湖南省懷化市2025屆高三英語第一次模擬考試試題含解析

PAGE25-湖南省懷化市2025屆高三英語第一次模擬考試試題（含解析）1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號寫在答題卡和該試題卷的封面上，并仔細(xì)核對條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號和科目。2.考生作答時，選擇題和非選擇題均須做在答題卡上，在本試題卷上答題無效。考生在答題卡上按答題卡中留意事項的要求答題。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。4.本試題卷共8頁，如缺頁，考生須聲明，否則后果自負(fù)。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.5.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whendoestheconcertstart?A.At6:30.B.At7:00.C.At9:00.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Havearest.B.Goonaflight.C.Attendameeting.3.Whowentswimmingyesterday?A.Lucy.B.Lucy’shusband.C.Lucyandherhusband.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Attherailwaystation.B.Intheschool.C.Atthepolicestation.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thestorm.B.Theircar.C.Thedog.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanmajorin?A.EnglishLiterature.B.Art.C.Computer.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Librarianandstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdidthewomancomethismorning?A.Bytrain.B.Bycar.C.Byair.9.Whydidthewomanchangeherjob?A.Becausethesalarywastoolow.B.Becauseshewantedtotrydifferentjobs.C.Becausetheworkingconditionwaspoor.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What’sthewoman’sproblem?A.Shegainsweightagain.B.ShehasnotimetowatchTV.C.Sheistiredofdiscomusic.11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Gooutdoorstodance.B.Listentosomelightmusic.C.Buyadancingmachine.12.Howmuchdoesadancingmachinecostatleast?A.About200yuan.B.About800yuan.C.About1200yuan.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowlonghasLouisebeenworkingatthecenter?A.Foraboutsixmonths.B.Foraboutoneyear.C.Forabouttwoyears.14.HowdidLouisefeelwhenshestartedworkingatthecenter?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident.15.WhatdoesLouiseenjoydoingmostabouthiswork?A.Seeingchildrenhavealotoffun.B.Thinkingofnewthingsforchildrentodo.C.Helpingthechildrenachievemore.16.WhatdoesLouisesayaboutworkingatnight?A.It’sanecessarypartofthejob.B.It’ssomethingthatsheenjoys.C.It’sunfairforhertodoit.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatmaybetaughtbygraduatestudents?A.Beginningcourses.B.Photography.C.Popliterature.18.What’sthemainreasonforgraduatestudentstoteach?A.Tomakesomemoney.B.Togetvaluableexperience.C.Togaintherespectofparents.19.Whichofthefollowingistrue？A.Graduatestudentsmightbegoodteachers.B.Universitycostsmightnotincreaseforever.C.Studentslearnbetteratprivateschools.20.Whatisthemainthemeofthetalk?A.Graduatestudentsasteachers.B.Theimportanceofprofessors.C.FeesofAmericanuniversities.其次部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AManypeopletraveltoenjoyandenrichthemselves.AspoetJalaluddinsaid,“Travelbringspowerandlovebacktoyourlife.”However,theirtravelmethodsmaybedifferenteveryyear.Lonelyplanetlistedthreetoptrendsof2024.Let’stakealook.SolotravelTraditionally,travelseemstobeagroupactivitytohavefuntogetherandavoidloneliness.Butthatchangedin2024.Travelingonyourownmeansthatyouarethebossofeverything,choosingwhereveryouwanttogo.Forsomepeople,italsoshowsabetter,moreconfidentperson,readytosolveanything.Travelingaloneinatotallyforeignlandcanbechallenging.“Itopensupyourmindtonewthingsandpushesyououtofyourcomfortzone,”SaidKristina,atravelerfromtheUS.Augmented(增廣的)attractionsWorldtravelcanbeexpensive.Butvirtualrealityandaugmentedreality,orVRandAR,aregivingmorepossibilitiesto“travel”forlittlecost.Withever-improvingheadsets,smart-phonesandWi-Ficonnections,technologieshavechangedthewaywetravel,bringingthe360-degreeexperienceofmuseums,themeparksandhistoricalsitestoourhomes.In2024,NASAprovidedaVRexperienceofMars,allowingpeopleto“walk”itssurfacewithjustaheadset.Paris’famousmuseums,meanwhile,providedmoreapplicationswithARtechnology.Thisgivesvisitorsmorecontextandinformationaboutexhibits.Withthat,visitorscanviewaseacowgrowingfleshbeforetheireyes.Thesetrendswillhelpyoubeatthecrowdsandexperiencenewkindsoftravel.GettingoffthebeatenpathInordertoavoidthecrowds,manylikedtovisitlessfamousplacesaftersearchingonlineorfollowinglocalagenciesin2024.Withlesstransportationandfewerthingstodo,hittinguponsmalltownsletspeopleslowdownandnoticethelittlethings.Takeawalk,rideabike,drinkcoffee,takeadeepbreathandexplore.1.Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis.A.tointroducethetraveltrendsof2024 B.toencouragemorepeopletotravelC.torecommendtravelhotspots D.toexplainwhatmakesagoodtrip2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Solotravelersarefreetomaketheirowndecisions.B.Travellingalonebenefitspeoplealot.C.NASAprovidedarealexperiencetoMarsforpeople.D.VRandARmakeitcheaperforpeopleto“travel”.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Famousplacesarestillpopularwithmanytravelers.B.Manypeoplebegintoexplorenewwaysoftravelling.C.Manypeopleliketosearchforplacesonline.D.Lesstransportationofsmalltownscausesinconvenience.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】這是一則旅游廣告。文章介紹了2024年的旅游趨勢?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中AspoetJalaluddinsaid,“Travelbringspowerandlovebacktoyourlife.”However,theirtravelmethodsmaybedifferenteveryyear.Lonelyplanetlistedthreetoptrendsof2024.Let’stakealook.“正如詩人賈拉魯丁所說:“旅行給你的生活帶來力氣和愛。”然而，他們的旅行方式可能每年都不同?！豆陋毿乔颉妨谐隽?024年三大流行趨勢。讓我們一起來看看。”由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是介紹2024年的旅游趨勢。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中In2024,NASAprovidedaVRexperienceofMars,allowingpeopleto“walk”itssurfacewithjustaheadset.“在2024年，美國宇航局供應(yīng)了火星的虛擬現(xiàn)實體驗，允許人們僅用一個耳機(jī)“行走”火星表面?！庇纱丝芍?，C項NASAprovidedarealexperiencetoMarsforpeople.（美國宇航局為人們供應(yīng)了一次真正的火星體驗。）是錯誤的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Inordertoavoidthecrowds,manylikedtovisitlessfamousplacesaftersearchingonlineorfollowinglocalagenciesin2024.Withlesstransportationandfewerthingstodo,hittinguponsmalltownsletspeopleslowdownandnoticethelittlethings.Takeawalk,rideabike,drinkcoffee,takeadeepbreathandexplore.“為了避開擁擠的人群，很多人在2024年上網(wǎng)搜尋或關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)貦C(jī)構(gòu)后，喜愛去不那么出名的地方。由于交通工具少了，可做的事情也少了，去小城鎮(zhèn)走走可以讓人們慢下來，留意到一些小事。漫步，騎自行車，喝咖啡，深呼吸，探究?！庇纱丝芍芏嗳似鹣忍骄啃碌穆眯蟹绞?。故選B。BYouprobablyhavenotheardofLuZikuan,butrecentlythe11-year-oldboydeeplytouchedChinesenetizensfordonatinghisbonemarrow(骨髓)tosavehissickfatherandhasreturnedtoschoolinhishometown.LuZikuanisjustanordinaryboyfromHuixiancounty,Henanprovince.Onhearingabouthisfather’sillness,theboyhadastrongfeelingthatheshoulddosomethingtohelp.Hegained15kilogramsinthreemonthsinordertomeettheweight(atleast45kg)requiredforanoperationtosavehisfather,whosufferedfromleukemia（急性白血?。゛ndwasinneedofabonemarrowtransplant.Byfillinghisstomachwithfivemealsaday,heballoonedto45kgfromhisoriginal30kgsinceMarch,whenthebonemarrowwasfoundtomatchthatofhisfather.OnSept9,theoperationwentsmoothlyataPekingUniversityPeople’sHospitalbranchinQinghe,Beijing.Hisfatherisrecoveringfromthetransplant,andtheboyhasbeenoutofhospitalandonadiet.Afterputtingonweight,evenverylittleexercisewouldexhausthimandhisinnerthighsoftengotredandswollenwhenhewalked.Nowtheboyhaslost4kilogramssincetheoperation,andhehopestoeventuallygetbacktoabout30kg.Accordingtohisfather,LuZikuanneverbotheredhimwithhisstudies.Hisgradeshavealwaysbeenwithinthetopfive,andhe’sstillclassmonitor.Histeachersandclassmatesalsospokehighlyofhim,“Heisreallythekindofboywecandependon.Wheneverweareintrouble,heisreadytohelp.”Wheninterviewed,theboytoldthereporter,“It’snothing.IjustdidwhatIshould.Ifanyoneelsewereinmyposition,theywoulddefinitelydothesamething.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLuZikuan?A.HedisappointedtheChinesenetizensgreatly.B.Hetriedtolosesomeweighttosavehisfather.C.Hesufferedlittleaftergainingweight.D.Hewasfoundtomatchinbonemarrowwithhisfather.5.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLuZikuan?A.Braveandreliable. B.Selfishandgenerous.C.Aggressiveandambitious. D.Courageousandoutgoing.6.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthispassage?A.Sports. B.News.C.Culture. D.Entertainment.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Leukemia—ADeadlydisease B.TheLifeStoryofLuZikuanC.ASuccessfulOperation D.BraveBoySavedHisFather【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講解并描述的是年僅11歲的小男孩盧子寬捐骨髓救父親的故事。4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句Byfillinghisstomachwithfivemealsaday,heballoonedto45kgfromhisoriginal30kgsinceMarch,whenthebonemarrowwasfoundtomatchthatofhisfather.“通過每天五頓飯?zhí)铒柖亲?，他的體重從3月份的30公斤增加到45公斤，在那時發(fā)覺他的骨髓與他父親的骨髓相匹配?！庇纱丝芍琇uZikuan他被發(fā)覺與他父親的骨髓相匹配。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Onhearingabouthisfather’sillness,theboyhadastrongfeelingthatheshoulddosomethingtohelp.“聽到他父親生病的消息，這個男孩有一種劇烈的感覺，他應(yīng)當(dāng)做點什么來幫助他。”和Byfillinghisstomachwithfivemealsaday,heballoonedto45kgfromhisoriginal30kgsinceMarch,whenthebonemarrowwasfoundtomatchthatofhisfather.“通過每天五頓飯?zhí)铒柖亲?，他的體重從3月份的30公斤增加到45公斤，在那時發(fā)覺他的骨髓與他父親的骨髓相匹配。”由此可知，他很英勇。再依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Heisreallythekindofboywecandependon.Wheneverweareintrouble,heisreadytohelp.“他真是我們可以信任的那種男孩。每當(dāng)我們有困難時，他總是樂于幫助我們。”由此可知，他值得信任。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段YouprobablyhavenotheardofLuZikuan,butrecentlythe11-year-oldboydeeplytouchedChinesenetizensfordonatinghisbonemarrow(骨髓)tosavehissickfatherandhasreturnedtoschoolinhishometown.“你可能沒聽說過盧子寬，但最近這個11歲的小男孩為了救他生病的父親捐出了自己的骨髓，并回到了家鄉(xiāng)的學(xué)校，他深深地感動了中國網(wǎng)民?！庇纱丝芍@篇文章講解并描述的是年僅11歲的小男孩盧子寬捐骨髓救父親的故事。所以這篇文章最有可能來自報紙的新聞欄目。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段YouprobablyhavenotheardofLuZikuan,butrecentlythe11-year-oldboydeeplytouchedChinesenetizensfordonatinghisbonemarrow(骨髓)tosavehissickfatherandhasreturnedtoschoolinhishometown.“你可能沒聽說過盧子寬，但最近這個11歲的小男孩為了救他生病的父親捐出了自己的骨髓，并回到了家鄉(xiāng)的學(xué)校，他深深地感動了中國網(wǎng)民?！庇纱丝芍?，這篇文章講解并描述的是年僅11歲的小男孩盧子寬捐骨髓救父親的故事。所以文章的最佳主題應(yīng)當(dāng)是“BraveBoySavedHisFather”。故選D。CThedrivercutsyouoffintraffic.Theneighborsdon’tpickupaftertheirdog.Theinsurancecompanykeepsyouwaitingendlessly.Situationssuchasthesegetourheartsracing.Angerisn’tapleasantfeeling.Someofuscontroltheemotion,whileothersexplodeinawildrage.Bothhabitsaffectourbodies,ourminds,andourrelationships.Angermayfeeluncomfortable,butit’salsonormalandhealthy.“Alotofpeoplethinktheyhavetogetridoftheiranger,”saysPatrick,apsychologistinCalgary.“Butangerisanemotionbuiltintoustosignalthatsomethingneedstobesolved.”Whenwetakenoticeofthatsignalandactuallyrealizetheprobleminsteadofignoringit,we’reusuallymuchbetterforit.Unfortunately,manyofushavebeenconditionedtohideouremotions.Researchsuggeststhatthiscanhavelong-termeffectsonourhealth.Investigatorsshowthatpeoplewhosuppresstheiremotionstendtohaveshorterlifespans.They’remorelikelytodieearlierfromcancer,forexample.Whenweareangry,stresshormones(荷爾蒙)arereleased,whichcanmakeusdevelopawiderangeofdiseases,includingdiabetesanddepression.Isitbetter,then,toscreamwheneversomethingmakesyoumad?That’sthetheorybehindthe“ragerooms”thathaveappearedinmanyAmericancities,wherefolksareinvitedtoexpresstheirangerbyviolentlyhittingstuffina“safe”environment.“Buttheresearchindicatesthatwhenwedisplayourangeraggressively,itcanactuallyincreasetheintensityoftheanger—andincreasethelikelihoodofaggressiveactionsinthefuture.”saysKeelan.Itdoesn’ttakemuchimaginationtopredicthowangercanaffectyourrelationshipswithyourwivesorhusbands,yourkids,oryourcoworkers.Italsohurtsyourhealth.8.Whatsituationmaymakepeopleangry?A.Neighborspickuptheirdogs’waste.B.Theinsurancecompanytimelyoffersservice.C.Adriverdoesn’twaitforhisturn.D.Astrangerhelpswhenpeoplegetlost.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldtrytheirbesttocontroltheiremotion.B.Angerdoesgoodtoourhealthsometimes.C.Angrypeopleneverreleasestresshormones.D.Angerisanemotionsignalingsomethinghasbeensolved.10.Whatdoestheunlinedword“suppress”inPara.3mean?A.affect B.developC.control D.display11.Howdoesthewriterexpresshisviewpoint?A.Subjectively. B.Pessimistically.C.Indifferently. D.Objectively.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章客觀地分析了生氣對人健康造成的影響?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Thedrivercutsyouoffintraffic.Theneighborsdon’tpickupaftertheirdog.Theinsurancecompanykeepsyouwaitingendlessly.Situationssuchasthesegetourheartsracing.“司機(jī)攔住了你的去路。鄰居們不整理他們的狗。保險公司讓你等個不停。這樣的狀況讓我們心跳加速。”由此推斷出，C項Adriverdoesn’twaitforhisturn.（司機(jī)不會等著輪到自己。）的這種境況會使人們生氣。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中第一句Angermayfeeluncomfortable,butit’salsonormalandhealthy.“生氣可能會讓人感覺不舒適，但這也是正常和健康的?！庇纱丝芍?，生氣有時對我們的健康有益。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中Unfortunately,manyofushavebeenconditionedtohideouremotions.Researchsuggeststhatthiscanhavelong-termeffectsonourhealth.“不幸的是，我們很多人都習(xí)慣于隱藏自己的心情。探討表明，這可能會對我們的健康產(chǎn)生長期影響?！庇纱丝芍?，Investigatorsshowthatpeoplewhosuppresstheiremotionstendtohaveshorterlifespans.“探討人員表明，壓抑心情的人往往壽命較短。”所以劃線詞的意思是“限制”。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句Angermayfeeluncomfortable,butit’salsonormalandhealthy.“生氣可能會讓人感覺不舒適，但這也是正常和健康的?！焙偷谌蔚谝痪銾nfortunately,manyofushavebeenconditionedtohideouremotions.“不幸的是，我們很多人都習(xí)慣于隱藏自己的心情?！庇纱丝芍?，作者“客觀地”表達(dá)自己的觀點。故選D。【點睛】做詞義揣測題時，利用上下文供應(yīng)的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推想詞義，最常見的就是利用上下文語境、常識和語法關(guān)系推斷詞義。尤其是要抓居處需推斷詞匯前后的含義。本題第3小題，依據(jù)第三段中Unfortunately,manyofushavebeenconditionedtohideouremotions.Researchsuggeststhatthiscanhavelong-termeffectsonourhealth.“不幸的是，我們很多人都習(xí)慣于隱藏自己的心情。探討表明，這可能會對我們的健康產(chǎn)生長期影響。”由此可知，Investigatorsshowthatpeoplewhosuppresstheiremotionstendtohaveshorterlifespans.“探討人員表明，壓抑心情的人往往壽命較短。”所以劃線詞的意思是“限制”。故選C。DScientistshavelongbeendoingresearchondolphinsandhavemadevariousinterestingdiscoveries.RecentlyAnaCostaattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKandherteamhavefoundsomethingnewaboutonetypeofdolphins—Bottlenosedolphins.Bottlenosedolphinscanbefoundinmildandtropicalwatersthroughouttheworld.Theyprefercoastalwatersthatarewarmandshallow.However,CostafoundbottlenosedolphinsinSouthAmericamaybeseparatedintotwodifferentspecies,thankstovaryinghabitatsbetweentwogroupsoftheanimal.AlongthecoastlinesofsouthernBrazil,UruguayandArgentinaintheSouthAtlanticOcean,commonbottlenosedolphinsthatliveneartheshoredon’tlooklikethosethatarefurtherouttosea.Theyarelonger,lighterandhaveatriangularbackfin,unliketheoffshoredolphins’shorterbodies,darkerskinandhookedbackfins.Apartfromthedifferencesmentionedabove,thetwokindsofcommonbottlenosedolphinalsolivedifferentlyfromoneanother.Thosenearthecoastformsmallgroupsinbaysandmouthofriversanddon’tgotoofarfromhome,whilethoseoffshoreliveinpodsofhundredsandmovefromtimetotimeandseldomstayatthesameplace.WhenAnaCostaandherteamlookedatthedolphins’boneframework,theyfoundstillmoredifferences:theoffshoredolphinshadshorterandmoreplentifulvertebrae(脊椎)thanthecoastalvariety.Costaandhercolleaguescollectedmorethan250tissuesamplesfromcommonbottlenosedolphinsofbothgroupsoffBrazil’scoastandanalyzedtheDNA.Theresultssuggestthedolphinsmaybegoingdowndifferentevolutionarypaths,separatingintotwospecies.Thegeneticanalysisfounddifferencesinasmallportionofthedolphins’genomes(基因組)thatexperiencefastratesofchangeoverevolutionarytime.“Allthefindingssofararedemonstratingthatweareobservingtwodolphingroupsintheprocessofspeciation,”saysCosta.Despitethoseresearches,sofarscientistsstillcan’tfigureouttheexactdataoftheexistingbottlenosedolphins.Costaandherteamareoptimisticthatonedaytheywillbeabletosolvethepuzzleandhelpsavetheseendangeredanimals.12.What’sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Thedifferencesbetweentwobottlenosespecies.B.Theappearanceofbottlenosedolphins.C.Thelivinghabitatsofbottlenosedolphins.D.Thecausesleadingtothedifferences.13.Whatmaycausebottlenosedolphinstoseparateintotwospecies?A.Theirlength. B.Theirweight.C.Theirvertebrae. D.Theirevolutionarypaths.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Allbottlenosedolphinslivenearthecoastandhavesimilarhabits.B.ThediscoveryofCostamaymakeadifferencetobottlenosedolphins.C.Bottlenosedolphinsoftenprefertoliveincoldwatersthataredeep.D.Thesetwodolphinspeciesarenotsocialandliveindividually.15.Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Anendangeredanimal—dolphins.B.Costa’snewdiscoveryaboutbottlenosedolphins.C.Thelivingenvironmentofbottlenosedolphins.D.TheimportanceofCosta’snewdiscovery.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹科斯塔關(guān)于寬吻海豚的新發(fā)覺?！?2題詳解】段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段中CostafoundbottlenosedolphinsinSouthAmericamaybeseparatedintotwodifferentspecies,thankstovaryinghabitatsbetweentwogroupsoftheanimal.“科斯塔發(fā)覺，南美洲的寬吻海豚可能被分成兩個不同的物種，這是由于兩組海豚的棲息地不同所致。”和Apartfromthedifferencesmentionedabove,thetwokindsofcommonbottlenosedolphinalsolivedifferentlyfromoneanother.“除了上述的不同之外，這兩種常見的寬吻海豚的生活方式也各不相同?！庇纱丝芍浯味沃v解并描述的是“兩種寬吻海豚的區(qū)分?！惫蔬xA?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Theresultssuggestthedolphinsmaybegoingdowndifferentevolutionarypaths,separatingintotwospecies.“結(jié)果表明，海豚可能沿著不同的進(jìn)化路徑，分成兩個物種。”由此可知，它們的進(jìn)化路徑可能導(dǎo)致寬吻海豚分裂成兩個物種。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第最終一段Despitethoseresearches,sofarscientistsstillcan’tfigureouttheexactdataoftheexistingbottlenosedolphins.Costaandherteamareoptimisticthatonedaytheywillbeabletosolvethepuzzleandhelpsavetheseendangeredanimals.“盡管進(jìn)行了這些探討，科學(xué)家們至今仍不能找出現(xiàn)存寬吻海豚的準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)。科斯塔和她的團(tuán)隊樂觀地認(rèn)為，總有一天他們能夠解開這個謎題，幫助挽救這些面臨滅亡的動物。”由此推斷出，科斯塔的發(fā)覺可能會對寬吻海豚產(chǎn)生影響。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。題。依據(jù)第一段Scientistshavelongbeendoingresearchondolphinsandhavemadevariousinterestingdiscoveries.RecentlyAnaCostaattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKandherteamhavefoundsomethingnewaboutonetypeofdolphins—Bottlenosedolphins.“科學(xué)家們長期以來始終在探討海豚，并有了各種好玩的發(fā)覺。最近，英國格拉斯哥高校的安娜·科斯塔和她的團(tuán)隊發(fā)覺了一種新的海豚——寬吻海豚。”由此推斷出，這篇文章介紹科斯塔關(guān)于寬吻海豚的新發(fā)覺。故選B?！军c睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出肯定的推理推斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標(biāo)記性詞語。依據(jù)第3小題，依據(jù)第最終一段Despitethoseresearches,sofarscientistsstillcan’tfigureouttheexactdataoftheexistingbottlenosedolphins.Costaandherteamareoptimisticthatonedaytheywillbeabletosolvethepuzzleandhelpsavetheseendangeredanimals.“盡管進(jìn)行了這些探討，科學(xué)家們至今仍不能找出現(xiàn)存寬吻海豚的準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)?？扑顾退膱F(tuán)隊樂觀地認(rèn)為，總有一天他們能夠解開這個謎題，幫助挽救這些面臨滅亡的動物。”由此可知，科斯塔的發(fā)覺可能會對寬吻海豚產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Nowadaysfacialrecognitiontechnologyhascreptintopeople’slifeandisbeingcommonlyused.Howdoesthetechnologywork?Whousesthistechnology?Inwhichareasisitapplied?Whatarepeopleworriedabout?___16___Howdoesfacialrecognitionwork?___17___Thiscreatesadistinctivedigital“face-print”—muchlikeafingerprint.Thesystemthenrunsthroughadatabasetocheckitforamatch.Whoareitsusers?FacialrecognitionismostcommoninChina,wherepeoplecanuseittopayforacoffee,visittouristattractions,andevenwithdrawcashfromATMs.___18___InEurope,high-endhotelsandretailersalsousefacialrecognitioncamerastoidentifyVIPsandcelebritiesastheyenter,inordertogivethemgoodtreatment.SeveralUSairlinesarelookingtoreplaceboardingpasseswithfacescanners.Whereisfacialrecognitionused?Manypeopleknowthatfacialrecognitionisbeingusedinshopsandhigh-speedtrainstations.Buttheseareonlythetipoftheiceberg.Lawagencieshavehadfacesonfilefordecades.Theirdatabasesprovidethemwiththeidentifiedperson’sname,age,addressandanycriminalhistory.Doctorshavealreadystartedusingittohelpthemdiagnoseraregeneticdiseasesthatproducedistinctivefacialcharacteristics.____19____Facebook’ssystemfor“tagging”aphoto—identifyingwhoisinthepicture—isnowasaccurateasusersdoingitthemselves.Apple’snewiPhoneXcanbeunlockedwhenitsownersimplylooksatit.___20___Asthetechnologybecomesmorewidespread,therearegrowingfearsthatitwillinvadeprivacyandcauseothertroubles,thusputtingpeopleatrisk.Likeanynewtool,ifitgetsintothewronghands,itcanbeusedforillpurposes.A.However,Chinesearenottheonlypeopleusingit.B.Thefollowingarethingspeopleshouldpayattentiontowhenusingthistechnology.C.Herearesomeoftheanswerstothequestionsthatmostpeopleareinterestedin.D.Whatarepeople’sconcerns?E.Itworksbyscanningfacesandmeasuringfacialfeatures.F.Facialrecognitionisincreasinglybeingusedbycommercialfirmstoo.G.Weshouldthinktwicebeforeputtingthistechnologyintouse.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.F20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。人臉識別技術(shù)已經(jīng)深化到人們的生活中，并得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。文章介紹了大多數(shù)人感愛好的問題的一些答案。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“技術(shù)是如何工作的?誰運用這項技術(shù)?它應(yīng)用于哪些領(lǐng)域?人們在擔(dān)憂什么?”承接上文，C項Herearesomeoftheanswerstothequestionsthatmostpeopleareinterestedin.（以下是大多數(shù)人感愛好的問題的一些答案。）切題。故選C?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“面部識別是如何工作的?”再依據(jù)下文提示“這就產(chǎn)生了一種獨特的數(shù)字“臉紋”——很像指紋?！背薪由衔模珽項Itworksbyscanningfacesandmeasuringfacialfeatures.（它通過掃描人臉和測量面部特征來工作。）切題。該項中的it指的是上文的“facialrecognition”。故選E?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“人臉識別在中國是最常見的，人們可以用它來買咖啡、參觀旅游景點，甚至從自動取款機(jī)上取錢?！痹僖罁?jù)下文提示“在歐洲，高端酒店和零售商也運用面部識別攝像頭來識別貴賓和名人，以便給他們良好的待遇?！背薪由舷挛模珹項However,Chinesearenottheonlypeopleusingit.（然而，中國人并不是唯一運用它的人。）切題。該項中的However與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“醫(yī)生們已經(jīng)起先運用它來幫助他們診斷產(chǎn)生獨特面部特征的罕見遺傳疾病?！痹僖罁?jù)下文提示“Facebook的“標(biāo)記”照片的系統(tǒng)——識別照片中的人——現(xiàn)在和用戶自己標(biāo)記照片一樣精確?！背薪由舷挛模現(xiàn)項Facialrecognitionisincreasinglybeingusedbycommercialfirmstoo.（面部識別也越來越多地被商業(yè)公司運用。）切題。故選F。【20題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“隨著這項技術(shù)越來越普及，人們越來越擔(dān)憂它會侵?jǐn)_隱私并造成其他麻煩，從而將人們置于危急之中。”承接下文，D項Whatarepeople’sconcerns?（人們關(guān)切什么?）切題。故選D。第三部分：語言學(xué)問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A,B,C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastsummer,Katiepulledofftheroadonherwaytowork.She___21___atatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignforhelp.She___22___herwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfree___23___.IfIfetchmy___24___,doyouwantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasheavyset,baldingandmissingafewteeth.Hepaused,butthen___25___.“Actually,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwas___26___hopingtogetahaircut.”“I’llberightback,”Katiesaid.Shedroveoff,wenttothe___27___sheowns,and_______28_______oneofherhairdresserstohelpherloadaredchairintohercar.Thenthetwoofthemdroveback.Themantookaseat,andthey___29___hiscurlygrayinghair.HetoldthemaboutgrowingupinMississippi,aboutmovingtoTexastolive___30___tohisadultchildreninordertohelplookafterhisgrandchildren,andhowhestillphonedhismomeveryday.AfterKatiewasdone,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilook___31___!”hesaidhappily.“I’llhavetoremembertoputmy___32___innexttime.”Sofar,Katiehasgiven30orsosuchhaircutstopeoplearoundthecity.These___33___arealllivinginpoverty,andsheiskeenly___34___ofthepowerofherclean-upjob.“It’smorethanahaircut,”shesays.“Iwantittobea(an)___35___,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuild___36___withthem.”Katieknowsthatahaircutcan___37___one’slife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,she___38___fromaseverediseasecalledulcerativecolitisandherhair___39___gradually.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforKatie’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,it___40___metofeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesays.21.A.stared B.yelled C.pointed D.stopped22.A.turnedoff B.putaway C.rolleddown D.lookedat23.A.haircut B.lunch C.lecture D.book24.A.towel B.uniform C.chair D.basin25.A.cried B.laughed C.whispered D.screamed26.A.rarely B.barely C.hardly D.really27.A.restaurant B.salon C.bookshop D.grocery28.A.forced B.showed C.asked D.permitted29.A.shook B.cut C.washed D.dried30.A.closer B.farther C.better D.properly31.A.absurd B.terrible C.funny D.good32.A.chair B.hands C.car D.teeth33.A.patients B.students C.teachers D.customers34.A.aware B.afraid C.uncertain D.sceptical35.A.exit B.gateway C.trick D.joke36.A.bonds B.strength C.confidence D.houses37.A.ruin B.transform C.save D.kill38.A.recovered B.separated C.suffered D.escaped39.A.thinned B.thickened C.increased D.improved40.A.taught B.scared C.helped D.prevented【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.D32.D33.D34.A35.B36.A37.B38.C39.A40.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者開車到處去免費理發(fā)。文章講解并描述是作者為一須要幫助的老人理發(fā)的故事。作者意識到這些顧客都生活在貧困中，她敏銳地意識到理發(fā)工作的力氣。并希望幫助更多的人。21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她在一個紅綠燈前停了下來，那里有一個男人坐在那里，手里拿著一個求助的牌子。A.stared盯著；B.yelled叫喊；C.pointed指出；D.stopped停止。依據(jù)上文Katiepulledofftheroadonherwaytowork.以及atatrafficlight可知，她“停了下來”。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：她搖下車窗。A.turnedoff關(guān)掉；B.putaway收起來放好；C.rolleddown滾下；D.lookedat看……。依據(jù)第2空后的herwindow.和下段的“Hey!”sheshouted.因為她開著車，所以把車窗“搖下來”。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開車到處去給別人免費理發(fā)。A.haircut理發(fā)；B.lunch午飯；C.lecture演講；D.book書。依據(jù)第13空前一句Sofar,Katiehasgiven30orsosuchhaircutstopeoplearoundthecity.可知，作者開車去給別人免費“理發(fā)”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如我去拿我的椅子，你現(xiàn)在須要理發(fā)嗎?A.towel毛巾；B.uniform制服；C.chair椅子；D.basin水池。依據(jù)第8空后的oneofherhairdresserstohelpherloadaredchairintohercar.可知，理發(fā)須要去拿