四川省雅安市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGE25-四川省雅安市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）本試卷分為第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共12頁(yè)。滿(mǎn)分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。留意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必需運(yùn)用2B鉛筆將答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必需運(yùn)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆，將答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.全部題目必需在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakersplaytennistoday?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.2.Howdidthewomangetthesweater?A.Herhusbandgaveittoher.B.Shemadeitherself.C.Sheboughtitherself.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Ataflowershop.C.Atschool.4.WhereistheEastLakeHotel?A.OnthecornerB.Nearthestation.C.Neartheairport.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Nervous.B.Upset.C.Relaxed.其次節(jié)

（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中做給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthesubwayhere?A.It’scrowded.B.It’sconvenient.C.It’scomplicated.7.Howlongisthesubwayinserviceintheman’scountry?A.16hours.B.18hours.C.20hours.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Wherearethetypistsprobably?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Intheoffice.9.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Buyastamp.B.FindJustin.C.Postaletter.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatisinAdam’sroom?A.Atelephone.B.ATV.C.Adesktopcomputer.11.Whattimewillgrandpaandgrandmacomeback?A.At4:00.B.At5:00.C.At6:00.12.WherewillAdamlive?A.Intheschooldorm.B.Athishome.C.Inahostfamily.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Playsomesports.B.Havedinnerwithher.C.Helpwithherstudy.14.WhyisthemangoingtoMiami?A.Togosightseeing.B.Toattendawedding.C.Totakeabusinesstrip.15.Whereisthewomangoingnow?A.Tothetenniscourts.B.Tothecoffeeshop.C.Toherschool.16.Whatdoesthemandecidetodoatlast?A.Putoffhistrip.B.Comebackearly.C.Taketennislessons.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WheredidTomcomefrom?A.Canada.B.Africa.C.America.18.WhenwasTomstayinginSamoa?A.Lastyear.B.Lastweek.C.Lastmonth.19.WhatdidTomwanttodowhenhesawsomechildrenplaying?A.Hewantedtoplaywiththem.B.Hewantedtomakefriendswiththem.C.Hewantedtotakesomepicturesofthem.20.WhydidtheboysshoutatTom?ABecausetheywereangrywithhim.B.Becausetheywereafraidofbeingill.C.Becausethecoverofthecamerawasn’ttakenoff.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)(共15題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A★L(fēng)OUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOLGrades:Preschool-Grade8LCDS.org?703-777-3841Award-winningschoolfeaturesalowstudent-teacherratio(比率).Coursesincludeart,STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,Mathematics),computerprogramming,languages,athletics,instruments.BYOT(BringYourOwnTechnology),one-to-oneprograminfourththrougheighthgrades.It’sfamousforitsuniquefieldtrips.★NYSMITHSCHOOLGrades:3years-Grade8Nysmith?703-552-2912Top10intheworld,fun,award-winningprogram,upto4gradelevelsofdiversification(多樣化)inreadingandmathclasses,dailyscience,computers,logic,foreignlanguages,muchmore.1:9ratio.Minimal(最少的)homework.Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreatattractionforstudentsacrossthecountry.2014TommyAwardfromTJforthespecialachievementofNysmithAlumni.★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONSGrades:6-12FusionTysonsCorner?866-461-8039FusionAcademyisaprivatemiddleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:onestudentandoneteacherperclassroom.Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents’potential.Schedulingispersonalized,andnohomeworkgoeshome.ComesoontoTysons,Virginia,andachieveschool&lifebalance.★RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMYGrades:6-12,Postgraduate?540-636-5484R-MAisacollege-prepboardingschoolwithAirForceJROTC,devotedtodevelopingstudentsofacademicachievement,leadership,andresponsiblecitizenship.Withsmallerclasses—onaverage,14-17studentsperclass—studentsatR-MAfindthemselvesbuildingtheirconfidencebecauseourteacherscareabouteachstudent.Graduatingclasseshavea100%collegeacceptancerateandaverageover$56.6millionincollegescholarshipsofferseachyear.1.HowdoesLOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOLdifferfromtheothers?A.Itoffersfieldtrips. B.Ithasavarietyofcourses.C.Itprovidesone-to-oneclasses. D.Ithasaward-winningprograms.2.WhydoesNYSMITHSCHOOLattractstudents?A.Ithasnohomework. B.Itistheworld’sbestschool.C.ItisafrequentwinneroftheTommyAward. D.Itgivesthemachancetolearnfromexperience.3.Whichschoolspecializesinpersonalizededucation?A.NYSMITHSCHOOL. B.FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS.C.RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMY. D.LOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四所學(xué)校的狀況，包括年級(jí)、電話(huà)和學(xué)校特色等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)★L(fēng)OUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL部分中It’sfamousforitsuniquefieldtrips.可知它以獨(dú)特的實(shí)地考察旅行而著名。由此可知，LOUDOUN鄉(xiāng)村走讀學(xué)校與其他學(xué)校的不同之處在于它供應(yīng)實(shí)地考察旅行。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)★NYSMITHSCHOOL部分中Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreatattractionforstudentsacrossthecountry.可知?jiǎng)邮衷囼?yàn)學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)全國(guó)各地的學(xué)生有很大的吸引力。由此可知，NYSMITH學(xué)校吸引學(xué)生，因?yàn)檫@給了他們一個(gè)從閱歷中學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS部分中FusionAcademyisaprivatemiddleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:onestudentandoneteacherperclassroom.Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents’potential.Schedulingispersonalized,andnohomeworkgoeshome.可知FusionAcademy是一所私立中學(xué)和中學(xué)，全部班級(jí)都是一對(duì)一的:每個(gè)教室一個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)老師。在這里，主動(dòng)的關(guān)系釋放學(xué)生的潛力。日程支配是特性化的，回家沒(méi)有家庭作業(yè)。由此可知，F(xiàn)USIONACADEMYTYSONS學(xué)校擅長(zhǎng)特性化教化。故選B。BNickVujicicwasbornwithnoarmsorlegs,butthebrave32-year-oldmanplaysfootballandgolf,swims,andsurfs.Nickhasasmallfootonhisleftside,whichhelpshimbalanceandenableshimtokick.Heuseshisonefoottotype,writewithapenandpickthingsupbetweenhistoes.“Icallitmychickendrumstick(畸形的小腿),”jokedNick.“I’dbelostwithoutit.WhenIgetinthewaterIfloatbecause80percentofmybodyislungsandmydrumstickactsasapropeller(螺旋槳).”WhenNickwasborn,hisdistraughtmothercouldn’tbringherselftoholdhimuntilhewasfourmonthsold.“Itwassohardformyparents,butrightfromthestarttheydidtheirbesttomakemeindependent.”saidNick.ThroughouthischildhoodNickdealtwiththetypicalchallenges.Attheageofseven,Nicktriedoutsomespeciallydesignedelectronicarmsandlegs,inthehopethathewouldbemorelikeotherkids.ButtheyturnedouttobemuchtooheavyforNicktooperate,affectinghisflexibilityquitesignificantly.“WhenIwas13Ireadanewspaperarticleaboutadisabledmanwhohadmanagedtoachievegreatthingsandhelpothers,”saidNick.“IrealizedwhyGodhadmadeuslikethis—togivehopetoothers.ItwassoinspirationaltomethatIdecidedtousemylifetoencourageothersanddecidedtobethankfulforwhatIdohave,notgetangryaboutwhatIdon’t.”“Itellpeopletokeepongettingupwhentheyfallandtoalwayslovethemselves,”hesaid.“IfIcanencouragejustonepersonthenmyjobinthislifeisdone.”Bynow,hehasvisited35differentcountries,touringtheworldasamotivationalspeaker.4WhatmakesitpossibleforNicktoswiminthewater?A.Hissmallsize. B.Hissmallfoot.C.Hislightweight. D.Hisbiglungs.5.Theunderlinedword“distraught”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.A.cold-blooded B.bad-tempered C.extremelyupset D.reallycrazy6.Nickabandonedtheelectronicarmsandlegsbecause____________.A.hisfamilycouldn’taffordthem B.hisclassmatesdidn’tlikethemC.theyweretooheavytohandle D.theyaffectedhisappearance7.WhatdidNickdecidetodowhenhewas13?A.Totraveltodifferentcountries. B.Tosetuphisbusinessinnewspapers.C.Totrytobecomeamotivationalspeaker. D.Toencouragepeoplewhowereintrouble.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了NickVujicic，雖然誕生時(shí)就沒(méi)有胳膊和腿，但這位英勇的32歲男子會(huì)踢足球、打高爾夫球、游泳和沖浪。到目前為止，他已經(jīng)訪問(wèn)了35個(gè)不同的國(guó)家，作為一名勵(lì)志演說(shuō)家環(huán)游世界。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中NickVujicicwasbornwithnoarmsorlegs,butthebrave32-year-oldmanplaysfootballandgolf,swims,andsurfs.Nickhasasmallfootonhisleftside,whichhelpshimbalanceandenableshimtokick.可知NickVujicic誕生時(shí)就沒(méi)有胳膊和腿，但這位英勇的32歲男子會(huì)踢足球、打高爾夫球、游泳和沖浪。尼克的左邊有一只小腳，這幫助他保持平衡，并使他能夠踢。以及其次段“Icallitmychickendrumstick(畸形的小腿),”jokedNick.“I’dbelostwithoutit.WhenIgetinthewaterIfloatbecause80percentofmybodyislungsandmydrumstickactsasapropeller(螺旋槳).”可知“我把它叫作畸形的小腿，”Nick開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)。“假如沒(méi)有它，我會(huì)不知所措。我一下水就會(huì)浮起來(lái)，因?yàn)槲疑眢w的80%都是肺，而我畸形的小腿就像一個(gè)螺旋槳?！庇纱丝芍荖ick的小腳讓他在水里游泳成為可能。故選B。【5題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)后文“Itwassohardformyparents,butrightfromthestarttheydidtheirbesttomakemeindependent.”saidNick.可知“這對(duì)我的父母來(lái)說(shuō)很困難，但從一起先他們就盡力讓我獨(dú)立。”Nick說(shuō)。由此可知，Nick誕生的時(shí)候，他的母親因?yàn)闊o(wú)法讓自己抱著他而特別懊喪。即劃線(xiàn)單詞意思為“特別懊喪的”。A.cold-blooded冷血的；B.bad-tempered脾氣不好的；C.extremelyupset特別懊喪的；D.reallycrazy很瘋狂。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中ButtheyturnedouttobemuchtooheavyforNicktooperate,affectinghisflexibilityquitesignificantly.可知但對(duì)Nick來(lái)說(shuō)，它們太重了，無(wú)法操作，嚴(yán)峻影響了他的敏捷性。由此可知，Nick放棄了電子手臂和腿，因?yàn)樗鼈兲亓?，無(wú)法操作。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“WhenIwas13Ireadanewspaperarticleaboutadisabledmanwhohadmanagedtoachievegreatthingsandhelpothers,”saidNick.“IrealizedwhyGodhadmadeuslikethis—togivehopetoothers.ItwassoinspirationaltomethatIdecidedtousemylifetoencourageothersanddecidedtobethankfulforwhatIdohave,notgetangryaboutwhatIdon’t.”可知“當(dāng)我13歲的時(shí)候，我在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇文章，說(shuō)一個(gè)殘疾人取得了很大的成就，并且?guī)椭藙e人，”Nick說(shuō)?！拔乙庾R(shí)到為什么上帝把我們?cè)斐蛇@樣——給別人希望。這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是如此鼓舞人心，所以我確定用我的生命去激勵(lì)別人，確定對(duì)我所擁有的心懷感謝，而不是對(duì)我所沒(méi)有的生氣?！庇纱丝芍琋ick13歲的時(shí)候，他確定做激勵(lì)陷入逆境的人。故選D。CManycitiesandtownshavelawsthatrequirepeopletorecyclepaperandplastics.Nowsomestateandlocalgovernmentshavepassedlawsthatrequirecitizenstorecycletheirfoodwasteaswell.California

and

Vermont

havestatewidelawsaboutrecyclingfoodwastethatapplytobusinessesandhomes.Theprocessofrecyclingfoodwasteandturningitintousablesoiliscalledcomposting(堆制肥料).Foodwastethatcanbecompostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,coffeegrounds,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasstemsandleavescanalsobecomposted.Meat,fish,anddairyfoodwastecannotberecycled.Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,compostingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills,andcompostedwasteholdsawiderangeofnutrients(養(yǎng)分物).Whencompostisaddedtothesoilingardensandfields,ithelpscropsgrow.

Reducingtheamountofwastethatgoesintolandfillsisonereasonwhycitiesandstatesarepassingfood-wasterecyclinglaws.“Ourlandfillsarefarfromenoughforthecreationofnewonesisshrinking.”ReneeCrowley,aprojectmanageratthe

LowerEastSide

Ecology

Center

in

NewYorkCity,toldTFK.Officialsin

Seattle,

Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.Thatcityhasalawrequiringpeopletorecyclefoodwaste.Itisbannedfromallgarbage.Thereisafine(罰款)forpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.Thosewhoareagainstfood-recyclinglawssaythatthecompostingprocessiscostly.Inaddition,itcanbedifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwastebecausetheydon’thaveaccesstooutsidestoragebins.PattiFergusonfrom

OrangeCounty,

California,toldherlocalnewspaperthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.8.Whatdoweknowaboutcompostingfromthetext?A.Leavescan’tbereused. B.Notallfoodwastecanbecomposted.C.Itischeaptocompostfoodwaste. D.Itisusuallyprocessedinemptylandfills.9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Benefitsofrecyclingfoodwaste. B.Ways

ofkeepingnutrientsinthesoil.C.Ways

ofreducingtheamountoftrash. D.Examplesofdifferentusefulnutrients.10.In

Seattle,throwingfoodwasteintogarbageis_____.A.acceptable B.shameful C.required D.illegal11.What’sPattiFerguson’sattitudetowardsfood-recyclinglawsprobably?A.Thankful. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Supportive.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。許多城市制定了法律要求市民循環(huán)利用紙類(lèi)和塑料，現(xiàn)在美國(guó)一些州通過(guò)法律讓市民們循環(huán)利用食物垃圾。食物堆制的肥料可以削減垃圾，保留養(yǎng)分成分、幫助莊稼或花園植物成長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)然也有反對(duì)的聲音，認(rèn)為在室內(nèi)擺放裝有食物垃圾的容器有異味?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Foodwastethatcanbecompostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,coffeegrounds,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasstemsandleavescanalsobecomposted.Meat,fish,anddairyfoodwastecannotberecycled.可知可以堆肥食物垃圾包括水果和蔬菜皮、咖啡渣、茶包和蛋殼。花園的廢棄物，如莖和葉，也可以制成堆肥。肉類(lèi)、魚(yú)類(lèi)和奶制品的食物垃圾不能被回收利用。由此可知，不是全部的食物垃圾都可以堆肥。故選B。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,compostingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills,andcompostedwasteholdsawiderangeofnutrients(養(yǎng)分物).Whencompostisaddedtothesoilingardensandfields,ithelpscropsgrow.可知依據(jù)環(huán)保組織的說(shuō)法，堆肥削減了進(jìn)入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的垃圾數(shù)量，而且堆肥的垃圾含有多種養(yǎng)分成分。當(dāng)堆肥被添加到花園和田野的土壤中，它有助于農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)。由此可知，第三段主要講了回收食物垃圾的好處。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中Thereisafine(罰款)forpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.可知把食物垃圾倒進(jìn)一般垃圾的人會(huì)被罰款。由此可知，在西雅圖，把食物垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾堆是違法的，會(huì)被罰款。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Thosewhoareagainstfood-recyclinglawssaythatthecompostingprocessiscostly.Inaddition,itcanbedifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwastebecausetheydon’thaveaccesstooutsidestoragebins.PattiFergusonfromOrangeCounty,California,toldherlocalnewspaperthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.可知那些反對(duì)食品回收法的人說(shuō)，堆肥過(guò)程是昂貴的。此外，居住在公寓里的人很難儲(chǔ)存他們的垃圾，因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)法運(yùn)用室外的垃圾箱。，來(lái)自加州奧蘭治縣的PattiFerguson告知當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙，她認(rèn)為裝食物垃圾的室內(nèi)容器會(huì)發(fā)臭。由此可推知，PattiFerguson對(duì)食品回收法律持消極看法。故選B。DAdviceto“sleeponit”couldbewellfounded,scientistssay.Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatcouldn’tbesolvedthenightbeforecanoftenappearmoremanageable,althoughtheevidenceuntilnowhasbeenanecdotal.ButresearchersattheUniversityofLuebekinGermanyhavedesignedanexperimentthatshowsagoodnight’ssleepcanimproveinsightandproblem-solving.“Ifyouhavesomenewly-gotmemoriesinyourbrain,sleepactsonthesememoriesandrestructuresthem,sothataftersleeptheinsightintoproblemwhichyoucouldnotsolvebeforeincreases,”saidDr.JanBorn,aneuroscientist,attheuniversity.Totestthetheory,theytaughtvolunteerstwosimplerulestohelpthemturnastringofnumbersintoaneworder.Therewasalsoathird,hiddenrule,whichcouldhelpthemincreasetheirspeedinsolvingtheproblem.Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups:halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletherestwereforcedtostayawake.Dr.JanBornandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.“Sleephelped,”Bornsaidinatelephoneinterview.“Theimportantthingisthatyouhavetohaveamemoryrepresentationinyourbrainoftheproblemyouwanttosolveandthenyousleep,soitcanactontheproblem.“ButBornadmittedthatheandhisteamdon’tknowhowrestructuringofmemoriesoccursorwhatgovernsit.PierreMaquetandPerrineRubyoftheUniversityofLiegeinBelgiumsaidtheexperimentalevidencesupportstheanecdotalsuggestionsthatsleepcanhelpdevelopcreativethinking.Althoughtheroleofsleepinhumancreativitywillstillbeamystery,theresearchgivespeoplegoodreasontofullyrespecttheirperiodsofsleep,theyadded.12.Theunderlinedphrase“sleeponit”inParagraph1probablymeans_____.A.togetasmuchsleepaspossibleB.togoonsleepingwithoutbeingdisturbedC.todelaydecidingsomethinguntilthenextdayD.tosleeptillafterthetimeyouusuallygetupinthemorning13.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Totestproblem-solvingabilityinsleep. B.Todiscoverpeople’sinsightduringsleep.C.Toproveagoodsleephelpssolveproblems. D.Todiscusshowtoimprovesleepingquality.14.HowdidJanBornandhisteamcarryouttheexperiment?A.Throughcomparison. B.Throughinterviews.C.Throughtalks. D.Throughimagination.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentalevidence?A.Ithelpsscientistscontrolmemories. B.Itexplainstheroleofsleepinhuman.C.Ittellsustheroleofsleepisamystery. D.Itshowssleepdoesgoodtocreativethinking.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了良好的睡眠可以提高洞察力和解決問(wèn)題的實(shí)力?！?2題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)后文Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatcouldn’tbesolvedthenightbeforecanoftenappearmoremanageable可知睡了一夜好覺(jué)后，前一天晚上無(wú)法解決的問(wèn)題通常會(huì)顯得更簡(jiǎn)單處理，由此可知，科學(xué)家們表示，“推遲到其次天再做確定”的建議是有充分依據(jù)的。即劃線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)意思為“推遲到其次天再做確定”。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中ButresearchersattheUniversityofLuebekinGermanyhavedesignedanexperimentthatshowsagoodnight’ssleepcanimproveinsightandproblem-solving.可知但德國(guó)呂貝克高校的探討人員設(shè)計(jì)了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，表明良好的睡眠可以提高洞察力和解決問(wèn)題的實(shí)力。由此可知，這個(gè)試驗(yàn)的目的是證明良好的睡眠有助于解決問(wèn)題。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups:halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletherestwereforcedtostayawake.可知探討人員將志愿者分成兩組:訓(xùn)練結(jié)束后，一半人被允許睡覺(jué)，另一半人被強(qiáng)迫保持醒悟。以及第三段中Dr.JanBornandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.可知JanBorn博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)留意到，在訓(xùn)練后睡覺(jué)的那組人發(fā)覺(jué)第三條規(guī)則的可能性是另一組人的兩倍。由此可推知，JanBorn和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)是通過(guò)比較進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)的。故選A。【15題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中PierreMaquetandPerrineRubyoftheUniversityofLiegeinBelgiumsaidtheexperimentalevidencesupportstheanecdotalsuggestionsthatsleepcanhelpdevelopcreativethinking.可知比利時(shí)列日高校的PierreMaquet和PerrineRuby說(shuō)，試驗(yàn)證據(jù)支持了睡眠有助于培育創(chuàng)建性思維的說(shuō)法。由此我們能從試驗(yàn)證據(jù)中了解到，睡眠對(duì)創(chuàng)建性思維有好處。故選D。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimesyoufindyourselfinasituationwhereyoufindithardtotoleratesomeone’sactionsorwords.Trytounderstandwhereeachpersoniscomingfrom,andavoidmakingitintoapersonalbattle.Youcantrytodevelopamoretolerantattitudebylearningaboutdifferentpeople,developingconfidenceinyourself,andcomingtoappreciatedifferences.___16___Makeeffortstounderstandsomeoneelse.Youmayhaveverydifferentbackgroundsandexperiences.___17___Sotrytoseethingsfromhisside.Askforanexplanation.Ifyouaretalkingtosomeoneandhesayssomethingthatyoufindhardtoaccept,youcanfigureouthisperspectivewithoutbeingintolerant.___18___Forexample,youmightsaysomethinglike,“OK,tellmemoreaboutthat.Whatmakesyouthinkthat？”Anyway,rememberthattolerancedoesnotmeanacceptingunacceptablebehavior.___19___Thismaybeamorenegativekindoftolerancethanlearningtoacceptandvaluedifferences,butitcanbeuseful.Todothisyouwouldhavetoavoidcertaintopicsofconversation,orswiftlychangethesubjectwhennecessary.Dealwithaconflict.Whenyouhavedifficultytoleratingsomeone’sactionsorwords,youcanstartbycalmlydescribingwhatyoufindoffensive.____20____Andyoushouldthenexplainhowtheproblemwouldbedealtwith.A.Trytoignoreyourdifferences.B.Use“I”statementsratherthan“you”statements.C.Startbystatingwhatyouthinkagoodsituationis.D.Trytounderstandhisviewswellbyaskinghimtoexplainthem.E.Herearetipsthathelpyoutolerateothersindifficultsituations.F.Whatseemsobvioustoyoumightseemstrangetosomeoneelse.G.Next,trytogetabetterunderstandingofeachother’sviewsaboutit.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。有時(shí)你發(fā)覺(jué)自己很難容忍別人的行為或言語(yǔ)。試著了解每個(gè)人從何而來(lái)，避開(kāi)把它變成一場(chǎng)個(gè)人斗爭(zhēng)。你可以通過(guò)了解不同的人，培育自信，觀賞不同的人來(lái)培育更寬容的看法。文章主要就如何在困難的狀況下容忍他人提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】本句為第一段最終一句，有啟示下文的作用，結(jié)合后文主要說(shuō)明白一些幫助人們?nèi)萑趟说慕ㄗh。故E選項(xiàng)“這里有一些建議可以幫助你在困難的狀況下容忍他人”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文Makeeffortstounderstandsomeoneelse.Youmayhaveverydifferentbackgroundsandexperiences.可知努力去理解別人。你們可能有特別不同的背景和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。以及后文Sotrytoseethingsfromhisside.可知所以試著從他的角度看問(wèn)題。由此可知，因?yàn)楸尘昂徒?jīng)驗(yàn)不同，所以在你看來(lái)自不待言的事情，在別人看來(lái)可能很驚奇，因此要試著從他人的肯定看問(wèn)題。故F選項(xiàng)“在你看來(lái)自不待言的事情，在別人看來(lái)可能很驚奇”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文Askforanexplanation.Ifyouaretalkingtosomeoneandhesayssomethingthatyoufindhardtoaccept,youcanfigureouthisperspectivewithoutbeingintolerant.可知要求一個(gè)說(shuō)明。假如你和一個(gè)人閑聊，他說(shuō)了一些你難以接受的話(huà)，你可以弄清晰他的觀點(diǎn)，而不至于不寬容。由此可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明，當(dāng)你覺(jué)得某人的觀點(diǎn)難以接受時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)試著去理解，請(qǐng)對(duì)方說(shuō)明。故D選項(xiàng)“試著理解他的觀點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)他說(shuō)明”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)后文Thismaybeamorenegativekindoftolerancethanlearningtoacceptandvaluedifferences,butitcanbeuseful.Todothisyouwouldhavetoavoidcertaintopicsofconversation,orswiftlychangethesubjectwhennecessary.可知這可能是一種比學(xué)習(xí)接受和重視差異更消極的寬容，但它可能是有用的。要做到這一點(diǎn)，你必需避開(kāi)某些談話(huà)的話(huà)題，或在必要時(shí)快速變更話(huà)題。由此可知，本段說(shuō)明的是試著忽視你和對(duì)方的差異。故A選項(xiàng)“試著忽視你們的差異”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選A。【20題詳解】依據(jù)上文Dealwithaconflict.Whenyouhavedifficultytoleratingsomeone’sactionsorwords,youcanstartbycalmlydescribingwhatyoufindoffensive.可知處理好沖突。當(dāng)你難以容忍某人的行為或言語(yǔ)時(shí)，你可以從安靜地描述你覺(jué)得冒犯的東西起先。以及后文Andyoushouldthenexplainhowtheproblemwouldbedealtwith.可知然后你應(yīng)當(dāng)說(shuō)明如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。由此可知，遇到?jīng)_突，先是安靜地描述你覺(jué)得冒犯的地方，接著試著了解彼此對(duì)它的看法，最終是說(shuō)明如何處理。故G選項(xiàng)“接下來(lái)，試著更好地了解彼此對(duì)它的看法”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A,B,C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Iwasonmycellphonesharingmyexcitementaboutthestorieswereceivedforanewbookaboutresolutions(決心).WhenI___21___mycall,my11-year-oldsonBaileyaskedifhecouldwriteastory.Iwassurprisedbyhis___22___andaskedifhehad“resolved”todosomething___23___inhislife.Hisreply___24___me.Hesaid,“Ihaveresolvedtobenicertoyoungerchildren.”Baileyhasalwaysbeengenerouswitholderkids.___25___,whenitcomestoyoungerkids,hefalls___26___.HegetsangrywhentheytouchhisLegocreationsor___27___tounderstandhowtoplayhisvideogames.MyhusbandandIhavemanyfriendswithyoungerchildrenwho___28___regularly.Eachtimebeforetheyarrive,wetellBaileyhowwewould___29___itifheweremorepatientwiththeyoungerkids.Hestartsoutgreat,butasthenightwearson,hispatience____30____.Ifounditinterestingthathewas____31____makingachange.Later,I____32____ourconversationandrealizedthatBaileyhadactuallytakenaction.Thelasttimeourfriend’sson,Brayden,____33____,BaileyinvitedhimtoplaywithhisLegos.InsteadofgettingangrythatBraydenwasnot____34____correctly,accordingtoBailey’s____35____,heallowedhimtocreatehisownversionofanairplane.Whenplayingvideogames,insteadoftellingBraydenhewastoo____36____tounderstandtheconcept,hegavehimanunplugged(沒(méi)插電的)____37____andletBraydenbelievehewasfightingalongsideBailey.Asparents,weoftenfeelasifour____38____fallondeafears,butnowIrealizethatmysonhasbeenlisteningallalong.Heis____39____tobeabetterpersonandIam____40____ofhim.21.A.expected B.ended C.returned D.answered22.A.concern B.talent C.request D.belief23.A.different B.adventurous C.scientific D.enjoyable24.A.puzzled B.embarrassed C.annoyed D.surprised25.A.Therefore B.Instead C.However D.Besides26.A.asleep B.sick C.impatient D.silent27.A.agree B.fail C.tend D.manage28.A.visit B.practice C.perform D.debate29.A.handle B.appreciate C.recognize D.replace30.A.paysoff B.takesover C.reachesout D.wearsout31.A.casually B.normally C.innocently D.voluntarily32.A.concentrated B.recalled C.counted D.commented33.A.cameover B.gaveup C.showedoff D.ranaway34.A.writing B.reading C.building D.sitting35.A.standards B.situations C.memories D.experiments36.A.weak B.nervous C.busy D.young37.A.controller B.freezer C.computer D.lamp38.A.assessments B.achievements C.instructions D.imaginations39.A.pretending B.refusing C.training D.attempting40.A.aware B.proud C.tired D.afraid【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A36.D37.A38.C39.D40.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文作者講解并描述了自己兒子Bailey的變更。Bailey以前對(duì)大孩子很慷慨，但是對(duì)小孩子就不這樣了。作者常常教化Bailey要對(duì)小孩子耐性些。Bailey也的確實(shí)行了行動(dòng)，變更對(duì)小孩子的看法，這讓作者很欣慰和傲慢。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我結(jié)束通話(huà)時(shí)，我11歲的兒子Bailey問(wèn)我是否可以寫(xiě)一個(gè)故事。A.expected期盼；B.ended結(jié)束；C.returned返回；D.answered回答。依據(jù)上文Iwasonmycellphone可知作者原來(lái)在講電話(huà)，故此處指結(jié)束了通話(huà)后，兒子問(wèn)作者他是否能寫(xiě)一個(gè)故事。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)他的懇求感到驚異，并問(wèn)他是否“決心”要在他的生活中做一些不同的事情。A.concern關(guān)切；B.talent才能；C.request懇求；D.belief信念。依據(jù)上文Baileyaskedifhecouldwriteastory.可知前面一句講到她的兒子問(wèn)他是否能寫(xiě)這個(gè)故事，這是他兒子的一個(gè)懇求，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)他的要求感到驚異，并問(wèn)他是否“決心”要在他的生活中做一些不同的事情。A.different不同的；B.adventurous冒險(xiǎn)的；C.scientific科學(xué)的；D.enjoyable歡樂(lè)的。依據(jù)上文Iwassurprisedbyhis可知作者對(duì)兒子的懇求感到驚異，說(shuō)明自己寫(xiě)故事這件事對(duì)兒子來(lái)說(shuō)是一件不同的有難度的事情。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的回答使我驚訝。A.puzzled困惑的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.annoyed憤怒的；D.surprised驚異的。結(jié)合后文Hesaid,“Ihaveresolvedtobenicertoyoungerchildren.”可知兒子回答作者自己要對(duì)年幼的孩子好一些，沒(méi)有人要求他這么做，所以他這個(gè)回答讓作者感到驚異。故選D。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一遇到小孩子，他就不耐煩了。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead相反；C.However然而；D.Besides而且。結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用however。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一遇到小孩子，他就不耐煩了。A.asleep睡著的；B.sick生病的；C.impatient不耐性的；D.silent緘默的。依據(jù)第三段中heweremorepatientwiththeyoungerkids可知Bailey對(duì)小孩子不耐煩。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們觸摸他的樂(lè)高作品或沒(méi)能理解如何玩他的電子嬉戲時(shí)，他會(huì)生氣。A.agree同意；B.fail失敗；C.tend照料；D.manage管理。依據(jù)后文tounderstandhowtoplayhisvideogames.可知是指小孩子不理解如何玩Bailey的電子嬉戲時(shí)，Bailey會(huì)生氣。短語(yǔ)failtodosth.“沒(méi)能做某事”。故選B。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫和我有許多摯友，他們的孩子比我小，常常來(lái)探望我。A.visit探望；B.practice練習(xí)；C.perform表演；D.debate辯論。依據(jù)后文Eachtimebeforetheyarrive可知作者和丈夫的孩子常常來(lái)探望和探望作者他們。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次在孩子們到來(lái)之前，我們都會(huì)告知Bailey，假如他能對(duì)年幼的孩子們更有耐性一些，我們將不勝感謝。A.handle處理；B.appreciate觀賞；C.recognize識(shí)別；D.replace取代。前文講到作者的丈夫和她有許多有小孩子的摯友，會(huì)定期來(lái)訪。所以可知他們希望Bailey對(duì)小孩子更有耐性些，作者和丈夫?qū)⒑芨兄x。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他起先時(shí)很宏大，但隨著夜幕的駕臨 ，他的耐性慢慢耗盡。A.paysoff有回報(bào)；B.takesover接管；C.reachesout伸出；D.wearsout耗盡，磨損。前面講到“他起先表現(xiàn)很好”，然后以but（但是）轉(zhuǎn)折，可知后面他的耐性耗盡了，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得好玩的是，他是自愿做出變更的。A.casually隨意地；B.normally正常地；C.innocently無(wú)辜地；D.voluntarily自愿地。依據(jù)下一段中Baileyhadactuallytakenaction.可知Bailey是志愿實(shí)行行動(dòng)對(duì)小孩子耐性的。故選D。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)，我回想起我們的談話(huà)，意識(shí)到Bailey事實(shí)上已經(jīng)實(shí)行了行動(dòng)。A.concentrated集中；B.recalled回想起；C.counted計(jì)算；D.commented評(píng)論。依據(jù)后文ourconversationandrealizedthatBaileyhadactuallytakenaction可知作者后來(lái)回想自己和兒子的對(duì)話(huà)，才意識(shí)到Bailey事實(shí)上已經(jīng)實(shí)行了行動(dòng)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：上次我們摯友的兒子Brayden來(lái)我家時(shí)，Bailey邀請(qǐng)他去玩他的樂(lè)高玩具。A.cameover順便來(lái)訪；B.gaveup放棄；C.showedoff炫耀；D.ranaway逃跑。結(jié)合后文Ba