2023年中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語動(dòng)詞（學(xué)生版）

語法專題九、非謂語動(dòng)詞（必考）

E0考點(diǎn)精講

非謂語動(dòng)詞，是指在句子中不能做謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞

和過去分詞）.現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去分詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài).初中階段主要考

查不定式和動(dòng)名詞,本文就講解這兩大考點(diǎn).分詞詳見后面的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)專題.

考點(diǎn)1：不定式todo（中考必考）

定義和用法：不定式to可以做主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語（表目的）、定語（t。放后

修飾前面的名代）.

?？键c(diǎn)就是todo做賓語或賓補(bǔ),哪些動(dòng)詞后加todo,背下面的搭配.

①后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的搭配有：

wouldliketodosthwanttodosth（想要做某decidetodosth（決定做

（樂意做某事）事）某事）

plantodosth（計(jì)劃做begin/starttodosthTrytodosth（設(shè)法做某

某事）（開始做某事）事）

pretendtodosth（假裝做hopetodosth（希望做某agreetodosth（同意做某

某事）事）事）

learntodosth（學(xué)會(huì)做needtodosth（需要做某promisetodosth

某事）事）（答應(yīng)做某事）

refusetodosth（拒絕做usedtodosthaffordtodosth

某事）（過去常做某事）（負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事）

②后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的搭配有:

asksb.todosth.（叫某人做某tellsb.todosth.（告訴某人做某

事）事）

allowsb.todosth.（允許某人做某wishsbtodosth（希望做某事）

事）

wantsb.todosth.（想要某人做某advisesbtodosth（建議某人做某事）

事）

invitesb.todosth.（邀請某人做expectsbtodosth（期待某人做某事）

某事）

Encouragesbtodosth（鼓勵(lì)某人做某Teachsbtodosth（教某人做某事）

事）

考點(diǎn)2省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式

（1）使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí),主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不定式省氣?！?，被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)

要補(bǔ)回氣。"，這點(diǎn)詳見被動(dòng)語態(tài)專題.下面我們識(shí)記一些常見搭配：

makesb.dosth.使某人做某seesb.do/doingsth看見某人做/正

事做某事

letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事watchsbdo/doingsth觀看某人做/正

做某事

havesb.dosth.請某人做某findsbdo/doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做/正

事做某事

hadbetter（not）dosth.最好（不）Hearsbdo/doingsth.聽見某人做/正

做某事做某事

prefertodoratherthandosth.寧wouldratherdosth.thandosth.

愿…而不愿寧愿做...而不愿

Whydon'tyoudo…？=Whynotdosth.?Would/couldyouplease（not）do

為什么不做……？sth.?

請你（不）……好嗎？

考點(diǎn)3動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式，作用相當(dāng)于名詞）

動(dòng)名詞，顧名思義就是動(dòng)詞作名詞用，在句中可做主語、賓語、表語、定語等.中考常考

點(diǎn)是動(dòng)名詞做主語.另一考點(diǎn)就是常接動(dòng)名詞的一些搭配.

?？荚~組和句型：

enjoy/likedoingsth（喜歡做某feellikedoingsth（想要做某事）

事）

keepdoingsth（保持做某事）hatedoingsth（討厭做某事）

minddoingsth（介意做某事）spendtimedoingsth（花時(shí)間做某事）

finishdoingsth（完成做某practisedoingsth（練習(xí)做某事）

事）

considerdoingsth（考慮做某can，thelpdoingsth（禁不住做某事）

事）

bebusydoingsth（忙于做某beworthdoingsth（值得做某事）

事）

havefundoingsth（玩得開心）haveproblems/troubledoingsth（做某事有

困難）

注意：所有的介詞（in,at,for,of,on,from,up,about,to,with,without等）后+doing,

下列幾個(gè)詞組的“t?！睘榻樵~

be/getusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做某事preferdoingtodoing寧愿做...而不愿

lookforwardtodoing盼望著做某事payattentiontodoing注意做某事

makeacontributiontodoing為...做貢獻(xiàn)helponeselftosth.請自便

stoptodosth停下來做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某事

remembertodosth記得將做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做了某事

forgettodosth.忘記將做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做了某事

continuedoingsth繼續(xù)做同一件事continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事

考點(diǎn)精練

中考語法一非謂語動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

（共計(jì)50小題,每小題2分，總分100分.）

1.Iusuallyspendtimeinthelibraryonweekends.

A.readB.readingc.readsD.toread

2.Ourteacheroftentellsus____acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlight

isred.

A.goB.goingc.don'tgoD.nottogo

3.Boysandgirls,goodluckandwishyougoodgradeson

yournewjourney!

A.cuttingB.tocutC.gettingD.toget

4.Dianausedtotowork,butnowsheisusedtobecause

theroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.

A.drive;walkB.drive;walkingC.driving;walk

5.Itseemshopelesstogetthereontimebecausethereislittletime

A.leavingB.leftC.toleaveD.leaves

6.Shewantstocontinueuntilsheis60.

A.workingB.toworkingC.worksD.worked

7.Iexpectmygrandparentsduringmysummervacation.

A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.tovisiting

8.Thedifferencebetweenthetwowordsisworth

A.payingattentionB.topayattentionto

C.topayattentionD.payingattentionto

9.Weshoulddowhatwecanthosepeoplewhentheyareintrouble.

A.tohelpB.helpedC.helpD.helping

10.一MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills?

一Certainly.IadviseyouadiaryinEnglisheveryday.

A.tokeepB.keepingC.keptD.keep

11.TheNewYeariscoming.Teachersencourageusnewhobbies.

A.developB.developingC.todevelopD.developed

12.-Theartfestivaliscoming.It'sagoodchancetoshowourselves.

-Youareverygoodat.Andyouwillbethemostpopularstar.

A.singingB.singC.tosingD.sang

13.—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?

一No,Ihaven51.Iplanitthisweekend.

A.writeB.wroteC.writingD.towrite

14.—Myparentsdon，tallowmemyphoneonschooldays.

一Theyarestrict.Buttheyalwayswantthebestforyou.

A.touseB.useC.usingD.used

15.WhenIwasyoung,myparentstaughtmeolderpeoplekindly.

A.treatsB.totreatC.treatedD.treat

16.Theearthisingreatdangernow.Wehavetodosomethingit.

A.protectB.protectingC.toprotectD.protected

17.——Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnology

products.

一That'sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoidthese

productsmadeinChina.

A.tobuyB.nottobuyC.buyingD.notbuying

18.Thepolicemantoldthechildrenintheriver.It，stoo

dangerous!

A.tonotswimB.nottoswimC.notswimD.notswimming

19.theonlineshopping,mygrandmaboughtasmartphone.

A.EnjoyedB.EnjoyingC.EnjoyD.Toenjoy

20.Mymothersaysaglassofmilkeverydayisgoodforour

health.

A.drinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drinks

21.Myfamilyenjoybooksinthecitylibraryinourspare

time.

A.readsB.readC.toreadD.reading

22.myself,Iwilltakeupahobbylikepaintingthissummer.

A.ImproveB.ImprovingC.ToimproveD.Improved

23.Don，tworry.WewillmeetnextMondaytheprojectagain.

A.discussB.discussedc.discussingD.todiscuss

24.一Englishisdifficultatthebeginning.

Yes,butifyoukeep______,youcanmakeprogress.

A.tobelearned;tryingB.tolearn;trying

C.tobelearned;totryD.tolearn;totry

25.Myparentsareusedtoaftersupper.

A.walkB.walksC.walkingD.walked

26.——ItriedtomakeAliceheirmindbutIfounditdifficult.

一Well,IsawyouthatwhenIwentpast.

A.changed;doB.changes;doingC.change;todoD.change;doing

27.Ican51tellyouwhatshesaid.I'vepromiseditasecret.

A.keepB.tokeepC.keepingD.kept

28.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucanothers.

A.helpB.helpingc.helpsD.tohelp

29.YoushouldaskBob________hisownclothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.

A.washB.washesC.washingD.towash

30.Westopped__,buttherewasnotanysound.

A.tolistenB.listensc.listenD.listening

31.IsawsomeboystudentsbasketballwhenIpassedthe

playground.

A.playedB.playsC.playingD.toplay

32.—Dad,whymustIstopcomputergames?

一Foryourhealth,myboy.

A.playB.toplayC.toplayingD.playing

33.Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn，tallowher

theice-cream.

A.eatB.eatsC.toeatD.ate

34.—Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?

一You5dbettermorewaterthanusual.It'shottoday.

A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.took

35.Theshowwassofunnythatitmadeeveryoneagainandagain.

A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh

36.Ihopeeveryonecancareabouttheenvironmentandstop

things.

A.protecting;wastingB.protecting;towaste

C.protect;wastingD.protect;towaste

37.Itriedtomakethebabybysinging,andthatworkedwellat

last.

A.tostoptocryB.tostopcryingC.stoptocryD.stopcrying

38.一Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.

一rmsorry,butmyfatherandIplannedBeijingalongtimeago.

A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited

39.—Wouldyoulikeafilmwithustonight?

一Sorry,Ihavetohelpmymotherdohousework.

A.seeB.toseeC.seeingD.toseeing

40.IheardTomwhenIwalkedpasthisroomyesterday.

A.singB.singingC.tosingD.sang

41.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youshouldpracticeit

asoftenasyoucan.

A.speakB.tospeakc.speakingD.speaks

42.Iwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom

thesamemistake.

A.makeB.madec.makesD.making

43.一Whataheavyrain!

Soitis.Ipreferratherthanonsucharainyday

A.stayingathome;gooutB.tostayathome;goout

C.goingout;stayathomeD.togoout;stayathome

44.

So