2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit2OnwardsandupwardsPeriod2課時素養(yǎng)檢測含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit2Onwardsandupwards課時素養(yǎng)檢測六Unit2Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·攀枝花高二檢測)Recently,ascientistdidsomeexperiments.Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.Iftheyrangthebell,hewouldcomebackandtheycouldeatthecandy.If,however,theydidn’tringthebellandwaitedforhimtocomebackonhisown,theycouldthenhavetwocandies.Inthevideosoftheexperiments,hecanseethechildrenhidingtheireyes,tryingtoexerciseself-controlsotheycanwaitandgettwocandies.Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.

Thechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigheracademicscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations(評價)10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.Theexperimentsareworthnotingbecausepeoplespendalotoftimethinkingabouthowtoimproveeducation,andhowtobecomerich.Butwhentheresultisnotgood,theywillcomebacktoask“howdowegetpeopletogetthesortofself-controlthatleadstosuccess?”Thisistoentertheworldofhumannature.Sotheseexperiments,alongwitheverydayexperience,tellusthatself-controlismostimportant.Youngpeoplewhocansitthroughsometimesboringclassestogetadegreecanworkhardinordertolearnalanguagewell.Theycanavoiddrugsandalcohol.Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedandpainfulexperience.Nowondertheydropoutandtheirlaterlifeisagroupoffoolishideas,suchasdruguse,stealingandsoon.【語篇概述】本文屬于說明文,講解并描述了自控力和將來勝利的關系,試驗表明自控力強的人以后勝利的機會更大。1.Thescientistdidsomeexperimentsto_______.

A.findgoodwaysoftrainingchildrentolearnB.showthatchildren’seducationisimportantC.testchildren’sself-controlandlatersuccessD.testchildren’sintelligenceofringingthebell【解析】選C。推理推斷題。由第三段“Thechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigheracademicscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.”等待的時間越長的孩子學術成果越高,長大后會進入更好的高校,獲得更好的勝利,可知試驗的目的在于探究孩子自控力和勝利之間的關系,故選C。2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brokedown”probablymean?A.Failedtowait. B.Keptwaiting.C.Hidthecandy. D.Atethecandy.【解析】選A。詞義揣測題。依據其次段Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.結果是不一樣的,有些孩子在一分鐘內搖響鈴,而另外一些孩子堅持了15分鐘,可知對兩類孩子進行了對比,故可以推出breakdown為崩潰,無法再堅持。故選A。3.Howlongdidthescientist’sexperimentslastaccordingtothetext?A.Just15minutes. B.Within10years.C.Lessthan14years. D.About28years.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.以及第三段“Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.”可知,起先做試驗是孩子4歲的時候,最終于32歲的時候結束,故可知,試驗持續(xù)了大約28年,故選D項。4.Whatwillthechildrenwithoutself-controldoatschoolaccordingtothetext?A.Theywillimprovetheireducation.B.Theywillsufferalotfromboringlessons.C.Theywillbecomeveryrichandsuccessful.D.Theywillworkhardtocatchupwithothers.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據最終一段“Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedandpainfulexperience.”可知,缺乏自控力的孩子,學業(yè)對于他們來說就是連續(xù)失敗和苦痛的體驗,故選B。BWhyaresomepeoplebetterabletofightoffthefluthanothers?Partoftheanswer,accordingtoanewstudy,isrelatedtothefirstflustrainweencounteredinchildhood.ScientistsfromUCLAandtheUniversityofArizonahavefoundthatpeople’sabilitytofightoffthefluvirusisdeterminednotonlybythesubtypesofflutheyhavehadthroughouttheirlives,butalsobythesequence(依次)inwhichtheyhavebeeninfectedbythoseviruses.Theirstudywaspublishedintheopen-accessjournalPLoSPathogens.Theresearchoffersanexplanationforwhysomepeoplebecomemuchworsethanotherswheninfectedwiththesamestrainofthefluvirus.Inaddition,UCLAscientists,includingProfessorJamesLloyd-Smith,whowasalsoaseniorauthorofthePLoSPathogensresearch,recentlycompletedastudythatanalyzedtravel-relatedscreeningforthe2024-nCoV(新型冠狀病毒).Theresearchersreportedthatscreeningtravelersisnotveryeffectiveforthe2024-nCoV—thatitwillcatchlessthanhalfofinfectedtravelers,onaverage—andthatmostinfectedtravelersareundetectable,meaningthattheyhavenosymptomsyet,andareunawarethattheyhavebeenexposed.Sostoppingthespreadofthevirusisnotsimplyamatterofenhancingscreeningmethodsatairportsandothertravelcenters.“Thisputstheonusongovernmentofficialsandpublichealthofficialstofollowupwithtravelersaftertheyarrive,toisolatethemandtracetheircontactsiftheygetsicklater,”saidLloyd-Smith,aUCLAprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiology.“Manygovernmentshavestartedtoimposequarantine(隔離),oreventravelbans,astheyrealizethatscreeningisnotsufficienttostopthespreadofthe2024-nCoV.”O(jiān)nemajorconcern,Lloyd-Smithsaid,isthatothercountries,especiallydevelopingnations,lacktheinfrastructureandresourcesforthosemeasures,andarethereforevulnerabletoimportingthedisease.“MuchofthepublichealthworldisveryconcernedaboutthevirusbeingintroducedintoAfricaorIndia,wherelargepopulationsexistthatdonothaveaccesstoadvancedmedicalcare,”hesaid.5.Whatisthesignificanceofthescientists’research?A.Itexplainsthecauseofthefluvirus.B.Itreducestheriskofpeoplebeinginfected.C.Itanalyzespeople’sabilitytofightoffthevirus.D.Itstopsthespreadofthefluvirusallaroundtheworld.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據其次段可知這項探討說明了為什么有些人在感染同一種流感病毒后病情會變得比其他人嚴峻得多。緣由在于人們反抗流感病毒的實力不僅取決于他們一生中經驗的流感的子類型,還取決于他們被病毒感染的依次。因此這項探討分析了不同的人反抗病毒有不同的實力。6.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2024-nCoVfromParagraph3?A.Travelersareathighriskofbeingexposedtoit.B.Itismoredifficulttostopitsspreadthanexpected.C.Mosttravelersinfectedwithitaredetectedbyscreening.D.Itspreadsespeciallyquicklyatairportsandrailwaystations.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據第三段可知對旅客進行篩查,對于新型冠狀病毒并不是很有效——平均來說,只能檢測到不到一半的旅客感染了這種病毒——而且大多數(shù)受感染的旅客是無法檢測到的,這意味著他們還沒有任何癥狀,也不知道自己已經接觸過這種病毒。因此要阻斷其傳播比我們預料的要難得多。7.WhydoesthewritermentionLloyd-Smith’swordsinParagraph4?A.Topersuadepeoplenottotravel.B.Toprovideamethodtokillthevirus.C.Toshowtheharmfuleffectsofthevirus.D.Tostresstheresponsibilitiesofofficials.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。Lloyd-Smith認為政府官員和公共衛(wèi)生官員有責任在旅行者抵達后對他們進行跟蹤,隔離他們,并在他們隨后患病時追蹤他們的接觸者,因此D項“強調了政府的責任”是正確答案。8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inthelastparagraph?A.Easy. B.Impossible.C.Responsible. D.Indifferent.【解析】選A。詞義揣測題。由前文的“缺乏實行那些措施的基礎設施和資源”,可知這些國家很簡單輸入這種疾病。Ⅱ.完形填空WhenIwasakid,Ilovedtosingandshowedatalentforthedrama.ItoldmyparentsthatIwantedtogotoNewYorkand1Broadwayoneday,andtheyalwayssupportedme.Myvoice,2“prettygood”,wasn’treallyBroadwayqualityandthelifeofaBroadwaysingerwasn’taneasyone.Theyneversaidnotome.They3toldmeIcouldbesomeoneIwantedtobe.They4metojoinachurchchoir(唱詩班)attimesandtakevoicelessons.IntheendIrealizedthatBroadwaywasn’tgoingtobemything,butIalways5thatmyparentstoldmeitwaspossible.Evennowasanadult,theypushmetoacceptnew6.

NowthatIamamum,theideaofhavingachildwhoismotivatedseemsamazingand,7,alittlebitworrying.Whatifshefails?Willitdefeather?Whatifsheperformsinfrontofanaudienceandforgetsthe8toasong,orwhatifsheis9?

Butperhapsthemostworrisome10arewhatifshesucceeds,howIwouldparentachildthatis11successfulthanIwasatthatageandhowIwouldencouragemychildrenandteachher.

Idon’thavetheanswerstoanyofthesequestions,12Iwillencouragemychildrentofollowtheir13.Havingayoungchilddosomethingthatissoextraordinarymightseem14.Butifyourchildhasadream,doyourverybesttohelphimorherfollowit.Whoknows?Youmightjusthavethe15greatworld-changeronyourbands.

【語篇概述】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者小時候幻想著去百老匯唱歌。盡管作者并不適合百老匯,但是作者的父母始終支持作者。作者依據自己的經驗告知讀者:父母應當激勵孩子堅持自己的幻想。1.A.sing B.dance C.run D.drive【解析】選A。考查動詞詞義辨析。sing唱歌;dance跳舞;run跑步;drive開車。依據前文作者喜愛唱歌可知,作者想要去百老匯唱歌。故答案選A。2.A.also B.yet C.ever D.though【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。also也;yet但是;ever曾經;though盡管。盡管我的嗓音相當好,但不是百老匯風格的。所以答案選D。3.A.always B.sometimesC.seldom D.never【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。always總是;sometimes有時候;seldom很少;never從來不。依據前文可知,父母始終是支持我的,所以他們總是讓我做我想做的事情,所以答案選A。4.A.demanded B.encouragedC.persuaded D.promised【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。demand要求;encourage激勵;persuade勸服;promise承諾。依據前文可知,父母始終支持作者。由此推知,該句應指:父母激勵我加入唱詩班。所以答案選B。5.A.hoped B.doubtedC.agreed D.appreciated【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。hope希望;doubt懷疑;agree同意;appreciate感謝。最終作者知道自己不適合去百老匯,但是仍舊感謝父母始終激勵自己。所以答案選D。6.A.decisions B.favorsC.challenges D.tasks【解析】選C?？疾槊~詞義辨析。decisions確定;favors恩惠;challenges挑戰(zhàn);tasks任務。父母推動我接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。所以答案選C。7.A.merely B.honestlyC.fortunately D.shortly【解析】選B?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。merely僅僅;honestly誠懇地;fortunately幸運地;shortly不久,立即。依據句意:有一個有動力的孩子的想法看起來很令人驚異,但醇厚說,有點令人擔憂。所以答案選B。8.A.meanings B.postersC.names D.words【解析】選D。考查名詞詞義辨析。meaning意思;poster海報;name名字;word歌詞。作者擔憂孩子會出現(xiàn)在觀眾面前唱歌遺忘歌詞的狀況。所以答案選D。9.A.knockedover B.laughedatC.wakenup D.referredto【解析】選B?？疾槎陶Z詞義辨析。knockover弄翻;laughat訕笑;wakeup醒來;referto提到。依據前面的whatif可知,這些都列舉的是作者擔憂的事,故該處應指:假如(孩子)被訕笑了怎么辦?所以答案選B。10.A.times B.n