大二輪高考總復習英語第02部分專題01第01節(jié)撥云見日巧解細節(jié)理解題

第一節(jié)撥云見日——巧解細節(jié)理解題1．“斷章取義”尋依據——題干定位法。首先要認真閱讀題干或選項，迅速確定關鍵詞語，如：人物、地點、時間、事件等，以關鍵詞為線索，返回文章跳讀尋查。如利用人名、地點、時間等，直接到文章中去找涉及到這些信息的相關句子，即可準確地找到答案?！镜淅?】(2017·全國卷Ⅱ，A)eq\x(阿凡題1084526)...HabimaNationalTheatreTelAvivHebrewTheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew－languagetheatreworldwide.FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution，thepanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s.Since1958，theyhavebeenrecognisedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.Date&Time：Monday28May,7：30pm&Tuesday29May,7：30pm...WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew?A．OnSaturday28April.B．OnSunday29April.C．OnTuesday22May.D．OnTuesday29May.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據題干中的inHebrew可以定位至HabimaNationalTheatre處，根據最后一部分內容“Date&Time：Monday28May,7：30pm&Tuesday29May,7：30pm”可知，在5月29日是可以看戲劇的，故選D項。A、B、C三項張冠李戴，A、B兩項是NationalTheatreofChina的戲劇演出的時間安排；C項是DeafinitelyTheatre的戲劇演出的時間安排。只有D項符合。答案：D2．“去偽存真”辨是非首先瀏覽題目所提供的四個選項。若各選項針對同一內容，則要找出各個選項之間的差異，再帶著問題去原文中核實文章的實際內容；若各個選項陳述的內容不一致，“各自為政”，則要根據題干或選項中提供的線索回讀原文，逐個找到相關句，最后確定答案。另外，解答細節(jié)理解題時，不能脫離原文，不能想當然地依賴自己的文化背景知識，而應該在文章中找出相應出外，并根據相應出處的信息作選擇?！镜淅?】(2017·全國卷Ⅱ，A)eq\x(阿凡題1084527)...DeafinitelyTheatreLondonBritishSignLanguage(BSL)BytranslatingtherichandhumoroustextofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL，DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare’sedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.Date&Time：Tuesday22May,2：30pm&Wednesday23May,7：30pmWhatisspecialaboutDeafinitelyTheatre?A．Ithastwogroupsofactors.B．ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.C．ItperformsplaysinBSL.D．Itisgoodatproducingedies.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據DeafinitelyTheatreLondon|BritishSignLanguage(BSL)下面的第一句“BytranslatingtherichandhumoroustextofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL...”可知，在DeafinitelyTheatre中，戲劇是用BSL(英國手語)來演出的。故選C項。A項偷換概念，文中指出DeafinitelyTheatre的觀眾包括失聰的人和正常人兩種群體，而不是它的演員；B項無中生有，文章沒有說DeafinitelyTheatre是倫敦最好的劇院；D項曲解文意，文中雖然提到了edy，但提到的是這家劇院對莎士比亞的喜劇新的詮釋，不是這家劇院擅長制作喜劇。答案：C3．“同義互釋”定選項細節(jié)題答案選項的表述通常不是用文章的原話，而是使用與之同義或近義的詞語來表達。如：把loseone’sjob換成outofwork；important換成ofimportance?？忌欢ㄒ氐轿闹姓页雠c答題內容相關的詞語和句子，在理解原文的基礎上從備選項中找出與原文意思相同或相近的詞或短語?！镜淅?】(2017·全國卷Ⅲ，B)eq\x(阿凡題1084528)...ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold，mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary－eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood－byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown....WhywasTheLastPictureShowputon?A．Itwasanall－timeclassic.B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C．Theaudiencerequestedit.D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.解析：根據第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.”可知，影院選擇放映電影TheLastPictureShow，是因為影院老板認為它比較合適。故選D項。A項答非所問。它是部經典電影，但這不是選擇它的原因。B項顛倒是非。這部電影以一個小城鎮(zhèn)為背景，這個鎮(zhèn)上唯一的電影院即將關門。這個小城鎮(zhèn)不是影院老板所在的城鎮(zhèn)。C項無中生有。文中沒有提及，而且文章說的是，影院老板安排放映了這部影片。答案：D4．“本末倒置”讀廣告廣告、字典、公告、演出信息、航班時間表以及借書卡片等一般為功能閱讀，需快速尋找信息。做這類題時沒有必要閱讀全文，可采用“題干定位法”，即：先閱讀題干，然后根據問題，有針對性地閱讀相關部分，縮小閱讀范圍，提高解題效率?！镜淅?】(2017·全國卷Ⅲ，A)eq\x(阿凡題1084529)SanFranciscoFireEngineToursSanFranciscoWineryTourRunning：February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketprice)DepartingfromtheCannery：TourtimesuponrequestDuration(時長)：2hoursPrice：$90WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?A．SanFranciscoWineryTour.B．BacktotheFiftiesTour.C．SpookyHalloweenTour.D．HolidayLightsTour.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第一個標題SanFranciscoWineryTour下的February1stthroughApril30th可知，此項活動從2月1日持續(xù)到4月30日，所以如果3月份出游，要選擇SanFranciscoWineryTour，故選A項。答案：A5．“加減乘除”巧計算數字計算題是近年來?？嫉囊环N題型，有的可以在文中直接找到答案，有的可以在文中找到相關的數字信息，但要經過對比、分析及具體的計算才能得到答案。解答此類題目時應做到以下三點：第一，要審清題目，弄清楚題目問的是什么，不要盲目作答；第二，要比對原文中的數字和單位；第三，不要忽視文中的任何一個數字?！镜淅?】(2017·北京卷，B)eq\x(阿凡題1084530)...SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap，aPassportPuzzleBooklet，andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback....Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12－monthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A．￡55. B．￡60.C．￡65. D．￡70.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的幾個關鍵點，12－month(即annual“一年的”)，withgiftpack及fromChina(即RestofWorld)，以及AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPack部分中的“RestofWould￡70”答案：DAJetSkiingInstructors：CampLohikanisafirst－classsummercamplyinginthePoconoMountainsofPennsylvania.Ourcampersrangeinagefrom6to15andetocampfromallovertheworld.Sodoesourstaff!Wepaythebestsalariestorecruitthebeststaff.Weknowthatthemostimportantelementinguaranteeingthatourcampershaveagreatsummerexperienceisourstaff.Ifyouhavethetalenttoteachorworkintheareaofyourspecialtyandyouareanoutgoing，friendlyindividualwhowillbeapositiverolemodelforchildrenandyouenjoyworkingwithkids，westronglyencourageyoutopleteouremploymentapplication!EmploymentBenefits：·Travelallowanceisavailable.·Tippingispermitted.·Room，boardandlaundryservicesareprovided.Youhavenoexpenses!·Nightsoffanddaysoffarescheduledthroughoutthesummer.OurbeststaffisrecruitedfromacrosstheUSandEuropeandprovidesauniquesocialexperienceforourcampers.WorkingatCampLohikanistheexperienceofalifetime.Thepersonalgrowth，therewardsofworkingwithchildren，theexcitementofanactive，diversemunityandtheclosefriendshipsthatyouformwillstaywithyoulongafterthesummerends.ManystaffmembersdescribetheiremploymentatCampToApply：Thebestwaytoapplyforthejobisonlineatlohikan/staffrec.htm.Youcanalsotelephoneourofficeat9084709317andwe’llbehappytomailyouourStaffApplicationPackage.Getreadyforthebestsummerofyourlife!1.Whatplaysakeyroleinensuringcampershaveagoodtime?A．Staff’ssalaries.B．Children’srolemodels.C．Thepany’semployees.D．Thepany’smanagement.2．WhatwillyoudowhileworkingatCampA．Tipthewaiters.B．Payforthemeals.C．Gaintravelallowance.D．Haveadayoffeveryweek.3．Whichmeansismostpreferredtoapplyforthejob?A．OntheInternet. B．Facetoface.C．Onthephone. D．Bye－mail.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇應用文，是一個夏令營招募員工的廣告。1．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據文中的“themostimportantelementinguaranteeingthatourcampershaveagreatsummerexperienceisourstaff”可知選C。答案：C2．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據EmploymentBenefits中的“Travelallowanceisavailable”可知選C。答案：C3．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據ToApply中的“Thebestwaytoapplyforthejobisonlineatlohikan/staffrec.htm”可知，通過登錄網站申請是最好的方法，故選A。答案：ABMakingartworkaboutsocietyDesigner：SamGlobeAge：18Family：SingleHome：Alton，Missouri，USWhathemakes：SamistheownerofSam’sOriginals.Hecreatesmultimediaartworkandjewelry.Tellusaboutyourself：Iama2015AltonHighSchoolgraduate.Inthefall，IamattendingtheSchooloftheArtInstituteofChicago(SAIC)inthehopeofreceivingaBachelorofFineArtsdegree.Tellusaboutyourpany：IstartedSam’sOriginalsasafreshmaninhighschoolsellingjewelryandartwork.Icreatemultimediapieces，paintings，photographyandrecycledadornments(裝飾品)．Whatinspiresyou？Currentissuesinspiremyartpieces.Twoofmyrecentmultimediapiecesdealwithassassination(暗殺)andtheinfluencesocietyhasonpresidents.Myjewelryismadefromproductsmanypeoplewouldconsidertrashlikebrokenskateboardsandbicycletubes(輪胎)．Whatisyourgreateststrength，andhowdoesitaidinthecreatingprocess？Ibelievethatmygreateststrengthwouldbemyabilitytobecreative.IthelpsthecreatingprocessespeciallywhenIambrainstormingconceptsformynextpiece.Howdoyoumakeeachpieceunique？EachpieceisuniquebecauseofthevariousformsofmaterialsIuseinmywork，includingcollage，stenciling，photographyandscreen－printing.Howlongdoesittaketomakeeachpiece？Theamountoftimeittakestocreateapiecedefinitelydependsonhowdifficultthespecificworkis.Itmaytakeanhourortwoorevenuptoawholemonth.Wheredoyouseeisyourbusinessheaded？InfiveyearsIwillgraduatefromcollege，andmybrotherandIhopetoownadesignbusinessinAlton.4．WhendidSamGlobebeginSam’sOriginals?A．In2015.B．Whenhegraduatedfromcollege.C．WhenhewasafreshmanatSAIC.D．WhenheenteredAlton5．WhatdoesSamGlobedrawhisinspirationfrom?A．Householdtrash.B．Hiskeeninterestinart.C．Greatworksofart.D．Problemsintoday’ssociety.6．What’sthemosthelpfulwhenSamGlobe’singupwithideasofworks?A．Hisexperience. B．Hiscreativity.C．Differentmaterials. D．Brainstorming.[語篇解讀]本文為應用文，介紹了SamGlobe和他的Sam’sOriginals。4．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據Tellusaboutyourpany部分的第一句中的“IstartedSam’sOriginalsasafreshmaninhighschool”可知答案。答案：D5．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據Whatinspiresyou？部分的第一句“Currentissuesinspiremyartpieces”可知D項正確。答案：D6．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據Whatisyourgreateststrength，andhowdoesitaidinthecreatingprocess？部分中的“Ibelievethatmygreateststrengthwouldbemyabilitytobecreative”可知B項正確。答案：BC(2017·廣州畢業(yè)班模擬)ThesunwasrisingwhenDaryl’sdeliverytruckreachedthehighway.Thiswasthebesttimeofdagtodrive，whentheroadswerewideopenandempty.HefeltsurehewasgoingtomakeittoLosAngelesbeforemidnight.Itlookedlikeitwasgoingtobeagoodday.Thenhesawit，alargelumpinthemiddleoftheroad.Daryloftenpasseddeadanimalsontheroadsidebutheknewthatthiswassomethingdifferent.Heslammedonhisbrakesandthetruckscreechedtoahalt.Thelumpwasagirl.Hetriedshakingherawakebutshewouldn’tmove，sohepickedherupandcarriedhertothesideoftheroad.Atleastshewouldn’tberunoverthere.Nowshewassomeoneelse’sproblem.HehadtomakeittoLosAngelesbymidnightanddidn’thavetimetobeahero.Heclimbedbackintohistruckbutashelookedinhismirrorandsawthegirllyingstillbythesideoftheroad，heknewhecouldn’tleaveher.Darylputherintohistruckanddrovetothenexttown.Anhourlaterhepulledupatthepolicestation.Afterexplainingwhathadhappened，hepreparedtoleave，onlyforthepolicemantosaythatheneededtomakeareport.Darylknewthiswouldtakeseveralhours，buthehadnochoice.Therewasnowayhe’dgettoLosAngelesontimenow.Threehourslaterthereportwasdoneandthegirlhadrecoveredsomewhat.Sheexplainedthatshehadfallenonthehighway，weakfromhunger，butcouldremembernothingelse.ShealsothankedDarylforsavingherlife.Daryltoldherthathehadbeenhappytohelp，butashegotbackintohistruckheknewhisbosswouldn’tbe.Justashewasabouttopullbackontotheroad，hismothercalled.“Haveyouseen？”shesaid，“Abridgecollapsedtwohoursago，theonethatyoudriveoveronthewaytoLosAngeles.”Daryl’s_blood_ran_cold.Ifhehadbeenontime，hewouldhavebeenonthatfallenbridgeabouttwohoursago.Darylrealizedhowluckyhewas.[語篇解讀]Daryl在送貨途中看到一位暈倒的女孩，為了幫助她而耽誤了不少時間，不能按時交貨，他擔心老板會生氣。此時母親打過來，告訴他他要經過的一座橋梁在兩小時前塌方了，Daryl因為幫助他人而逃過一劫。7．WhatdidDarylplantodoinLosAngeles?A.Goonholiday. B．Deliversomegoods.C．Visithismum. D．Reporttohisboss.8．WhydidDarylfirstleavethegirlbythesideoftheroad?A．Hedidn’twanttobelate.B．Hethoughtthegirlwouldbefine.C．Heknewthatsomeoneelsewouldhelp.D．Heworriedthepolicewouldblamehim.9．HowdidDarylfeelafterheleftthepolicestation?A．Confidentthathewouldbeontime.B．Angrythathehadtomakethereport.C．Proudthathehadsavedthegirl’slife.D．Worriedthathisbosswouldbeangry.7．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段第一句中的“Daryl’sdeliverytruck”可知他是去洛杉磯送貨物的。答案：B8．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據第四段第二句“HehadtomakeittoLosAngelesbymidnightanddidn’thavetimetobeahero”可知，他需要在午夜之前趕到洛杉磯，怕救女孩而遲到，所以最初他想把那位女孩留在路邊。答案：A9．解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據第六段最后一句中的“ashegotbackintohistruckheknewhisbosswouldn’tbe”可知，當他離開警察局回到自己車上的時候，是在擔心老板會生氣。答案：DDWelikepeoplewholooklikeus，becausetheytendtohavepersonalitiessimilartoourown.And，anewstudysuggests，thelongerwearewithsomeone，themoresimilaritiesinappearancegrow.Researcherssetouttostudywhycouplesoftentendtolooklikeoneanother.Theyasked11maleand11femaleparticipantstojudgetheage，attractivenessandpersonalityof160real－lifemarriedcouples.Photographsofhusbandsandwiveswereviewedseparately，sotheparticipantsdidn’tknowwhowasmarriedtowhom.Thetestparticipantsratedmenandwomenwhowereactualcouplesaslookingalikeandhavingsimilarpersonalities.Also，thelongerthecoupleshadbeentogether，thegreaterthesimilarities.Theresearchersguessthatthesharingofexperiencesmightaffecthowcoupleslook.“Theideathatthereisaconnectionbetweenappearanceandpersonalitymightseemstrangeatfirst，buttherecouldbebiologicalreasonsforalink，”saidstudymemberTonyLittlefromtheUniversityofLiverpoolinEngland.“Thefacedisplaysouremotionsandovertimeemotionalexpressionsmaybeewrittenintheface，”LittletoldLiveScience.Forexample，someonewhosmilesalotmaydeveloplinesandmusclesthataresuggestiveofsomeonewhoishappy.Otherstudieshaveshownthatpartnerswhoaregeneticallysimilartoeachothertendtohavehappiermarriages.Thenewstudyindicatesthatpeoplehavedifferentfeatureswhenusingfacialappearancetomakedecisionsaboutsomeone’spersonality，andthattheparticularcues(暗示)focusedonchangefromfacetoface.Vitaltothed