2022-2023學(xué)年湖南省永州市某中學(xué)高二年級(jí)上冊(cè)入學(xué)英語(yǔ)檢測(cè)題（解析版）

2022年永州市四中九月高二學(xué)生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)檢測(cè)題

第一局部聽力（共兩節(jié)，總分值30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀

一遍。

1.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?

A.Stayathome.B.Gotovisitherfriends.C.GototheOlympicGames.

2.Whathappenedtotheboytodayatschool?

A.Hefoughtwithsomeone.B.Hedidn'tjoininthefight.C.Hemadeabigfire.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Insideacinema.B.Inaticketoffice.C.Outsideacinema.

4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.SheisverygoodatEnglish.

B.Shelikesmathnow.

C.Shethinksthemanisfunny.

5.Whathappenedtothewoman?

A.Shemisunderstoodtheman.

B.Shewantedtotakethe6:00flight.

C.Shechangedthereservationto7:00.

第二節(jié)（共15小題每題1.5分，總分值22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。

6.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Sandra'sfoot.B.Cleaningthefloor.C.Housekeepingcosts.

7.WhoisBrenda?

A.Dave*shousecleaner.B.Sandra'sboss.C.Dave'ssister.

聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。

8.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Thursday.B.Wednesday.C.Tuesday.

9.Howhasthemantriedtoreachhisbrother?

A.Bysendinghimatext.B.Bygoingtohishouse.C.Byleavinghimavoicemail.

聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題。

10.Whatdoes''havingEnglishweatherinyourbody"mean?

A.Havingacough.B.Catchingacold.C.Makingajoke.

11.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?

A.Drinkplentyofwaterandjuices.

B.Stopdrinkinglemonwater.

C.Changemedicines.

12.Whatshouldthemantakeaccordingtothewoman?

A.Hismedicalrecord.B.Hishealthinsurance.C.Anumbrella.

聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至16題。

13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Homeownerandcleaner.

14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?

A.Onewithoutfurniture.B.Onenearamarket.C.Onewithtwobedrooms.

15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheone-bedroomapartment?

A.$350.B.$400,C.$415.

16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?

AOnLakeStreet.B.OnSouthStreet.C.OnMarket.

聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。

17.WhathappenedtoDollyPartoninschool?

A.ShemovedtoNashville.

B.Herfatherpaidtheteacherwithabagofcom.

C.HerclassmatespreventedherfromperforminginaTVshow.

18.WhatwasDollyParton*sfirstjob?

A.Singing.B.Startingabusiness.C.Writingsongs.

19.WhatmakesDollyPartoneasytorecognize?

A.Herhair.B.Hervoice.C.Herclothing.

20.Whatdoesthespeakerwantthelistenerstodowiththisinformation?

ATakenotesforatest.

B.Beencouragedtofindoutmore.

C.Memorizethedetails.

第二局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2.5分，總分值37.5分）

閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。

A

TheBestFreeTouristPlacesinAmerica

Alaska:AnchorageMarketandFestival

AlthoughAnchorageisn'tthecapitalofAlaska,itisthestate'slargestcitywiththelargestpopulation.The

AnchorageMarketandFestivalisopenandfreeofchargeonweekends.AnchorageisatthebeginningoftheTony

KnowlesCoastalTrail,wherewalkscanlastbetweentwohoursandahalfday.

Ifsfree,ofcourse.

Arkansas:WalmartMuseum

LyinginthenorthwestcomerofArkansasisBentonville,whichgavebirthtoalittlemallyoumayhaveheardof.

It'sWalmart,oneofthebiggestcompaniesintheworldatpresent.ItisfreetovisittheWalmartMuseum,which

attractsthousandsofvisitorseveryyear.Andjustoutsidethetownisthewell-knownCrystalBridgesMuseumof

AmericanArt,whichisalsofree.

Connecticut:YaleUniversity

NewHaven,ConnecticutwasthefirstplaceintheU.S.toofferpizzatothehungryandthehomeless,including

studentsofYaleUniversity.WhileinNewHavenyoucangoonatourofthecampus（校園）,wheremanybeautiful

buildingshaveexistedforalongtime.IfstheuniversitywherePresidentBushes,BillandHillaryClinton,journalist

BobWoodward,andSamuelF.B.Morsestudied.

Kansas:SantaFeTrail

WesternKansashasverylittlelightpollution.Soasyoutravelalong,stoponceinawhileandstareatthenight

sky.TheSantaFeTrailwentthroughKansasandyoucanstillwalkthelongestremainingdistanceofthereadjust

outsideDodgeCity.

1.WhatmayespeciallyattractvisitorstoBentonville?

A.Thechancetofindmanyinterestinggoods.

B.Thechancetogettrainedinalargecompany.

C.ThechancetogetsomethingfreeinWalmart.

D.ThechancetogetagoodknowledgeofWalmart.

2WhatcanpeopledoinNewHaven?

A.MakepizzawithstudentsofYale.

B.Appreciateoldbuildings.

C.Meetfamouspeople.

D.Attendsomefreeclasses.

3.Whichplaceismoreattractivetothosewhoenjoythepeacefulnightsky?

A.Kansas.B.Bentonville.C.Anchorage.D.NewHaven.

【答案】LD2.B3.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)最好的免費(fèi)旅游勝地的根本情況。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Arkansas:WalmartMuseum局部的“ItisfreetovisittheWalmartMuseum,whichattracts

thousandsofvisitorseveryyear.（沃爾瑪博物館是免費(fèi)參觀的，每年都會(huì)吸引成千上萬(wàn)的游客。）〃可知，了

解沃爾瑪?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)可能會(huì)特別吸引游客到Bentonvilleo應(yīng)選D。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Connecticut:YaleUniversity局部“WhileinNewHavenyoucangoonatourofthecampus

（校園）,wheremanybeautifulbuildingshaveexistedforalongtime.（而在紐黑文，你可以去參觀校園，那里有

許多美麗的建筑已經(jīng)存在了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。）〃可知，在NewHaven你可以欣賞古老的建筑。應(yīng)選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kansas:SantaFeTrail局部的“WesternKansashasverylittlelightpollution.Soasyoutravel

along,stoponceinawhileandstareatthenightsky.（堪薩斯州西部幾乎沒有光污染。所以當(dāng)你旅行的時(shí)候，

偶爾停下來(lái)看看夜空〃可知，Kansas對(duì)于那些喜歡寧?kù)o夜空的人來(lái)說(shuō)，更有吸引力。應(yīng)選A。

B

"Runners,onyourmark.Getset...”Bang!AndIwasoff,alongwithotherteenagerunnersfromhighschools

acrossthecountry.Itwasafineday,likeanyotherfair-weatherautumndayinMaryland.Buttheracethatdayfelt

uniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,Ilikethecourse.Itwasmyteam'shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunning

duringpractices.Ittookrunnersalongterrain（地形）thatincludedopenfields,hillsandevendirtpathsthrougha

smallforest.Itwasabeautiful5-kilometercourse.Thisparticularracewasourteam'sinvite,andIwasproudtobe

sharingthecoursewithcompetitorsfromotherschools.Italsomeantalotmorethannormal-thatmyparentswereto

cheermeon.

Withsomuchtoexpectthatday,Iwasreadytorun!AndIdidn'twanttobestuckwithotherrunners,asis

typicalatthebeginningofmostcross-countryraces.Sowhenthegunsounded,Itookoffrunning,leavingeveryone

elseinthedust.

Thefirstofourcoursefollowedalargeopenfieldbeforedisappearingintotheforest.Withinsecondsofthestart,

Iwasfaraheadofeveryone,andallofthefanscouldseeit.Itfeltmagnificent!

Butthatfeelingdidn'tlastlong.LittledidIknowmycoachwaslaughingtohimself,thinking,“Gabeisdone

for!〃AndIwas.Mybodywastellingmetoslowdown.Mypride,however,said“No!Notuntilyou'reoutofthe

audiences!z，Iwasinpain,butIkeptupmypaceuntilIreachedtheforest.OnceIwasamongthetrees,Islowedmy

waydown.

Ienjoyedmostraces,evenwhilepushingmyself,butthisonewasnotenjoyableintheleast.Ifinishedtherace,

butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpacedmyseifwellfromthebeginning.EverytimeIreflectonthat

cross-countryseason,Tmremindedofsomething:Prideisnosubstituteforpace.

4.WhatmadetheraceuniquetotheauthoraccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Theblueskyandwhiteclouds.B.Thecompetitorsandaudiences.

C.Thehomecourseandhisparents.D.Theunknownterrainandfairweather.

5.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwasgoingtofailtherace.

B.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwouldprobablybeprized.

C.Thecoachthoughttheauthorwasdoingagreatjob.

D.Thecoachthoughttheauthorneededtopaceup.

6.Whydidn'ttheauthorenjoytherace?

A.Becauseheslowedhiswaydown.

B.Becausehedidn'tfinishedtherace.

C.Becausehelostthegamecompletely.

D.Becausehecouldhavedonebetter.

7Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheRaceLessPacedB.TheMeaningofPride

C.ARaceworthCelebratingD.ACompetitionofMyTeam

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了本來(lái)自信滿滿的作者在自己的主場(chǎng)因賽跑節(jié)奏控制的不好而敗北。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四五六句"Buttheracethatdayfeltuniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,IHkethe

course.Itwasmyteam'shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunningduringpractices.（但那天的比賽從——開始就感

覺與眾不同。一方面，我喜歡這個(gè)比賽。這是我的隊(duì)的主方賽場(chǎng)，一個(gè)我在訓(xùn)練中已經(jīng)跑習(xí)慣了的場(chǎng)地。）〃

和最后一句"Italsomeantalotmorethannormal-thatmyparentsweretocheermeon.（這也比平常更有意義

—我的父母來(lái)給我加油。）〃可知，這次比賽對(duì)作者獨(dú)特的原因是兩個(gè)：他的主場(chǎng)，父母的加油。應(yīng)選C

項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句"LittledidIknowmycoachwaslaughingtohimself,thinking,t4Gabeisdone

for!〃（我根本不知道我的教練在暗自苦笑，心想：“蓋比完蛋了！〃）〃可知，教練認(rèn)為作者會(huì)在比賽中失敗。

應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句"Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpaced

myselfwellfromthebeginning.（我完成了比賽，但如果我從一開始就控制好自己的節(jié)奏，時(shí)間快結(jié)束時(shí),我

沒一定會(huì)在哪。）〃可知，作者不喜歡這場(chǎng)比賽的原因是他遺憾沒能做的更好。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一二句"Ienjoyedmostraces,evenwhilepushingmyself,butthisonewasnot

enjoyableintheleast.Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI'dpacedmyselfwellfrom

thebeginning、即使是在逼迫自己的時(shí)候，我也喜歡大多數(shù)比賽，但這次比賽一點(diǎn)也不享受。我完成了比賽，

但如果我從一開始就控制好自己的節(jié)奏，時(shí)間快結(jié)束時(shí)，我沒一定會(huì)在哪。）〃可知本文講的是本來(lái)自信滿

滿的作者因?yàn)闆]有控制好賽跑節(jié)奏而敗北。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

C

PreparingCitiesforRobotCars

Thepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist^dream,yearsawayfrommaterializing

intherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangiving

permitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayfor

companiestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,it

shouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.

It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnology

hasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthe

transformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,

policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（排放）

andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesure

thatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy-orevenworsen-thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremost

adultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighways

becausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheir

driverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Instead

ofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenience

evenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundin

ride-hailing（叫車）services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecars

worldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%and

cutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure（根底設(shè)施）andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheaper

travelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedby

ride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（責(zé)任

與維護(hù)問(wèn)題）.Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortable

withthetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn't

extendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnological

advancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,

andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

8.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

9.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Safety.B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.D.Management.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fielded"inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Employed.B.Replaced.

C.Shared.D.Reduced.

11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.

【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B

【解析】

【分析】本文為議論文。文章主要討論有關(guān)無(wú)人駕駛汽車的開展前景和面臨的問(wèn)題。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（and

rightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cut

emissions（排放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.可知，政策制定者應(yīng)該討論無(wú)人駕駛車

怎么幫助削減交通阻塞，減少尾氣排放，提供更方便、更廉價(jià)的出行選擇，由此可見人們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注無(wú)人

駕駛車怎么幫助處理與交通有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。應(yīng)選A。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeour

transportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.可知,

不管花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)都有可能改變我們的交通系統(tǒng)和我們的城市，不管是好是壞，這取決于如何這

種轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)绾伪粯?biāo)準(zhǔn)，再根據(jù)文章最后一句話Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.可知，我

們需要為其做好方案，故作者的主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)是對(duì)這種轉(zhuǎn)變的管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)選D。

【10題詳解】

詞義猜想題。根據(jù)第四段Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedby

ride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（責(zé)任

與維護(hù)問(wèn)題）,可知，鑒于自主駕駛的費(fèi)用以及責(zé)任和維護(hù)問(wèn)題，無(wú)人駕駛車幾乎可以肯定將會(huì)被打車效勞使

用。故劃線詞是“被應(yīng)用"的意思。A.Employed被應(yīng)用；B.Replaced被取代；C.Shared被分享；D.Reduced

被減少。應(yīng)選A。

【11題詳解】

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatesto

developtransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.

Wejusthavetoplanforit.中的advancement,movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.以及planforit可推知，

作者是積極的態(tài)度。應(yīng)選B。

點(diǎn)睛：根據(jù)用詞風(fēng)格，推斷情感態(tài)度.一篇好的文章，其用詞風(fēng)格常常直接流露或蘊(yùn)含作者的內(nèi)心世界和

情感態(tài)度。所以閱讀時(shí)要善于捕捉表達(dá)或暗示情感態(tài)度的詞句或短語(yǔ)，捕捉那些襯托氣氛，渲染情感的詞

句，進(jìn)而很好地洞察作者的思想傾向，是支持、反對(duì)抑或中立？對(duì)于選項(xiàng)而言，要分清選項(xiàng)中的褒義詞、

中性詞和貶義詞，以此對(duì)照全文。

如此題最后一題為觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題，根據(jù)文中reducecarbonemissions,cutthecostoftransportation

infrastructure（根底設(shè)施）andoperations40%,appealing,comfortable,advancement,movemorepeople,andmore

affordably.,等詞匯可以推斷出作者對(duì)無(wú)人駕駛汽車持積極態(tài)度。應(yīng)選B。

D

AmericanandCanadianoceanscientistsaretakinganunexpectedopportunitypresentedbythecoronavirus

pandemic.TheyaretryingtodiscoverwhetherPacificNorthwestwhalesbenefitfromthedropinboattrafficand

underwaternoise.

Stay-homelawshavegreatlyreducedentertainingboattripsandferrycrossingsthisspring.Commercialwhale

watchingtoursremainonhold.Largeshipscarryinggoodscontinuetocomeandgolessoften.Noiseandboat

disturbanceareconsideredmainreasonsforthedecreaseoftheNorthwesfsendangeredkillerwhalesbesides

reducingfoodsupplyandpollution.

“Fromakillerwhale'spointofview,nothavingfastmovingboatsaroundmightbequitebeneficial,“said

oceanographerScottVeirsofSeattle,whoisinchargeofanunderwatermicrophonenetworkcalledOreasound.

However,thedecreaseinseatrafficbythecoronaviruspandemicmaybeshort-lived,meaningarchershaveto

actfasttodocumentifthequieterseasmakehappier,healthierwhales.

“Wearealltryingtoremainready/'Veirssaid.uIfthepandemiccontinuestoaffectboattrafficfbrthenext

coupleofmonths,we'llhaveaveryrareactivitywhennoiselevelsarereduced.Ihopethathappens,opportunityto

observekillerwhaleactivitywhennoiselevelsarereduced.Ihopethathappens.”

ThepopulationofkillerwhalesinthewateroftheU.S.PacificNorthwestandsouthwesternBritishColumbia

hasreducedtoaround73.Theyusesoundtohunt,locateandcommunicate,butnoisefromboatenginescanaffectthe

soundwavestheymakeforecholocation（同聲定位）.OtherlargerwhalesthatliveNorthwestwaterscommunicate

overlongerdistancesinafrequencyband（波段）thatisalmostthesamewiththelowfrequencynoisemadebylarge

containerships.

Veirsbelievesifwecontinuetonothaveanycommercialwhalewatchingandlimitourentertainingboating,the

killerwhaleswouldcertainlyexperiencelessofnoisedisturbancefromtheboats.

12.Whatdokillerwhalesbenefitfromthecoronaviruspandemic?

A.Reducednoiseandboatdisturbance.

B.Morewhalewatchingtourists.

C.Stricterlawsonoceanpollution.

D.Increasedfoodsupply.

13WhatistheconcernofScottVeirs?

A.Theecholocationfunctionofwhalesisdamaged.

B.Theoceantrafficmayincreasebeforelong.

C.Thefrequencybandwhalesuseissimilartoboats.

D.Thepopulationofkillerwhalesdropstooquickly.

14.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?

A.Thepopulationofkillerwhales.

B.Whynoisefromboatsaffectsthelifeofwhales.

C.Howkillerwhalesusesoundwaves.

D.Thefrequencybandkillerwhalesuse.

15.Wheredoesthepassagecomefrom?

A.Atraveldiary.B.Abrochure.

C.Sciencefiction.D.Asciencereport.

【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，冠狀病毒流行病導(dǎo)致游船和渡輪活動(dòng)減少，

水下噪音減低，這對(duì)鯨魚的生存環(huán)境有益。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容"Stay-homelawshavegreatlyreducedentertainingboattripsandferrycrossingsthis

spring.Commercialwhalewatchingtoursremainonhold.Largeshipscarryinggoodscontinuetocomeandgoless

often.NoiseandboatdisturbanceareconsideredmainreasonsforthedecreaseoftheNorthwest'sendangeredkiller

whalesbesidesreducingfoodsupplyandpollution."（今年春天，居家的法律大大減少了游船和渡輪的娛樂活

動(dòng)。商業(yè)觀鯨旅游仍被擱置。運(yùn)載貨物的大型船只繼續(xù)減少往來(lái)。除了減少食物供給和污染外，噪音和船

只干擾被認(rèn)為是西北部瀕危虎鯨數(shù)量減少的主要原因。）可知，因?yàn)楣跔畈《玖餍胁。瑖?guó)家公布了居家的法

律，減少了游船和渡輪的娛樂活動(dòng)，進(jìn)而減少了噪音和船只干擾，而噪音和船只干擾是導(dǎo)致虎鯨數(shù)量減少

的主要原因，由此可知，虎鯨從冠狀病毒流行病中受益，因?yàn)楣跔畈《玖餍胁p少了噪音和船只干擾。應(yīng)

選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“However,thedecreaseinseatrafficbythecoronaviruspandemicmaybeshort-lived,

meaningarchershavetoactfasttodocumentifthequieterseasmakehappier,healthierwhales."（然而，冠狀病

毒流行病導(dǎo)致的海上交通量減少可能是短暫的，這意味著研究者必須迅速行動(dòng)，記錄更平靜的海洋是否會(huì)

讓鯨魚更快樂、更健康。）可知，ScottVeirs認(rèn)為冠狀病毒流行病導(dǎo)致的海上交通量減少可能是短暫的，由

此可推斷出，ScottVeirs擔(dān)憂不久以后，海上交通可能會(huì)增加。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段關(guān)鍵句"Theyusesoundtohunt,locateandcommunicate,butnoisefromboatenginescan

affectthesoundwavestheymakeforecholocation（同聲定位）.OtherlargerwhalesthatliveNorthwestwaters

communicateoverlongerdistancesinafrequencyband（波段）thatisalmostthesamewiththelowfrequencynoise

madebylargecontainerships//（它們利用聲音進(jìn)行搜尋、定位和通信，但船引擎發(fā)出的噪音會(huì)影響它們?yōu)?/p>

同聲定位而產(chǎn)生的聲波。生活在西北水域的其他大型鯨魚在一個(gè)頻帶內(nèi)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)距離通信，該頻帶與大型集

裝箱船發(fā)出的低頻噪聲幾乎相同。）可知，本段內(nèi)容主要介紹了為什么船上的噪音會(huì)影響鯨魚的生活，因?yàn)?/p>

鯨魚利用聲音進(jìn)行搜尋、定位和通信，但船引擎發(fā)出的噪音會(huì)影響它們?yōu)橥暥ㄎ欢a(chǎn)生的聲波，由此可

知，第六段內(nèi)容主要介紹了為什么船上的噪音會(huì)影響鯨魚的生活。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。

35題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容"AmericanandCanadianoceanscientistsaretakinganunexpected

opportunitypresentedbythecoronaviruspandemic.TheyaretryingtodiscoverwhetherPacificNorthwestwhales

benefitfromthedropinboattrafficandunderwaternoise."（美國(guó)和加拿大海洋科學(xué)家正在利用冠狀病毒流行

病帶來(lái)的意外時(shí)機(jī)。他們正試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)太平洋西北部的鯨魚是否受益于船運(yùn)的減少和水下噪音的下降。）可知，

本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，冠狀病毒流行病導(dǎo)致游船和渡輪活動(dòng)減少，水下噪音減低，這對(duì)鯨魚

的生存環(huán)境有益，由此可知，這篇文章應(yīng)該出自一份科學(xué)報(bào)告。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2.5分，總分值12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

ThefirstWorldFriendshipDaywasproposedforJuly30,1958bytheWorldFriendshipCrusade,an

internationalcivilorganizationtofosteracultureofpeacethroughfriendship.16JustasintheUSandseveral

othercountries,thefestivalhasbeengreatlycommercialized（商業(yè)化）.

Daysbeforethefestival,cardandgiftcompanieslaunchalargecampaign（活動(dòng)）toattractpeopleintobuying

cardsandgiftsfortheirfriends.Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyoungpeople.

17Thismarketingstrategy（策略）hasbeenseverelycriticized（批判）bymanypeople.Manyfeelthatsuch

crazycommercializationhasdamagedthemeaningofFriendshipDay.

18especiallythepinkandyellowones.Thedayisobservedwithgreatpleasureandmerry.Ahighly

popularthingconnectedwiththedayisthewell-knownfriendshipband——themoderndaysymboloffriendshipthat

friendsgivetooneanothertoformaneverlastingbond.Friendshipbandsarethefavoriteitemsforyoungstersand

availableinstoresalloverthecountry.FriendshippoemsandFriendshipDaygiftsareexchangedbetweenbest

friendstorenewthebondoffriendshipandexpressgratitudeandloveforeachother.19

Sinceitsbeginningin1935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecomealongway.20FriendshipDay

remainsthetimewhenyouacknowledgeyourfriends,contributioninyourlife,expressloveforthem,cherishtheir

presenceinyourlifeandpaythemasalute.Today,FriendshipDayisbeingcelebratedaroundtheglobe,across

diverseculturesandsocialperiods.

A.ThepopularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingoverroses,

B.TheideaofhonoringfriendshipwasadoptedbyafewcountriesinAsia.

C.Restaurantsofferspecialdiscountstomakethemostofthetimeaswell.

D.Thesedays,however,itiscelebratedwithalotofshowingoffandexpenses.

E.Thesearenewwaysofcelebrationofthisdaythathavegrowninpopularity.

F.TheoriginalideaforadayoffriendshipcamefromHallmarkcardsinthe1930s.

G.Buthowevermuchthewaysofcelebrationhavechanged,thebasicideabehindtheoccasionremainsthesame.

【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.E20.G

【解析】

【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。今天，世界各地不同文化和社會(huì)時(shí)期的人們都在慶祝友誼日。文章介紹了的世界

友誼日的來(lái)歷及開展。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文JustasintheUSandseveralothercountries,thefestivalhasbeengreatlycommercialized（商業(yè)化）.（就

像在美國(guó)和其他幾個(gè)國(guó)家一樣，這個(gè)節(jié)日已經(jīng)被極大地商業(yè)化了）可知，現(xiàn)在世界友誼日被極大地商業(yè)化

了。由此可知，DThesedays,however,itiscelebratedwithalotofshowingoffandexpenses.（然而，如今人

們用大量排場(chǎng)和花費(fèi)來(lái)慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日）符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選D。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyoungpeople.（街道和商店里到處都是

針對(duì)年輕人的廣告節(jié)目）可知，此處列舉各種營(yíng)銷策略。由此可知，C項(xiàng)Restaurantsofferspecialdiscountsto

makethemostofthetimeaswell.〔餐館也提供特別的折扣來(lái)讓年輕充分利用時(shí)間來(lái)消費(fèi)）符合語(yǔ)境。aswell

“也”是解題的關(guān)鍵。應(yīng)選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文especiallythepinkandyellowones（尤其是粉紅色和黃色的）以及此處是半句，選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)不

是完整句子，可以補(bǔ)全這個(gè)句子。由此可知，A項(xiàng)ThepopularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingover

roses,（友誼日的流行習(xí)俗包括送玫瑰）符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Friendshipbandsarethefavoriteitemsforyoungstersandavailableinstoresalloverthecountry.

FriendshippoemsandFriendshipDaygiftsareexchangedbetweenbestfriendstorenewthebondoffriendshipand

expressgratitudeandloveforeachother.（友誼帶是年輕人的最愛，在全國(guó)各地的商店都能買到。友誼詩(shī)和友

誼節(jié)禮物是最好的朋友之間交換，以更新友誼的紐帶，表達(dá)感謝和愛對(duì)方）可知，此處在介紹一些慶祝友

誼日的新方式。由此可知,E項(xiàng)Thesearenewwaysofcelebrationofthisdaythathavegrowninpopularity.（這

些都是慶祝這一天的新方式，而且越來(lái)越受歡送）符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Sinceitsbeginningin1935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecomealongway.（從1935年開始，友誼

日的慶?；顒?dòng)已經(jīng)走過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)的路）及下文FriendshipDayremainsthetimewhenyouacknowledgeyourfriends,

contributioninyourlife,expressloveforthem,cherishtheirpresenceinyourlifeandpaythemasalute.（在友誼日，

你要感謝朋友對(duì)你生活的奉獻(xiàn)，表達(dá)你對(duì)他們的愛，珍惜他們?cè)谀闵钪械拇嬖?，向他們敬禮）可知，G

項(xiàng)Buthowevermuchthewaysofcelebrationhavechanged,thebasicideabehindtheoccasionremainsthesame.

（但是，不管慶祝的方式發(fā)生了多大的變化，這個(gè)節(jié)日背后的根本思想是不變的）符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選G。

【點(diǎn)睛】七選五題型主要考查上下文的理解與推斷，雖然文章整體難度一般低于閱讀理解，但是卻給很多

同學(xué)造成了很大的心理障礙。七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選五個(gè)，比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選一個(gè)，感覺干擾性更大，很大同學(xué)在做

這個(gè)題目時(shí)，總有一種眼花繚亂、心煩氣躁的感覺，致使往往正確率不高。在這里提醒同學(xué)們，首先要克

服心理障礙，同時(shí)要注意方式方法。其次，注意設(shè)空前后的句子，因?yàn)檫@些句子之間是順承和聯(lián)系的，所

有一定要聯(lián)系和理解上下文的語(yǔ)境。例如第3小題，根據(jù)下文especiallythepinkandyellowones（尤其是粉

紅色和黃色的〕以及此處是半句，選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)不是完整句子，可以補(bǔ)全這個(gè)句子。由此可知，A項(xiàng)The

popularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingoverroses,（友誼日的流行習(xí)俗包括送玫瑰）符合文意。應(yīng)

選Ao

第三局部英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正

確選項(xiàng)。

Inalmosteveryphotofromour1986familyvacationtoWashingtonD.C.,