寒假作業(yè)09定語從句（原卷版）

限時(shí)練習(xí)：40min完成時(shí)間：月日天氣：作業(yè)09定語從句定語從句1.概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫引導(dǎo)詞（也叫關(guān)系詞）。定語從句的構(gòu)成：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行詞引導(dǎo)詞從句（定語從句）2.關(guān)系詞的選用：關(guān)系代詞指代在定從中所作成分例句which物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。that人、物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。who人主語賓語Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。whom人賓語Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.他是我最喜歡的學(xué)生whose人的，物的定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.我喜歡那些話題是歷史的書3、關(guān)系詞的省略：關(guān)系代詞that/who/which/whom在定從中作賓語時(shí)可省略，作主語時(shí)不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜歡的卡通有很多笑話。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。4.關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)當(dāng)先行詞有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that,不能用which(指人時(shí)可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?5.關(guān)系代詞只能用which的情況(1)先行詞有指示代詞（that/this/these/those）修飾如：Iamreadingthatbookwhichyoureadyesterday.我在看你昨天看的那本書(2)引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我們學(xué)習(xí)的校園很漂亮。1．（2023·江蘇淮安·校考一模）It’sgoodtoknow________thedogs________liveintheanimalcentrewillbewellcaredforwhileweareaway.A．what;what B．how;thatC．what;that D．that;which2．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·?？既＃狧aveyouheardaboutthenewsongLonelyWarrior_______manyteenagersaretalkingaboutthesedays?—Sure.ItencouragesmeeverytimeIhearit.A．who B．whose C．that D．what3．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）YaYaisagiantpanda________wasbornattheBeijingZooandtraveledtotheMemphisZoointheUSin2003.ItreturnedtoShanghaionApril,27th2023.A．that B．whom C．whose D．what4．（2023·江蘇鹽城·?？既＃狣oyouknowthetwogirlsoverthere?—Yes,theyareLucyandLily________efromAmerica.A．what B．whom C．which D．that5．（2023·江蘇蘇州·蘇州工業(yè)園區(qū)星灣學(xué)校校考二模）—Hi,Andy!Youlooksoexcited.Whathappened?—Theresultofthepetition________wewerelookingforwardto________tobebetter.A．/;turnedout B．which;findingoutC．that;workingout D．that;cameout6．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考二模）Aftermanyyearsoflooking,scientistshavefoundaplanet__________issimilartotheEarth.A．that B．who C．what D．when7．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）Beckyfoundtheinformationaboutthefamousscientists________youcanuseforthespeech.A．who B．which C．whom D．what8．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）—Ziboisasmallcity________hasbeenfamousforitsbarbecuerecently.

—Yes,manypeoplefromalloverthecountryflocktothiscity.A．which B．what C．who D．where9．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）—HaveyouheardaboutthepandaHuahua________manyvisitorsarequeuingtoseethesedays?—Yes,itlookssocute.A．who B．whose C．that D．what10．（2023·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考一模）Chinais________theUS’actiononTikTok.“Alotofrisks________arepointedoutarenottrueatall.”saidChew（周受資）,theCFOofByteDance.A．a(chǎn)gainst;that B．for;which C．a(chǎn)gainst;who D．for;that11．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考一模）—WhatdoyouthinkofTheThreeBodyProblem________iswrittenbyLiuCixin?—Oh,it’sfantastic.A．who B．what C．why D．that12．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）—WhydoyoucallhimMr.Knowledgeable?—Becauseheknowsalmosteverything________wewanttoknow.A．which B．what C．who D．that13．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）TheChineseidiomdongrutuotupraisespeople________areactivelikearabbit.A．which B．whom C．who D．whose14．（2023·江蘇無錫·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Theoldwomanlivesinahouse________shebuiltherselfoutoftrash.A．where B．which C．what D．who15．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）MichelleYeoh(楊紫瓊),thefirstAsianwomantowinanOscar,encouragedalltheboysandgirls________havedreamslikehertobelieveinthepossibilityoftheirfuture.A．whom B．which C．who D．whose16．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考一模）Ilikethepresent________youboughtforme.A．what B．which C．who D．when17．（2022·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考一模）Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone________familywaspoor.A．that B．which C．whose D．whom18．（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Iwillalwaysremembertheteachers________teachmeinmyjuniorhigh.A．who B．which C．what D．whose19．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—DoyouknowAbing?—Ofcourse.Heisafolkmusicianwithlotsoftalent________wasborninthecityofWuxiin1893.A．which B．what C．who20．（2023·福建漳州·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）ChinahasrealizedherpromisetogivetheworldaWinterOlympics________isgreenandclean.A．whom B．which C．who21．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—HaveyoureadthebookTheoldmanandtheseawrittenbytheAmericanwriter,Hemingway?—Ofcourse,anamazingstory.It’sthebestbook________I’veeverread.A．which B．what C．who D．that22．（2021·江蘇鹽城·?？家荒＃猈hydoyoucallhimMr.Knowledge?—Becauseheknowsalmosteverything________wewanttoknow.A．whom B．what C．who D．that23．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考二模）Wewillfinishourmiddleschool,weshouldsaythankstothosepeople________helpusalot.A．which B．that C．whom D．when24．（2022·江蘇常州·?？家荒＃狣oyouknoweverybody________attendedthewedding?—Almost,butIdon’tknowtheoneinahat________youtalkedwithattheentrance.A．who;/ B．whose,that C．that,which D．/,whom25．（2020·江蘇揚(yáng)州·儀征市實(shí)驗(yàn)初中?？既＃狢anyousaysomethingaboutLiLanjuan?—Ofcourse.Sheisthebravestdoctor________alltheChineseareproudoffightsagainstthenovelcoronavirus.A．who B．whom C．whose D．that二、完形填空（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。ItwasNewYear’sEve.Acoupleweredecoratingtheirroomwhenthemansaidtohiswife,“I’mgladthisyearfinishesinafew26.Whataterribleyearwe’vehad!”Hiswifeaskedhim,“Why?Idon’tunderstand!”Themanwasvery27andreplied,“Youdon’tunderstand?Thinkaboutwhathashappenedthisyear.Firstofall,Ihada(n)28toremovemykidney(腎臟).Remember?Lastmonth,Iturned29andIwastoldtomakeroomforsomeoneyounger.Huh!WhatamIgoingtodonow?Andyousurelyhaven’tforgottenthe30,whichmadeoursonstayinhospitalforthreeweeks,haveyou?Andthatmeanhe31takehisexamstogetintomedicalschool.Andwehadtobuyanewcar.32year!I’msogladit’sover.”Hiswifedidn’tsaymuch.She33theroom.Afewminuteslater,shecamebackinandsaid,“OK,Iheardwhatyousaid,butthisis34Iseethings.Yourkidneyhadbeen35youforyearsandyouwon’thavethatpaineveragain.Nowthatyoudon’thavetogotowork,youcanspendmoretimeinthe36,takingbettercareofyourflowers.Andthatisthe37you’vealwayswanted.Althoughthecarwasdestroyed,oursonstayed38.He’lldoevenbetterinhisexamsnextyearsincehe’sgotmoretimeto39.SoIthinkit’sagoodyear,andthenewonewillstartinafewhours.I’msureit’llbeanothergoodyear.”Wecan’tcontrolthethingsthathappentous,butwecan40howwelookatthem.Whateverhappens,youcanbeoptimisticornot—it’suptoyou.26．A．months B．weeks C．days D．hours27．A．interested B．stressed C．surprised D．touched28．A．a(chǎn)bility B．right C．chance D．operation29．A．leave B．change C．continue D．start30．A．car B．exam C．a(chǎn)ccident D．medicine31．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t32．A．Wonderful B．Terrible C．Strange D．mon33．A．wentbackinto B．lookedbackinto C．lookedoutof D．wentoutof34．A．how B．why C．when D．where35．A．protecting B．satisfying C．worrying D．relaxing36．A．garden B．kitchen C．hospital D．school37．A．work B．life C．trip D．gift38．A．calm B．silent C．a(chǎn)live D．a(chǎn)lone39．A．play B．study C．sleep D．exercise40．A．copy B．control C．explain D．express三、閱讀理解（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考三模）Ilayonthebeachforalongtime.WhenIfeltstronger,Istoodupandlookedaround.“WhereamI?”Iaskedmyself.“Isthisanislandorthemainland?Arethereanypeoplehere?Anydangerouswildanimals?”ItwasgettingdarkandIwasstillverytired.“Imustlookforsomewheresafetospendthenight,”Ithought.IfoundabigtreenotfarfromtheshoreandIclimbedupintothebranches.ItmadeafortablebedandIfellasleepimmediately.Thenextmorningtheskywasblueandtherewasnowind.Icouldseetheshipfrommybedinthetree.Idecidedtoswimtoit.Iclimbedonboardandhadalookaround.Firstofall,IwenttothekitchenbecauseIwasfeelingveryhungry.Luckilyallthebreadinthecupboardwasstilldry.WhileIwaswalkingaroundtheshipIthought,“Theshipisgoingtosink.Imustmakearaftandtakeallthefoodbacktotheshorebeforeit’stoolate.”Ifoundsomepiecesofwoodontheship.Ithrewthemintothewaterandjoinedthemtogetherwithropes.Ittookmealongtime,butIwashappywiththeresult.IwatchedtheraftImade.Itwasflatandfarawayfrombeingaboatorahip.Infact,itwasmorelikeamuchlargerdoorlyingonthewater.Butitcanfloatonit.That’senough.Myraftwasbigandstrong.Iloadeditwithlotsofusefulthingsfromtheship:tools,guns,gunpowder,food,drinkandclothes.Finally,ImadealittlesailformyraftandIsetofffortheshore.Itwasalong,slowjourney,butIarrivedsafelywithoutlosinganything.Imadetwomoretripstotheshipthatday.Then,beforeitgottoodark,Ibuiltasmalltent.Iputeverythinginsideitandwenttobed.Thenextday,IreturnedtotheshipandtookawayasmuchasIcouldfind,includingaBible.Ialsotookthetwocatsandthedogthatwereonboard.Thedogwasmybestfriendformanyyears.Onmythirteenthdayontheisland,therewasanotherterriblestorm.Thewindblewhardalldayandallnight.WhenIwokeupthenextmorning,theshipwasnolongerthere.“NowImustbuildahousetolivein.”Ithought.“Ihavealotofthings,soitmustbebig.Itmustbenearfreshwater.Itmustbeacoolplacebecausethesunishotduringtheday.Anditmusthaveaviewofthesea.Ifashippasses,Idon’twanttomissit.”Therewasabighilljustbehindmytentonthebeach.Iwalkedtothetopofitandlookedaround.AllIcouldseeformilesandmileswaswater!NowIknewthatIwasonanisland!Isuddenlyfeltveryalone.HalfwaydownthehillIfoundalargeflatpieceofground.Therewasagoodviewoftheseafromthefrontofitandahighrockattheback.“Thisistheperfectplacetobuildmyhouse.”Ithought.fromRobinsonCrusoe41．WheredidIsleeponthefirstnightafterIwasonthebeach?A．Inacave. B．Ontheship. C．Inatree. D．Inatent.42．Whichofthefollowingpicturesshowstheraftinthestory?A． B．C． D．43．Accordingtothestorywecanknow________.A．Ididn’twanttogohomeatallB．TheweatherontheislandwasalwaysfineC．IwenttothebrokenshipforthreetimesthatdayD．Ihadmorethanenoughfoodandcouldliveafortablelife44．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Iwouldbuildahouseonmyown.B．Iwouldcollectmaterialstobuildaship.C．IwouldpreparetoleaveforhomeinEngland.D．Iwouldwaitforshipstotakemeawaywithoutdoinganything.四、短文填空（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空,使短文完整。MajorGeneralJingHaipeng,oneofthefirstgenerationofChineseastronauts,isthefirstChineseperson45（return）tospaceandtravelthree46（time）intoorbit.OnTuesday,hewouldcarryoutafourthspacejourneythroughShenzhouXVImission.Sofar,he47（be）acrewmanderforthethirdtime.BorntoapoorfamilyinavillageinShanxip