人教版（2019）選擇性必修四Unit 4 Sharing詞匯素材

Unit4Sharing一、詞匯派生1.adjustvi.&vt.調(diào)整;(使)適合→adjustmentn.調(diào)整;適合→adjustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的

2.imaginevi&vt.想象→imaginationn.想象;想象力→imaginativeadj.有想象力的→imaginaryadj.想象中的

3.adaptv.適應(yīng);改編→adaptationn.適應(yīng);改編4.donatevt.捐贈(zèng)→donationn.捐贈(zèng)5.voluntaryadj.自愿的;志愿的;無(wú)償?shù)摹鷙olunteern.志愿者v.自愿做6.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的→stabilityn.穩(wěn)定性

7.commitv.犯罪;把……交托給;使……承擔(dān)義務(wù)→committedadj.堅(jiān)定的;承擔(dān)義務(wù)的→commitmentn.承諾;許諾;保證

8.disabledadj.殘疾的→enablevt.使……能夠→disablev.使……殘疾或癱瘓→ableadj.有能力的

9.secondnum.第二n.第二名；第二類→secondaryadj.中學(xué)的；次要的10.dustn.沙土；灰塵vi.&vt.擦灰→dustyadj.布滿灰塵的11.chemistn.化學(xué)家；藥劑師；藥房→chemistryn.化學(xué)12.housen.住宅，房子vt.給……提供住房→housingn.住房；住宅13.ripeadj.成熟的；時(shí)機(jī)成熟的→ripenvt.&vi.成熟，使成熟二、一詞多義1.parceln.包裹vt.裹好；打包；分成若干部分①I(mǎi)amgoingtotaketheparceltothepostofficethisafternoon.(n.包裹)②Thesalesclerkparceledthecustomer's

purchases.(vt.打包)③Theyparceledoutthelandintosmallplots.(vt.分成若干部分)2.mailn.郵件；信件；郵政vt.郵寄；發(fā)電郵給①Don'tforgettomailyourmothertheletter.(vt.郵寄)②Pleaseforwardmymailtome.(n.郵件；信件)③Ifwewanttosendsomethingtoanotherdepartment，weusethemailsystem.(n.郵政)3.shadevt.給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗

n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分①Thesetreesaffordapleasantshade.(n.陰涼處)②Thisartistuseslightandshadetogoodeffect.(n.陰影部分)③Abighatshadestheeyes.(vt.給……遮擋(光線)4.wrinklevt.&vi.[(使臉上)起皺紋；皺起n.皺紋]①Theoldman'sfaceiscoveredwithwrinkles.(n.皺紋)②Shewrinkledhernoseatthesmell.(vt.皺起)③Theskinonhercheeksandaroundhereyeswasbeginningtowrinkle.[vi.(臉上)起皺紋]

三、知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1.mailn.郵件；信件；郵政vt.郵寄；發(fā)電郵給I'vejustcomeouttomailsomeletters.我剛出來(lái)要寄幾封信。Imailedhimaletteryesterday.昨天我給他郵去一封信。[造句]在意大利寄一封信要多少錢(qián)？HowmuchdoesitcosttomailaletterinItaly?

[知識(shí)拓展](1)mailsb.sth.＝mailsth.tosb.給某人郵寄某物mailout郵寄出去(2)bymail以郵寄方式①Theshop

mailedthebookto

me.②Theschoolsaiditwould

mailout

acceptancelettersonTuesday.2.chorusn.合唱曲；合唱團(tuán)vt.合唱；齊聲說(shuō)NeverbeforehaveIheardthissongsunginchorus.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)過(guò)這首歌的合唱。ThepapersallchorusedthepraisesofthePresident.各報(bào)都異口同聲地對(duì)總統(tǒng)表示贊揚(yáng)。[造句]觀眾齊聲對(duì)他報(bào)以一陣熱烈的掌聲。Hewasmetwithachorusofapplausefromtheaudience.[知識(shí)拓展]achorusof...齊聲；異口同聲inchorus異口同聲“Hello，”theyshouted

inchorus.Theprofessor'sspeechwaswelcomedwith

achorusof

praise.3.nottomention更不用說(shuō)；且不說(shuō)Oldfolkandchildrenalikeareallagainsttheproposal，nottomentiontheyouth.老人、小孩都不贊成這個(gè)建議，更不用說(shuō)年輕人了。Adeishandsomeandsmart，nottomentionbeingagoodathlete.艾德不但是個(gè)好運(yùn)動(dòng)員，而且既瀟灑又精明。[造句]他們有三只狗要照顧，更別提那只貓和鳥(niǎo)了。

Theyhavethreedogstolookafter，nottomentionthecatandthebird.[知識(shí)拓展]asmentionedabove如上所述be(not)worthmentioning(不)值得一提Don'tmentionit.不要客氣，不用謝。Asmentionedabove，thefunctionofthedeviceiswonderful.It'snobigdeal；it'snotevenworth

mentioning.Don'tmentionit.Youshoulddrinksomewaterandgotoliedown.4.shadevt.給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗

n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分Heboughtagreenshade.他買(mǎi)了一個(gè)綠色燈罩。Storethebottleofmedicineintheshade.把這瓶藥放在陰涼處。[造句]我遮住眼睛以避陽(yáng)光。Ishadedmyeyesfromthesun.[知識(shí)拓展](1)intheshade在陰涼處，陰暗處；默默無(wú)聞put...intheshade使黯然失色；使相形見(jiàn)絀ashadeof少許，微微(2)shadefrom遮擋住

①We

werecompletelyshadedfrom

thesunbythepoplartrees.②Wesatdown

intheshadeof

thewall.③Ashadeof

doubtinhervoicemademeafraid.5.wrinklevt.&vi.(使臉上)起皺紋；皺起n.皺紋Don'twrinklethecarpet.別弄皺地毯。Herskinwasstillwithoutawrinkle.她的皮膚仍然沒(méi)有皺紋。[造句]她的眼睛周圍開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)細(xì)細(xì)的皺紋。Finewrinklesstartedtoappeararoundhereyes.[知識(shí)拓展](1)wrinkle(up)one'sforehead皺起額頭wrinklewithage

老得皮膚皺起(2)wrinklesinone'sface臉上的皺紋withoutwrinkles/awrinkle沒(méi)有皺紋(3)wrinkledadj.有皺紋的Hisface

waswrinkledwith

age.②Alittleoldwomanwith

awrinkledface

asbrownasaberrytoldusourfortunesfortenpence.③Inaddition，sleephasbeenshownto

reducewrinklesintheface

andneck.[小片段填空]Ifsomeitemsare

wrinkled，hangtheminthebathroomwhileyoutakeashower.Steamthe

wrinkles.

6.ripeadj.成熟的；時(shí)機(jī)成熟的Someoftheappleswerenotquiteripe.一些蘋(píng)果不太熟。Thetimewasripetotalkaboutpeace.和談的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟。[造句]解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟。Theproblemisripeforsettlement.[知識(shí)拓展](1)beripefor……的時(shí)機(jī)成熟；準(zhǔn)備就緒；即可……；適于……(2)ripenvt.&vi.成熟，使成熟①I(mǎi)'mwaitingfortheapplesto

ripen.②Oftenyoudonotnoticethatthetime

isnotyetripefor

it.7.dragvt.拖；拽vt.&vi.緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)Theydraggedthefallentreeclearoftheroad.他們把倒下的樹(shù)從路上拖走。Hedraggedbehindtheothers.他在別人后面慢吞吞地走著。[造句]我每天都不得不迫使自己從床上爬起來(lái)。Ihavetodragmyselfoutofbedeachday.[知識(shí)拓展]dragin把……拉進(jìn)來(lái)；硬把(某人)拉進(jìn)(某事)dragon

拖延；使拖延；拖長(zhǎng)(聲調(diào)、字眼等)dragoneselfalong

(慢吞吞地)拖著腳走dragup

拉上，拔出；故意提起(不愉快的往事)①Therewasnoneedto

dragup

thetimehespentinprison.②Thechildrenaresobusyplayingthattheydon'twanttheirdinner；you'llhaveto

dragthemin.③Themeeting

draggedon

formorethantwohours.四、重點(diǎn)句式1.before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句[教材原句P38]TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboysachemistryexperimentwhen，beforeIknewit，themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttubespillingeverywhere!幾天前，我正給孩子們做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的演示，我還沒(méi)有明白怎么回事，混合劑就從試管里冒了出來(lái)，濺得到處都是！[句式分析]句中before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“沒(méi)來(lái)得及”。另外before除了其基本意思“在……之前”以外，還可以表示“(……之后)才；以免；免得”之意。Itwillbesometimebeforeweknowthefullresults.還要過(guò)一些時(shí)間我們才能知道全部結(jié)果。ThemagazinewassnatchedfrommyhandbeforeIcouldreadit.我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及看那期雜志，它就被從我手里搶走了。[造句]我每天睡覺(jué)前鍛煉。EverydayIexercisebeforeIgotosleep.[知識(shí)拓展](1)“Itwas＋時(shí)間段＋before...”表示“過(guò)了多久才……”。從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(2)“Itwasnotlongbefore...”意為“不久就……”。從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(3)“Itwillnotbelongbefore...”表示“不久就會(huì)……”。從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(4)“Itwillbe＋時(shí)間段＋before...”表示“要過(guò)多久才……”。從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。①I(mǎi)fyoumissthischance，itwillbeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.如果你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì)，可能需要很多年你才能再獲得一次。②Itwon'tbelongbeforewegetusedtothenewschoollife.不久我們就會(huì)習(xí)慣新的學(xué)校生活。③Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback.過(guò)了三天他才回來(lái)。④Itwasalongtimebeforesherecoveredfromtheoperation.很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后她才從手術(shù)中康復(fù)。

2.doubtwhether...懷疑；不相信[教材原句P38]Tobehonest，IdoubtwhetherI'mmakinganydifferencetotheseboys'livesatall.說(shuō)實(shí)在的，我真的不知道我教的課是否會(huì)對(duì)這些孩子的生活有所影響。[句式分析]句中doubt用作動(dòng)詞，意為“懷疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的從句由whether/if引導(dǎo)。Everythingisclearnow，noonewoulddoubtwhatwillbedone.一切都很清楚，沒(méi)有人對(duì)所要做的事懷疑。Wedon'tdoubtthathecandoa