《英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)模塊》下冊(cè)Unit7Health.x省公開(kāi)課金獎(jiǎng)全國(guó)賽課一等獎(jiǎng)微課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unit7HEALTH健康綠色禁煙GREEN1/41Aims—KeyWords&UsefulExpressions1Aims—LanguageSkills&GrammarFocus2ProcedureOne—WarmingUp3ProcedureTwo—R·A·L·S4ProcedureThree—Writing5目錄CONTENTS2/41PART013/41Aims:KeyWordsandUsefulExpressions4/41PART025/41Aims:LanguageSkills&GrammarFocus6/41PART037/41吸煙有害健康情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀本單元重難點(diǎn)相關(guān)知識(shí)延伸當(dāng)前全世界共有煙民11億，每年死于吸煙相關(guān)疾病人高達(dá)400萬(wàn)，平均每秒鐘就有一個(gè)人死于吸煙相關(guān)疾病。據(jù)預(yù)計(jì)吸煙使美國(guó)成年人壽命平均降低14年。在因吸煙而死亡成年人中39.8%人死于癌癥，34.7%人死于血管性疾病，25.5%人死于呼吸道疾病。吸煙已成為嚴(yán)重危害健康、危害人類(lèi)生存環(huán)境、降低人們生活質(zhì)量、縮短人類(lèi)壽命緊迫問(wèn)題。為此聯(lián)合國(guó)確定每年5月31日為全球戒煙日，世界衛(wèi)生組織將吸煙行為稱(chēng)為二十世紀(jì)瘟疫。WarmingUp—Smokingisbadforyourhealth8/41遠(yuǎn)離香煙！為保護(hù)我們自己身體健康，為保護(hù)我們子孫后代，從我做起，從青少年做起，廣泛深入地開(kāi)展“限煙”、“無(wú)煙”宣傳：為大家健康請(qǐng)不要吸煙！WarmingUp—EmotionalAttitudesandValues9/41SMOKETheroomwasfullofcigarettesmoke.DANGEROUSWhatisdangerousisthatsmokersarelikelytobeaddicted.LEADTOSmokingherewillleadtoseriousresults.DISEASESecond-handsmokeisthecauseofmanydiseases.Inmanycountries,peoplecannotsmokeintheofficeanymoreandtheycannotsmokeevenwithinthebuilding.(在很多國(guó)家，人們?cè)谵k公室已經(jīng)不準(zhǔn)吸煙了，他們甚至在大樓內(nèi)都不能夠吸煙。)Cigarettesmokingisdangerousandeverycigaretteonesmokesshortenshis’slife.（吸煙是危險(xiǎn)，一個(gè)人吸每根香煙都在縮短著他生命。）Thepoisonouselementsinthesmokeraisebloodpressureandleadtoheartdisease.（香煙中有毒成份會(huì)造成血壓升高和心臟病。）WarmingUp—Keypointsofthisunit10/41二手煙是指由吸煙者吸煙時(shí)燃燒煙草所產(chǎn)生煙霧,當(dāng)空氣受到煙草煙霧污染時(shí),尤其處于密閉環(huán)境中,全部身處其中人都會(huì)吸入這種煙霧,不論是吸煙者還是非吸煙者都會(huì)身受其害。三手煙是指香煙發(fā)散、滯留在墻壁、家俱、衣服甚至頭發(fā)和皮膚上有害微粒和氣體。三手煙還被稱(chēng)為依附在墻壁、衣服、椅墊、地毯甚或吸煙者頭發(fā)和皮膚上隱形殺手。三手煙之所以不利于健康，因?yàn)樗亟饘佟⒅掳┪?、甚至輻射物質(zhì)，一旦嬰兒在爬行或玩樂(lè)時(shí)，抓到東西就往嘴里塞，可能所以受到三手煙之害。YESTOLIFE,NOTOCIGARETTE!WarmingUp—Somerelatedknowledge11/41PART0412/41READINGTHETEXTSmokingIsNotAllowedHereR--Reading13/41Reading--ReadingComprehensionQuestionOneCanpeoplesmokeinpublicnowinChina?QuestionThreeWhatcustomandhabitsarenotregardedto“healthyones”?QuestionTwoWhatcustomandhabitsdopeopleusuallyhave?QuestionFourWhatarethehazardsofsmokingonpeople’shealth?0102030414/41Q1Q2AnswersNo,theycannot.Smoking,drinking,playingcards,doingexercises,watchingTV,etc.15/41Q3Q4AnswersSmoking,drinkingarenothealthyhabits.Smokingcancausecancer–lungcancerormouthcanceranditcanalsocausetoothdiseaseandbadbreath.16/41Reading--ReadingComprehensionQuestionFiveWhatdamagesthatsmokingassaultsonsmoker’sbody?QuestionSevenWhatanotherpolitewayofsaying“Nosmoking”?QuestionSixWhysmokingdoesharmtopeoplewhodon’tsmoke?QuestionEightWhatshouldwesaytopersuadepeoplenottosmoking?0506070817/41Q5Q6AnswersWhensmokeisbreathedin,poisonouselementsinthesmokeattackthebody.Whenapersonsmokes,peoplearoundareforcedtobreathinthesmoke,andbecomepassivesmokers.18/41Q7Q8AnswersThankyoufornotsmoking.Tolivelonger,giveupsmoking.19/41A--AnalyzingUsefulWordsAndPhrases(partone)allow允許，認(rèn)可，考慮，體諒leadto造成，引領(lǐng)，通向……anymore再……，還……用于否定句中stopdoing停頓做……stopdoing…Stopdoingwhatyou'redoing.Inotherwords,takeabreakandassesswhatisworkingandwhatisnotworkingleadtoAlackofprecisionabouttheusercanleadtoalackofclarityabouthowtheproductshouldbehave.not…anymoreThenhisfathercouldnotbeathimanymore,ordespisehimanymore,ormockhimanymore-he,John,theLord'sanointed.allowWehopethatreportsfromXinhuaNewsAgencywillallowtheChinesepeopletolearnmoreaboutAfricaaswellasallowtheAfricanpeopletolearnmoreaboutChina.20/41A--Analyzingharmful有害，傷害giveup放棄,拋棄,停頓cause引發(fā)，造成；原因effect造成，影響；結(jié)果harmfulThisapparatusproduces

harmful

radiations.giveupDon't

give

up

hope;keepontrying.effectDidthemedicinehaveanyeffect?causeYouhavenocauseforcomplaint.UsefulWordsAndPhrases(parttwo)21/41A--Analyzingmust表示“主觀上必須”e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwiththemachine.Ithinkwemusthaveitrepairedtomorrow.should表示“按道理應(yīng)該”e.g.Jackshouldstayinbedforafewdays.oughtto表示“主觀上應(yīng)該”e.g.WeoughttogoandseeMarytomorrow,butIdon’tthinkwewill．haveto表示“客觀上不得不”e.g.Thatnightwehadtowalkhomebecausetherewasnobus.

GrammarFocus22/41A--Analyzinganymoreallowcause"ButBillwasn'tpracticingsurgery

any

more,"hesaidcasually,withoutelaboration.Idon'tthinkweshoulddevote

any

more

timetothisquestion.Doyouhaveanyothersymptoms?Anymorethanthoseyou'vedescribed?Canyou

allow

theusertoenteraliasesforthelongerentries?Thepalettetakestheideaofthedockingtoolbarandextendsto

allow

forevenmoreinteractivity.Whynot

allow

themtochangeitatthesamepointthesoftwaredisplaysit?Lifegoalsdescribeapersona’slong-termdesires,motivations,andself-imageattributes,which

cause

thepersonatoconnectwithaproduct.Typically,theconfirmationwillbelaunchedaftertheuserissuesacommandthatiseitherirrecoverableorwhoseresultsmight

cause

unduealarm.Undoubtedly,allthesesolutionswill

cause

moreworkforprogrammers.23/41A--AnalyzingleadtoharmfuleffectgiveupNotfollowingthislineofreasoningcan

lead

to

theproblemofusers’initialimpressionsbeingoutofsyncwithreality.Frustratingcontrolscan

lead

to

aconstantlow-levelannoyance,evenifanoverallproductconceptisexcellent.Childrenshouldbecarefullyinsulatedfrom

harmful

experiences.Anaqueouscausticsolutionremovescarriergasimpurities

harmful

tothedetectorcell.Willalcoholicdrinksbeharmfuliftakeninmoderation?Italldependsonwhattheprotagonistisdoing,orwhat

effect

theauthorwantstocreate.Thatis,subsequentchangestotheoriginalwillhaveno

effect

onthecopy.Yououghtto

give

up

smoking;Igaveit

up

lastyear.Ishall

give

up

myclaim,insubmissiontoyourwishes.Butthemarkethasshownthatpeoplewillgladly

give

up

painful,poorlydesignedsoftwareforeasier,bettersoftwareeveniftheydon’tunderstandtheexplanationsbehindthedesignrationale.24/41Also,heshouldnever

have

to

puttoolsaway.TheMechanical-Ageartifactdoesn’thelpyou:You

have

to

scanthepagesmanually.Thereisnoautomaticfunctionthatwilldothis;youjust

have

to

dragthemuntilit’sright.He

ought

to

havekepthispromise.He'sofanagewhenhe

ought

to

settledown.Badcustomsandlaws

ought

to

beabolished.Allcivilization

ought

to

bearousedagainstwar.Why

should

softwarebeanydifferent?Whom

should

webelieve?Theselegends

should

neverchange.Applications

should

automaticallysavedocuments.Significantchange

must

besignificantlybetter.Goodidioms

must

belearnedonlyonce.Personas

must

havemotivations.Dropcandidates

must

visuallyindicatetheirreceptivity.SHOULDOUGHTTOMUSTHAVETOA--Analyzing25/41L--ListeningC1ClueOneSmokingisbadfortheirhealth,manypeopledieoflungcancereveryyear…C2ClueTwoSmokingcancausemanydiseasessuchaslungcancer…C3ClueThreeSmokingisharmfulnotonlytothosewhosmoke,butalsotothosewhodon’t…PARTONE26/41Manypeoplesmoke.Butsmokingisbadfortheirhealth.Smokingcancausemanydiseasessuchaslungcancer,andmanypeopledieoflungcancereveryyear.Smokersshouldknowthatsmokingisbad,anditcoststhemalotofmoney.And,smokingisharmful,notonlytothosewhosmoke,butalsotothosewhodon’t.Thosewhosmokeshouldgiveupsmokingrightaway.L--Listening27/41Q1Q2HasMr.Wangstoppedsmokingnow?Howdidhedoit?HowisMr.Wangfeelingnow?Howlonghasitbeensincehestoppedsmoking?Howdidhisfriendshelphim?L--ListeningQ3Q4Q528/41Manypeoplesmoke.Butsmokingisbadfortheirhealth.Smokingcancausemanydiseasessuchlungcancer,andmanypeopledieoflungcancereveryyear.Woman:Hi,Mr.Wang.Iheardthatyouhavestoppedsmoking.Man:thatisright.Ithasbeen3weekssinceIstoppedsmoking.Woman:Iamsogladtohearthat.Howdidyoudothat?Man:Well,itwasnoteasyatfirst.ButInevergiveup.Andmyfriendsalsohelpedme.Woman:Howdidtheyhelpyou?Man:Theydidthesamething.Theyalsostoppedsmoking.Woman:Howareyoufeelingnow?Man:Great!Idonnotwanttosmokeanymore.Iamfeelingfine!Man:Congratulations!L--Listening29/41Li:Excuseme,sir.Iamafraidsmokinghereisnotallowedhere.Man:Isthatso?Li:Yes.Don’tyouseethe“NoSmoking”signonthewall?Man:Oh,Iamsorry.Ireallydidnotnotice.Li:Thisisasmoke-freestore.Man:Thankyoufortellingme.Li:Thatisgood.Thosewhosmokeherewillbefined.Man:Iknow.(Intheofficebuilding,JaneandLiuTaoaregoingdownstairs.)Jane:Watchyourstep!Theflooriswet.LiuTao:Oh,really!Jane:Youmustbecarefuloryouwillfalldown.LiuTao:Thankyouforremindingme!S--Speaking30/41

CANToolbarsandtheircontrols

can

besmallerthannormal.工具欄和其它控件能夠比正常更小。Alternatively,he

could

looktheaddressupinadirectory.還有一個(gè)方法，他可能會(huì)到地址目錄中查找。Yettherearestronghumanneeds

to

be

able

to

bendthesystemslightly.但人們依然十分需要對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行微調(diào)。Grammar—ModalVerbsCOULDBEABLETO31/41MAYMIGHTVisualthinkers

may

findstartingfromtheillustrationwillhelpthemmakesenseoftheotherpartsoftheprocess.視覺(jué)思維者會(huì)認(rèn)為從圖解開(kāi)始比較輕易，這么便于了解過(guò)程中其它部分。Purgingdatabases,configuring,andmakingotherexceptionalrequests

might

fallintothiscategory.比如清空數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、配置，以及其它尤其請(qǐng)求等都屬于這個(gè)類(lèi)別。Grammar—ModalVerbs32/41SHALLSHOULDError,notification,andconfirmationmessagesareblockingbulletindialogs.Asweshall

see,eventhesecanandshouldbeavoidedinmostcircumstances.錯(cuò)誤、通知（警告）和確認(rèn)消息都是阻塞型公告對(duì)話(huà)框，我們將看到在大多數(shù)情況下就算是這些也都能夠防止，而且應(yīng)該防止。Thecontentofboththeproblemandvisionstatements

should

comedirectlyfromresearchandusermodels.Usergoalsandneeds

should

derivefromtheprimaryandsecondarypersonas,andbusinessgoals

should

beextractedfromstakeholderinterviews.問(wèn)題和前景綜述中內(nèi)容應(yīng)該直接從研究和用戶(hù)模型中取得，用戶(hù)目標(biāo)和需要應(yīng)該從首要和次要人物角色中推導(dǎo)出，而商業(yè)目標(biāo)則應(yīng)該從與利益相關(guān)人訪談中提取。Grammar—ModalVerbs33/41WILLWOULDIfusersmustconstantlyshuttlebackandforthbetweenwindowstoachievetheirgoals,theirdisorientationandfrustrationlevels

will

rise,they

will

becomedistractedfromthetaskathand,andtheireffectivenessandpro