2025高考英語(yǔ)步步高大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)　Unit 1　People of Achievement含答案

2025高考英語(yǔ)步步高大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit1PeopleofAchievement含答案Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．physiologyn．生理學(xué)；生理機(jī)能2．a(chǎn)rtemisininn．[藥]青蒿素3．malarian．瘧疾4．extractn．提取物；摘錄vt.提取；提煉；摘錄；(用力)拔出5．wormwoodn．蒿；洋艾6．substancen．物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)7．penicillinn．青霉素8．chartn．圖表vt.記錄；制訂計(jì)劃9．flowchart流程圖10．numerousadj.眾多的；許多的11．theoryn．理論；學(xué)說(shuō)12．relativityn．相對(duì)論；相對(duì)性13．formulan．公式；方程式；配方14．patentn．專利；專利證書；獲得專利adj.有專利的；受專利保護(hù)的15．doctoraten．博士學(xué)位16．photoelectricadj.光電的17．institutionn．社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗18．instituten．(教育、專業(yè)等)機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑19．moustachen．上唇的胡子；髭20．peculiarityn．個(gè)性；特點(diǎn)；怪異的性質(zhì)21．devicen．方法；技巧；裝置；儀器Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的2．vitaladj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的3．objectiven．目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的4．propertyn．性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)5．boilvt.&vi.(使)沸騰；煮開；燒開n．沸騰；沸點(diǎn)6．liquidn．液體adj.液體的；液態(tài)的7．obtainvt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行8．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝9．defeatn．失?。淮鞌t.擊?。粦?zhàn)勝10．a(chǎn)pparentlyadv.顯而易見；看來(lái)；顯然11．insistvi.&vt.堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求12．mostlyadv.主要地；一般地13．fleevi.&vt.(fled，fled)迅速離開；逃跑14．circumstancen．[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況15．flown．流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)vi.流；流動(dòng)16．infervt.推斷；推定17．geniusn．(pl.geniuses)天才；天資；天賦18．extraordinaryadj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的19．graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地20．encountervt.偶然碰到；遇到n．邂逅；遭遇21．mournvt.&vi.哀悼；憂傷22．remarkableadj.非凡的；顯著的23．sumvi.總結(jié)；概括n．金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和24．draftn．草稿；草案vt.起草；草擬Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．commitvt.承諾；保證vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的→commitmentn．投入；奉獻(xiàn)；承諾2．a(chǎn)cademyn．(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專科院?！鷄cademicadj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的3．botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的→botanyn．植物學(xué)4．evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→evaluationn．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估5．distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctionn．區(qū)別；差別6．a(chǎn)nalyse(NAmE-ze)vt.分析→analysis(pl.analyses)n．分析7．scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的→sciencen．科學(xué)→scientistn．科學(xué)家8．conclusionn．結(jié)論；推論→concludevt.斷定；推斷出9．novelistn．小說(shuō)家→noveln．(長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō)adj.新穎的；珍奇的10．foundvt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在→foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基金會(huì)→foundern．創(chuàng)建者；創(chuàng)始人11．politiciann．政治家；從政者；政客→politicsn．政治(學(xué))→politicaladj.政治的12．gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的→gentlyadv.溫柔地；溫和地13．passionn．酷愛；激情→passionateadj.有激情的14．consequencen．結(jié)果；后果→consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；因此；所以15．professorn．教授→professionn．職業(yè)，行業(yè)→professionaladj.職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的n．專業(yè)人士1．sacrifice/'s?krIfaIs/n．&vt.犧牲；獻(xiàn)出2．shatter/'??t?(r)/vi.&vt.(使)破碎；(使)碎裂3．detour/'di?t??(r)/n．繞行的路；兜圈子vi.&vt.(使)繞道；(使)繞行4．pause/p??z/vi.暫停；停頓vt.(按暫停鍵)暫停放音；暫停放像n．停頓；停頓的時(shí)間5．sway/sweI/vi.&vt.(使)搖擺；(使)搖動(dòng)n．搖擺；擺動(dòng)6．spray/spreI/vt.&vi.向……掃射(或拋灑)；噴灑n．浪花；水花；飛沫7．crawl/kr??l/vi.爬行；匍匐行進(jìn)；緩慢行進(jìn)8．tearup(猛地)拔起；撕毀或撕碎(文件等)9．hop/h?p/vi.快速行走；單腳跳行10．vacant/'veIk?nt/adj.空著的；未被占用的Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)1．commitoneselfto(sth/doingsth/dosth)承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)2．insiston堅(jiān)決要求3．wearandtear(正常使用造成的)磨損；損耗4．cometopower(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)5．takeupaposition擔(dān)任；任職6．sumup總結(jié)；概括7．leadto導(dǎo)致8．graduatefrom畢業(yè)于……9．withtheobjectiveof目的是……10．managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives，andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.(過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ))青蒿素挽救了成千上萬(wàn)人的生命，并改善了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康狀況。2．Afterfailingmorethan190times，theteamfinallysucceededin1971.(介詞＋doing)經(jīng)歷了190多次的失敗之后，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年獲得了成功。3．UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid，“Thehonourisnotjustmine...”(upondoing...)當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說(shuō)：“這份榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我……”4．ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.(it作形式主語(yǔ))中國(guó)的科學(xué)研究和中醫(yī)藥得以在全世界傳播確實(shí)是一個(gè)榮譽(yù)。5．Whileworkingthere，outofastrongpassionforknowledge，hecontinuedtostudy，earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)工作期間，出于強(qiáng)烈的求知欲，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，于1905年獲得了物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共8分)1．devicen．方法；技巧；裝置；儀器2．substancen．物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)3．chartn．圖表vt.記錄；制訂計(jì)劃4．numerousadj.眾多的；許多的5．theoryn．理論；學(xué)說(shuō)6．relativityn．相對(duì)論；相對(duì)性7．patentn．專利；專利證書；獲得專利adj.有專利的；受專利保護(hù)的8．instituten．(教育、專業(yè)等)機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1分，共12分)1．infervt.推斷；推定2．geniusn．天才；天資；天賦3．vitaladj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的4．encountervt.偶然碰到；遇到n．邂逅；遭遇5．remarkableadj.非凡的；顯著的6．obtainvt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行7．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝8．defeatn．失??；挫敗vt.擊敗；戰(zhàn)勝9．sumvi.總結(jié)；概括n．金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和10．insistvi.&vt.堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求11．fleevi.&vt.迅速離開；逃跑12．circumstancen．[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共14分)1．botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的→botanyn．植物學(xué)2．evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→evaluationn．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估3．distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctionn．區(qū)別；差別4．novelistn．小說(shuō)家→noveln．(長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō)adj.新穎的；珍奇的5．foundvt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在→foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基金會(huì)→foundern．創(chuàng)建者；創(chuàng)始人6．gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的→gentlyadv.溫柔地；溫和地7．consequencen．結(jié)果；后果→consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；因此；所以Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共6分)1．sacrificen．&vt.犧牲；獻(xiàn)出2．pausevi.暫停；停頓vt.(按暫停鍵)暫停放音；暫停放像n．停頓；停頓的時(shí)間3．sprayvt.&vi.向……掃射(或拋灑)；噴灑n．浪花；水花；飛沫4．crawlvi.爬行；匍匐行進(jìn)；緩慢行進(jìn)5．hopvi.快速行走；單腳跳行6．vacantadj.空著的；未被占用的Ⅴ.核心短語(yǔ)(每小題2分，共10分)1．commitoneselfto(sth/doingsth/dosth)承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)2．withtheobjectiveof目的是……3．managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事4．wearandtear(正常使用造成的)磨損；損耗5．graduatefrom畢業(yè)于……Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分，共20分)1．Committedtoeducation，hecommittedeveryminutetostudyingandteaching，sohiscommitmentfinallypaidoff.(commit)2．IdesiretobeaprofessorbyprofessioninthefutureandIwillpossesslotsofprofessionalknowledge.(professor)3．Thescientisthasmademanyscientificachievementsinscience.(science)4．Throughmygreatefforts，IobtainedacademicqualificationsattheChineseAcademyofSciences.(academy)5．Asyouknow，politicsismymajoratuniversity，andasaconsequence，Imemorizemanypoliticalpartiesandpoliticians.(politics)6．Ihavetroubleanalysingthedifficulttheory，soIwillrefertooneofhislogicalanalyses.(analyse)7．Myclassmateispassionateabouteverything，sohestudieseverythingwithgreatpassion.(passion)8．Hehasconcludedsomethingimportantfromwhathappenedinthepastandeveryoneagreeswithallhisconclusions.(conclude)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(insiston，cometopower，sumup，takeupaposition，leadto)1．Itissaidthatthenewly-electedmayorwon’tcometopoweruntilnextmonth.2．Yesterdayhetookupapositionasasalesmanageratthatinternationalsupermarket.3．ThemaninsistedonfindingataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.4．Eatingtoomuchfatcanleadtoheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.5．Hisyesterday’sspeechsummedupthepresentchallengingsituationofeconomy.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．放學(xué)后，一些孩子沖向操場(chǎng)，開始清理地上的落葉。(過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ))Afterschool，somechildrenrushedtotheplaygroundandstartedtoclearthefallenleavesontheground.2．在賽跑中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)后，他又唱又跳地回家了。(介詞＋doing)Afterwinningfirstprizeintherunningrace，heheadedforhishome，singinganddancing.3．一聽到這個(gè)消息，他難以抑制心中的興奮，高興地跳了起來(lái)。(讀后續(xù)寫之興奮心理描寫)(upondoing...)Uponhearingthenews，hewasunabletocontrolhisexcitementandjumpedwithjoy.4．很榮幸站在這里和你們分享我的學(xué)習(xí)方法。(it作形式主語(yǔ))Itisanhonourformetostandheretosharewithyoumylearningmethods.5．參觀藝術(shù)展覽的時(shí)候，我們討論了這位偉大藝術(shù)家的作品。(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)Whilevisitingtheartexhibition，wediscussedthegreatartist’sworks.MadamCurieBeinganextraordinaryandgentlewomangenius，MadamCuriemanaged1.todiscover(discover)twokindsofradioactiveelements，whichwerevitalandcrucialtophysics.Itwas2.widely(wide)acknowledgedthatshewasborninPolandin1867.Distinctfromothergirls，shehadastrongpassionforscienceand3.committed(commit)herwholelifetoscientificresearch.After4.graduating(graduate)fromhighschool，shetookup5.apositionasatutor.In1891，shewasadmittedintotheAcademyofParis,6.wheresheachievedgreatacademicperformancesandasaconsequence，shebecamethefirstwomanprofessor.Underunbearablecircumstances，sheandherhusbandsparednoefforttoanalyzeandevaluatepitchblende(瀝青鈾礦)7.withtheobjectiveofextractingradioactivesubstancesandstudyingtheirproperties.Apparently，theyencounterednumerous8.failures(fail)，butundernocircumstancesdidthecoupleacknowledgedefeatandtheyinsistedontheirambition.Usingflowchartsandsummingupwhattheyhadstudied，thecouplegraduallydrewa9.conclusion(conclude)thatPoandRadidexist，whichwassoonspreadthroughouttheworld.In1934，MadamCuriepassedawayandthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofa10.remarkable(remark)scientist.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯commitvt.承諾；保證；花(錢或時(shí)間)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)(committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的commitmentn．投入；奉獻(xiàn)；承諾)·commitoneselfto(sth/doingsth/dosth)承諾/保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)commitsthto(doing)sth將(時(shí)間或金錢)花在(做)某事上·becommittedto(doing)sth/commitoneselfto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事·makeacommitment作出承諾(1)Withtheobjectiveofbeingadmittedtoherdreamacademy，sheiscommittedtoworkinghardeverydayandIfirmlybelievethathercommitmentwillpayoffoneday.(commit)(2)Hewassoselflessthathecommittedhimselftodoing(do)voluntaryworktohelppeopleinneedallthetime.(3)我強(qiáng)烈建議你每天花一個(gè)小時(shí)讀英語(yǔ)，這一定會(huì)對(duì)你的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)有益。Istronglysuggestedthatyou(should)commitonehourtoreadingEnglishonadailybasis，whichwillbeundoubtedlybeneficialtoyouroralEnglish.

acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝(acknowledgementn．承認(rèn)；感謝；收件復(fù)函)acknowledgesb/sthas/tobe...認(rèn)為某人/某物是……；承認(rèn)某人/某物是……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承認(rèn)做了某事acknowledgethat...承認(rèn)……Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公認(rèn)的。(1)Tomacknowledgedbeingdefeated/havingbeendefeated(defeat)intheEnglishspeechcompetition，whichmadeusquitedepressed.(2)Tomydisappointment，Ihaven’treceivedanyacknowledgement(acknowledge)orreplytomyapplication.(3)我感謝我的英語(yǔ)老師，沒(méi)有他我不可能在英語(yǔ)方面取得如此巨大的進(jìn)步。(應(yīng)用文寫作之感謝信)IacknowledgemyEnglishteacher，withoutwhomIcouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.(4)孔子被公認(rèn)為是中國(guó)最偉大的古代教育家之一。(2023·全國(guó)甲，書面表達(dá))①Confuciusisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.②Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthatConfuciusisoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.insistvt.&vi.堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求·insiston(doing)sth堅(jiān)決要求/堅(jiān)持(做)某事·insist作“堅(jiān)決要求”講時(shí)，后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略；作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)需要選擇相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。(1)Asaconsequenceofsomesolidevidence，thepoliceofficerinsistedthattheladyhaddisobeyed(disobey)thetrafficrules.(2)只有當(dāng)你堅(jiān)持運(yùn)用你所學(xué)的東西，你才能夠盡快掌握漢語(yǔ)。①YoucanmasterChineseasquicklyaspossibleonlywhenyouinsistonputtingwhatyouhavelearntintouse.(insiston)②OnlywhenyouinsistonputtingwhatyouhavelearntintousecanyoumasterChineseasquicklyaspossible.(用倒裝句改寫)(3)老師堅(jiān)決要求我們充分利用每一分鐘為高考做好準(zhǔn)備。Theteacherinsiststhatwe(should)makefulluseofeveryminutetogetwellpreparedforthecollegeentranceexamination.conclusionn．結(jié)論；推論(concludevt.斷定；推斷出)·inconclusion最后；總之cometo/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論·conclude...withsth/bydoingsth以……結(jié)束toconclude總之concludefrom...從……中得出結(jié)論(1)Thefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeechwithadistinguishedsaying“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”(2)總之，孔子是一位杰出的歷史人物，他的學(xué)說(shuō)對(duì)中國(guó)文化和社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。(2023·全國(guó)甲，書面表達(dá))Inconclusion/Toconclude，ConfuciuswasaremarkablehistoricalfigurewhoseteachingshavehadaprofoundimpactonChinesecultureandsociety.(3)我根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)論：不勞則無(wú)獲。Iconcluded/drewaconclusionfrommyownexperiencethatnopain，nogain.circumstancen．[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況under/innocircumstances無(wú)論如何都不，決不(置于句首，句子用部分倒裝)under/inthecircumstances在這種情況下；既然如此ifcircumstancespermit/allow如果情況允許的話(1)這可能不是最好的設(shè)備，但它是我們?cè)谶@種情況下能采用的最好的一種。Itmightnotbethebestdevice，butitwasthebestonewecanadoptunder/inthecircumstances.(2)我決不放棄創(chuàng)辦一家公司的目標(biāo)。如果條件允許的話，我將立即采取行動(dòng)去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。Under/InnocircumstanceswillIgiveuptheobjectiveoffoundingacompany.Ifcircumstancespermit/allow，Iwilltakeimmediateactiontoaccomplishmydream.consequencen．結(jié)果，后果(consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的consequentlyadv.因此)asaconsequence＝inconsequence＝consequently＝asaresult因此as/inaconsequenceof＝asaresultof因?yàn)椤?；由于……taketheconsequences承擔(dān)后果(1)HefinallyobtainedhisdoctorateinSocialPsychologyas/inaconsequenceofgeniusaswellasthenoveltheoryhehasputforward.(2)既然你已經(jīng)是成年人了，你就應(yīng)該為自己的不當(dāng)行為承擔(dān)后果。Nowthatyouhavegrownup，youshouldtaketheconsequencesforyourimproperbehavior.(3)他幾個(gè)星期來(lái)一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)，因此，他在期末考試中取得了很大的進(jìn)步。Hehasbeencommittedtohisstudyforweeksandconsequently/asaconsequence/inconsequence，hemakesgreatprogressinthefinalexamination.upondoing...UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid，“Thehonourisnotjustmine...”當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說(shuō)：“這份榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我……”·upon/ondoing(that)．..“一……就……”，表示一件事緊接著另一件事發(fā)生?！ぁ耙弧汀钡钠渌磉_(dá)方式：assoonas，themoment/minute/instant，immediately/directly/instantly，nosooner...than...，hardly...when...等。(1)Hardlyhadheheardtheconclusionwhenheboiledwithanger.→Nosoonerhadheheardtheconclusionthanheboiledwithanger.(nosooner...than...)(2)一聽說(shuō)伯納德陷入困境，約翰立即忙著通過(guò)做爆米花幫助他。(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Upon/OnlearningthatBernardwascaughtindifficulty，Johnwasimmediatelycommittedtohelpinghimbymakingpopcorn.(Upon/Ondoing...)(3)我的頭一從大南瓜里拔出來(lái)，我就松了一口氣。(2021·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Assoonas/Theinstant/moment/minute/Immediately/Directly/Instantlymyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedinrelief.it作形式主語(yǔ)ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中國(guó)的科學(xué)研究和中醫(yī)藥得以在全世界傳播確實(shí)是一個(gè)榮譽(yù)。it作形式主語(yǔ)的常用句式：·Itbe＋anhonour＋forsbtodosth/Itbeone’shonour＋todosth·Itbe＋過(guò)去分詞(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that從句·Itbe＋形容詞(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that從句·Itbe＋名詞短語(yǔ)(apity，ashame，afact，agoodidea，nowonder...)＋that從句·It＋不及物動(dòng)詞(occur，happen，seem...)＋that從句(1)我很榮幸能發(fā)表演講，與大家分享我對(duì)京劇的看法。(應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿)Itisagreathonourforme/ItismygreathonourtodeliveraspeechtosharewithyoumyopinionsonBeijingOpera.(2)Apparently，weshouldspendsometimeconsideringwhichlearningmethodsuitsusmost.(2022·全國(guó)乙，書面表達(dá))→Itisapparentthatweshouldspendsometimeconsideringwhichlearningmethodsuitsusmost.(it作形式主語(yǔ))(3)聽說(shuō)你要去一個(gè)中國(guó)家庭做客，我非常高興。了解中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀是有必要的。(話題寫作之傳統(tǒng)文化)I’mmorethandelightedtolearnthatyouaregoingtovisitaChinesefamily.ItisnecessarythatyoushouldknowaboutthetablemannersofChina.(Itis＋adj.＋that...)(4)我們都知道良好的開端是成功的一半。歡迎你盡快加入我們。Itisknownthatwellbegunishalfdone.Welcomeyourparticipatinginusassoonaspossible.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．a(chǎn)cknowledgeeq\x(A.承認(rèn)B.告知收到C.公開感謝)(1)Iacknowledgemymother，whoalwayssupportsmewhateverhappens.C(2)Heacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong.A(3)Allapplicationswillbeacknowledgedbyemails.B2．floweq\x(A.n.流動(dòng)量B.n.流暢C.n.供應(yīng)D.vi.液體流動(dòng)E.vi.大量人或物流動(dòng)F.vi.飄拂)(1)Thereisnodenyingthatthegovernmentencouragestheflowofgoodsandservicestoremoteareas.C(2)Largenumbersofvillagerscontinuetoflowintobigcitiestosearchforjobs.E(3)We’renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers.(2021·北京)A(4)Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)B(5)Secondslater，ourlizardemergedfromitstankwithitsoldskinflowingbehindit.(2021·天津3月)F(6)Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)D3．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)TuYouyoudiscoveredanovelmethodtoextracttheusefulsubstance.新穎的(2)In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria.目標(biāo)(3)“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage，butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand，”MrTittermansaid.“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)(小股)氣流Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1．Committed(commit)toscientificresearchtoagreatextent，hecouldn’tspareanytimetogoonholiday.2．Apparently(apparent)，wecan’tjudgepeoplefromexternalappearances.3．Asagenius，notonlydoesheperformwellacademically(academic)butalsoartistically.4．Jackwasn’tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathimasifhehaddone(do)someoddthings.5．Tosumup，wecantackletheprobleminthisscientificmanner.6．Fromtheproofwehavegathered，wecanindeeddrawaconclusion(conclude)thathehasbrokenthelaw.7．InsistingthatTomhadstolen(steal)hercar，theoldtailorinsistedthathe(should)besent(send)toprison.8．Theprofessorconductedaseriesofscientific(science)experimentsandmaderemarkablediscoveries.9．Wetriedtofindatableforseven，butasamatteroffact，theywerealltakenup.10．Under/Innocircumstanceswillmymotherpermitmetogooutaloneatnight.2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ改編,你校正在組織英語(yǔ)作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.人物簡(jiǎn)介；2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。完成句子1．我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔，他終生致力于治愈病人的疾病。(becommittedto；定語(yǔ)從句)2．在任何情況下，他都不會(huì)向困難屈服，也不會(huì)放棄他的病人。(circumstance)3．自從他就職以來(lái)，他一直全心全意為病人服務(wù)。(takeupaposition)4．在他看來(lái)，幫助病人從疾病中康復(fù)是他的職責(zé)。(it作形式主語(yǔ))5．一聽說(shuō)患者急需幫助，他就會(huì)毫不猶豫地援助他們。(Upon/Ondoing...)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和過(guò)渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.Theymaybeourteachers，parentsoroneofourelders.Asforme，thepersonIrespectmostismyunclewhoiscommittedtocuringpatientsoftheirdiseasesallhislife.Myuncleisdeterminedandconsiderate，andundernocircumstancesdoeshegiveintodifficultiesorgiveuphispatients.Eversincehetookupapositionasadoctor，hehasbeenservingallthepatientsheartandsoul.Inhisopinion，itishisresponsibilitytohelppatientsrecoverfromillnesses.Upon/Onhearingthathispatientsareinneedofhelp，hewillcometotheirassistancewithouthesitation.ThisismyunclewhomIrespectandlovemost.教材語(yǔ)料整合亮詞[動(dòng)作描寫]commitoneselfto；obtain；acknowledge；defeat；insiston；cometopower；encounter；mourn[人物描寫]committed；academic；genius；gentle；passion→passionate；extraordinary；moustache；peculiarity；remarkable美句1.TuYouyou，acommittedandpatientscientist，wasborninNingbo，China，on30December1930，andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.(人物描寫)2.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.(主旨升華)3.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius；hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.(人物描寫)4.Tothepublic，hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.(人物描寫)5.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair，whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.(比喻)拓展語(yǔ)料積累外貌細(xì)節(jié)描寫：身材、皮膚單詞skinnyadj.皮包骨的；slimadj.苗條的；stoutadj.肥胖的；overweightadj.超重的，過(guò)度肥胖的；wellbuiltadj.身強(qiáng)力壯的，體格健美的；middle-sizedadj.中等身材的；wrinkledadj.有皺紋的；freckledadj.有雀斑的；ruddyadj.紅潤(rùn)的；darkadj.黝黑的；fairadj.白皙的；sunburnedadj.曬得黝黑而好看的詞塊askinny/slimfigure瘦削/苗條的身材；ahandsome/strikingfigure儀表堂堂；awellbuiltperson身材魁梧的人；amanwithabigbelly大腹便便的人；apersonwithanaveragebuild中等身材的人；aladywalkingingrace走路優(yōu)雅的女士；ofmedium/averageheight中等身高；sun-kissedskin曬黑的皮膚；weather-beatenface飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉句型1.Beforeuswasagentleoldladywhosewrinkledfaceformedaportraitofbeauty.站在我們面前的是一位溫文爾雅的老太太，她那布滿皺紋的臉卻無(wú)比的美麗。2.Thereisstillaheartoflovingbeautyunderherwrinkledface.在她布滿皺紋的臉龐下仍有一顆愛美的心。3.Shesatthere，speechlessandnumbwithshock.Sherememberedhermother’sfamiliarfaceandweather-beatenhands.她坐在那里，說(shuō)不出話來(lái)，嚇得麻木了。她想起母親那張熟悉的面孔和她飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的雙手。4.Sheretainsherslimfigureandisfreeofwrinkles.她保持著苗條的身材，臉上也沒(méi)有皺紋。5.Hewasofaverageheightandaveragebuild，withmousyhairandaforgettableface.他中等身高，中等身材，留著灰褐色頭發(fā)，長(zhǎng)著一張過(guò)目即忘的臉。6.Afigureinabluedressappearedinthedoorway.一個(gè)穿著藍(lán)色連衣裙的身影出現(xiàn)在門口。7.Jennyisprettyandofslimbuild，withblueeyes.珍妮非常漂亮，身材苗條，有一雙藍(lán)色的眼睛。語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用杰出人物Indeed，①hissunburnedface，armsandhisslimbutstrongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.He②committedallhislifetostudyingrice.Healways③insistedonhisdreamandwouldn’t④acknowledgedefeatwhateverdifficultiesheencountered.⑤Acknowledgedasoneofthegreatestscientists(分詞作狀語(yǔ))inagriculture，YuanLongpingpassedawayinChangshaonMay22,2021.Itwasdrizzlingasif⑥itweremourningthegreatlossofthegentleextraordinaryscientist(虛擬條件句)．Overcomewithsorrow，manyChinesepeoplecriedtheirheartsout，tearsflowingdowncheeksuncontrollably.事實(shí)上，他被曬黑的臉、手臂以及他瘦長(zhǎng)而結(jié)實(shí)的身體，就像數(shù)百萬(wàn)中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣，在過(guò)去的50年里，他一直在為他們奮斗。他畢生致力于研究水稻。他總是堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想，無(wú)論遇到什么困難都不會(huì)認(rèn)輸。袁隆平被公認(rèn)為農(nóng)業(yè)界最偉大的科學(xué)家之一，于2021年5月22日在長(zhǎng)沙去世。細(xì)雨蒙蒙，仿佛在哀悼失去了這位溫和非凡的科學(xué)家。許多中國(guó)人悲痛欲絕，眼淚情不自禁地順著臉頰往下流。高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A★Acrosstheworld，youngpeopleareshapingthefutureinmanyfields.Theirideasaretransformingcommunitiesandsociety.Here’salookattheachievementsoffourinspirationalyoungleaders.KwiriYangKwiriisthefounderandCEOofLifeGyde，anonlineplatformforyoungpeopletoseekadvice，guidanceandsupport.Shehasanimpressivetrackrecordofsupportingindividualsandsmallbusinesses.ShefirsthelpedimmigrantownersofsmallbusinessesinCalifornia.Whenshedevelopedanxietyanddepression，Kwirirealizedhowmanypeople，likeher，werestrugglingwiththeirmentalhealth—andLifeGydewasborn.AbiRamananAbiistheco-founderandCEOofImpactVision，asoftwareplatformthatusesmachinelearningtoreducefoodwaste.ImpactVision’stechnologyusesdigitalimagingtotakeapictureoffoodandanalyzeitsnutritionalvalueandfreshness.Thesystemaimstoreducewastewhilealsoimprovingfoodsafety.Astechnologyadvances，thesensorsitusesarereducinginsizeandprice，andcouldsoonbeintegratedintoeverydaydevices.OanaToiuOanaisthefounderandgeneralmanagerofSocialInnovationSolutions，whichofferstrainingandconsultancyinsocialinnovation.She’salsoontheBoardofDirectorsofTheEntrepreneurshipAcademy，wherestudentsworkinteams，learningaboutbusinessbyrunningrealbusinessesundertheguidanceofateamcoach.DoreenKessyDoreenisCEOofUbongo，amulti-mediaeducationalplatforminAfrica.Usingthepowerofentertainmentandmassmedia，thecompanyprovideseducationalmaterialatlowcostandhighvolume.Some6.4millionhouseholdsin31countriescurrentlywatch，listenandlearnfromUbongo’scartoonseachweek，withimprovedoutcomesinmathsandschoolreadiness.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四位在不同領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生積極影響的青年領(lǐng)袖的成就。1.WhatisKwiriYang’sachievement?A．Shefoundacureformentaldiseases.B．Sheestablishedacompanyonimmigration.C．Shesupportedtheyoungintheirmentalhealth.D．Shesetupanonlinelearningplatformforkids.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KwiriYang中的“Whenshedevelopedanxietyanddepression，Kwirirealizedhowmanypeople，likeher，werestrugglingwiththeirmentalhealth—andLifeGydewasborn.”可知，Kwiri的成就是她在心理健康方面幫助年輕人。故選C。2．WhichfielddoesAbiRamanan’splatformmainlyfocuson?A．Healthcare. B．Education.C．Technology. D．Foodsafety.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AbiRamanan中的“ImpactVision’stechnologyusesdigitalimagingtotakeapictureoffoodandanalyzeitsnutritionalvalueandfreshness.Thesystemaimstoreducewastewhilealsoimprovingfoodsafety.”可知，AbiRamanan的平臺(tái)主要關(guān)注食品安全領(lǐng)域。故選D。3．Whatdothesefourpeopleshareincommon?A．Theyareyoung，energeticandwealthy.B．Theycreatejobsformanyyoungpeople.C．Theymadecontributionstocommunities.D．Theyencouragedtheyoungtodobusiness.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theirideasaretransformingcommunitiesandsociety.Here’salookattheachievementsoffourinspirationalyoungleaders.”及全文可知，這四個(gè)人的共同點(diǎn)是他們都對(duì)社會(huì)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。B★Well-knownauthorandHenricoresidentMegMedina，whowonthe2019NewberyMedal，todaywasnamedNationalAmbassadorforYoungPeople’sLiteraturefor2023－2024.Medina’smostrecentbook，MerciSuárezPlaysItCool，waspublishedinAugust2022，concludinghermiddle-schooltrilogy(三部曲)．Medina，whohasalsowrittenpicturebooksandfictionforolderteens，willtravelthroughouttheUSA，sharingherplatform“Cuéntame?。篖et’sTalkBooks”．Medinawillmeetwithchildrenateverygradelevelforconversationsaboutthebookstheylovetoread，encouragingthemtomovebeyondtalkingaboutabook’stitleandbasicplotpointstohowitmadethemfeelorhowit’ssimilar—ordissimilar—totheirownlives.TheambassadorprogramismainlysponsoredbytheLibraryofCongress.ClaySmith，directoroflibraryinitiativesfortheLibraryofCongress，saysambassadorshavetobeabletospeaktoothersaboutreadingandwritingandtocommunicatewithchildreninparticular.That’swhereMedinashines，hesays.“Sheknowshowkidsthinkandhowtheytalk，”Smithsays.“She’sabletoaccesswhat’shappeningwithkidstoday.”Smithsaysthatsincetheturnofthecentury，there’sbeenasurgeinliteratureforchildren，firstatthehighschoollevelandthenduringthemiddleschoolreaders.Additionally，there’realsoalargerdiversityofauthorswritingforchildren，whichleadstoplotlinesandcharactersthatmoreaccuratelyreflectthecountryasawhole.“There’sbeenapushfordiversity，”Smithsays.“Theoptionsshouldbeoutthereforchildrentoreadstoriesaboutpeoplewholooklikethem.”Medinaagreeschildrenshouldbeempoweredtochoosethebookstheywanttoreadforpleasure.Shehopestheconversationsshehaswithchildrenaboutbookscreatethesamesatisfactionshefeltasachild，whileencouragingmorediscussion.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了著名作家MegMedina被任命為2023－2024年度全國(guó)青年文學(xué)大使，她將走遍美國(guó)各地，分享她的平臺(tái)——“Cuéntame?。篖et’sTalkBooks”。4．Whatareteensmainlyexpectedtofocusonduringthetalksaboutbooks?A．Thebasicplotpointsofthebooks.B．Theiropinionsonthebooks’titles.C．Theirfeelingsaboutthebooks.D．Themaincontentsofthebooks.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Medinawillmeetwithchildrenateverygradelevelforconversationsaboutthebookstheylovetoread，encouragingthemtomovebeyondtalkingaboutabook’stitleandbasicplotpointstohowitmadethemfeelorhowit’ssimilar—ordissimilar—totheirownlives.”可知，在關(guān)于書籍的討論中，青少年被期待重點(diǎn)關(guān)注他們對(duì)所讀的書的感受，故選C。5．WhyisMedinafittobetheambassadoraccordingtoClaySmith?A．Sheisabletorelatetochildren.B．Sheisgiftedatwriting.C．Shetakesgoodcareofchildren.D．Sheknowsalotofauthors.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ClaySmith，directoroflibraryinitiativesfortheLibraryofCongress，saysambassadorshavetobeabletospeaktoothersaboutreadingandwritingandtocommunicatewithchildreninparticular.That’swhereMedinashines，hesays.”以及該段最后兩句可推知，Medina適合擔(dān)任大使的原因是她能和孩子們交往。故選A。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surge”inparagraph4mean?A．Demand. B．Discovery.C．Decrease. D．Growth.答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞下文和“Additionally，there’realsoalargerdiversityofauthorswritingforchildren，whichleadstoplotlinesandcharactersthatmoreaccuratelyrefle