考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷8（共195題）

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷8（共9套）（共195題）考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀（補(bǔ)全短文）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)YouaregoingtoreadatextaboutthegoalsrelatedtoNRC'spriorities,followedbyalistofexamples.ChoosethebestexamplefromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedsubheading(1-5).Thereisonlyoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.Theplanetsseemedlikeprettysmallplaces.Atthesametime,Earthseemedalotlargerthanitdoesnow.Noonehadeverseenourplanetasaplanet:abluemarbleonblackvelvet,coatedwithwaterandair.Nooneknewthatthemoonwasborninanimpact.Noonefullyappreciatedthathumanitywasbecomingageologicforceinitsownright,capableofchangingtheenvironmentonaglobalscale.WhateverelsetheSpaceAgehasdone,ithasenrichedourviewofthenaturalworldandgivenusaperspective.NationalResearchCouncil(NRC)panelsperiodicallyaskwhethertheworld'splanetaryexplorationprogramsareontrack.Thelistofgoalsthatfollowssynthesizestheirpriorities.【C1】MonitorEarth'sClimateThevenerableLandsatseries,whichhasmonitoredthesurfacesince1972,hasbeenonthefritzforyears,andtheU.S.hasDepartmentofAgriculturehasalreadyhadtobuydatafromIndiansatellitestomonitorcropproductivity.Forsometypesofdata,noothernationcanfillin.【C2】PrepareanAsteroidDefenseLikeclimatemonitoring,guardingtheplanetfromasteroidsalwaysseemstofallbetweenthecracks.NeitherNASAnortheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)hasamandatetostaveoffhumanextinction.Itwouldtake15yearsorlongertomountadefenseagainstanincomingbody,assumingthatthetechnologywerereadytogo.【C3】SeekOutNewLifeBeforeSpotnik,scientiststhoughtthesolarsystemmightbeaveritableGardenofEden.Earth'ssisterworldsprovedtobehellish,evenwhentheMarinerprobesrevealedacrateredmoonscapeandtheVikinglandersfailedtofindevenasingleorganicmolecule.Butlatelytheplausiblevenuesforlifehavemultiplied.【C4】ExplaintheGenesisofthePlanetsStudiesoftheoriginoftheplanetsoverlapquiteabitwithstudiesoftheoriginsoflife.Jakoskyputsitthus:"Venussitsattheinneredgeofthehabitablezone.Marssitsattheouteredge.Earthsitsinthemiddle.Andunderstandingthedifferencesbetweenthoseplanetsiscentraltoaskingaboutlifebeyondoursolarsystem."【C5】BreakOutoftheSolarSystemAsolarsail200metersacrosscouldcarrya500-kilogramspacecraft.AfterlaunchfromEarth,itwouldfirstswooptowardthesun,goingasitdared—justinsideMercury'sorbit—togetflungoutbytheintensesunlight."Suchamission,beitESA-orNASA-led,isthenextlogicalstepinourexplorationofspace,"Wimmer-Schweingrubersays."Afterall,thereismoretospacethanexploringourvery,verylocalneighborhood."Theestimatedpricetagisabout$2billionincludingthreedecades'operatingexpenses.[A]Liketheoriginoflife,theoriginoftheplanetswasacomplex,multistageprocess.Jupiterwasthefirst-born.Diditbuildupslowly,liketheotherplanets?Diditformfartherfromthesunandmoveinward?[B]Likeawindsurfer,thespacecraftwouldsteerbyleaningtoonesideortheother.JustbeforepassingJupiter'sorbit,itwouldcastoffthesailandglideoutward.Togetready,engineersneedtodesignasufficientlylightweightsailandtestitonfirst.[C]SoNRCpreparestotakesomeactionplans.Extendasteroidsearchtosmallerbodies,perhapsusingadedicatedinfraredspacetelescope.Deflectanasteroidinacontrolledwayasatrialrun.Developanofficialsystemforevaluatingpotentialthreats.[D]TheNRCpanelcalledforrestoringthelostfunding,whichpayfor17newmissionsoverthecomingdecade,suchasonestokeeptabsonicesheetsandcarbondioxidelevels—essentialforpredictingclimatechangeanditseffects.Peoplesometimestakethemundaneyeturgenttaskoflookingafterourownplanetforgranted.[E]Marsislookinghopefulagain.Outer-planetmoons,notablyEuropaandEnceladus,appeartohavevastundergroundseasandplentyoflife'srawmaterials.EvenVenusmighthavebeencoveredinoceansonce.Theresearchisnotjustaboutfindingcompanionshipinthecosmos.Itisaboutdiviningourownorigins.[F]ThispastspringESAcompletedasetoffeasibilitystudies—andpromptlyshelvedthemforlackofmoney.ItwouldtakeajointeffortwithNASAortheJapanAerospaceExplorationAgency(JAXA),orboth,tomaketheplanhappen.1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文介紹了NRC的五個(gè)工作目標(biāo)。第一個(gè)是MonitorEarth’sClimate(監(jiān)測(cè)地球氣候)。通過閱讀小標(biāo)題下面的文字，可知目前用于監(jiān)測(cè)地球氣候的衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)超負(fù)荷運(yùn)作了，而且還有些數(shù)據(jù)無法從Landsat獲取。這是一個(gè)亟待解決的問題。D項(xiàng)講述了NRC的想法——恢復(fù)資金制度，開展更多的監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目。這從語義邏輯上很好地銜接了上文，故為本題的正確答案。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：NRC的第二個(gè)目標(biāo)是PrepareanAsteroidDefense(籌建小行星防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng))，但目前的情況卻與監(jiān)測(cè)地球氣候的情況類似?？梢姡@個(gè)目標(biāo)實(shí)施起來困難重重。如何解決這個(gè)問題呢?瀏覽所有選項(xiàng)。發(fā)現(xiàn)C項(xiàng)提到了NRC所采取的三項(xiàng)措施，以便在無法建立防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng)的情況下盡可能地保護(hù)人類的生命安全。所以C項(xiàng)為本題的正確答案。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段的主題是SeekOutNewLife(尋找新的生命)。最初人們認(rèn)為只有太陽系才有生命，但是后來發(fā)現(xiàn)很多星球似乎都可能有生命存在。接下來肯定是對(duì)這一句話的解釋或者舉例說明。E項(xiàng)提到了Mars，Venus等具體實(shí)例，對(duì)上文起到了承接的作用，而且該選項(xiàng)最后一句中的findingcompanionshipinthecosmos(在宇宙中尋找同類)與小標(biāo)題屬于語義場(chǎng)同現(xiàn)，所以E項(xiàng)為本題的正確答案。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段的主題是ExplaintheGenesisofthePlanets(解釋行星的起源)。作者首先談到了宜居帶和人類起源的問題。由于小標(biāo)題是關(guān)于行星起源的，那么接下來的內(nèi)容肯定與行星起源有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)涉及這方面的內(nèi)容，以木星為例描述了人類對(duì)于木星起源的困惑。而且Liketheoriginoflife，theoriginoftheplanetswasacomplex，multistageprocess與前文Studiesoftheoriginoftheplanetsoverlapquiteabitwithstudiesoftheoriginsoflife觀點(diǎn)相似，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了A項(xiàng)為本題的正確答案。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段主題是BreakOutoftheSolarSystem(脫離太陽系)。小標(biāo)題下面的文字詳細(xì)描述了在太陽系飛行的過程。但是對(duì)于接下來要講什么內(nèi)容并沒有清晰的線索。瀏覽備選項(xiàng)，尋找可能與之有關(guān)的詞語，可發(fā)現(xiàn)B項(xiàng)中的spacecraft，sail，orbit等詞，均與太空飛行有關(guān)。結(jié)合其前面的內(nèi)容正好完整地?cái)⑹隽颂沾w行的過程。所以B項(xiàng)為本題的正確答案。Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutwhatparentsaresupposedtodotoguidetheirchildrenintoadulthood.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpartofthetext(1-5).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse.[A]SetaGoodExampleforYourKids[B]BuildYourKids'WorkSkills[C]PlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureActivities[D]TalkabouttheFutureonaRegularBasis[E]HelpKidsDevelopCopingStrategies[F]HelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyAre[G]BuildYourKids'SenseofResponsibilityMothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfortheirkids.Evenifajob'sstartingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadult'sneedforrapidcontent,thetransitionfromschooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestart-upadultisreadyforthemove.Hereareafewmeasures,drawnfrommybookReadyorNot,HereLifeComes,thatparentscantaketopreventwhatIcall"work-lifeuneasiness".【C1】______Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsandweaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyshortcomings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellorcollaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststheykeepcomingbackto,astheseoffercluestothecareersthatwillfitthembest.【C2】______Kidsneedarangeofauthenticrolemodels—asopposedtomembersoftheirclique,popstarsandvauntedathletes.Haveregulardinner-tablediscussionsaboutpeoplethefamilyknowsandhowtheygotwheretheyare.Discussthejoysanddownsidesofyourowncareerandencourageyourkidstoformsomeideasabouttheirownfuture.Whenaskedwhattheywanttodo,theyshouldbediscouragedfromsaying"Ihavenoidea."Theycanchangetheirminds200times,buthavingonlyafoggyviewofthefutureisoflittlegood.【C3】______Teachersareresponsibleforteachingkidshowtolearn;parentsshouldberesponsibleforteachingthemhowtowork.Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesurehomeworkdeadlinesaremet.Encourageteenagerstotakeapart-timejob.Kidsneedplentyofpracticedelayinggratificationanddeployingeffectiveorganizationalskills,suchasmanagingtimeandsettingpriorities.【C4】______Playingvideogamesencouragesimmediatecontent.AndhoursofwatchingTVshowswithcannedlaughteronlyteacheskidstoprocessinformationinapassiveway.Atthesametime,listeningthroughearphonestothesamemonotonousbeatsforlongstretchesencourageskidstostayinsidetheirbubbleinsteadofpursuingotherendeavors.Alltheseactivitiescanpreventthegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeitdifficultforkidstodevelopthekindofsustainedconcentrationtheywillneedformostjobs.【C5】______Theyshouldknowhowtodealwithsetbacks,stressesandfeelingsofinadequacy.Theyshouldalsolearnhowtosolveproblemsandresolveconflicts,waystobrainstormandthinkcritically.Discussionsathomecanhelpkidspracticedoingthesethingsandhelpthemapplytheseskillstoeverydaylifesituations.Whataboutthesonordaughterwhoisgrownbutseemstobestrugglingandwanderingaimlesslythroughearlyadulthood?Parentsstillhaveamajorroletoplay,butnowitismoredelicate.Theyhavetobecarefulnottocomeacrossasdisappointedintheirchild.Theyshouldexhibitstronginterestandrespectforwhatevercurrentlyintereststheirfledgingadult(asnaiveorillconceivedasitmayseem)whilebecomingapartnerinexploringoptionsforthefuture.Mostofall,thesenewadultsmustfeelthattheyarerespectedandsupportedbyafamilythatappreciatesthem.6、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題所在的段落共有三句話。第一句告訴我們對(duì)象的年齡是11歲或12歲；第二句是說要定期的幫助孩子反思自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，揚(yáng)長避短；第三句是補(bǔ)充說明，幫孩子找出他們的興趣點(diǎn)。也就是說家長們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助孩子認(rèn)識(shí)自我，從而讓孩子在未來職業(yè)選擇中揚(yáng)長避短。因助孩子了解自己”為正確選項(xiàng)。7、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題所在的段落共有五句話。第一句是說孩子需要大量真實(shí)的人物模范；第二、三、四句是說要經(jīng)常跟孩子討論未來并積極鼓勵(lì)他們；最后一句話是說對(duì)未來的清晰認(rèn)識(shí)更有益于他們的成長和發(fā)展。所以很明顯本段在討論經(jīng)常討論未來，才更有益孩子發(fā)展。因此D項(xiàng)“定期談?wù)撽P(guān)于未來的話題”為正確選項(xiàng)。8、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題共有四句話。第一句是說老師和家長有責(zé)任教孩子學(xué)習(xí)和工作；第二、三、四句是說孩子需要做家庭作業(yè)、做兼職、大量練習(xí)組織管理等技能。所以本題的核心思想是幫助孩子形成工作技能。因此B項(xiàng)“增強(qiáng)孩子的工作技能”為正確選項(xiàng)。9、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題所在段落共有四句話。前三句話是說玩視頻游戲、看電視、耳機(jī)聽單調(diào)音樂不僅浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間，而且對(duì)孩子無益。最后一句是說上面這些活動(dòng)阻礙了孩子交際和思考能力的發(fā)育，同時(shí)影響著孩子的注意力。所以作者想要表達(dá)的是休閑時(shí)間應(yīng)該有所限制，而不應(yīng)該沉溺、放縱其中。因此C項(xiàng)“對(duì)業(yè)余活動(dòng)時(shí)間加以限制”為正確選項(xiàng)。10、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題所在段落共有三句話。前兩句作者連續(xù)采用了“theyshould…”并列結(jié)構(gòu)來強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)會(huì)處理解決問題的能力的重要性。第三句是對(duì)第二句的補(bǔ)充，建議多在家討論是不錯(cuò)的方式。因此E項(xiàng)“幫助孩子培養(yǎng)應(yīng)對(duì)策略”為正確選項(xiàng)。ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(1-5).Therearetwoextrasubheadings.[A]Createanewimageofyourself[B]Haveconfidenceinyourself[C]Decideifthetimeisright[D]Understandthecontext[E]Workwithprofessionals[F]Makeitefficient[G]KnowyourgoalsNomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment,thewayyoupresentyourselfhasanimpact.Thisisespeciallytrueinfirstimpressions.AccordingtoresearchfromPrincetonUniversity,peopleassessyourcompetence,trustworthiness,andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond,solelybasedonthewayyoulook.Thedifferencebetweentoday'sworkplaceandthe"dressforsuccess"eraisthattherangeofoptionsissomuchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.Insomesettings,redsneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothersnotsomuch.Plus,whateverimagewepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedln.Chancesare,yourheadshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago.Millennials,itseems,facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleandpersonalbranding.Itcanbeconfusing.Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknowwhentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat'sthebestwaytopulloffonethatenhancesourgoals?Herearesometips:【C1】______Asanexecutivecoach,I'veseenimageupgradesbeparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions—whenlookingforanewjob,steppingintoanewormorepublicrole,orchangingworkenvironments.Ifyou'reinaperiodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut,nowmaybeagoodtime.Ifyou'renotsure,askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends,colleaguesandprofessionals.Lookforcuesabouthowothersperceiveyou.Maybethere'snoneedforanupgradeandthat'sOK.【C2】______Getclearonwhatimpactyou'rehopingtohave.Areyoulookingtorefreshyourimageorpivotit?Foroneperson,thegoalmaybetobetakenmoreseriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage.Foranother,itmaybetobeperceivedasmoreapproachable,ormoremodernandstylish.Forsomeonemovingfromfinancetoadvertising,maybetheywanttolookmore"SoHo."(It'sOKtousecharacterizationslikethat.)【C3】______Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist.Whatarethenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoareyourmostimportantaudiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetteryouunderstandtheculturalcontext,themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact.【C4】______Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsandcontext.Hireapersonalstylist,orusethefreestylingserviceofastorelikeJ.Crew.Tryahairstylistinsteadofabarber.Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyourspouseorfriend.It'snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink.【C5】______Thepointofastyleupgradeisn'ttobecomemorevainortospendmoretimefussingoverwhattowear.Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue.Pickastandardworkuniformorafewgo-tooptions.Buyallyourclothesatoncewithastylistinsteadofshoppingalone,onearticleofclothingatatime.11、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該段中出現(xiàn)了表示時(shí)間的詞匯和短語：duringtransitions，inaperiodof,agoodtime。表示形象升級(jí)得看時(shí)間是否恰當(dāng)。瀏覽小標(biāo)題發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有選項(xiàng)C出現(xiàn)了表示時(shí)間的詞匯。再次回看原文，本段第二句中的good與小標(biāo)題中的right也恰好對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。12、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該段首句Getclearonwhatimpactyou’rehopingtohave提到“弄清楚你希望有什么影響”，然后以問句形式提出段落主題，接著分兩個(gè)方面來闡述，目標(biāo)不同，做法也不同。本段第一句話中的getclear與小標(biāo)題中的know屬于同義表達(dá)，并且本段第三句話中thegoal與小標(biāo)題中的goal完全對(duì)應(yīng)，因此正確答案為G項(xiàng)。13、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該段第一句話提到“要像人類學(xué)家一樣來考慮你的工作環(huán)境”，接著給出了幾個(gè)排比的問句，都是針對(duì)工作環(huán)境的具體細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)問。最重要的是在結(jié)尾部分，作者總結(jié)評(píng)論道，Thebetteryou…，themorecontrolyou…，意為“你對(duì)文化背景理解得越好，就能對(duì)你的影響有越多的控制”。很明顯，這句話凸顯了context的重要性。因此，答案選D項(xiàng)。14、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段在首句給出兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞professionals和sharewith，即“征求專業(yè)人士的幫助，與他們分享你的目標(biāo)和背景”。下文是舉例論述，例如去找發(fā)型設(shè)計(jì)師而不是理發(fā)師等。緊接著下文就給出workwithaprofessionalphotographer讓專業(yè)攝影師而不是你的配偶或朋友為你拍照。因此本段是圍繞professionals的重要性來展開的。故選E項(xiàng)。15、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該段落主題句出現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)折句：Instead，useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue．之后，其中it指代上一句中的styleupgrade。通過前后兩句話對(duì)比，指出其目的是利用styleupgrade作為機(jī)會(huì)來reducedecisionfatigue(減少?zèng)Q定疲勞)，從而來提高辦事效率。后兩句話作為論據(jù)進(jìn)一步論證這一觀點(diǎn)，因此答案選F項(xiàng)。Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextabouthowtowearappropriateclothing.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpartofthetext(1-5).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse.[A]Analyzingyourowntaste.[B]Beingcautiouswhenexperimenting.[C]Findingamodeltofollow.[D]Gettingthefinallookabsolutelyright.[E]Learningtoberealistic.[F]Makingregularconsciouschoices.[G]Howtojudgepeople.Whenwemeetpeopleforthefirsttime,weoftenmakedecisionsaboutthembasedentirelyonhowtheylook.And,ofcourseit'ssomethingthatworksbothways,forwetooarebeingjudgedonourappearance.Whenwelookgood,wefeelgood,whichinturnleadstoamoreconfidentandself-assuredmanner.Peoplethenpickuponthisconfidenceandrespondpositivelytowardsus.Undoubtedly,it'swhat'sinsidethat'simportant,butsometimeswecansendoutthewrongsignalssimplybywearinginappropriateclothingornotspendingenoughtimethinkingabouthowothersseeus.【C1】______Forexample,peopleoftenmakethemistakeoftryingtolooklikesomeoneelsethey'veseeninamagazine,butthisisusuallyadisasterasweallhaveourowncharacteristics.Standinfrontofafull-lengthmirrorandbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyousee.Thereisnoneedtodwellonyourfaults—weallhavegoodpointsandbadpoints—butthinkinsteadaboutthebestwaytoemphasizethegoodones.【C2】______Whenselectingyourclotheseachday,thinkaboutwhoyou'relikelytomeet,whenyou'regoingtobespendingmostofyourtimeandwhattasksyouarelikelytoperform.Clearly,someoutfitswillbemoreappropriatetodifferentsortsofactivityandthiswilldictateyourchoicetoanextent.However,there'snoneedtoabandonyourindividualtastecompletely.Afterall,ifyoudresstopleasesomebodyelse'sideaofwhatlooksgood,youmayendupfeelinguncomfortableandnotquiteyourself.【C3】______Buttoknowyourownmind,youhavetogettoknowyourself.Whatdoyoutrulyfeelgoodin?Thereareprobablyafewfavoriteitemsthatyouwearalot—mostpeoplewear20percentoftheirwardrobe80percentofthetime.Lookattheseclothesandaskyourselfwhattheyhaveincommon.Aretheyneatandtidy,looseandflowing?Thenlookatthethingshanginginyourwardrobethatyoudon'twearandaskyourselfwhy.Gothroughafewmagazinesandcataloguesandmarkthethingsthatcatchyoureye.Isthereacommontheme?【C4】______Somecolorsbringyournaturalcoloringtolifeandotherscangiveusawashed-outappearance.Tryoutnewcolorsbyallmeans,butrememberthatdressinginbrightcolorwhenyoureallylikesubtleneutraltones,orviceversa,willmakeyoufeelself-consciousanduncomfortable.Youknowdeepdownwhereyourowntasteboundarieslie.Andalthoughit'sgoodtochallengethosesometimeswithnewcombinationsorshades,takecarenottogotoofarallatonce.【C5】______So,you'vechosenanoutfitthatmatchesyourstyle,yourpersonality,yourshapeandyourcoloring.Butdoesitfit?Ifsomethingistootightortooloose,youwon'tachievethedesiredeffect,andnomatterwhatotherqualitiesithas,itwon'timproveyourappearanceoryourconfidence.Sometimes,webuythingswithoutthinking.Somepeoplewhodislikeshoppinggrabthefirstthingtheysee,orprefertousemail-orderortheInternet.Inallcases,ifitdoesn'tfitperfectly,don'tbuyit,becausethefinerdetailsarejustasimportantastheoverallstyle.Reappraisingyourimageisn'tselfishbecauseeveryonewhocomesintocontactwithyouwillbenefit.You'lllookbetterandyou'11feelabetterpersonallround.Andifindoubt,youonlyneedtoreadProfessorAlbertMehrabian'sbookSilentMessagestoremindyourselfhowimportantoutwardappearancesare.Hisresearchshowedthattheimpactwemakeoneachotherdepend55percentonhowwelookandbehave,38percentonhowwespeakandonly7percentonwhatweactuallysay.So,whateverstageyouareatinyourlife,whateverroleyouplay,isn'tittimeyoumadethemostofyourself?16、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：首先瀏覽全文，把握文章大意。通過對(duì)該文章首尾兩段的閱讀，可以得知這篇文章主要論述的是個(gè)人著裝問題。其次瀏覽選項(xiàng)，確定選項(xiàng)的主要內(nèi)容和意思。A：分析個(gè)人品味，B：小心翼翼地嘗試，C：找一個(gè)模仿的榜樣，D：讓最終的形象完美無缺，E：學(xué)會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，F(xiàn)：經(jīng)常做有意識(shí)的選擇．G：怎樣評(píng)價(jià)他人。然后閱讀本題所在段落。在本段中，作者舉例說明，我們每個(gè)人都有自己的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)，所以沒有必要去盲目地模仿他人。而且每個(gè)人都各有所長，各有所短，人不應(yīng)該停留在自己的缺點(diǎn)上，而應(yīng)該充分展示自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。從這番評(píng)述中可以看出，作者建議我們對(duì)自身保持一個(gè)客觀的態(tài)度，也就是現(xiàn)實(shí)的態(tài)度，而不要盲從。因此E項(xiàng)正確。17、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段的第一句話提到，每天選擇衣服時(shí)，都要考慮一下自己要和誰見面，出現(xiàn)在何種場(chǎng)合，面對(duì)的是什么樣的任務(wù)。這也就說明：選擇衣服不是一件馬馬虎虎、隨意而為之的事情，而需要認(rèn)真選擇，不要完全放棄自己的個(gè)人品位。F項(xiàng)中，作者建議我們，經(jīng)常做有意識(shí)的選擇，正是說的這個(gè)意思。其中regular和eachday相照應(yīng)。18、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在本段的開始作者提出一種觀點(diǎn)，即要想了解你自己的想法，必須先認(rèn)識(shí)你自己。作者大段的論述后，概括起來就是：你最喜歡什么樣的衣服，最不喜歡什么樣的衣服，即個(gè)人喜好問題，而事實(shí)上，所謂的個(gè)人喜好就是個(gè)人品位。因此A項(xiàng)正確。19、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：上一段作者就個(gè)人品位問題作了一番論述，并關(guān)于如何發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)人品位給了一些建議。在個(gè)人品位已經(jīng)確定的基礎(chǔ)上，接下來的事情就是挑選和嘗試了。與上面提到段落不同的是本段的段落主旨句不在句首而在句尾。作者以顏色為例告訴讀者，雖然嘗試一些新的東西是件不錯(cuò)的事情，但應(yīng)該注意不要走極端。細(xì)心的考生在本段可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)同義詞組tryout和challenge，前者是嘗試的意思，一般指嘗試某種新事物，后者為挑戰(zhàn)的意思，也可用于指對(duì)未知的事物做出的嘗試。而且這兩個(gè)詞與B項(xiàng)中的experiment意思相近，experiment一種解釋為“試驗(yàn)”，另一種解釋就是“嘗試”。在本段最后一句話中，還出現(xiàn)了takecare一詞，與B項(xiàng)中的cautious相呼應(yīng)。因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。20、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段段首詞so起到了承上啟下的作用。前面幾段中作者提到了如何挑選衣服，如何確定自己的品位，如何謹(jǐn)慎地去嘗試。在這一段落的開始，作者指出：現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)挑選了從個(gè)性、外形、顏色上來說都很適合你的衣服，需要注意的是之后提出的問題：Butdoesitfit?(但它適合你嗎)。接著作者指出：事實(shí)上，如果一件衣服不是完全合適的話，就不應(yīng)該購買。然后再看文章的最后一段，作者開始泛談個(gè)人形象以及再評(píng)價(jià)它的重要性，已經(jīng)不再具體談如何著裝，由此可以推知，此處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是關(guān)于如何著裝、如何購買服裝的最后建議，因此可確定D項(xiàng)為正確答案?？佳杏⒄Z（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Theindustrialrevolutionofthelate18thcenturymadepossiblethemassproductionofgoods,therebycreatingeconomiesofscalewhichchangedtheeconomy—andsociety—inwaysthatnobodycouldhaveimaginedatthetime.Nowanewmanufacturingtechnologyhasemergedwhichdoestheopposite.Three-dimensionalprintingmakesitascheaptocreatesingleitemsasitistoproducethousandsandthusundermineseconomiesofscale.Itmayhaveasprofoundanimpactontheworldasthecomingofthefactorydid.Itworkslikethis.Firstyoucallupablueprintonyourcomputerscreenandtinkerwithitsshapeandcolourwherenecessary.Thenyoupressprint.Amachinenearbywhirrsintolifeandbuildsuptheobjectgradually,eitherbydepositingmaterialfromanozzle,orbyselectivelysolidifyingathinlayerofplasticormetaldustusingtinydropsofglueoratightlyfocusedbeam.Productsarethusbuiltupbyprogressivelyaddingmaterial,onelayeratatime:hencethetechnology'sothername,additivemanufacturing.Eventuallytheobjectinquestion—asparepartforyourcar,alampshade,aviolin—popsout.Likecomputingbeforeit,3Dprintingisspreadingfastasthetechnologyimprovesandcostsfall.Abasic3Dprinter,alsoknownasafabricatoror"fabber",nowcostslessthanalaserprinterdidin1985.Theadditiveapproachtomanufacturinghasseveralbigadvantagesovertheconventionalone.Itcutscostsbygettingridofproductionlines.Itreduceswasteenormously,requiringaslittleasone-tenthoftheamountofmaterial.Itallowsthecreationofpartsinshapesthatconventionaltechniquescannotachieve,resultinginnew,muchmoreefficientdesignsinaircraftwingsorheatexchangers,forexample.Itenablestheproductionofasingleitemquicklyandcheaply—andthenanotheroneafterthedesignhasbeenrefined.Byreducingthebarrierstoentryformanufacturing,3Dprintingshouldalsopromoteinnovation.Ifyoucandesignashapeonacomputer,youcanturnitintoanobject.Youcanprintadozen,seeifthereisamarketforthem,andprint50moreifthereis,modifyingthedesignusingfeedbackfromearlyusers.Thiswillbeaboontoinventorsandstart-ups,becausetryingoutnewproductswillbecomelessriskyandexpensive.Andjustasopen-sourceprogrammerscollaboratebysharingsoftwarecode,engineersarealreadystartingtocollaborateonopen-sourcedesignsforobjectsandhardware.Atechnologicalchangesoprofoundwillresettheeconomicsofmanufacturing.Somebelieveitwilldecentralisethebusinesscompletely,reversingtheurbanisationthataccompaniesindustrialisation.Therewillbenoneedforfactories,goesthelogic,wheneveryvillagehasafabricatorthatcanproduceitemswhenneeded.Uptoapoint,perhaps.Buttheeconomicandsocialbenefitsofcitiesgofarbeyondtheirabilitytoattractworkerstomanassemblylines.Although3Dprintingwillcreatewinnersandlosersintheshortterm,inthelongrunitwillexpandtherealmofindustry—andimagination.1、Themeritsof3DprintingdoNOTinclude______.A、decreaseofproductioncostsB、diminishingeconomiesofscalesC、reducingtheriskofinventorsD、decentralizingbusiness標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)A的關(guān)鍵詞"decrease"和"costs"迅速定位到文章第四段第二句話。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)B的關(guān)鍵詞“economiesofscales”迅速定位至文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)C的關(guān)鍵詞“risk”迅速定位至第五段的第四句話。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)D的關(guān)鍵詞“decentralizing”迅速定位至文章最后一段的第二句話，但選項(xiàng)D將推測(cè)偷換成既成事實(shí)，故選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。2、How3Dprintingworksshowsthat______.A、smallitemscanbemadeinthecornerofanofficeB、itiscurrentlythepreserveofhobbyistsinacademicandindustrialnicheC、additivemanufacturingistoocomplicatedtobepopularizedatpresentD、theblueprintof3Dprintinghastobedesignedthree-dimensionally標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬推斷題。選項(xiàng)B無中生有，從文中無法推知，故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)C不合文意，雖然3D印刷的過程十分復(fù)雜，但是文章第三段表示隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，3D印刷正在蓬勃發(fā)展，故選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)D犯了強(qiáng)加聯(lián)系的錯(cuò)誤，原文并沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)3D印刷的藍(lán)圖必須設(shè)計(jì)成3D的，故選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。從3D印刷的工作原理和過程來看，3D印刷只需要特殊打印機(jī)和電腦即可完成，所以能夠推測(cè)出在辦公室就能完成3D打印，故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。3、Accordingtothetext,additivemanufacturinghasatendencyto______.A、duplicatetheachievementofindustrialrevolutioninthe18thcenturyB、eradicatefactoriesandmassproductionC、centreopen-sourcedesignasitscoreD、encourageinfringementsonintellectualproperties標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬推斷題。選項(xiàng)B犯了過于夸張的錯(cuò)誤，原文只是說3D印刷有可能讓城市不再需要工廠，但沒有絕對(duì)化到會(huì)根除工廠，故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)C捕風(fēng)捉影，利用文中細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)置干擾，其本身表述錯(cuò)誤，故選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)D無中生有，通過原文信息無法推測(cè)出3D技術(shù)會(huì)放任知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的侵犯，故選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。原文第一段最后一句話談到了3D技術(shù)可能對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生與工廠的出現(xiàn)同樣深遠(yuǎn)的影響，而前文提到工廠的出現(xiàn)正是工業(yè)革命的重大標(biāo)志，所以3D印刷取得當(dāng)年工業(yè)革命的成就的可能性還是有的，故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A、Additivemanufacturingmayrendercitiesobsolete.B、Therelationbetweenurbanandruralareaswillbeupturneddueto3Dprinting.C、Factoryandmassproductionisboundtodisappear.D、Shouldfactorydisappear,urbanizationwouldstillbeinprocess.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬推斷題。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話談到了城市在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)方面的好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過它們吸引工人到人工裝配線上的能力，換句話說，即使工廠像之前推測(cè)的那樣失去了存在的需要，城市在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)還是明顯的，所以城市化的進(jìn)程仍會(huì)繼續(xù)，故選項(xiàng)D為正確答案，同理推之，選項(xiàng)A和B均錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)C犯了過于夸張的錯(cuò)誤。5、Theauthor’sattitudetowards3Dprintingis______.A、curiousB、guardedC、advocatingD、objective標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬態(tài)度題。選項(xiàng)A過于膚淺，作者對(duì)于這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)不僅僅是好奇，從原文最后一句話看，雖然新技術(shù)的利弊尚無法預(yù)料，作者仍推崇這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的走紅，故選項(xiàng)C為最佳答案。選項(xiàng)B的意思是作者對(duì)3D印刷技術(shù)持保守態(tài)度，不合文意。縱觀全文，留意作者用詞的褒貶，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)文章的大部分篇幅都是在夸贊3D技術(shù)，只有一小段提到了一些人的擔(dān)憂，所以無法說明作者對(duì)于這項(xiàng)技術(shù)采取客觀的態(tài)度。Tomostofus,nuclearisanall-or-nothingword.Nuclearwarisunthinkable.Nuclearweaponsmustneverbeused.Nuclearpowerplantsmustbeperfectlysafe.Nuclearmeltdownistheendoftheworld."Goingnuclear"meansyou'vehitthefatalbutton,andthere'snoturningback.Twodaysago,IsalutedthereactorcontainmentvesselsattheFukushimaDaiichipowerplantforsurvivingtheearthquakeandtsunami."Everythingthatcouldgowrongdid",Iwrote.Hourslater,anexplosiondamagedoneofthecontainers.ThatwasacorollarytoMurphy'sLaw:Anyonewhosays"Everythingthatcouldgowrongdid"isoverlookingsomethingelsethatcouldgowrong.Thenuclearindustrylikestothinkfailureisn'tanoption.Itbuildspowerplantsaccordingtoaprinciplecalled"defenseindepth."Underthisprinciple,asarticulatedbytheNuclearEnergyAgency,"consecutiveandindependentlevelsofprotection...wouldallhavetofail"beforeharmcouldhappen.ButthelevelsofprotectionatFukushimaweren'treallyindependent.Theywerealltakenoutbythesamechainofevents.Thequaketriggeredthetsunami,knockingoutthedieselgenerators.Thecoolingsystem'spowerfailureledtoexplosionsthatknockedoutthecoolingsystem'sconduits.Theoverheatedreactorsproducedhydrogenexplosionsthatblewofftheroofsofthereactorbuildings,exposingspent-fuelpoolstotheatmosphere.Nothingismoreexasperatingthanreadingreportsaboutallthethingsthatcan'tbedoneatFukushima—fixingvalves,pumpingwater,ascertainingdamage—becauseofheat,radiation,ortheriskofexplosion.Lastyear,BPpluggedan