必修3 unit3 語法名詞性從句

unit3revisionandgrammarStep1:Havearevisionaboutwhatwehavelearnedinthisunit1.撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)；2.大量3.打賭4.迷路5.前進,往下說6.偶然;無意中7.凝視8.導致;解釋9.正相反10.預訂11.冒險12.對于.至于13.衣衫襤褸bringupalargeamountofmakeabetbelostingoaheadbyaccidentstareataccountforonthecontrarybereservedtakeachanceasforinrags15.老實說16.打從心底17.用手捂住嘴巴18.兌開支票19.besetin20.earnone’spassage21spotsb.doing22.eatlikeawolf23.I’lltakecareofthis.24.findfaultwithsb.25It’sgoodmannerstodo…tobehonestfromthebottomofone’sheartputahandtoone’smouthchangethenoteIwonder,MrAdams,ifyou’dmindusaskingafewquestions.ItwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.Ifoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrong…ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingwasanunpaidhand,which

accountsformyappearance.Exercise

1不知您是否介意我坐在您旁邊。（I

wonder

if/whether…）2事實是她從沒努力過，這或許能解釋她的失敗。（thefactis…;which…accountfor)3我剛做完試卷，下課鈴就響了。(hadjustdone…when…)4Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehismotherwasill（用強調(diào)句強調(diào)原因狀語從句）5Theteacherwasangrytofindhimself____(fool)byhisstudents.(用所給詞的恰當形式填空）1Iwonderifyou’dmindmesittingbesideyou.2Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang.3Thefactisthatsheneverworkedhard,whichmightaccountforherfailure.4Itwasbecausehismotherwasillthat

hedidn’tcometoschool5Theteacherwasangrytofindhimselffooledbyhisstudents.

指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分Believeinyourself.Youcanmanageit.Hecanhardlyspeak

anEnglishword.

It

isapitythathecannotswim.3.Suchthingsoughtnottobeallowed.4.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.5.IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.

6.Hehasgotridofhisbadhabit.7.I’veneverseenhim

discouraged.

8.Shekeptus

waitingforovertwohours.9.Shedidn’tknow

whattodonext.10.Autumnhascome.11.Dickisaveryintelligentboy.

12.Thegirldancedbeautifully.13.

Whetherhe’lljoinusinthediscussion

isofgreatimportance.名詞性從句RelatedConception(相關概念)1.名詞:表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。TheboyisliMing.主語表語Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主語同位語賓語在英語的句子結(jié)構中，本來該由名詞充當?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當,這個句子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句?名詞性從句主語從句(TheSubjectClause)賓語從句(TheObjectClause)

表語從句(ThePredicativeClause)同位語從句(TheAppositiveClause)請判斷出下列的句子哪部分是從句,并判斷屬于哪種從句:1.WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.2.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.3.Idon’tthink(that)heisanhonestboy.4.Thefactisthathestolethecar.5.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?6.Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?7.Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主從)(同位語從句)(賓從)(表從)(同位語從句)(定從)(主從)Shesaid(that)sheisgoingtolearnEnglish.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifshestilllivesthere.Idon’tknowwhoallthesepeopleare.ShewantstoknowwhichfilmIlikebest.Pleasetellmewhereshelives.Iamnotinterestedinwhatheisdoing.Iamcertainthatheisathomenow.Iamafraidhewon’tcomeontime.賓語從句在句中充當及物動詞,介詞或某些形容詞賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。賓語從句Idon’tknow（that）youwillcomehere.注意：that在從句中不充當任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常常被省去。但如果從句是并列句時,第二個及以后的分句前that不可省.Weallagreed(that)itwouldbeamistakenottotakehisadvise.Weallthink(that)sheisworkinghardandthatshewillsurelygotoagoodcollege.我不知道他來不來。我想知道他來還是不來。你們是在談論著他來還是不來嗎？他不在乎天氣是否好。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcome.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome?Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.注意：在賓語從句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常與ornot連用；作介詞賓語只用whether;從句是否定句時一般用if。用合適的連接詞填空

1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidn'tgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）whywhothathowhowsoon賓語從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移我認為他不會來這里.Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()注意：如果賓語從句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等詞引導的時候，要將從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。√我認為他不會對我撒謊的.Idon’tthinkhewilllietome.我認為我們不應該借錢給他.Idon’tthinkweshouldlendhimmoney.賓語從句中用it作形式賓語Wethink

it

ourduty

thatweshouldhelpothers.Ifind

it

impossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足語時，一般用it來作形式賓語，把從句放在賓補后面。that不能省.believe,consider,feel,find,make,think賓語從句的時態(tài)和語序Couldyoutellmeifit_____tomorrow?

A.rains B.israiningC.willrain D.rain2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun_____intheeast.

A.rise B.rises C.rose D.risen賓語從句中謂語用shoulddo的情況:Thegeneralorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)allbuydictionaries.Iinsistedthathe(should)apologizetome.一堅持Insist

二命令ordercommand

三建議adviseproposesuggest+recommend四要求askdemandrequestrequire

表語從句在句中充當表語的從句(即放在be動詞后面)叫做表語從句。我們的目的是他能認識到錯誤。Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.注意：引導表語從句的連接詞一般不省略。問題是它是否值得做。Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.注意：表語從句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”Itappearsthattheyareinneedofhelp.Itseemsthathedoesn’tlikelivinghere.Itturnedoutthattwopeoplehadbeenkilledintheaccident.Thathouseis_______thegardentoolsarestored.ThereasonIdon’twanttogothereis______I’vejustgotanewjobhere.Thatwas______theyhadmadethemistake.Everythingintheroomis_____itwastenyearsago.5.Whatwecareaboutis_________itwillbeafinedaytomorrow.wherethathowwhatwhether問題是誰能幫我學英語.這就是她不愿意出國留學的原因.那就是我要告訴你的.ThequestioniswhocanhelpmewithmyEnglish.Thatiswhysheisunwillingtostudyabroad.ThatiswhatIwilltellyou.在句中充當主語的從句叫做主語從句。他星期三來這里是肯定的。hewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.他星期三是否來這里還不肯定的。hewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.That主語從句

Whether

Whathesaidisnottrue.Whobrokethewindowhasnotbeenfoundout.Howheescapedisstillamystery.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.Exercise1_______shesaidpuzzledhim._______shesaidsuchathingpuzzledhim._____________weshouldsendtotakepartinthepartyistobediscussed._______theydon’twanttodroptheplanisclear._______hefinishedtheworkinsoshorttimeremainsaquestion.________itisgoingtosnowthiseveningisnotcertain.WhatWhyWhom/whoThatHowWhetherExercise2______________________________________(月球上沒有生命)isknowntoall._________________________(我在會議上說的)mustbekeptsecret.______________________(是否這件事是真的)remainsaquestion.______________________________________(我們什么時候開會)istobediscussed.Thatthereisnolifeonthemoon

WhatIsaidatthemeetingWhetheritistrueWhenwewillhavethemeetingThathecan’tattendthepartyisapity.Itisapitythathecan’tattendtheparty.Howmuchmoneyisneededishardtosay.Itishardtosayhowmuchmoneyisneeded.Thatthemoonmovesaroundtheearthisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.it做形式主語It+be+形容詞＋that從句Itisnecessarythat…有必要…Itisimportantthat….重要的是…Itisobviousthat……很明顯……It+be+-ed分詞＋that從句Itisbelievedthat…人們相信…Itisknowntous/allthat….眾所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已經(jīng)決定……用it形式主語的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配：It+be+名詞＋that從句Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識Itisasurprisethat….令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat……事實是……It+不及物動詞＋that從句Itappearsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……Exercise3Itisawonder_____youweren'tinjured.Itisstillunknown______and______thistookplace.Itmakesnodifferencetome_________heisrichorpoor.Itisnotyetdecided_______istotakeherplaceassecretarythatwhenwherewhetherwho同位語從句在句中用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。同位語從句一般放在如idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth等含有豐富內(nèi)涵的抽象的詞語后面，用來說明前面那個詞的具體內(nèi)容。一般說來，同位語從句都用that來作連接詞，而且不能省略。也可用how,when,where等。他給了她一個承諾，他會在兩個月后回來。Hegaveherapromisethathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.試區(qū)分以下句子Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?注意：1.如果是定語從句，它的從句肯定是不完整的，關系詞肯定在句中充當成分的；而同位語從句中的that只起連接作用。2.定語從句是對先行詞起修飾作用，而同位語從句則解釋說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。(同從)(定從)Tellthedifference1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.同位語從句定語從句同位語從句定語從句表語從句表語從句1.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how2.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that3.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because4.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because5.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif6.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.