第四周英語閱讀

WhiteHouse'sTestimony'Guidance'

Sep19,201111:44PMEDT

Firstitwasafour-stargeneral,andnowafederalagencyofficialsaysthe

WhiteHousesoughtchangestohistestimonyonawirelessprojecttied

toaprominentDemocraticdonor.EliLakereports.

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PhilipFalcone,thebillionairepoliticaldonorwhosehedgefundownsamajority

financialstakeinthesatellite-wirelesscompanyLightSquared,sayshetold

anyoneinthefederalgovernmentwillingtolistenthattestinghiscompany's

signalforGPSinterferenceoncommercialandmilitaryequipment"shouldnot

takethatlong."

"Everythingisalreadysetup,thelabsaresetup.Allweneedarethelistof

devicesthatneedtobetested.Wehavebeentellingthepeoplewhoare

askingforthetestingofthisformonthsnow,"hesaidinaninterviewMonday.

NotallthebureaucratswhodealwithGPSforthemilitaryandthefederal

governmentagreed.Still,theWhiteHouse'sOfficeofManagementand

BudgeturgedfederalofficialstestifyingbeforetwoHouseoversighthearingsin

thelastmonthtosaytheyhopedtestingforGPSandLightSquared

interferencewouldtakeonly90days,accordingtointerviews.

TheDailyBeastobtainedtheparagraphtheOMBaskedgovernment

witnessestoinsertintotheirrecentcongressionaltestimony,whichsaysinpart,

"Wehopethattestingcanbecompletewithin90days."

TheissueofLightSquaredandtheOMB'sinterestintestimonycametolight

lastweekwhenTheDailyBeastreportedthatGen.WilliamShelton,the

four-stargeneralinchargeoftheAirForceSpaceCommand,toldHouse

lawmakersinaclassifiedbriefingthathefeltpressuredbytheWhiteHouseto

changehistestimonyonLightSquared.SheltonultimatelyrejectedtheWhite

Housesuggestionsanddeliveredhisowntestimonylastweek.

"Wedidnotaskforanyspecialfavorsandwehavenotaskedforanyspecial

handouts,andconsequentlydidnotreceiveanyspecialfavorsorhandouts,"

Falconesaid.

AnthonyRusso,NationalCoordinationOffice,Space-BasedPositioning,

NavigationandTimingatNOAA,testifiesonCapitolHillinWashington,Sept.

15,2011LaurenVictoriaBurke/APPhoto

OnMonday,asecondwitness,AnthonyRusso,directoroftheNational

CoordinationOfficeforSpace-BasedPositioning,Navigation,andTiming,told

TheDailyBeastthathetoowasaskedbytheOMBtoinsertthe90-day

timeframeintohistestimonybeforetheHouseScienceCommittee,buthe

refused.ThehearingoriginallywasscheduledforAug.3,thenrescheduledfor

Sept.8。

"Theygavethattomeandpresumablytheotherwitnesses,"hesaid.llThereis

onesentenceIdisagreedwith,whichsaidthatIthoughtthetestingcouldbe

resolvedin90days.SoItookitout."

Russosaidheobjectedtothatlanguagebecause"Ihavelowconfidencethat

wecancompleteallofthetestingin90days."Heestimatedthatsuchtesting

wouldtakeatleastsixmonths.RussocalledtheWhiteHouseeffortstoalter

histestimony"guidanceratherthanpressure."

HouseRepublicansnowwanttoknowwhetherLightSquaredhasreceived

specialtreatmentbecauseFalconeandhiswifehavemadetensofthousands

ofdollarsincontributionsinthelastfewyearstotheDemocraticparty.The

WhiteHousehassaidtheprocessforvettingShelton'stestimonywasroutine.

AndFalconeandLightSquaredhavedeniedgettinganyspecialtreatment.

LightSquaredalsohastoldCongressandregulatorsthatthestrengthofits

signalwasapprovedinthemid2000sbyaRepublican-ledFederal

CommunicationsCommissionandthatitsproposaltoconvertitssatellite

licensetooneforterrestrialmobilewirelessdeviceswouldnotchangethese

interferenceissues.

Nonetheless,theissueofthetimelinefortestingiscrucialtoLightSquared,

whichwantstobuildanewwirelessbroadbandserviceonaspectrumcloseto

GPSsignalsaspartofPresidentObama'smandatetoexpandwirelessaccess

forAmericans.

"TheFCCmandatedthemostaggressivebuild-outinthehistoryof

telecommunications,"Falconesaid."Weexpectthatwewillhaveconsumers

onthisnetworkbythesecondhalfof2012."

EricSchultz,aWhiteHousespokesman,saidtheOMBreviewofthewitness

testimonywasroutineandnotdesignedtocurrypoliticalfavor,andthatallthe

witnesseswereallowedtoraisetheirconcernsabouttheLightSquaredproject.

"EveryadministrationwitnesstestifyingateveryhearingonLightSquaredhas

beenexplicitinidentifyingtheproblemsitwouldcauseforGPS,andthat

LightSquaredshouldnotbeallowedtomoveforwardunlessthoseinterference

issuesareresolved,"hesaid."IfOMBprofessionalsweremakingsurethat

testimonybeforeCongresswasconsistentwithadministrationpolicy,that

meanstheyweredoingtheirjobsbecauseOMBreviewsandclearsallagency

communicationswithCongress,includingtestimony,toensureconsistencyin

theadministration'spolicypositions."

HaroldFurchtgott-Roth,aformerRepublican-appointedFCCcommissioner,

saiditwashighlyunusualtoputatimelineonthekindsoftechnicaltests

discussedintheOMBparagraph.

Primarilythesetypesoftestssometimeshaveafiniteendandsometimesthey

don't,"hesaid."Sometimestheygoonforlongperiodsoftime.Topicka

numberandsaythetestshavetoendbyacertaindateisnotconsistentwith

commissionprecedent.Secondly,youdon'tknowwhatyouwillfindwhenyou

dothetest;youcan'tpredeterminethatyouwillabsolutelybefinishedafter90

days."

Rep.PaulBroun(R-GA),thechairmanoftheHouseScienceCommittee's

subcommitteeonInvestigationsandOversight,saidhewastroubledthatfour

outofthefivegovernmentwitnessesbeforehisSept.8hearinghad"identical

languageintheirwrittentestimonyreflectingtheadministration'sviewofthe

LightSquaredproject.Thelanguagediminishedtheotherwiseblunt

assessmentsthewitnessesarticulatedduringthehearingwhenpressedby

committeemembers."

Lastweek,theCenterforPublicIntegrityfirstreportedabatchofemails

betweenLightSquaredexecutivesandstaffersoftheWhiteHouseOfficeof

ScienceandTechnologyPolicy(OSTP).Thenonprofitinvestigativejournalism

organizationreportedthatLightSquaredCEOSanjivAhujametwiththechief

ofstaffforOSTPjusteightdaysbeforeFalconeandhiswifegave$30,400

eachtotheDemocraticSenatorialCampaignCommittee(DSCC).Ahujaalso

contributed$30,400totheDemocraticParty,thoughhemadethesame

contributiontotheRepublicanPartyin2009.

FalconetoldTheDailyBeasthemadethedonationstotheDSCCbecausehis

wifewashostingafundraiserforwomeninpolitics."Sheaskedmeto

contribute,"hesaid."IfIhadsaidno,allhellwouldhavebrokenloose."Healso

saidinaseparateinterviewwithFoxNewsthathewasaregistered

Republican.

FalconehadonemeetingwithanofficialfromtheOSTP,hetoldTheDaily

Beast.HealsosaidhemetwithFCCChairmanJuliusGenachowskiin

September2009.uldidnotwanttheFCCtobesurprised,"hesaid.,lltwasa

kindofinandoutthing."

FalconesaidhedoesnotbelievehehasreceivedanyfavorsfromtheWhite

House.*1metinSeptemberof2009withsomebodyfromtheOfficeofScience

andTechnology.InevermetObamaandInevermethisadvisers,"hesaid.

"Thediscussionwasaroundwirelessinthemarketplaceandsomeofthe

thingswewerethinkingandsomeofthedifferentthingsweweredoing."

"Wedidnotaskforanyspecialfavorsandwehavenotaskedforanyspecial

handouts,andconsequentlydidnotreceiveanyspecialfavorsorhandouts,"

hesaid.

Furchtgott-RothquestionedtheprocessbywhichtheFCCgrantedawaiverto

LightSquaredsothatitmayuseitsinitiallicenseforsatellitebandwidthto

serviceterrestrialmobiledevices."InJanuarythecommissionsaid

LightSquaredcoulduseitslicenseforexclusiveterrestrialpurposes,"hesaid.

"ThatdecisionfromJanuarywasanunprecedentedandsurprising

development.Thattheywouldmakethisdecisionatthebureaulevelandnot

atthefullcommissionlevelisjuststunning."

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Forinquiries,pleasecontactTheDailyBeastateditorial@.

GOPs'ClassWarfare'Sham

Sep19,20119:52PMEDT

TheGOPcallsit'classwarfare,'butthepresident'sproposaltoraise

taxesonmillionairesisactuallyamovetowardfairnessandfiscalsanity,

saysMichaelTomasky.

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?247

Thebiggestprobleminourpoliticsforthelast30yearshasbeen…what?Fillin

theblank.Toomuchspending?Debttofuturegenerations?Culturalpolitics?

Noneofthose.Plainandsimple:taxes.Theanti-taxrevoltthatstartedin1978in

California(Proposition13)hasdestroyedthiscountry.Ourtaxophobiahasmade

therichvastlyricherandreducedtheamountofmoneyforthepublicbenefitsthe

restofusdependon,andahundredotherhorriblethingsbesides.IfI'vewritten

onesentenceovertheyearsmorethananyother,it'sthesentencethatgoes

somethinglike,"Democratswillnevermovethecountryintheirdirectionagain

untiltheycanchangethedebatearoundtaxes."Well—themomenthasarrived.

BarackObamahasproposedahighertaxonhouseholdsinwhich$1millionor

moreperyearisearned.That'sconsiderablylessthanthetop1percentofU.S.

households,whichstartsataround$388,000perannum.Wedon'tyetknow

whatthenewratewillbe,orhowmuchitwillraise.Isupposewecanpresume

that,sinceitwillbeknownas"theBuffettRule"afterthesuggestionsofWarren

Buffett,theplanw川includetaxingcapitalgainsandcarriedinterestatthe

samerate(formillionairesonly,thatis,notformiddle-incomeWallStreet

dice-rollers)asregularincome.Regularincomeatthathighlevelisnowtaxed

at35percent,whilecapitalgainsarecurrentlytaxedat15percent,buta

comprehensivepackagewouldprobablysettlebothratessomewhereinthe

middle.Soinotherwords,whenitallcomesoutofthewash,taxeswillgoup

bynotallthatmuchonlessthanonehalfof1percentofthepopulation.

It'sasmartmovepolitically(finally!).AnothersentenceI'vewrittenalotover

theyearsistheonewhereIcomplainthattheDemocratshavefallenintoa

GOPtrapbyagreeingeventohavethedebateontaxesbeabouthouseholds

at$250,000ayearormore.That'sjust2percentofthepopulation,ormaybe3,

butit'sstillatougherargument.InnearlyanymajorcityinAmerica,a

high-schoolprincipalmarriedtopolicesergeant,bothwithenoughyears'

seniority,easilymake$250,000together.Soalotofpeoplewhostillthinkof

themselvesasmiddleclassthink:"Me?Whypenalizeme?"Butamillion?No

principalsaremakingthat.Notmanysmallbusinesspeoplearemaking

that—youknow,thefolkstheRepublicanssaythey'rewatchingoutfor,aline

theycouldalsokinda-sortagetawaywithwhenweweretalking$250,000.But

amillionayear:That'strulytherich.

ThistaxfightwillbethegreattestoftheObamapresidency.Allelse—stimulus,

bailouts,financialreform,evenhealthcare-wasprelude.

PresidentBarackObamagestureswhilespeakingintheRoseGardenofthe

WhiteHouseinWashington,Sept.19,2011EvanVucci/APPhoto

Andyet!It'sstill"classwarfare,"saidPaulRyanSunday.Hewenton:It"may

makeforreallygoodpolitics,butitmakesforrotteneconomics.Wedon'tneed

asystemthatseekstodividepeople.Wedon'tneedasystemthatseeksto

preyonpeople'sfear,envy,andanxiety.Weneedasystemthatcreatesjobs

andinnovation,andremovesthesebarriersforentrepreneurstogooutand

rehirepeople.I'mafraidthesekindsoftaxincreasesdon'twork."

Ishestupid,aliar,orsomethingevenmoremalevolent,amorallydiseased

ogrewhosecretlybelieveswithhisdeliriousmentorMs.Rosenbaumthatthe

richdeserveeveryhandoutgovernmentcanofferthem?Firstofall,heis

(sadly)wrongwithhisfirstsentence.WhatObamaistryingtodoherehas

unfortunatelynotmadeforgoodpoliticsforthelast30yearsinthiscountry.

Butithashappenedonceortwice—well,once—andwhenitdid,itmadefor

quitegoodeconomics.Underwhatrecentpresidentwastheeconomy

strongest?BillClinton.Underwhatrecentpresidentweretaxratesthehighest?

BillClinton.Idon'tclaimdirectcauseandeffect.Ahundredfactorsaffect

economicperformance.ButIcertainlyandemphaticallyclaimthatrecent

historydisprovesRyan'slastsentencetosuchanextentthathecan'tpossibly

betakenseriously.

Andyet,histalkingpointhas,exceptfortheoneClintonepisodefrom1993,

stoppedDemocratscoldforthreedecades.Now,crunchtimehasarrived.

Obamahastowinthisfightontaxes.I'mtoldthatintheWhiteHouse,they

finallyunderstandthattryingtocompromisewiththeseRepublicansisamug's

game.ObamagrandlythreatenedMondaytovetoanydeficit-reductionbillthat

didn'tincludetaxhikesonthewealthy.Itwillprobablynevercometothat.The

DemocraticSenatewouldn'tpassabillhe'devenhavetoveto.

Whatithopefullywillcometoisthis:Nodeficit-reductionbillpassesbecause

Republicanswon'traisetaxesonmillionaires.Obamaridesthistoreelection.

TheDemocratskeeptheSenateandpickupHouseseatsbecauseofthis

issue,andtheyscareafewRepublicansintovotingwiththem.Obamawins

thisargumentsometimein2013.Thatwillbethefirsttimein20yearsthat

taxesonanyonehavegoneup.

ThistaxfightwillbethegreattestoftheObamapresidency.Allelse—stimulus,

bailouts,financialreform,evenhealthcare—wasprelude.Thetaxdebateis

themoneyshot.Ifhewinsthisone,allthefailures,eventhecalamitous

debt-ceilingagreement,canbeforgiven.Mr.President:Showusthemoney.

LikeTheDailyBeastonFacebookandfollowusonTwitterforupdatesallday

long.

Newsweek/DaWyBeastspecialcorrespondentMichaelTomaskyisalsoeditor

ofDemocracy:AJournalofIdeas.

Forinquiries,pleasecontactTheDailyBeastateditorial@.

ManufacturingGroupLowersForecast

JosephBonney|Sep20,20113:03PMGMT

TheJournalofCommerceOnline-NewsStory

?Warehousing/Distribution|

?Economy|

?Logistics+Economy|

?UnitedStates

Saysmanufacturinggrowthwillcontinuetooutpaceoveralleconomicgains

Aquarterlysurveyoffactoryproductionlowereditsforecastthrough2012but

expectsmanufacturingtocontinuetooutpacesluggishgrowthintheoverall

economy.

TheManufacturersAlliance/MAPIreduceditsforecastgrowthinfactory

productionto4percentthisyearand3percentin2012.MAPI'smostrecent

forecastinMayhadbeen6percentthisyearand4percentnextyear.

Evenattheloweredforecast,manufacturingwilloutperformGDPgrowth,

whichMAPIestimateswillbe1.6percentin2011and2.1percentin2012.

Quarter-to-quartergrowthinindustrialproductionwasrelativelyflatinthe

secondquarterafterrisingata7percentannualrateinthefirstquarter.

.BytheNumbers:ISMMonthlyU.S.ManufacturinaIndesVs.LS.M.U.S.

ProductionIndex

"Anumberofshocksadverselyaffectedtheeconomyandthemanufacturing

sectorinthefirsthalfof2011,"saidDanielJ.Meckstroth,MAPIchief

economistandauthoroftheanalysis."Abnormaleventsincludedsevere

winterweatherandspringflooding,theJapanesetsunami'seffectonthe

supplychain,highcommodityprices(particularlyfoodandoil)andasurgein

homeforeclosures."

Onthepositiveside,hecitedincreasedductionamidlowinventories,

anddeclinesinfoodandoilprices.Plus,therewasgrowthintheproductionof

energy-andmedical-relatedgoods,andequipmentandindustrial-oriented

machinerymanufacturing."Businessequipmentproductionshouldbeadriver

ofmanufacturinggrowthinthesecondhalfofthisyear,"Meckstrothsaid.

MAPI'sreportprovidedeconomicforecastsfor24ofthe27industriescovered

inthereport.MAPIanticipatesthat18ofthe24industrieswillshowgainsin

2011,ledbyengine,turbine,andpowertransmissionequipmentwith23

percentgrowth.Oneindustry,pharmaceuticalsandmedicine,willremainflat,

thereportsaid.

Improvementshouldcontinuein2012withgrowthlikelyin23of24industries,

ledbyhousingstartsat17percent,albeitfromdepressedlevels.Publicworks

constructionistheonlyindustryexpectedtodecline,by5percent,in2012.

ChangesAskedbyMaerskCEOWillTakeYears

PeterT.Leach|Sep7,20112:50PMGMT

TheJournalofCommerceOnline-NewsStory

?Technology|

?ContainerShipping

Shippers,Maerskfocusonusingtechnologytoeasecargobooking,shipment

tracking

ThechangesincontainerindustrypracticescalledforbyMaerskLineCEO

EivindKoldingwilltakeyears,accordingtoshippersandMaerskLinewhoare

gettingreadydiscussanewwaytodobusinessinthenextfewmonths.

Representativesofthe60bigglobalimportersandexportersthataremembers

oftheGTNexusShipperCouncilaresettinaupmeetinaswithMaerskLine

and30othertopoceancarrierstodiscussimprovingtheirelectronic

communicationstoeasecargobookingandshipmenttracking.

"Wezeroedinonthetechnologypart,becausewesaid'thisissomethingwe

canworkwithyouMaerskonandweencouragefurtheranddeeperdialogue',"

saidPatrickHalloran,directorofglobaltradeandlogisticsatCardinalHealth

andchairmanoftheShipperCouncil.

MaerskLinesaidthedialoguewithshippersislikelytobeonlythebeginningof

alongprocess."It'snoteasytochangethewaythingshavebeendoneyear

afteryear,evenwhenbothcarriersandshippersagreethattheindustryneeds

t。chanaeRsoperatinamodel.Thisisanoldindustry,"saidTimothyO'Connell,

seniordirectoroftradeandmarketingforMaerskLineUSA.

"WhatgoesoninChinaisdifferentfromwhatgoesonintheU.S.andEurope,"

saidHalloran.Buthesaidtheinformationisthesame."Thekeyishowcanwe

leveragetheITplatformswebothhaveinplacetogettheinformationweall

needthroughouttheshippingprocessmoreefficientlyandusablewithout

creatingexpensivecustomizedsolutionsforeachcustomerorcarrier."

AfghanPeaceCouncilChiefKilledinAttackonHisHome

ByALISSAJ.RUBINandRICKGLADSTONE

Published:September20,2011

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MARTHA

KABUL,Afghanistan-AnunidentifiedattackeronTuesdaykilledtheleader

ofAfghanistan'sHighPeaceCouncil,aformerpresidentofthecountrywhose

mainresponsibilitywasnegotiatingapoliticalendtothewarwiththeTaliban.

Theassassinationwasaseriousblowtoanynotionofreconciliationwiththe

Taliban.

EnlargeThisImage

S.Sabawoon/EuropeanPressphotoAgency

BurhanuddinRabbani,formerAfghanpresidentandnowtheheadoftheHigh

PeaceCouncil,inKabul,Afghanistan,inMay2011.

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Shareyourthoughts.

PostaComment?

Afghanofficialssaidthepeacecouncilleader,formerPresidentBurhanuddin

Rabbani,waslikelykilledbyasuicidebomberinornearhisheavilyguarded

homeintheAfghancapital,Kabul.TheassassinationcoincidedwithPresident

HamidKarzai'svisittotheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly,wherehewas

scheduledtoconferwithPresidentObamaaboutthewar,andtherewere

unconfirmedreportsthatMr.Karzaiwascuttingshorthisvisittoreturn

home.

Atleastthreeotherpeoplewerewoundedintheattack,Afghaniofficialssaid.

MinistersoftheAfghangovernmentracedtothesceneandstreetswereclosed

offnearMr.Rabbani'shome.

"Thisisnotgoodforthepeaceprocess/9saidamemberofparliamentonthe

defensecommittee,ShukriaBarakzai,oneofthefewwomenmembersofthe

legislature,whowascryingasshespokeinreactiontothenews.

ReutersquotedHashmatullahStanikzai,apolicespokesmaninBCabul,as

sayingthekillerwasprobablyasuicideattacker.

Mr.Rabbani,whoonceledapowerfulresistancegroupduringtheSoviet

occupationofAfghanistaninthe1980s,waspresidentinthe1990sfollowing

theSovietwithdrawal.

HewaskilledaweekafterTalibaninsurgentsorchestratedasurpriseattack

onseveralKabulneighborhoodsthatdemonstratedtheseemingeasewith

whichtheycanstrikedespiteambitiouseffortsbytheAmerican-ledNATO

forcesheretoimprovesecurityandpersuadeTalibaninsurgentstoengagein

negotiationstoendthewar.

TheTalibanattackshavecalledintoquestionthebasicreadinessofPresident

Karzai'sforcestoassumesecurityinthecountryastheforeignmilitaryforces

graduallywithdraw,astheyhavepledgedtodobytheendof2014.

AUssaJ.RubinreportedfromKabul,Afghanistan,andRickGladstonefrom

NewYork.SangarRahimicontributedreportingfromKabul.

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TheWildDolphinProject:For25years,DeniseHerzinghasreturnedtothe

sameplaceintheBahamastostudyagroupofwilddolphins.Nextyear,she

willpioneeraprojecttocommunicatewiththem.

ByERIKOLSEN

Published:September19,2011

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MARTHA

OFFTHEBAHAMAS一Inaremotepatchofturquoisesea,DeniseL.Herzing

splashesintothewaterwithapodof15Atlanticspotteddolphins.Forthenext

45minutes,sheengagesthecuriouscreaturesinagameofkeep-away,usinga

pieceofSargassumseaweedlikeadog'schewtoy.

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Dr.Herzingisnotouristcavortingwithmarinemammals.Astheworld's

leadingauthorityonthespecies,shehasbeenstudyingthedolphinsfor25

yearsaspartoftheWildDolphinProject,thelongest-runningunderwater

studyofitskind.

Tmkindofanold-schoolnaturalist/9shesaid."Ireallybelieveinimmersing

yourselfintheenvironmentoftheanimal.

Immerseherselfshehas.BasedinJupiter,Fla.,shehastrackedthree

generationsofdolphinsinthisarea.Sheknowseveryanimalbyname,along

withindividualpersonalitiesandlifehistories.Shehascapturedmuchoftheir

livesonvideo,whichsheisusingtobuildagrowingdatabase.

AndnextyearDr.Herzingplanstobeginanewphaseofherresearch,

somethingshesayshasbeenalifetimegoal:real-timetwo-way

communication,inwhichdolphinstaketheinitiativetointeractwithhumans.

Uptonow,dolphinshaveshownthemselvestobeadeptatrespondingto

humanprompts,withfoodasarewardforperformingatask."It'srarethatwe

askdolphinstoseeksomethingfromus,"Dr.Herzingsaid.

Butifsheisright,thedolphinswillseektocommunicatewithhumans,and

therewardwillbesocialinteractionitself,withdolphinsandhumansperhaps

developingacrudevocabularyforobjectsandactions.

Otherscientistsareexcitedbytheproject.66'Mind-blowing9doesn'tdojustice

tothepossibilitiesoutthere,“saidAdamPack,acetaceanresearcheratthe

UniversityofHawaiiatHiloandanoccasionalcollaboratorwithDr.Herzing.

“You'vegotcrystal-clearwarmwater,nolandinsightandaninterestbythis

communityofdolphinsofengagingwithhumans.M

Howfarwilldolphinsgotoengage?

"Thekeyisgoingtobecomingupwithasysteminwhichthedolphinswantto

communicate,5,saidStanKuczaj,directoroftheMarineMammalBehavior

andCognitionLaboratoryattheUniversityofSouthernMississippi.<4Ifthey

don'tcare,itwon'twork.^^

Dr.Kuczajdevelopedanearlytwo-waycommunicationsystemwhileworking

atacaptivelabinOrlandointhelate1980s.Thesystemreliedonvisual

symbols,notsound,andusedalargestationarykeyboardthatprovedtobe

toocumbersome.

Buthesaysthattheeffortgavehimconfidencethatsuchasystemcouldwork

andthatDr.Herzingis''definitelytheclosesttogettingthere.^^

“Ifitworks,Mhesaid,"it'llbeahugestepforward.

Dr.Herzing'sworkhasbeencomparedtothatofJaneGoodall,whosestudies

ofchimpanzeesalsoentaileddecadesofobservationalfieldwork.

Bornin1957inSt.Cloud,Minn.,Dr.Herzingfirstencountereddolphinswhile

poringthroughbooksasachild,andsherealizedthattheanimalswouldbe

herlife'swork.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasyoung;herfather,asecurity

guard,encouragedherearlytoexplorethenaturalworld.

AftergraduatingfromOregonState,sheearnedamaster'sdegreefromSan

FranciscoStateandadoctorateinbehavioralbiologyandenvironmental

studiesfromtheUnionInstituteGraduateSchool,basedinCincinnati.

In1985,asaresearcherwiththeOceanicSociety,shefoundthisspotinthe

Bahamas,wheretheconditionsseemedperfectfordolphinobservation.That

yearshestartedtheWildDolphinProject,andbeganusingvideotodocument

dolphinsociety.

“Intheearlydays,itwashardtogettheanimalscomfortablewithus,“she

said."1oftenworkedinthewaterbymyself.Asmyeyedeveloped,Iwasable

tosay,OK.,here'sagoodsequence/AndIbecameabletoshootandkeepan

eyeonwhatelseisgoingonaround.^^

Theprojectislargelyfinancedbyfoundations,includingtheAnnenberg

Foundation.In2008,Dr.HerzingwasawardedaGuggenheimfellowship.

Backonherresearchvessel,a62-footcatamarancalledtheStenella(the

AtlanticspotteddolphinisStenellafrontalis),Dr.Herzingreviewsvideofrom

thedayandlogsmomentsofforaging,courtshipandplayintoagrowing

database.Withafewkeystrokesshe(andotherresearchers)cansummon25

yearsofvideoonaspecificbehavior-say,amotherforagingwithacalf,

whichcanlendgreatinsighttohowdolphinsteachtheirchildrentofindfood.

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"It'sincrediblyvaluable,saidLaelaSayigh,aresearchspecialistindolphin

communicationattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitute.

Dolphinsareknowntomakethreetypesofsounds:whistles,clicksandburst

pulses.