考研英語歷年閱讀理解

1986年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

Text1

Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersin

engineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoare

abletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inother

words,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.We

cancallthesepeople“generalists."Andthese“generalists“areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,

whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeother

people'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.

Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa“trained”man;andhiseducational

backgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;

hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;andthehumanities

arehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagood

generalistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferent

organizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichof

thetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.

Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou-butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobs

constantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookupon

thefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessfor

beinganemployee.

26.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.

[AJallroundpeopleintheirownfields

[B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'swork

ICJgeneralistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional

[D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers

27.Thespecialistis.

[A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople

[B]amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields

fC]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees

[D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters

28.Theadministratoris.

[A]a"trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist

[B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest

[C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities

[D]amanwhoisan“educated“specialist

29.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.

[A]totrytobeageneralist

[B]tochooseaprofitablejob

[C]tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou

[D]todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist

30.Aman'sfirstjob.

[A]isnevertherightjobforhim

[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob

[C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob

[D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob

Test2

AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.

Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisa

completeblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.Antarcticadiffers

fundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythe

landmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustralia

combined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld-the

Atlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.

Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmore

refrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearby

seasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobe

areinhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmost

ofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia-aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulofweather

stations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.

31.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.

fA]Iceland

[B]LandofOpportunity

[C]TheUnknownContinent

[DJUtopiaatLast

32.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas.

[AJverylimited

[B]vast

ICJfairlyrich

[D]nonexistent

33.Antarcticaisborderedbythe.

[A]PacificOcean

[BJIndianOcean

[C]AtlanticOcean

[DJAllthree

34.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby.

[A]coldair

[B]calmseas

[C]ice

[D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent

35.Accordingtothisarticle.

[A]2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent

[B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole

[C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpractical

[D]onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica

1987年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

Text1

Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythat

spunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,

calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.

Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubing

witharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabove

theground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.

Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethat

verticalHighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectations

werenotfulfilled.

Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsand

strategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitan

areasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,

engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreand

remoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskfora

helicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescue

work,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.

11.Peopleexpectthat.

[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters

[BJhelicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenow

doing

ICJtheimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuture

[D]theirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftoday

12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof.

[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop

[BJarotatingdevicetopside

[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend

[DJarotatingfanunderneathforlifting

13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?

[AJHelicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.

[B]Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.

[CJHelicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.

[D]Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.

14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?

[A]Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.

[BJTheyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.

[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.

[DJTheyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.

15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?

[A]Foroverseaspassengertransportation.

[B]Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.

[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.

[D]Forurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.

Text2

InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathletic

festivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,became

firstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.Noone

knowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.Thegamestook

placeinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,but

nomamedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedto

compete.Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,buteventsincludedboy'sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracing

andfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.

OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.

Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympic

winnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresults

comparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.

Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.They

continuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:theideathatahealthy

bodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetition

thatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin

1896.

Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,includinga

stadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcourtierspaytheirownathletes'expenses.

TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun'srays.Itiscarried

byasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,

anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodem

conception:thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.

16.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames.

[A]weremerelynationalathleticfestivals

[BJwereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour

[C]hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition

[DJwereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants

17.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames.

[AJonlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames

[B]allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart

[CJallGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames

[D]allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames

18.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics.

[A]hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished

[BJvariedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors

[C]wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld

[D]wasconsideredunimportant

19.Modernathletes?resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause.

[AJtheGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults

[B]theyaremuchbetter

ICJdetailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast

[D]theyaremuchworse

20.Nowadays,theathletes5expensesarepaidfor.

[A]outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

[B]outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

[C]bytheathletesthemselves

[D]bycontributions

Text3

Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain“sufferswithcivilization'severystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannot

reallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredicted,butoftheirnatureno

moreisknowntothemodernscientistthantoThaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,a

hardyellowish-browngum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthese

mysteriousforces“really”are."Electricity,“BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathing,likeSt.PauPsCathedral;itisaway

inwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstances

theyareelectrified,wehavetoldallthereistoUntilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.

Aristotle,forexample,whosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatman

couldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,forexample,thatitisa

self-evidentprinciplethateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothe

groundbecausethat'swheretheybelong,andsmokegoesupbecausethat'swhereitbelongs.ThegoalofAristotelian

sciencewastoexplainwhythingshappen.ModemsciencewasbomwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthings

happenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.

21.Theaimofcontrolledscientificexperimentsis.

[A]toexplainwhythingshappen

[B]toexplainhowthingshappen

[C]todescribeself-evidentprinciples

[D]tosupportAristotelianscience

22.Whatprinciplesmostinfluencedscientificthoughtfortwothousandyears?

[A]thespeculationsofThales

[B]theforcesofelectricity,magnetism,andgravity

[C]Aristotle'snaturalscience

[D]Galileo'sdiscoveries

23.BertrandRusselPsnotionaboutelectricityis.

[AJdisapprovedofbymostmodernscientists

[B]inagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples

ICJinagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"how”thingshappen

[D]inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward<twhy^^thingshappen

24.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeidea.

[A]thattherearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse

[BJthatmancannotdiscoverwhatforces“really”are

[C]thatthereareself-evidentprinciples

[DJthatwecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo

25.Modernsciencecameintobeing.

[AJwhenthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwasfirstintroduced

[B]whenGalileosucceededinexplaininghowthingshappen

ICJwhenAristotelianscientisttriedtoexplainwhythingshappen

[D]whenscientistswereabletoacquireanunderstandingofrealityofreasoning

1988年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

Text1

Itdoesn'tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadorstudyifyoucan'tremember

it.Youjustwasteyourvaluabletime.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffrom

forgetting.

Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeorreasonforreading.

Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyou'rereading.

Whydoesaclerkinastoregoawayandleaveyouwhenyourreplytoheroffertohelpis,“No,thankyou.I'mjust

looking^^?Bothyouandsheknowthatifyouaren'tsurewhatyouwant,youarenotlikelytofindit.Butsupposeyou

sayinstead,t4Yes,thankyou.Iwantapairofsunglasses."Shesays,“Rightthisway,please."Andyouandsheareoff

-botheagertolookforexactlywhatyouwant.

It'squitethesamewithyourstudying.Ifyouchoseabookatrandom,44justlooking“fornothinginparticular,youare

likelytogetjustthat-nothing.Butifyoudoknowwhatyouwant,andifyouhavetherightbook,youarealmostsure

togetit.Yourreasonswillvary;theywillincludereadingorstudying“tofindoutmoreabout”，“tounderstandthe

reasonsfor”,"tofindouthow”.Agoodstudenthasaclearpurposeorreasonforwhatheisdoing.

Thisisthewayitworks.Beforeyoustarttostudy,yousaytoyourselfsomethinglikethis,“Iwanttoknowwhy

StephenVincentBenethappenedtowriteaboutAmerica.I'mreadingthisarticletofindout.,,Or,'Tmgoingtoskim

thisstorytoseewhatlifewaslikeinmedievalEngland."Becauseyouknowwhyyouarereadingorstudying,you

relatetheinformationtoyourpurposeandrememberitbetter.

Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportantprocessesgoonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakein

ideasrapidlyandaccurately.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.

Youhaveakindofmentalconversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:

“Yes,Iagree.That'smyopiniontoo."or"Ummmm,Ithoughtthatrecordwasbrokenmuchearlier.I'dbettercheck

thosedates,"or“Buttherearesomeotherfactstobeconsidered!**Youdon'tjustsittheretakinginideas-youdo

somethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.

Thisadditionalprocessofthinkingaboutwhatyoureadincludesevaluatingit,relatingittowhatyoualreadyknow,

andusingitforyourownpurposes.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.Onepartofcriticalreading,asyou

havediscovered,isdistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone's

ownpersonalreactions.

Anotherpartofcriticalreadingisjudgingsources.Stillanotherpartisdrawingaccurateinferences.

16.Ifyoucannotrememberwhatyoureadorstudy,.

[A]itisnosurprise

[B]itmeansyouhavenotreallylearnedanything

[CJitmeansyouhavenotchosentherightbook

[D]yourealizeitisofnoimportance

17.Beforeyoustartreading,itisimportant.

[A]tomakesurewhyyouarereading

[BJtorelatetheinformationtoyourpurpose

[C]torememberwhatyouread

[DJtochooseaninterestingbook

18.Readingactivityinvolves.

[AJonlytwosimultaneousprocesses

[B]primarilylearningaboutideasandevaluatingthemcritically

[CJmerelydistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions

[D]mainlydrawingaccurateinferences

19.Agoodreaderisonewho.

[A]relateswhathereadstohisownknowledgeaboutthesubjectmatter

[BJdoeslotsofthinkinginhisreading

[C]takesacriticalattitudeinhisreading

[D]isabletocheckthefactspresentedagainstwhathehasalreadyknown

Text2

Ifyouliveinalargecity,youarequitefamiliarwithsomeoftheproblemsofnoise,butbecauseofsomeofitsharmful

effects,youmaynotbeawareoftheextentofitsinfluenceonhumanbehavior.Althougheveryonemoreorlessknows

whatnoiseis,i.e.,itissoundsthatonewouldrathernothear,itisperhapsbesttodefineitmorepreciselyforscientific

purposes.Onesuchdefinitionisthatnoiseissoundsthatareunrelatedtothetaskathand.Thusstimulithatatonetime

mightbeconsideredrelevantwillatanothertimebeconsiderednoise,dependingonwhatoneisdoingatthemoment.

Inrecentyearstherehasbeenagreatdealofinterestintheeffectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior,andconceptssuchas

“noisepollution,,havearisen,togetherwithmovementstoreducenoise.

Exposuretoloudnoisescandefinitelyproduceapartialorcompletelossofhearing,dependingontheintensity,

duration,andfrequencycompositionofthenoise.Manyjobspresentnoisehazards,suchasworkinginfactoriesand

aroundjetaircraft,drivingfarmtractors,andworking(orsitting)inmusichallswhererockbandsareplaying.In

general,continuousexposuretosoundsofover80decibels(ameasureoftheloudnessofsound)canbeconsidered

dangerous.Decibelvaluescorrespondtovarioussounds.Soundsaboveabout85decibelsmay,ifexposureisfora

sufficientperiodoftime,producesignificanthearingloss.Actuallosswilldependupontheparticularfrequenciesto

whichoneisexposed,andwhetherthesoundiscontinuousorintermittent.

Noisecanhaveunexpectedharmfuleffectsonperformanceofcertainkindsoftasks,forinstance,ifoneisperforminga

watchkeepingtaskthatrequiresvigilance,inwhichheisresponsiblefordetectingweaksignalsofsomekind(e.g,,

watchingaradarscreenfortheappearanceofaircraft).

Communicatingwithotherpeopleisunfavorablyaffectedbynoise.Ifyouhaveriddenintherearofajettransport,you

mayhavenoticedthatitwasdifficulttocarryonaconversationatfirst,andthat,eventually,youadjustedtheloudness

ofyourspeechtocompensatefortheeffect.Theproblemisnoise.

20.Noisediffersfromsoundinthat.

[A]itissoundsthatinterferewiththetaskbeingdone

[B]itisaspecialtypeofloudsound

[C]itisusuallyunavoidableinbigcities

[D]itcanbedefinedmorepreciselythanthelatter

21.Oneoftheharmfuleffectsofnoiseonhumanperformanceisthat.

[A]itreducesone'ssensitivity

[B]itrendersthevictimhelpless

fC]itdeprivesoneoftheenjoymentofmusic

[D]itdrownsoutconversationsatworksites

22.Thepurposeofthispassageis.

[Altodefinetheeffectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior

[BJtowarnpeopleofthedangerofnoisepollution

[C]togiveadviceastohowtopreventhearingloss

[DJtotellthedifferencebetweennoiseandsound

Text3

Thetraditionalbeliefthatawoman'splaceisinthehomeandthatawomanoughtnottogoouttoworkcanhardlybe

reasonablymaintainedinpresentconditions.Itissaidthatitisawoman'stasktocareforthechildren,butfamilies

todaytendtobesmallandwithayearortwobetweenchildren.Thusawoman'swholeperiodofchildbearingmay

occurwithinfiveyears.Furthermore,withcompulsoryeducationfromtheageoffiveorsixherroleaschiefeducator

ofherchildrensoonceases.Thus,evenifweagreethatawomanshouldstayathometolookafterherchildrenbefore

theyareofschoolage,formanywomen,thisperiodwouldextendonlyforabouttenyears.

Itmightbearguedthatthehouse-proudwomanwouldstillfindplentytodoaboutthehome.Thatmaybeso,butitis

certainlynolongernecessaryforawomantospendherwholelifecooking,cleaning,mendingandsewing.Washing

machinestakethedrudgeryoutoflaundry,thelatestmodelsbeingentirelyautomaticandabletowashanddryalarge

quantityofclothesinafewminutes.Refrigeratorshavemadeitpossibletostorefoodforlongperiodsandmany

pre-cookedfoodsareobtainableintins.Shopping,insteadofbeingadailytask,canbecompletedinonedayaweek.

Thenewman-madefibersaremorehardwiringthannaturalfibersandgreatlyreducemending,whilegoodready-made

clothesarecheapandplentiful.

Apartfromwomen'sownhappiness,theneedsofthecommunitymustbeconsidered.Modemsocietycannotdowell

withoutthecontributionthatwomencanmakeinprofessionsandotherkindsofwork.Thereisaseriousshortageof

nursesandteachers,tomentiononlytwooftheoccupationsfollowedbywomen.Itisextremelywastefultogiveyears

oftrainingatpublicexpenseonlytohavethequalifiedteacherornursemarryafterayearortwoandbelostforeverto

herprofession.Thetraining,itistrue,willhelpherindutiesasamother,butifshecontinuedtowork,herservice

wouldbemorewidelyuseful.Manyfactoriesandshops,too,arelargelystaffedbywomen,manyofthemmarried.

Whileherethequestionoftrainingisnotsoimportant,industryandtradewouldbeseriouslyshortofstaffifmarried

womendidnotwork.

23.Theauthorholdsthat.

[A]therightplaceforallwomen,marriedorotherwise,isthehome,notelsewhere

[B]allmarriedwomenshouldhavesomeoccupationoutsidethehome

[C]amarriedwomanshouldgivefirstprioritytoherdutiesasamother

[D]itisdesirableforuneducatedmarriedwomentostayathomeandtakecareofthefamily

24.Ahouse-proudwoman.

[Alwoulddevoteherwholelifetoherfamily

[B]wouldtakeherownhappinessandthatofherfamilyasherchiefconcern

[C]wouldstillneedsomespecialtrainingatpublicexpensetohelpherinherdutiesasahousewife

[D]wouldtakefulladvantageofmodernhouseholdappliances

25.Accordingtotheauthor,modernsociety.

[A]canoperatejustaswellevenwithoutwomenparticipation

[B]hasbeengreatlyhamperedinitsdevelopmentbytheshortageofwomennursesandwomenteachers

[C]cannotoperateproperlywithoutthecontributionofwomen

[D]willbeseriouslyaffectedbythecontinuingshortageofworkingwomeninheavyindustriesandinternationaltrade

1989年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

Test1

Ascientistoncesaid:"Ihaveconcludedthattheearthisbeingvisitedbyintelligentlycontrolledvehiclesfromouter

space.”

IfwetakethisasareasonableexplanationforUFOs(unidentifiedflyingobjects),questionsimmediatelycomeup.

“Whydon'ttheygetintouchwithus,then?Whydon'ttheylandrightontheWhiteHouselawnanddeclare

themselves?^^peopleasked.

Inreply,scientistssaythat,whilethismaybewhatwewant,itmaynotnecessarilybewhattheywant.

“Themostlikelyexplanation,itseemstome,^^saidDr.Mead,“isthattheyaresimplywatchingwhatweareupto—

thatresponsiblesocietyoutsideoursolarsystemiskeepinganeyeonustoseethatwedon'tsetinmotionachain

reactionthatmighthaveunexpectedeffectsforoutsideoursolarsystem.^^

Opinionsfromotherscientistsmightgolikethis:"Whyshouldtheywanttogetintouchwithus?Wemayfeelwe're

moreimportantthanwereallyare!Theymaywanttoobserveusonlyandnotinterferewiththedevelopmentofour

civilization.Theymaynotcareifweseethembuttheyalsomaynotcaretosay'hello'.”

SomescientistshavealsosuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlifereserve.Justaswesetasidewildernessareas

andwildlifereservestoallowanimalsandgrowingthingstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem,s