2024年全國教師招聘之小學(xué)教師招聘考試經(jīng)典測(cè)試題詳細(xì)參考解析

姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 密封線 全國教師招聘考試重點(diǎn)試題精編注意事項(xiàng):1.全卷采用機(jī)器閱卷，請(qǐng)考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請(qǐng)將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在答題卡上與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。一、選擇題

1、乎昌送何東白詩序湯顯祖何翁曉，江山人。壯拳勇，任俠，常手殺劫賤數(shù)人：以他故為鄉(xiāng)官所侮，憤恨去，道逢奇客，口授禁方。曉不甚識(shí)字，重聽，而視脈傅藥輒效。乃更為縣上客，褒衣危冠，侍藥平昌。與予朝夕者五年，成美規(guī)闕。都無一語及私。敦然長者也。予聽獄，或笞囚過當(dāng)，輒意授曉視之，無恙，而后即安。民或斗毆．相殺傷，赴庭下，輒先付曉謹(jǐn)護(hù)之．而徐聽其訟。亭中有系人，常與錢曉，貸其藥。以故五年中，縣無斗傷笞系而死者?？h中人莫知也。縣無城，嘗夜半虎傷童子，急呼予。予起燎逐虎。召曉，取巨勝膏漬墻茨中蠕蟲雜藥，灌童子愈。時(shí)有“十全”之名。予問之，日：“曉何能盡?然不全者不治耳?！睌?shù)語予：“公廉而倨，寬而疏，某富人、某勢(shì)人當(dāng)為亂?！币讯?。曉常用為介介，嘆日：“縣人何薄福相耶!”曉初無子，故不治生產(chǎn)，歲焚藥券者過半。晚生子數(shù)歲，思?xì)w江山。而予亦且上戊戌計(jì)去，不能留也。一縣中聞曉去，無不遮泣，愿少留者。至吏卒囚伍，成為愴然。予悲而餞以詩。曉后一過予家，老矣，猶從使琉球，治其王子?jì)D女，應(yīng)手效，國人神之。得其海藥以歸，市之吳，吳中士大夫多授其方焉。下列各組句子中，畫線字的意義和用法完全相同的一項(xiàng)是（??）。A.以他故為鄉(xiāng)官所侮／趙王竊聞秦王善為秦聲B.曉不甚識(shí)字，重聽，而視脈傅藥輒效／有如此之勢(shì)，而為秦人積威之所劫C.治其王子?jì)D女／其孰能譏之乎D.得其海藥以歸／請(qǐng)以秦之咸陽為趙王壽

2、通過求診者的觀察和模仿來矯正其不良行為與神經(jīng)癥反應(yīng)的方法是（）。A.行為塑造法B.自我控制法C.強(qiáng)化法D.示范法

3、（）是學(xué)習(xí)美術(shù)的基本動(dòng)力之一。A.想象B.愛好C.態(tài)度D.興趣

4、若圓C的半徑為1，圓心在第一象限，且與直線4x－3y＝0和x軸都相切，則該圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程是（）。A.（x－3）2＋（y－）2＝1B.（x－2）2＋（y－1）2＝1C.（x－1）2＋（y－3）2＝1D.2＋（y－1）2＝1

5、追求成功者傾向于選擇成功概率為（）的任務(wù)。A.25%B.50%C.75%D.100%

6、閱讀下面的文字，完成后面題。去年3月15日，美國食品和藥品管理局(FDA)接到一家名為“菜單”的寵物食品制造公司發(fā)來的一封信。信中稱，有l(wèi)4只寵物吃了他們公司的產(chǎn)品后突然死亡。該公司負(fù)責(zé)給許多知名品牌生產(chǎn)寵物食品，事發(fā)后立即主動(dòng)召回了大約l00種牌子的相關(guān)產(chǎn)品，并要求FDA幫助調(diào)查真相。分析了1.4萬個(gè)案例后，F(xiàn)DA得出結(jié)論：大部分寵物得的都是急性腎病。與此同時(shí)，F(xiàn)DA派出科學(xué)家進(jìn)駐寵物食品加工廠，提取樣本化驗(yàn)，最終把目標(biāo)鎖定在三聚氰胺身上。FDA分析了210種寵物食品，其中130種食品含有三聚氰胺。三聚氰胺別名”蜜胺”，屬化工原料。美國禁止食品工業(yè)使用三聚氰胺，無論是拿它當(dāng)作寵物食品添加劑還是作為化肥，都是違法的。既然如此，三聚氰胺是怎么混進(jìn)寵物食品中的呢化驗(yàn)表明，三聚氰胺來自一種食品添加劑——面筋。面筋是面粉脫去淀粉后剩下的蛋白質(zhì)，不但可以增加食品的蛋白質(zhì)含量，還可以提高其黏度，增強(qiáng)口感。三聚氰胺當(dāng)初之所以被禁，并不是因?yàn)樗旧碛卸?，三聚氰胺的毒性?shí)驗(yàn)表明，過量的三聚氰胺會(huì)在大鼠腎內(nèi)形成結(jié)晶，這種結(jié)晶可以作為種子，讓大鼠產(chǎn)生腎結(jié)石，繼而誘發(fā)癌癥。那么，既然只有長時(shí)間大劑量服用三聚氰胺才會(huì)導(dǎo)致大鼠產(chǎn)生腎結(jié)石，那些寵物到底是怎么死的呢科學(xué)家們繼續(xù)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里尋找那個(gè)神秘的寵物殺手，不久，又一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)上了黑名單，這就是三聚氰酸。這種物質(zhì)通常只有在游泳池里才能找到，它可以減緩起消毒作用的氯氣被陽光分解的速度。同樣，這也是一種被美國法律禁止使用在食品中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸都含有大量的氮元素，能在化驗(yàn)中冒充蛋白質(zhì)，如果在食品和飼料中添加它們，就可以讓劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品蒙混過關(guān)，進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，三聚氰酸只有在大劑量情況下才有致癌，寵物食品中含有的少量三聚氰酸頂多造成寵物的胃部不適，不大可能殺死它們，否則。FDA是不可能允許游泳池使用三聚氰酸的。那么，問題到底出在哪里呢去年5月，加拿大圭爾夫大學(xué)的科學(xué)家發(fā)表了一份研究報(bào)告稱，三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺混在一起會(huì)形成一種晶體，阻礙腎臟的正常生理功能。截至目前，科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀辉趯?duì)這一假說進(jìn)行深入研究。而另一些科學(xué)家則認(rèn)為也許還有某種尚未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和三聚氰酸或者三聚氰胺起了某種化學(xué)反應(yīng)，生成了某種有毒物質(zhì)。根據(jù)本文提供的信息．下列推斷不合理的一項(xiàng)是（）。查看材料A.人如果長時(shí)間大劑量服用三聚氰胺就可能導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生腎結(jié)石，繼而誘發(fā)癌癥。B.三聚氰胺導(dǎo)致寵物死亡的作用機(jī)理，截至目前，科學(xué)家還不能做出明確解釋。C.三聚氰胺含有大量的氮元素，如果合理利用，作為化肥使用，可以提高糧食作物的品質(zhì)。D.三聚氰胺能在化驗(yàn)中冒充蛋白質(zhì)，所以可被黑心商人選作食品或飼料添加劑，以使劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品蒙混過關(guān)。

7、教育心理學(xué)的早期研究主要集中在學(xué)生的（）。A.影響因素問題B.成長環(huán)境問題C.學(xué)習(xí)問題D.教師問題

8、當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)比較簡單時(shí)，要求學(xué)習(xí)效益達(dá)到最佳水平，則合適的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)強(qiáng)度應(yīng)當(dāng)（）。A.很高B.較高C.較低D.以上都不對(duì)

9、Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizea__16__innumber.Humanbeingsarebornwiththisability.__17__,experimentsshowthatmanyanimalsare,too.Forexample,manybirdshavegoodnumbersense.Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnot__18__.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebird__19__leaves.Thismeansthatthebirdknowsthe__20__betweentwoandthree.Anotherinterestingexperimentshowedabird's__21__numbersense.Amanwastryingtotakeaphotoofacrowthathadanestinatower,butthecrowalwaysleftwhenshesawhimcoming.Thebirddidnot_22__untilthemanleftthetower.Themanhadan__23__.Hetookanothermanwithhimtothetower.Onemanleftandtheotherstayed,buttheydidnot__24__thebird.Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.Theexperimentwas__25__withthreemenandthenwithfourmen.Butthecrowdidnotreturntothenestuntilallthemenwere__26__.Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere__27__abletofoolthecrow.Howgoodisahuman'snumbersense?It'snotverygood.Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma__28_group.Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,thechildrenare__29__fooled.Itseemsthatnumbersenseissomethingwehaveincommonwithmanyanimalsinthisworld,andthatourhuman__30__isnotmuchbetterthanacrow's.空白處選擇A.reportedB.repeatedC.designedD.approved

10、()是對(duì)字詞、規(guī)律公式和各種概念的記憶,它與一般的特定事件無關(guān)系。A.陳述性記憶B.程序性記憶C.情境性記憶D.語義性記憶

11、心理健康教育的總目標(biāo)為（）A.提高學(xué)生的心理素質(zhì)B.發(fā)展學(xué)生的能力C.提高學(xué)生的成績D.克服學(xué)生的厭學(xué)情緒

12、道德兩難故事法的創(chuàng)始人是（）。A.皮亞杰B.弗洛伊德C.班杜拉D.柯爾伯格

13、根據(jù)下面資料，回答Igrewupseeinghandwrittennotesasthebestexpressionoflove.Myroomoften16small,squarepapersonthebedformetofind.Sometimesitwasjustasmiley17,othertimesshesimplywrotethewords"loveyou"18ordinaryballpointpen,butitwasmorethanenough.Startinginelementaryschool,mymom19metowritenotestomygrandmawholivedafewhoursaway.Grandma20wroteback.TheexcitementIfeltwhenIlookedinthe21andsawaletterinmygrandma′sshakylettersnever22.Bystudyingherhandwriting,Icouldalmost23howshe′dbeenfeelingthatday.Thosenotesarenowtreasures.Thewords,"Youmakeme24,"frommydadwhenIgotmyfirstprizeandbirthdaynotesfromfriendsarealllifelinesIcan′tbearto25.However,mygreatestlifelinescamefrommydaughter,Avery.OnedayIputayellownoteonher26notrealizingtherewasablankone27toit.WhenIcleanedoutherlunchboxthatnight,thenumberofmynoteshad28.IcriedwhenIsawshe′dwrittenthesamethingasme."Iloveyou.Avery."Ireachedupandstuckmydaughter′s29onthecabinetwherethesandwichbreadwasstoredasasourceofdaily30.ThenlateranotherinmyclothesclosetwhereIgot31,andanotheronthebathroommirrorwhereIbrushedmy32."Iloveyou.Iwill.loveyouformywholelife."Untiltodaymydaughterstill33postslifelinestome.Nowtheyarenotsomuchforencouragement34theyarereminders--remindersthattimeisflying.Becausetheuntraditionalspellinghasbecome35,lettersarenolongergigantic,butrathersmallanddainty(優(yōu)美的).Butthelove,theloveisstillthere.第（28）題選A.goneB.increasedC.workedD.moved

14、在學(xué)習(xí)某課題前,使學(xué)生為將要學(xué)習(xí)的新課題積累必要的感性經(jīng)驗(yàn)，從而順利獲得新知識(shí)而進(jìn)行的參觀是（)A.總結(jié)性參觀B.準(zhǔn)備性參觀C.并行性參觀D.現(xiàn)實(shí)性參觀

15、相同要素說的提出者是（）A.桑代克B.賈德C.班杜拉D.杜威

16、黨的十八大以來，國務(wù)院確定的全國第一個(gè)生態(tài)文明先行示范區(qū)是__________。A.海南B.云南C.福建D.廣西

17、《中華人民共和國義務(wù)教育法》規(guī)定縣級(jí)以上人民政府及其教育部門應(yīng)當(dāng)縮小學(xué)校之間辦學(xué)條件的差距，促進(jìn)學(xué)校（）。A.跨越發(fā)展B.優(yōu)先發(fā)展C.均衡發(fā)展D.差異發(fā)展

18、甲、乙兩人以相同路線前往離學(xué)校12千米的地方參加植樹活動(dòng)，甲、乙兩人前往目的地所行駛的路程S(千米)隨時(shí)間t(分)變化的函數(shù)圖象如圖所示，則每分鐘乙比甲多行駛的路程是()。A.0.5千米B.1千米C.1.5千米D.2千米

19、Doyouhaveanyideawhatyouwouldliketobeanddoaftergraduation?Alotofpeopledon′!beginthinkingaboutcareersuntiltheyreachjuniororsenioryear,which,inmyopinion,istoolate.Whenpeoplearetryingtodecidewhattheywanttodo,ithelpstoknowsomethingtheylove.EversinceIwaslittle,I′vealwaysbeendoingsomeone′shair,make-upornails,startingwithBarbiedollsandprogressingtohumans.OvertheyearsmyfamilyhasreallyinspiredmetodothisandnowIfixfriends′andfamilymembers′hairforweddings,dancesandotherbigevents.IhavebeenthinkingaboutwhatIwouldliketodoforacareersincemiddleschool.IdidsomeresearchanddiscoveredthatImightreallyenjoybeingacosmetologist,soIwenttomyhairstylistandaskedherlotsofquestionsaboutwhatittakestoreachherlevelandwhatshewouldrecommendIdo.Iconsideredheradviceandthendidmoreresearch.IusedAveda′swebsitetogetinformationontheAvedaInstituteandwhattypeofcredit(貸款)Iwouldneedfromhighschooltoapply.Ifoundtheirinstitutehasthreeparts:theoreticalknowledge,practicalexperience,andprofessionalbusiness-buildingskills.Forthepastfewyears,IhavebeenlookingatAvedainmoreandmoredetail.Thisschoolnotonlyofferscosmetology,butalsomassagetherapy.IgrewupinMinnesota(美國中北部的一個(gè)州),soIplantoapplytotheinstituteinMinneapolisthatseveralpeoplehavehighlyrecommended.Ithelpsstudentsbecome"futureindustryleadersinhaircare,skincare,makeupandtotalbodywellness".Itisaffordableandeveryonethereisfriendlyandunderstanding.HavingdonethegroundworkandthinkingaboutwhatI′dliketodoafterhighschool,IknowthatIwilldefinitelypursuemydreamofbecomingacosmetologist.Theauthorofthetextmaybea___________.A.marriedpersonB.middleschoolstudentC.collegestudentD.ateacher

20、教學(xué)過程中“間接經(jīng)驗(yàn)與直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合”的規(guī)律的主要觀點(diǎn)是（）A.學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)以直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主B.學(xué)習(xí)直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)必須以間接經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)C.直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)比間接經(jīng)驗(yàn)更重要D.以間接經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主，直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)為輔

21、教師勞動(dòng)的創(chuàng)造性主要是由（）的特點(diǎn)所決定的。A.勞動(dòng)內(nèi)容B.勞動(dòng)方式C.勞動(dòng)手段D.勞動(dòng)對(duì)象

22、在和聲大調(diào)七級(jí)上構(gòu)成的三和弦為（）。A.大三和弦B.小三和弦C.增三和弦D.減三和弦

23、依據(jù)人類社會(huì)活動(dòng)的六種形態(tài)，（）將人劃分為六種性格類型，不同的性格類型有不同的價(jià)值觀。A.霍蘭德B.桑代克C.斯普蘭格D.奧爾波特

24、從教育學(xué)的角度來研究,師生關(guān)系主要是一種（）A.主體與客體的關(guān)系B.教育與被教育的關(guān)系C.權(quán)利與義務(wù)的關(guān)系D.影響與被影響的關(guān)系

25、屬于拜占庭式建筑風(fēng)格的是（）。A.科隆大教堂B.米蘭大教堂C.圣索菲亞大教堂D.比薩大教堂

26、下列有關(guān)外國文學(xué)名著的表述不正確的一項(xiàng)是（）A.《鋼鐵是怎樣煉成的》的作者……。他身上凝聚了那個(gè)時(shí)代最美好的品質(zhì)一一為為理想而獻(xiàn)身的精神,鋼鐵般的意志和頑強(qiáng)奮斗的品質(zhì)。B.喬納森·斯威夫特在《格列佛游記》……實(shí)質(zhì)上挖苦英國兩個(gè)爭斗不休的政黨。C.《童年》整體基調(diào)雖然嚴(yán)肅低沉……，在悲劇的氛圍中感受到人們戰(zhàn)勝悲劇的強(qiáng)大力量。D.小說《簡愛》所描述的故事主要發(fā)生在桑菲爾德莊園……，但她最終與羅切斯特分道揚(yáng)鑣。

27、下列屬于江南絲竹音樂的是（）。A.《中花六板》B.《旱天雷》C.《漁舟唱晚》D.《步步高》

28、由杜威提出的教學(xué)方法是（）A.五步探究教學(xué)法B.五段教學(xué)法C.教學(xué)四階段論D.參觀教學(xué)法

29、IleftuniversitywithagooddegreeinEnglishLiterature,butnosenseofwhatIwantedtodo.Overthenextsixyears,Iwastreadingwater,justtryingtoearnanincome.Itriedjournalism,butIdidn’tthinkIwasanygood,thenfinance,whichIhated.Finally,Igotajobasarightsassistantatafamouspublisher.Ilovedworkingwithbooks,althoughthejobthatIdidwasdull.Ihadenoughsavingstotakeayearoffwork,andIdecidedtotrytosatisfyadeep-downwishtowriteanovel.AttendingaNovelWritingMAcoursegavemethestructureIneededtowritemyfirst55,000words.Ittakesconfidencetomakeanewstart—there’sadarkperiodin-betweenwhereyou’reneitheronethingnortheother.You’reoutfordinnerandpeopleaskwhatyoudo,andyou’retooashamedtosay,“Well,I’mwritinganovel,butI’mnotquitesureifI’mgoingtogetthere.”Myconfidencedived.Believingmynovelcouldnotbepublished,Iputitaside.ThenImetanagentwhosaidIshouldsendmynovelouttoagents.So,Ididand,tomysurprise,gotsomewonderfulfeedback.IfeltalittlehopethatImightactuallybecomeapublishedwriterand,aftersigningwithanagent,Ifinishedthesecondhalfofthenovel.Thenextproblemwasfindingapublisher.Aftertwo-and-a-halfyearsofnoincome,justwaitingandwondering,apublisherofferedmeabookdeal—thatpublisherturnedouttobetheoneIonceworkedfor.Itfeelslikeanunbelievablestrokeofluck—offate,really.Whenyousetouttodosomethingdifferent,there’snoendinsight,sotofindmyselfinapositionwhereInowhavemyownnameonacontractofthepublisher—tobeapublishedwriter—isunbelievablyrewarding.Theauthordecidedtowriteanovel______.A.tofinishthewritingcourseB.torealizeherowndreamC.tosatisfyreaders’wishD.toearnmoremoney

30、已知M=2×3×5，那么M全部因數(shù)的個(gè)數(shù)有()。A.3個(gè)B.7個(gè)C.8個(gè)D.無數(shù)個(gè)

31、ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf′sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotcA.ToshowtheworrythattechnologymayeventuallydestroyourworldB.Totellthereadersthatasahumancreation,technologymaygowronganddoharmtohumanC.ToemphasizetheresponsibilitywehaveinensuringhumansafetyinatechnologicalworldD.Tostressthefactthattechnologyusuallygoeswrongifnotgivencloseexamination

32、一個(gè)人看到某一物體的慣常用途之后，就很難看出它的其他用途，這種現(xiàn)象為（）A.抽象思維B.原型啟發(fā)C.功能固著D.創(chuàng)造思維

33、夫經(jīng)典沉深，載籍浩瀚，實(shí)群言之奧區(qū)，而才思之神皋也。揚(yáng)、班以下，莫不取資，任力耕耨，縱意漁獵，操刀能割，必裂膏腴；是以將贍才力，務(wù)在博見，狐腋非一皮能溫，雞踱必?cái)?shù)十而飽矣。是以綜學(xué)在博，取事貴約，校練務(wù)精，捃理須核，眾關(guān)輻輳，表里發(fā)揮：劉劭《趙都賦》云：“公子之客，叱勁楚令歃盟；管庫隸臣，呵強(qiáng)秦使鼓缶。”用事如斯，可稱理得而義要矣。故事得其要，雖小成績，譬寸轄制輪，尺樞運(yùn)關(guān)也。或微言美事，置于閑散，是綴金翠于足脛，靚粉黛于胸臆也。下列加點(diǎn)橫線意義解釋不正確的是（??）：A.莫不取資莫：同“暮”，傍晚B.務(wù)在博見務(wù)：務(wù)必C.取事貴約約：簡要D.呵強(qiáng)秦使鼓缶鼓：敲打

34、“教育一定要成為一種學(xué)業(yè)，否則無所希望”，“教育的方法必須成為一種科學(xué)，否則決不可能成為一種有系統(tǒng)的學(xué)問”。這正是（）的“教育學(xué)”思想超出他的前人和同代人的地方。A.培根B.夸美紐斯C.康德D.赫爾巴特

35、澳大利亞的教師在向?qū)W生講“雪花”這一事物時(shí)，采用觀看錄像帶并向空中拋撒大量碎紙片以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)下雪場(chǎng)景的方式，這種直觀的手段是（）。A.實(shí)物直觀B.模象直觀C.言語直觀D.虛擬直觀

36、布魯納在教學(xué)上提倡（）。A.指導(dǎo)法B.討論法C.發(fā)現(xiàn)法D.接受法

37、學(xué)校心理輔導(dǎo)的目標(biāo)是__________。A.滿足需要促進(jìn)健康B.關(guān)注生存促進(jìn)發(fā)展C.學(xué)會(huì)調(diào)適尋求發(fā)展D.身體健康學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)

38、要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)盡可能多地偏旁為木的漢字，寫出的漢字越多，越能體現(xiàn)其思維的（）A.獨(dú)特性B.敏捷性C.靈活性D.深刻性

39、根據(jù)下面資料，回答Everyoneagreesthatinnovationisthekeytosolvingthemanychallengeswefaceasacountryfromhealthcaretoeducationtotheenvironment,andisfundamentaltorestoringeconomicgrowthandprosperity.ButIwouldputitaslightlydifferentway.Wemustfindawaytorebuildthe"innovationinfrastructure"inthiscountry.TheproblemisnotthatAmericansaren′tasinherentlyinnovativeaseverweare.AndthelevelofinterestamongAmericansintheprocessofinnovation--determiningthebestrecipestomakeithappen--hasbeenskyrocketingoverthepastfewyears.Forexample,thenumberoftimestheword"innovation"appearedinGooglenewsstoreshasincreasedbyapproximatelyfivefromObama′sinaugurationtotoday.Googletheterm"innovation"andyou′11get342millionhits,approximatelyhalfthe676millionhitsthat"Obama"generates.Andaccordingtohashtagsorg,innovationistrendingaboutthesamerateasdeficit.Ourproblemisthatthesystemisfailingourcitizens.The"seedcorn"ofinnovation-creativeideas...fundamentalrateitwasbefore.Viable"seedcorn"requiresaninnovationinfrastructureinwhichbrightmindsareprovidedtheresourcesandfreedomtocreateandinventaccordingtotheirpassionsandcuriosities,totakeboldrisks,andeventofail.SuchaninnovationinfrastructurethrivedintheU.S.inthelate20thcenturyasacollaborationthatputAmericansonthemoon,andtothepersonalcomputer,theInternet,andtheeraofgenomicmedicine.Americansarereadyandwillingtoembracethegoalofonceagainleadingtheworldininnovation.Thiscouldbethemoonshotforthenextdecadethatunifiesourcountry.However,weareatatremendousdisadvantageunlesstheinnovationinfrastructureofthiscountryisrebuilt.Thisrequiresanewcollaborationamonggovernment,industryandacademia-onethatissuitedtothechallengesandopportunitiesofthedigitalage,andthA.AmericanshavelostinterestininnovationduringthepastyearsB.toomanyriskyideashavedestroyedpeople'sconfidenceininnovationC.institutions,governmentandbusinesscannotcooperateeffectivelyasbeforeD.theessentialelementsofinnovationhavelostitsenergyfordevelopment

40、下列關(guān)于小學(xué)寫作、口語交際教學(xué)的說法，有誤的一項(xiàng)是（）。A.寫作教學(xué)應(yīng)減少對(duì)學(xué)生的束縛，鼓勵(lì)自由表達(dá)和有創(chuàng)意的表達(dá)，鼓勵(lì)寫想象中的事物。B.課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)淡化對(duì)寫作形式的要求，第二學(xué)段除標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)以外，只要求在習(xí)作中運(yùn)用平時(shí)積累的語言材料。C.課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)關(guān)于聽的能力要求逐步提高，第一學(xué)段要求努力了解別人講話的主要內(nèi)容，第二學(xué)段要求把握別人講話的主要內(nèi)容并能簡要轉(zhuǎn)述。D.為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生口語交際能力，教學(xué)活動(dòng)中應(yīng)首先教給學(xué)生口語交際的原則和要領(lǐng)。

41、“落紅不是無情物，化作春泥更護(hù)花”的作者是（）。A.龔自珍B.辛棄疾C.陸游D.柳永

42、()是教育活動(dòng)過程中最基本、最重要的關(guān)系。A.師生關(guān)系B.生生關(guān)系C.師師關(guān)系D.群體關(guān)系

43、設(shè)計(jì)與組織德育活動(dòng)首先要考慮的問題是（）。A.德育過程B.德育目標(biāo)C.德育方式D.德育要求

44、根據(jù)下面資料，回答Readingaloudandsilentreadingaretwodifferenttypesofreadingpractice.Eachhasafunctionintheteachingofreadingandshouldnotbe16bytheother.However,weneedtobeawarewhenweshouldusethem.Whenwe17teachingreadingordevelopingreadingskills,wearemostlyreferringtosilentreading.Todevelop18readersinaforeignlanguage,silentreadingactivitiesmustbegivenenough19andtimeinclasswiththeproperguidancefromthe20.Readingaloudalsohasitsparticular21forourstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasaforeignlanguage.22canhelpthemacquiregoodpronunciationandintonation,23themwithnewwordsandthestresspatternsofEnglish,help24theireontideneeinspeakingthelanguage.Therefore,opportunitiesshouldbe25forstudentstoreadaloudonlyaftertheyhavecomprehendedthetext26beforecomprehensioncanbevery27anditcaneasilydestroytheirself-confidence.With28reading,itsetsupapoorreadingmodelforotherstudentsaswell.Itis29thatwefirsthelpstudentslearnthetextthrough30readingactivitiesandthenwithcomprehensionwegiveourstudentspracticebyusinganaudiotapeto31agoodmodelforpracticingreadingaloud.Withadequate32,wemayaskthestudentstoreadaloudtothewholeclassto33theirmotivationandconfidence.Byaskingthestudentstoreadaloud,itisalsoagoodchancefortheteachertoget34onthestudents′comprehensionaswecannotice35therearewrongpausesormispronouncedwordswhichindicatepossibledifficultiesormisunderstandingofthetext.第（33）題選A.respectB.checkC.boostD.desert

45、現(xiàn)有2米、4米、6米、8米、10米和12米的鐵棒各一根，選擇其中的若干，焊接成1根長度為20米的鐵棒，共有（）種組合方法。A.6B.3C.4D.5

46、皮亞杰把兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展分成四個(gè)階段，處于自我中心階段的兒童的年齡大致為（）A.10~12歲B.8-10歲C.0~2歲D.2?7歲

47、教學(xué)過程中，孫老師有明確的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，豐富的教學(xué)內(nèi)容，合理的教學(xué)方法。該教師的教學(xué)監(jiān)控能力屬于（）。A.興趣指向型B.任務(wù)指向型C.學(xué)生指向型D.自我指向型

48、設(shè)隨機(jī)變量X服從正態(tài)分布N(0，1)，P(x>1)=0．2，則P(-1A.0.1B.0.3C.0.6D.0.8

49、OnNovember19,1863,AbrahamLincolnwenttoGettysburginPennsylvaniatospeakattheNationalSoldiersCemetery.TheCivilWarwasstillgoingon.TherewasmuchcriticismofPresidentLincolnatthetime.Hewasnotatallpopular.HehadbeeninvitedtospeakatGettysburgonlyoutofpoliteness.TheprincipalspeakerwastobeEdwardEverett,afamousstatesmanandspeakeroftheday.Everettwasahandsomemanandverypopulareverywhere.ItissaidthatLincolnpreparedhisspeechonthetrainwhilegoingtoGettysburg.Latethatnight,aloneinhishotelroomandtiredout,heagainworkedbrieflyonthespeech.ThenextdayEverettspokefirst.Hespokeforanhourand57minutes.Hisspeechwasaperfectexampleoftherichoratoryoftheday.ThenLincolnrose.Thecrowdof15,000peopleatfirstpaidlittleattentiontohim.Hespokeforonlynineminutes.Attheendtherewaslittleapplause.Lincolnturnedtoafriendandremarked,"Ihavefailedagain."OnthetrainbacktoWashington,hesaidsadly,"Thatspeechwasaflatfailure,andthepeoplearedisappointed."Somenewspapersatfirstcriticizedthespeech.Butlittlebylittleaspeoplereadthespeechtheybegantounderstandbetter.Theybegantoappreciateitssimplicityanditsdeepmeaning.ItwasaspeechwhichonlyAbrahamLincolncouldhavemade.Today,everyAmericanschoolchildlearnsLincoln′sGettysburgAddressbyheart.NoweveryonethinksofitasoneofthegreatestspeechesevergiveninAmericanhistory.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Lincoln'sGettysburgAddresshasdeepmeaningB.Lincoln'sGettysburgAddressissimpleinstyleC.Lincoln'sGettysburgAddressismemorizedbyeveryAmericanschoolchildD.Lincoln'sGettysburgAddressisthegreatestspeecheverdeliveredintheUnitedStates

50、父母向小貝承諾，如果她在期末考試中進(jìn)入班級(jí)的前十名，就獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)她一個(gè)芭比娃娃，小貝因此變得更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。小貝的這類學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)屬于()。A.自我提高的驅(qū)動(dòng)力B.認(rèn)知驅(qū)動(dòng)力C.附屬驅(qū)動(dòng)力D.內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)二、多選題

51、下列依次填入橫線處的詞語，恰當(dāng)?shù)囊唤M是（）。①我從南方到北京求學(xué)，畢業(yè)后能在北京工作?好，回家鄉(xiāng)也不錯(cuò)。②現(xiàn)在，國際形勢(shì)很復(fù)雜，我們?把困難估計(jì)得嚴(yán)重些為好。③放眼地圖，如織的鐵路線與公路線將大大小小的城市?起來。A.固然寧可貫穿B.雖然寧肯貫串C.固然寧肯貫穿D.雖然寧可貫串

52、使子女獲得足夠的安全感，自立自信．有探索精神并且心滿意足的父母教養(yǎng)子女的方式是（）A.民主型的教養(yǎng)方式B.專斷型的教養(yǎng)方式C.權(quán)威型的教養(yǎng)方式D.放任型的教養(yǎng)方式

53、Doyouhaveanyideawhatyouwouldliketobeanddoaftergraduation?Alotofpeopledon′!beginthinkingaboutcareersuntiltheyreachjuniororsenioryear,which,inmyopinion,istoolate.Whenpeoplearetryingtodecidewhattheywanttodo,ithelpstoknowsomethingtheylove.EversinceIwaslittle,I′vealwaysbeendoingsomeone′shair,make-upornails,startingwithBarbiedollsandprogressingtohumans.OvertheyearsmyfamilyhasreallyinspiredmetodothisandnowIfixfriends′andfamilymembers′hairforweddings,dancesandotherbigevents.IhavebeenthinkingaboutwhatIwouldliketodoforacareersincemiddleschool.IdidsomeresearchanddiscoveredthatImightreallyenjoybeingacosmetologist,soIwenttomyhairstylistandaskedherlotsofquestionsaboutwhatittakestoreachherlevelandwhatshewouldrecommendIdo.Iconsideredheradviceandthendidmoreresearch.IusedAveda′swebsitetogetinformationontheAvedaInstituteandwhattypeofcredit(貸款)Iwouldneedfromhighschooltoapply.Ifoundtheirinstitutehasthreeparts:theoreticalknowledge,practicalexperience,andprofessionalbusiness-buildingskills.Forthepastfewyears,IhavebeenlookingatAvedainmoreandmoredetail.Thisschoolnotonlyofferscosmetology,butalsomassagetherapy.IgrewupinMinnesota(美國中北部的一個(gè)州),soIplantoapplytotheinstituteinMinneapolisthatseveralpeoplehavehighlyrecommended.Ithelpsstudentsbecome"futureindustryleadersinhaircare,skincare,makeupandtotalbodywellness".Itisaffordableandeveryonethereisfriendlyandunderstanding.HavingdonethegroundworkandthinkingaboutwhatI′dliketodoafterhighschool,IknowthatIwilldefinitelypursuemydreamofbecomingacosmetologist.Afterreadingthetext,wecaninfertheauthorisinterestedin___________.A.travelingabroadB.servicebusinessC.socialactivitiesD.actingonthestage

54、通過求診者的觀察和模仿來矯正其適應(yīng)不良行為與神經(jīng)癥反應(yīng)的方法是（）。A.行為塑造法B.自我控制法C.強(qiáng)化法D.示范法

55、性格中的謙虛驕傲、自尊自卑屬于性格的（）A.態(tài)度特征B.情緒特征C.意志特征D.理智特征

56、下列有關(guān)文學(xué)現(xiàn)象的表述，錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)是（）。A.詞是詩歌的一種變體，最初是配合音樂來歌唱的，根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)多少，可分為小令、中調(diào)、長調(diào)。由于詞的句子長短不一，所以也稱為“長短句”B.“一門三父子，都是大文豪。詩賦傳千古，峨眉共比高。”這首詩中的“三父子”指的是曹操、曹丕、曹植C.“初唐四杰”指的是王勃、楊炯、盧照鄰、駱賓王，他們都是初唐時(shí)期很有才華的文學(xué)家，四人才名早享，在青少年時(shí)代就獲得“四杰”的美譽(yù)D.“四書五經(jīng)”是儒家經(jīng)典，“四書”指《大學(xué)》《中庸》《論語》《孟子》這四部書

57、《義務(wù)教育美術(shù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011）版》提出，美術(shù)課程資源主要包括學(xué)校資源、自然資源、社會(huì)資源和（）。A.影像資源B.圖片資源C.網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源D.標(biāo)本資源

58、在注視飛速開過的火車之后,會(huì)覺得附近的樹木向相反的方向運(yùn)動(dòng)，這是（）A.誘發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)B.動(dòng)景運(yùn)動(dòng)C.自主運(yùn)動(dòng)D.運(yùn)動(dòng)后效

59、2012年2月，中央“一號(hào)文件”發(fā)布，主題是__________。A.農(nóng)業(yè)科技B.工業(yè)科技C.商業(yè)科技D.軍事科技

60、學(xué)生是教育活動(dòng)的主體，所以教師要發(fā)揮學(xué)生的（）A.主觀能動(dòng)性B.靈活性C.互動(dòng)性D.多樣性

61、Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizea__16__innumber.Humanbeingsarebornwiththisability.__17__,experimentsshowthatmanyanimalsare,too.Forexample,manybirdshavegoodnumbersense.Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnot__18__.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebird__19__leaves.Thismeansthatthebirdknowsthe__20__betweentwoandthree.Anotherinterestingexperimentshowedabird's__21__numbersense.Amanwastryingtotakeaphotoofacrowthathadanestinatower,butthecrowalwaysleftwhenshesawhimcoming.Thebirddidnot_22__untilthemanleftthetower.Themanhadan__23__.Hetookanothermanwithhimtothetower.Onemanleftandtheotherstayed,buttheydidnot__24__thebird.Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.Theexperimentwas__25__withthreemenandthenwithfourmen.Butthecrowdidnotreturntothenestuntilallthemenwere__26__.Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere__27__abletofoolthecrow.Howgoodisahuman'snumbersense?It'snotverygood.Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma__28_group.Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,thechildrenare__29__fooled.Itseemsthatnumbersenseissomethingwehaveincommonwithmanyanimalsinthisworld,andthatourhuman__30__isnotmuchbetterthanacrow's.空白處選擇A.sightB.natureC.abilityD.belief

62、NowandagainIhavehadhorribledreams,butnotenoughofthemtomakemelosemydelightindreams.Tobeginwith,Iliketheideaofdreaming,ofgoingtobedandlyingstillandthen,bysomequeermagic,wanderingintoanotherkindofexistence.AsachildIcouldneverunderstandwhygrown-upstookdreamingsocalmlywhentheycouldmakesuchafussaboutanyholiday.Thisstillpuzzlesme.Iammystifiedbypeoplewhosaytheyneverdreamandappeartohavenointerestinthesubject.Itismuchmoreastonishingthaniftheysaidtheyneverwentoutforawalk.MostpeopleoratleastmoreWesternEuropeansdonotseemtoacceptdreamingaspartoftheirlives.Theyappeartoseeitasanirritatinglittlehabit,likesneezingoryawning.Ihaveneverunderstoodthis.Mydreamlifedoesnotseemasimportantasmywakinglife,ifonlybecausethereisfarlessofit,buttomeitisimportant.Asiftherewereatleasttwoextracontinentsaddedtotheworld,andlightningexcursionsrunningtothematanymomentbetweenmidnightandbreakfast.Thenagain,thedreamlife,thoughqueerandconfusingandunsatisfactoryinmanyrespects,hasitsownadvantages.Thedeadarethere,smilingandtalking.Thepartisthere,sometimesallbrokenandconfusedbutoccasionallyasfreshasadaisy.Andperhaps,asMr.Dunnetellsus,thefutureistheretoo,winkingatus.Thisdreamlifeisoftenovershadowedbyhugemysteriousanxieties,withluggagethatcannotbepackedandtrainsthatrefusetobecaught;andbothpersonsandscenestherearenotasdependableandsolidastheyareinwakinglife,sothatBrownandSmithmergeintoonepersonwhileRobinsonsplitsintotwo,andtherearethickwoodsoutsidethebathroomdoorandthediningroomissomehowpartofatheater