernaturalabilities.Hewasalsoagreatinventor.Manyofhisinventionshavebecomeimportantinmoderndaylife.AlthoughLeonardohatedwar,heinventedmanydifferentmachinesusedforwar.Hismostspecialinventionwasthemachinegun,whichwasproducedandusedinwarmanyyearslater.Bywatchingthewaybirdsfly,Leonardotriedtofindoutthesecretofflying.Amonghissketches(索描)wecanseeseveralobjects.Weconsiderthemasmodernflyingmachines.Leonardospentmanyhoursthinkingabouthowtomakegooduseoftime.Hedevelopedideasforlabor-savingmachineslikecuttingmachines.Leonardowasastrangeman.Hedidn'teatanymeat,whichwasveryunusualinthosetimes.Heneverpublished(發(fā)表)hisideasandscientificdiscoveries.Heusuallyusedmirrorwriting,whichlookslikewritinginamirror,startingfromtherightsideofthepageandmovingtotheleft.Wehaveverylittleofhisworktoday.Leonardofinishedonlyafewofhispaintings.Heleftmanyunfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.NooneinhislifetimeknewhowgreatLeonardowas.Wenowbelieve,however,thathewasoneofthecleverestmentheworldhaseverknown.21l.Accordingtothepassage,Leonardoisnotonlyanartistbusalso____________.aninventor B.anengineerC.awriter D.amusician2.____________wasLeonardo'smostspecialinvention.A.Themirrorwriting B.ThecuttingmachineC.Themachinegun D.Theflyingmachine3.Leonardowasstrange,forexample,____________.A.hedidn'teatanyvegetablesB.heusuallyusedmirrorwritingC.helikedtopublishhisdiscoveriesD.heenjoyeddrawingflyingmachines4.Leonardoinventedsomemachinesto____________.A.stopthewar B.helppaintpicturesC.watchthebirds D.makegooduseoftime5.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatLeonardowasvery____________.A.humorous B.seriousC.clever D.Lonely答案：ACBDC（2014年人教版初三期末測(cè)試題）BThebicycleisoneofthesimplestandmostusefulinventionsintheworld.Whatisthemostsurprisingisthatitwasnotinventedearlier,althoughthegreatinventorLeonardodaVincihaddrawnpicturesforbicyclesandalsoforflyingmachinesandsomeotherthings.Thosethingswerenotproduceduntillongafterhedied.Apersonridingabicycleusesverylittleenergytomakethebicyclemove,andthereisnopollutionatallwhenyouareriding.InChengdu,alotofpeoplerodebicyclestoworktwentyyearsago.Butcarsinsteadofthemnow.Evensoindevelopedcountries,mostpeopledonottraveltoworkbybicycle.Itisnotbecausethebicyclesareexpensiveorpeoplefeeltirediftheyridetowork.Itisbecausethenumberofcarsontheroadsisbecominglarger.Itcertainlybecomesmoredangeroustorideabicycle.Asaresult,morepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayandgotoworkintheircars.Andinthisway,thetrafficisverycrowdedwhenpeoplegotoworkby