Unit6DisasterandHope單詞學(xué)案高中英語

Unit6詞匯學(xué)案Understandingideas部分1.disaster詞塊：naturaldisasters,thedisasterarea2.tube熟詞生義：地鐵(美式英語：subway)詞塊：take/catchthetube,bytubeplus加號(hào)＋反義詞minus熟詞生義：優(yōu)點(diǎn)詞塊：ontheplusside4. erupt派生詞：eruption5. immediatelyimmediate(adj立即的)+lyadv近義詞：atonceconj近義詞：assoonasoccur 正式用語，對應(yīng)happenoc(=obagainst,toward相對、向)+cur(torun跑)→相對著跑，即跑到一起→遇到→發(fā)生詞塊：occurto,itoccurstosb(that),itoccurstosbtodosth7. announcement announce(宣布)+ment(名詞后綴)詞塊：makeanannouncement=announce8. forecast fore(before在……之前)+cast(throw投)→預(yù)先投放→預(yù)料、預(yù)測近義詞：predict詞塊：aweatherforecastgrab基本義：抓住熟詞生義：匆忙地吃/喝詞塊：grabtheopportunityreliablerely(依賴)+able(可……的)→可以依賴的→可信賴的近義詞：dependablerescue近義詞：save詞塊：rescueworkers,etosb’srescue,rescuesbfromemergencyemerge(出現(xiàn))+ency(名詞后綴)→突然出現(xiàn)的事→突發(fā)事件、緊急情況PublicHealthEmergencytyphoon音譯詞exceptionally詞族：except,exception,exceptional,exceptionallyclaim詞塊：claimtobe/dosth,claim+(that)從句,makeaclaim/claimscrisis詞塊：crisisofconfidence;energycrisis;financialcrisisthreat&threaten詞族：threat,threaten,threatening詞塊：athreattosth,threatentodosthpreciselyprecise(精確的)+ly(副詞后綴)precise：pre(before前)+cise(tocut切)→預(yù)先裁剪好的→精確的近義詞：exactlyplusn.加號(hào)；正號(hào)；[非正式用語]有利因素反minus：theplussignHerknowledgeofFrenchisabigplusinherjob.prep加；加上反minus；外加；另有：Threeplustwoequals/is/makesfive.Hehadwealthplusfame.conj[非正式用語]并且；而且：Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.adj說出下列詞塊或句子中plus的漢語釋義。AplusA+plus5℃零上anineof$50,000plus多Thisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplussideitisextremelyreliable.好的/有利的occurv.①[正式用語]發(fā)生tohappen:AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.②出現(xiàn)；存在toexistorbefoundsomewhere：Sugaroccursnaturallyinfruit.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.occurtosb浮現(xiàn)于腦中；被想起：itoccurstosbtodosth:Itoccurredtohertophonethepolice.itoccurstosb+that從句:NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybeeatopstudentinhisclass.詞匯拓展?occurrencen①[C]發(fā)生的事情：everydayoccurrences②[U]發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)occur,happen,takeplace相同點(diǎn)：三者都可指“發(fā)生” 三者都是不及物動(dòng)詞，都不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)不同點(diǎn)：occur指“發(fā)生”時(shí)可與happen換用，但occur較為正式。Ifanyofthesesymptomsoccurwhileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.happen主要用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。Maybesomethingunexpectedhappened.takeplace主要指按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或發(fā)生，可指發(fā)生好事或不好的事。Theconferencewilltakeplacenextmonth.grabv①vi&vt（試圖）抓住(seize)：Lilygrabbedthetoycarfromherlittlebrother.grabtheopportunity/chance②vt［非正式用語］（因忙碌而）趕緊/抓緊（吃/喝/睡）：Fromthispointon,you’llhavefreetimetoexplorethecityandgrabsomelunch.Whydon’tyougoandgrabsomesleep?③吸引；引人注意：TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.■n[C]［常用單數(shù)］（猛然的）抓取rescue■vt營救：Shewasrescuedfromaburningbuilding.■n[U]&[C]救援；營救：etosb’srescueSomeoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.claimv①vt聲稱；宣稱：Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightingagainstcancer.claimtobe/dosth:Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.claim+(that)從句：SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.②vt&vi（根據(jù)權(quán)利）要求；索要；認(rèn)領(lǐng)：Heshouldbeabletoclaimbackthepriceoftheticket.Youcanclaimontheinsuranceifyouhaveanaccidentwhileonholiday.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.③vt[尤用于新聞報(bào)道]奪去（生命）tocausesb’sdeath：Over3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquake.■n[C]①聲稱；斷言：Theymadeclaimstheycouldn’tliveupto.②（對事物的）權(quán)利；所有權(quán)：Thereisalargenumberofpatentexaminers,whoseonlyjobistoexaminewhetheryourclaimisvalidornot.③要求；索賠：Youcanmakeaclaimoninsurancepolicy.本單元金句匯總Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.2.NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybeeatopstudentinhisclass.3.TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.4.Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.5.SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.隨堂檢測plus一、選出能替換畫線部分的單詞。Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.(Besides/However) _____________ 二、根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.IpletedtheseniorcourseofputerBasics,plusfiverelevantprecollegecourses._____________ 2.Thisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplussideitisextremelyreliable. _____________ 3.Whatsomepeopleregardasadrawback（缺點(diǎn)）isseenasaplusbymanyothers._____________4.MyjobistointroduceBritishvisitorstothe120pluspandas. _____________occur一、根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子。1._________________________（我沒有想到）thathemighthavehadproblems.2.Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideas_____________________________（他想到的）.3.Isuppose________________________________（她根本沒想到要請求幫助）.4._________________________（他突然想到）thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.二、選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語，并用其正確形式填空。occurhappentakeplace1.TheOlympics__________________everyfouryears.2.Nooneknowsexactlywhat__________________butseveralpeoplehavebeenhurt.3.Theinstructionssay:“Ifanyadverse（不利的）reactions__________________,discontinueuseandconsultyourdoctor.”grab一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Shegrabbedthechild’shandandran. ___________2.Thebookisfullofgoodideastograbthestudents’attention.___________ 3.HangonwhileIgrabacupofcoffee. ___________二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1.Ithinkyoushould________________________________（抓住機(jī)會(huì)）totravelwhileyou’reyoung.rescue漢譯英。1.救援人員______________________2.營救某人(n)______________________3.營救行動(dòng)_____________________________4.從……中救出某人(v)______________________claim寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit.___________2.Hetriedtoclaimthathehadactedinselfdefence.____________3.Thepanyclaimsthattheirproduct“makesyouthinwithoutdieting”.___________ 4.Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear.___________5.Thegroupclaimedresponsibilityforaseriesofbombings.____________6.Ifyou’restillnotsatisfied,youmaybeabletoclaimcashchecks.____________7.TheForeignAffairsDepartmenthasdenied（否認(rèn)）claimsthatthemenwereilltreated. __________8.Thepanyhadmadefalseclaimsaboutitsproducts.____________ Developingideas部分1. billion 詞源：來自法語，由bi(two兩個(gè))+million構(gòu)成，本義是millionmillion(萬億)。后來也許是因?yàn)椤叭f億”這個(gè)單位太大，billion在法語中的含義從“萬億”變成了“十億”。美國人也采用了法國人的做法，可能是因?yàn)樵诿绹?dú)立戰(zhàn)爭中美國人和法國人并肩和英國人作戰(zhàn)的緣故。法國從1948年開始將billion的含義恢復(fù)到它的本意“萬億”，但美國依然堅(jiān)持用billion來表示“十億”而非“萬億”。就這樣，同一個(gè)英語單詞billion，在美國和英國的含義相差了整整一千倍。隨著美國文化影響力日益增大，越來越多的英國人也開始采用美國人的做法，用billion來表示“十億”而非“萬億”。詞塊：billionsof2. lap 熟詞生義：（跑道等的）一圈詞塊：sitin/onsb’slap3. nowhere近義詞：notanywhere詞塊：nowherenearenough,nowheretobefound/seen4. otherwiseother+wise(以……方式)；句子副詞5. helicopter 拓展plane,aeroplane,airplane,aircraft6. midnightmid(在……中)+night詞塊：atmidnight7. county 來自count(伯爵)，伯爵管轄的土地→郡、縣法國作家大仲馬有著名作品：《基督山伯爵》(TheCountofMonteCristo)8. threat&threaten詞族：threat,threaten,threatening詞塊：athreattosth,threatentodosth9. sufficient 正式用語，對應(yīng)enough10. shelter 一詞多義：基本義“提供保護(hù)的建筑”詞塊：takeshelterfrom抽象名詞具體化名詞動(dòng)詞化：shelter…fromotherwiseadv①以另外方式；別樣：Unlessotherwiseassignedaseatbytheteacher,Ialwayschosetositatthebackoftheclassroom.Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbeotherwiseoccupied/engaged(=doingsthelse).②［句子副詞］否則；不然：You’llhavetogonow,otherwiseyou’llmissyourbus.Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefounditotherwise.③［句子副詞］除此以外：Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.threatn①[C]&[U]威脅；恐嚇：thethreatofviolence②[C]［常用單數(shù)］構(gòu)成威脅的人/事物：Pollutionposesathreattothecontinuedexistenceofthisspecies.③[U]&[C]［常用單數(shù)］兇兆：Therewasathreatoftyphoon.threatenv①vt威脅；恐嚇；危及到：Trafficissuesnotonlyaffectoureverydaylife,butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.threatentodosth:Davidthreatenedtoreporthisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.②vt&vi預(yù)示（……的）兇兆：Thedarkcloudsthreatenedrain.?threateningadj帶有威脅的propertyn①[U]所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)；資產(chǎn)；（房）地產(chǎn)：intellectualpropertyInformationisourmostimportantproperty.apropertydeveloper②[C]［常用復(fù)數(shù)］［正式用語］性質(zhì)；性能；特性：Asabotanist,hetakesnotesonthepropertiesofanyplantheencounters.sheltern①[C]遮蓋物；躲避處；避難所：（暫時(shí)性）Weshouldfindashelterfromthewind.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.②[U]居所；住處Food,clothing,fuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds.③[U]保護(hù)；掩蔽；庇護(hù)：find/takeshelterfromtherainTheywerestandingundertheshelterofahugetree.、名詞動(dòng)化①vt掩蔽；保護(hù)；Graduationrepresentsmovingfromtheshelteredlifeofhighschoolintotherealworld.shelter...from:Treeswereplantedtoshelterthisareafromstrongsandstorms.②vi躲避；避難：Wesatintheshade,shelteringfromthesun.本單元金句匯總1.Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbeotherwiseoccupied/engaged.2.Trafficissuesnotonlyaffectoureverydaylife,butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.3.Informationisourmostimportantproperty.4.Weshouldfindashelterfromthewind.5.Food,clothing,fuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds.6.Treeswereplantedtoshelterthisareafromstrongsandstorms.隨堂檢測otherwise寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheywouldhavepletedthetaskinhalfthetime.______________2.Allthephotographsinthisbook,unlessstatedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.______________3.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactive（不活動(dòng)的）butotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representative（有代表性的）ofthoseofmostofus._____________ threat&threaten一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義。1.Hispositionasleaderisunderthreat. ___________________2.Thedaybegancoldandgray;acoveroflowanddarkcloudsthreatenedrain.___________________二、在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Everyoneagreedthatclimatechangeis____threa