安徽省淮北市龍興中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

2023—2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末考試高一英語試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答第I卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3.回答第II卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.測(cè)試范圍：5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoestheboyhavetohurry?A.Hehastogetupearly.B.Heislatefortheschooltrip.C.Hehasn’tstartedcleaninghisteeth.2.WhencanCharlottewatchherprogramaccordingtotheboy?A.Whenshewantsto.B.Whenhermothersaysso.C.Whentheboyplaysfootball.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Coworkers.C.Husbandandwife.4.Howwillthemangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.5.Whatdidthewomando?A.Sherepairedaskirt.B.Sheboughtanewskirt.C.Shemadeaholeinaskirt.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Startateamproject.B.Plananeveningout.C.Holdadinnerparty.7.Whatwillthespeakersstartplanningsoon?A.Whattheywilleat.B.Whotheywillinvite.C.Wheretheywillcelebrate.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Windy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttaking?A.Alaptop.B.Asunhat.C.Asparepairofboots.10.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.Keeptotheplan.B.Giveupcamping.C.Plananothertrip.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherexamresults?A.Disappointed.B.Excited.C.Shocked.12.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?A.Throwaparty.B.Goforapicnic.C.Runinthepark.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Texthisfriends.B.Meethisparents.C.Applytoauniversity.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatdoesthemanthinkhasimprovedafterlearningItalian?A.Hisreadingability.B.Hismemory.C.Hiscuriosity.15.Wheredidthewomanknowaboutthebenefitoflanguagelearning?A.Fromateacher.B.Fromanarticle.C.Fromalanguagepartner.16.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttodo?A.GotoGermany.B.Teachatacollege.C.TakePortugueseclasses.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Thefutureoftheplanet.B.Theintroductionofnewhouses.C.Thewaystoprotecttheenvironment.18.Whereisthetalkbeinggiven?A.Inanoffice.B.Inagarden.C.Inahouse.19.Whydoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstoputuptheirhand?A.Tohearabouttheirquestions.B.Tocountthenumberofpeoplepresent.C.Toseehowmanypeoplehavemadeadecision.20.Whataretheneighborsencouragedtodo?A.Pickflowers.B.Plantvegetables.C.Relaxinthegarden.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)共15小題;(每小題2.5分，共37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourCoolLanguagesChineseAround1.4billionpeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisatonal(聲調(diào)的)language,meaningthatchangingthetoneofjustonesyllable(音節(jié))canaffectaword’smeaning.Chinesewritinghasancientroots,whichisthoughttohavedevelopedstartingaround2000B.C.ArabicOver370millionpeoplespeakArabic.WrittenArabicusesacursivestylefont(連筆)thatlooksmorelikeartworksthanwriting.Arabiciswrittenfromrighttoleftratherthanlefttoright,makingitdifferentfrommanyotherlanguages.EnglishAround379millionpeoplespeakEnglishasanativelanguage.It’sanofficiallanguageinahugenumberofothercountries.Englishisthemostwidelyspokensecondlanguage,withoverabillionpeoplespeakingitasanonnativelanguage.ThatmeansaroundtwiceasmanypeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguagethanpeoplewhospeakitasafirstlanguage.ItalianNearly68millionpeoplespeakItalian.Ifyouplaymusicorsing,chancesarethatyoualreadyknowalotofItalianbecausemanyfamiliarmusicaltermsareactuallyItalian.NotonlywilllearningItalianhelpyoupickupvocabulary,butitwillalsohelpyouunderstandthemeaningsofmusicaltermsingreaterdepth.1.WhatisafeatureofArabic?A.Itdoesn’thavecursivestylefonts. B.Ithelpsartistswiththeirartworks.C.Itiswrittenfromrighttoleft. D.Itiscloselyrelatedtomusic.2.Whichlanguageisthemostwidelyusedasasecondlanguageintheworld?A.Arabic. B.English. C.Chinese. D.Italian.3.What’sthenumberofpeoplewhospeakItalian?A.Nearly68million. B.Around370million.C.Over379million. D.Around1.4billion.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了四種很酷的語言。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Arabic中“Arabiciswrittenfromrighttoleftratherthanlefttoright,makingitdifferentfrommanyotherlanguages.(阿拉伯語是從右到左而不是從左到右書寫的，這使它與許多其他語言不同。)”可知，阿拉伯語從右往左寫。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)English中“Englishisthemostwidelyspokensecondlanguage,withoverabillionpeoplespeakingitasanonnativelanguage.ThatmeansaroundtwiceasmanypeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguagethanpeoplewhospeakitasafirstlanguage.(英語是使用最廣泛的第二語言，有超過10億人將其作為非母語。這意味著將英語作為第二語言的人數(shù)大約是將其作為第一語言的人數(shù)的兩倍。)”可知，作為第二語言使用最廣泛的是英語。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Italian中“Nearly68millionpeoplespeakItalian.(將近6800萬人說意大利語。)”可知，近6800萬人說意大利語。BWHYSHENNONGJIA?Asweknow,in2016,ShennongjiamadeitontotheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.Buttherearesomanyimportantplacesnotyetonthislist.Soyoumightask:whyShennongjia?UNESCOawardedShennongjiathisstatusbecauseitmeetstwocriteriarequiredbythelist.Itcontainsanaturallybalancedenvironmentthatallowsthemanyandvariousspeciestoliveandprosper.Itisalsooneoftherarelocationsintheworldwherescientistscanobserveinrealtimetheecologicalandbiologicalprocessesthatoccurastheplantsandanimalsdevelopandevolve.Forthefirstcriterion,Shennongjiaisapparentlyoneofthemost“plete”naturalareasintheworld.Theregionrisesfromabout400metrestoover3,000metresabovesealevel,givingitthenamethe“RoofofCentralChina”.Forthesecondcriterion,wecanseethatShennongjiahasincrediblebiodiversity.Lookatthisslide.Accordingtoofficialstatistics,over3,000plantspecieshavebeenrecordedthere.ThisrepresentsmorethantenpercentofChina’stotalfloralrichness.Itisachallengetolookaftersomanyspecies.Inwinter,scientistsbraveheavysnowandfreezingtemperaturestosupplyfoodtotheGoldenSnubnosedMonkey.Thankstotheirefforts,themonkey’spopulationhasdoubledsincethe1980s.Theirnumberreachedover1,300in2015andcontinuestogrow.ButthemostimpressiveaspectofShennongjiaisthelocalpeople,whotakethingsfromnaturewithoutcausingdamage.Ivisitedalocalvillagewhichisknownforitshomemadehoney.WhatisspecialaboutthehoneyisthatitisproducedbytheearliestspeciesofChinesebee.AllofthisexplainswhyShennongjiaearned—anddeserves—itsplaceontheUNESCOWorldHeritageList,aswellashighlightinghowunderstanding,awarenessandhardworkhavecontributedtowardsprotectingauniqueandwonderfulpartofournaturalworld.4.WhyisShennongjiaincludedintheUNESCOWorldHeritageList?A.Becauseitsforestsstretchonandonlikegreatgreenseas.B.BecauseitisthelegendaryfatherofChineseherbalmedicine.C.Becauseitsatisfiesthetworequirementsforthestatus.DBecauseithasthemysteriouscreaturecalled“Yeren”.5.Shennongjiaisalsocalledthe“”.A.RoofofCentralChina B.RoofofNorthernChinaC.RoofofEasternChina D.RoofofSouthernChina6.HowdoestheauthorthinkofthescientistsinShennongjia?A.Patient. B.Careful. C.Confident. D.Hardworking.7.Accordingtothetext,whatimpressedtheauthormost?A.Alocalvillage. B.Thelocalpeople.C.Somespecialmonkeys. D.Thewildbees.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了神農(nóng)架被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“UNESCOawardedShennongjiathisstatusbecauseitmeetstwocriteriarequiredbythelist.(聯(lián)合國教科文組織授予神農(nóng)架這一地位，是因?yàn)樗鼭M足了名錄所要求的兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)”可知，聯(lián)合國教科文組織將神農(nóng)架授予這一地位，因?yàn)樗锨鍐嗡蟮膬蓚€(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“givingitthenamethe“RoofofCentralChina”(因此被稱為“華中屋脊”)”可知，該地區(qū)被譽(yù)為“華中屋脊”。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Itisachallengetolookaftersomanyspecies.Inwinter,scientistsbraveheavysnowandfreezingtemperaturestosupplyfoodtotheGoldenSnubnosedMonkey.(照顧這么多的物種是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。在冬天，科學(xué)家們冒著大雪和寒冷的氣溫為金絲猴提供食物。)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為照顧如此多的物種的科學(xué)家們是努力的、辛苦的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButthemostimpressiveaspectofShennongjiaisthelocalpeople(但神農(nóng)架最令人印象深刻的是當(dāng)?shù)厝?”可知，神農(nóng)架最令人印象深刻的方面是當(dāng)?shù)厝恕９蔬xB。CTheYellowRiveristhecradleofChina’scivilization.Andfloodcontrolandpreventionhavealwaysbeenkeytothewellbeingofthepeoplelivingalongit.Now,scientistscanbetterworkontheseissuesbygivingtheriveradigitaltwin.ThedigitaltwinoftheYellowRiverusesvarioustechnologies,includingbigdata,artificialintelligence,andtheinternetofthings.Devices(設(shè)備)setupalongtherivercollectandtransmitinformationtothecenter.Basedontheinformation,a3Dmodeloftheriverispresentedontheputerscreen.It’sliketheYellowRiverhasatwinthatreflectsitsrealconditions.Onebigbreakthroughintheriver’sdigitalgovernance(治理)is“smartstones”.AccordingtoWangQin,aleadresearcherattheInformationCenterofYellowRiverHenanBureau,asmartstoneisawaterproofstoneshapeddevicewithchips,abattery,andasignaltransmitter.Theyareburiedinimportantdike(堤壩)locationstorecordandreportthemovementofdikestones.“Uponfeelingmovementofthedikestones,thesmartstonesendsanalarmtothecenterforquickresponse,”Wangsaid.“Inthepast,researchershadtolearntheconditionsofthedikeonthespotbythemselves,puttingtheirlivesatrisk,”saidZhaoXiaofromthebureau.“Nowthesmartstonescandothisforus,moresafely,quickly,andaccurately.”Andinthesky,drones(無人機(jī))areflying.Ontheroutesdesignedbyengineers,thedronesbeeexpertpatrollers(巡邏員)oftheriver,lookingatitsdikesandfloodpreventionprojects.AccordingtoShenLinfromtheYellowRiverConservancymission,thankstothedrones,researchersatthemandcentercangetfirsthandphotosandinformation.“Researchersthenupdatethe3Dmodelaccordingtothechangesthedronesreported.Thenewlyupdatedmodelhelpsustestourfloodwaterreleaseplansincaseweeverneedtobattendownthehatches(未雨綢繆),”saidShen.Underthewaterandupinthesky,intelligencesystemsarehelpingtoprotecttheYellowRiverBasinonallfronts.AccordingtotheMinistryofWaterResources,inthefuture,wecanexpecttoseetheconstructionofanevenmoreprehensivedigitalsystemforthisimportantriver.8.WhatisthemainpurposeofcreatingadigitaltwinoftheYellowRiver?A.Toconducthistoricalresearch.B.Tocreateavirtualtouristattraction.C.Toraisepublicawarenessofriverprotection.D.Toimprovefloodcontrolandpreventionefforts.9.Howdothesmartstonescontributetotheriver’sdigitalgovernance?A.Theyrecordwaterquality.B.Theyimprovetheriver’sbeauty.C.Theymonitorandreportdikemovements.D.Theyserveasmarkersforimportantlocations.10.WhatisoneofthefunctionsofdronesinthedigitalgovernanceoftheYellowRiver?A.Entertainingtourists. B.Collectinginformationondikeconditions.C.Patrollingandtakewildlifephotos. D.Testingwaterquality.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prehensive”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.plete. B.Basic. C.Beautiful. D.Natural.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了黃河數(shù)字孿生體的創(chuàng)建目的、運(yùn)行方式和發(fā)展。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Andfloodcontrolandpreventionhavealwaysbeenkeytothewellbeingofthepeoplelivingalongit.Now,scientistscanbetterworkontheseissuesbygivingtheriveradigitaltwin.(洪水的控制和預(yù)防一直是生活在這條河上的人們幸福生活的關(guān)鍵?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們可以通過給河流一個(gè)數(shù)字孿生體來更好地解決這些問題。)”可知，創(chuàng)建黃河數(shù)字孿生體的主要目的是加強(qiáng)防洪工作。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Theyareburiedinimportantdike(堤壩)locationstorecordandreportthemovementofdikestones.(它們被埋在重要的堤壩上，以記錄和報(bào)告堤壩石塊的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”可知，智能石頭監(jiān)測(cè)和報(bào)告堤防的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Ontheroutesdesignedbyengineers,thedronesbeeexpertpatrollers(巡邏員)oftheriver,lookingatitsdikesandfloodpreventionprojects.(在工程師設(shè)計(jì)的路線上，無人機(jī)成為河流的專業(yè)巡邏員，監(jiān)視河堤和防洪工程。)”可知，無人機(jī)在黃河數(shù)字化治理中的作用之一是收集堤防狀況信息。故選B?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章最后一段中“Underthewaterandupinthesky,intelligencesystemsarehelpingtoprotecttheYellowRiverBasinonallfronts.AccordingtotheMinistryofWaterResources,inthefuture,wecanexpecttoseetheconstruction(水下和空中，情報(bào)系統(tǒng)正在幫助保護(hù)黃河流域的各個(gè)方面。根據(jù)水利部的說法，在未來，我們可以期待看到這條重要河流的建設(shè))”可知，水下和空中，情報(bào)系統(tǒng)正在幫助保護(hù)黃河流域的各個(gè)方面，希望在未來，可以看到這條重要河流的更全面的數(shù)字系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)。由此猜測(cè)，劃線詞意為“全面的”。A.plete完整的，全面的；B.Basic基礎(chǔ)的；C.Beautiful美麗的；D.Natura自然的。故選A。DAnycreatureorpersonthathasbothorganic(與有機(jī)體有關(guān)的)andnonorganicbodypartscantechnicallybeconsideredacyborg.Thismeansthatanyonewhohasapacemakertocontroltheirheartbeat,oracochlearimplant(耳蝸移植)torestoretheirhearing,couldtechnicallybecalledone.Theaboveareexamplesof“restorative”cyborgs,becausetechnologyisrestoringanabilitythatahealthyhumanwouldnormallyhave.Morerecentadvancementsinthisfieldincluderoboticarmsandlegs,whicharecontrolledbysensors(傳感器)toreceivemusclesignals.Recently,brainimplantshavealloweddisabledpeopletoperformsimpleputertasks.Butwiththeserapidadvancesintechnology,anothervarietyofcyborgwillsoonbeemoremon—‘Advanced’cyborgs.Ifit’spossibletomakemanmadebodypartswhichareasgoodastheirorganicones,thensurelyitwillbeepossibletomakeonesthatareevenbetter.Possiblecyborgadvancementsthatmayexistinthefutureincludemanmadejointswhichincreaseyourspeedandstrength.Advancedbrainchips(芯片)whichallowyoutocontrolmachineswithathought.Orvisualimplantswhichimproveyoureyesightorallowyoutoseecolorsthatcan’tbeseenpreviouslytothehumaneye.However,somepeopleworrythatthistechnologycouldbedangerous.Newwaysofexcitingthepleasurecentersofpeople’sbrainscouldleadtonewformsofaddiction.Othersworrythatitcouldleadtoinequalityinhealthcare,withthehighcostofimplantscausingthewealthytogainfurtheradvantagesoverthepoor.Implantswhichrestoretheabilitiesofthosewhoareinjuredareawonderfulmedicaladvancement.Butasphysicalenhancementsthatallowpeopletodomoreandlivelongerbeemoremon,thechoicewillbebetweenbiningwithmachinesorbeingleftbehind.12.Whichofthefollowingisacyborg?A.Apacemaker. B.Arobotwithstrongarms.C.Abrainimplant. D.Ananimalwitharoboticleg.13.Whatabilitymayanadvancedcyborghaveaccordingtothetext?A.Seeingmorecolorsthannormalpeople. B.Directingpeoplewithbrain.C.Creatingthemanmadejoints. D.Repairingtheorganicbodyparts.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thepoorcouldgainnewaddiction. B.Thewealthycouldlivelongerthanthepoor.C.Cyborgsnolongerneedhealthcare. D.Cyborgscouldavoidanyformofinjury.15.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Areportonaroboticproject. B.Afictionalnoveloncyborgs.C.Afitnessandwellbeingbrochure. D.Amagazineonnewscience.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了什么是半機(jī)械人以及但隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，另一種“高級(jí)”半機(jī)械人將很快變得更加普遍。文章介紹了它們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及擔(dān)憂。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anycreatureorpersonthathasbothorganic(與有機(jī)體有關(guān)的)andnonorganicbodypartscantechnicallybeconsideredacyborg.(任何具有有機(jī)和非有機(jī)身體部位的生物或人在技術(shù)上都可以被認(rèn)為是半機(jī)械人)”可知，有機(jī)械腿的動(dòng)物是半機(jī)械人。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Orvisualimplantswhichimproveyoureyesightorallowyoutoseecolorsthatcan’tbeseenpreviouslytothehumaneye.(或者是視覺植入物，它可以改善你的視力，或者讓你看到以前人眼看不到的顏色)”可知，高級(jí)半機(jī)械人能夠比正常人看到更多的顏色。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Othersworrythatitcouldleadtoinequalityinhealthcare,withthehighcostofimplantscausingthewealthytogainfurtheradvantagesoverthepoor.(另一些人則擔(dān)心，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的不平等，因?yàn)橹踩胛锏母叱杀緯?huì)讓富人進(jìn)一步獲得相對(duì)于窮人的優(yōu)勢(shì))”可推知，富人可能比窮人活得長。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theaboveareexamplesof“restorative”cyborgs,becausetechnologyisrestoringanabilitythatahealthyhumanwouldnormallyhave.Morerecentadvancementsinthisfieldincluderoboticarmsandlegs,whicharecontrolledbysensors(傳感器)toreceivemusclesignals.Recently,brainimplantshavealloweddisabledpeopletoperformsimpleputertasks.(以上是“恢復(fù)性”半機(jī)械人的例子，因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)正在恢復(fù)健康人通常擁有的能力。該領(lǐng)域的最新進(jìn)展包括機(jī)器人手臂和機(jī)器人腿，它們由傳感器控制以接收肌肉信號(hào)。最近，大腦植入物使殘疾人能夠執(zhí)行簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算機(jī)任務(wù))”結(jié)合文章主要說明了什么是半機(jī)械人以及但隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，另一種“高級(jí)”半機(jī)械人將很快變得更加普遍。文章介紹了它們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及擔(dān)憂。可推知，文章選自關(guān)于新科學(xué)的雜志。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Chineseculturevaluesfamilybonds(紐帶)verymuch.Familymembersdon’tjustgatherduringtheholidays,infacttheyoftenliveunderoneroofallyearround.Differentcultureshavedifferentfamilyvalues.____16____InmostEastAsiancultures,extendedfamilies(大家庭)aremon.____17____AccordingtotheAtlantic,90percentofchildreninShanghaiand70percentofchildreninBeijingwerecaredforbytheirgrandparents.Chinesepeoplebelievethat“agrandparentisatreasuretotheirfamily”.InmanyWesterncountries,mostfamiliesarenuclearfamilies(小家庭).Theseareonlymadeupofchildrenandtheirparents.Additionally,thedutiesparentshavetowardtheirchildrencanalsodiffer.____18____It’snormalforparentstopayfortheirchildren’scollege,helpthemfindajob,orbuythemanapartment.Chineseadultsalsofollowtheirparents’opinionswhenmakingmajorlifedecisions,moreoftenthannot.InmostWesterncountries,however,kidsusuallymoveoutofthehouseaftertheyturn18.____19____Also,iftheychoosetokeeplivingwiththeirparentsafterbeinganadult,itcanbeseenbysomeasafailureontheirpart.WhiletheEastcaresmoreaboutclosefamilybonds,theWestvaluesprivacyandindependence.____20____Familieswillalwaysbeasourceoflove,warmth,andcareforpeoplearoundtheworld.A.Butintheend,homeisbest—eastorwest.B.NuclearfamiliesarethemostmontypeinChina.C.BothEasternersandWesternersvaluequalityfamilytime.D.Familiesintheeastandwestareverydifferentfromeachother.EThesefamilieshavethreeorevenfourgenerationslivingtogether.F.InChina,manyparentslookaftertheirchildrenallthewayintoadulthood.G.Manycollegestudentsoftenworkparttimeinordertopayfortuitionandrent.【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了東西方的家庭差異很大。中國文化非常重視家庭的紐帶作用，而西方則重視隱私和獨(dú)立性。但是不論是東方或西方，家永遠(yuǎn)都是最好的地方?！?6題詳解】上文“Differentcultureshavedifferentfamilyvalues.(不同的文化有不同的家庭價(jià)值觀)”說明不同的文化的價(jià)值觀。由此可知，D項(xiàng)Familiesintheeastandwestareverydifferentfromeachother.(東方和西方的家庭各不相同)承接上文內(nèi)容，是對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步闡述，句中的Families和different都與空前內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“InmostEastAsiancultures,extendedfamilies(大家庭)aremon.(在大多數(shù)東亞文化中，大家庭是很常見的)”提到幾世同堂的現(xiàn)象在大多數(shù)東亞文化中很常見。由此可知，E項(xiàng)Thesefamilieshavethreeorevenfourgenerationslivingtogether.(這些家庭有三代甚至四代人住在一起)為進(jìn)一步具體解釋這一現(xiàn)象，上下文緊密連接，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’snormalforparentstopayfortheirchildren’scollege,helpthemfindajob,orbuythemanapartment.(父母支付孩子的大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)，幫助他們找工作，或者給他們買房子是很正常的)”可知，空格處放在段首，起到總領(lǐng)全段的作用，主要講述父母對(duì)子女從小到大的照顧。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)InChina,manyparentslookaftertheirchildrenallthewayintoadulthood.(在中國，許多父母一直照顧他們的孩子直到他們成年)正好概括了父母對(duì)孩子從小到大的照顧，上下文緊密連接，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“InmostWesterncountries,however,kidsusuallymoveoutofthehouseaftertheyturn18.(然而，在大多數(shù)西方國家，孩子們通常在18歲后搬出家)”可知，空格處承接上文講述孩子離家后的生活。由此可知，G項(xiàng)Manycollegestudentsoftenworkparttimeinordertopayfortuitionandrent.(為了支付學(xué)費(fèi)和房租，許多大學(xué)生經(jīng)常兼職工作)承接上文內(nèi)容，講述了西方孩子離家后的生活，上下文語意連貫，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“WhiletheEastcaresmoreaboutclosefamilybonds,theWestvaluesprivacyandindependence.(東方人更看重親密的家庭關(guān)系，而西方人看重隱私和獨(dú)立)”可知，東西方是有不同的；再結(jié)合下文“Familieswillalwaysbeasourceoflove,warmth,andcareforpeoplearoundtheworld.(對(duì)全世界的人來說，家庭永遠(yuǎn)是愛、溫暖和關(guān)懷的源泉)”可知，空格處起的是承上啟下作用。由此可知，A項(xiàng)Butintheend,homeisbest—eastorwest.(但歸根結(jié)底，無論東方還是西方，家都是最好的)中的But承接上文，表示語意的轉(zhuǎn)折；“homeisbest—eastorwest(無論東方還是西方，家都是最好的)”承接下文“Familieswillalwaysbeasourceoflove,warmth,andcareforpeoplearoundtheworld.(對(duì)全世界的人來說，家庭永遠(yuǎn)是愛、溫暖和關(guān)懷的源泉)”表示無論東方還是西方，家都是最好的。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasinmycollege,Ihaveafullclassscheduleandaparttimejob.I____21____hadtimeforexercise.Ontopofthat,mylifestyleasastarvingcollegestudentlentitselftomanyafastfoodrun.Undoubtedly,Iwas____22____.Aftergraduation,Idecidedtogotothe____23____.Togetherwithafriend,Ibegantoworkout____24____.Iwasverysatisfied.Myfriend,however,became____25____.Oneday,hesuggestedthatwetakeupasport.Me?Sports?Noway.Iwasnot____26____,andnoonewasgoingtochangemymind.However,afterafewweeks,Isteppedontoanoutdoorracquetballcourt(球場(chǎng))unwillingly.Ihittheball,sendingitflyingineverydirection(方向)exceptforthedirectionthatIhad____27____.ButjustasIwasbeginningtofeelfortable.myfriendsuggestedweplaytennis____28____.Tennis?Ican’tplaytennis!Iwas____29____againsthisnewsuggestion.However,weekslater,Ifoundmyselfstandingonatenniscourt.____30____.Iranaftereveryballthatheservedtome,pletely____31____aboutninetypercentofthem,andhittingtherestintothewoodsandtheothercourt.Thefirstfewmonthswerequite____32____.Butoneday,astheballcameflyingtowardme,myracketandtheballfinallymetinwhattennisplayersconsiderasthe“sweetspot”.Iwatched____33____asmyreturnlandedpowerfullyontheothersideofthecourt,almostexactlywhereIhadaimed.Ihadfinallylearnedhowtoplaytennisproperly(正確的)!Obviously,ifIhadn’tsteppedoutsideofmyfortzone(區(qū)域),Iwouldhavenever____34____howmuchIenjoyedtennis.Ibegantotrynewthingswillingly,withasenseof____35____.21.A.seldom B.always C.finally D.still22.A.lazy B.overweight C.diet D.good23.A.woods B.court C.gym D.zone24.A.often B.independently C.skillfully D.properly25.A.calm B.inspired C.angry D.bored26.A.relaxed B.rich C.afraid D.athletic27.A.changed B.expected C.followed D.traveled28.A.formally B.normally C.again D.instead29.A.hardly B.strongly C.partly D.strangely30.A.Awkwardly B.Actively C.Amazingly D.Rudely31.A.carrying B.missing C.seeing D.holding32.A.useful B.sweet C.satisfying D.hard33.A.inpeace B.inperson C.insurprise D.inahurry34.A.questioned B.wondered C.discovered D.remembered35.A.excitement B.fear C.duty D.pride【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.D27.B28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.C34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述作者在朋友的鼓勵(lì)和陪伴下走出自己的舒適區(qū)，開始嘗試新運(yùn)動(dòng)，并最終收獲快樂的故事。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很少有時(shí)間鍛煉。A.seldom很少；B.always總是；C.finally最終；D.still仍然。根據(jù)前文“Ihaveafullclassscheduleandaparttimejob”（我的課表排滿了，還有一份兼職工作。）可知，作者時(shí)間安排很滿，幾乎沒有時(shí)間鍛煉。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，我超重了。A.lazy懶惰的；B.overweight超重的；C.diet低糖的；D.good好的。根據(jù)前文“I___1____hadtimeforexercise”（我很少有時(shí)間運(yùn)動(dòng)）和“Ontopofthat,mylifestyleasastarvingcollegestudentlentitselftomanyafastfoodrun.

”（最重要的是，我作為一名饑腸轆轆的大學(xué)生吃了很多快餐。）可知，作者缺乏鍛煉，經(jīng)常吃快餐，所以會(huì)超重。故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢業(yè)后，我決定去健身房。A.woods森林；B.court法院；C.gym健身房；D.zone地區(qū)。根據(jù)后文“Ibegantoworkout”（我開始健身了）可知，作者決定去健身房鍛煉。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：和一個(gè)朋友一起，我開始經(jīng)常鍛煉。A.often經(jīng)常；B.independently獨(dú)立地；C.skillfully有技巧地；D.properly合適地。根據(jù)前文“Ibegantoworkout”（我開始健身了）和后文“Iwasverysatisfied.”（我非常滿意）可知，作者應(yīng)該是開始經(jīng)常健身，并且有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)效果，才會(huì)對(duì)自己健身的結(jié)果表示滿意。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很滿意。然而，我的朋友卻感到無聊。A.calm冷靜的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.angry生氣的；D.bored厭倦的。根據(jù)前文“Iwasverysatisfied.Myfriend,however”（我很滿意。但我的朋友卻……）可知，雖然作者很滿意，但朋友由于經(jīng)常健身，因此對(duì)于和作者這種健身小白在健身房鍛煉感到無聊。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我嗎？運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？不可能。我不擅長運(yùn)動(dòng)，沒有人能改變我的想法。A.relaxed放松的；B.rich富有的；C.afraid害怕的；D.athletic運(yùn)動(dòng)的。根據(jù)前文“Me?Sports?Noway”（我嗎？運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？不可能。）可知，作者朋友提到要開始新的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)拒絕了自己的朋友，因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為自己不善于運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打了球，使它向四面八方飛去，就是沒有飛向我期待的方向。A.changed改變；B.expected期待；C.followed跟隨；D.traveled旅行。根據(jù)前文“sendingitflyingineverydirectionexceptforthedirection”（球向四面八方飛去，就是沒有飛向我預(yù)定的方向。）可知，球并沒有往作者期待的方向飛去。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但就在我開始覺得舒服的時(shí)候，我的朋友卻建議我們打網(wǎng)球。A.formally正式地；B.normally正常地；C.again再一次；D.instead反而。根據(jù)前文“ButjustasIwasbeginningtofeelfortable,myfriendsuggestedweplaytennis”（但就在我開始覺得舒服的時(shí)候，我的朋友建議我們打網(wǎng)球。）可知，作者逐漸喜歡上這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，朋友卻提出了新的建議。故選D。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)他的新建議。A.hardly幾乎不；B.strongly強(qiáng)烈地；C.partly部分地；D.strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)前文“Tennis?Ican’tplaytennis!”（網(wǎng)球？我不會(huì)打網(wǎng)球?。┛芍髡叻浅２毁澩笥训慕ㄗh。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：尷尬的是，我追著他傳給我的每一個(gè)球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打進(jìn)了樹林和另一個(gè)場(chǎng)地。A.Awkwardly笨拙地，尷尬地；B.Actively積極地；有活力地；C.Amazingly令人驚訝地；D.Rudely無禮地。根據(jù)后文“Iranaftereveryballthatheservedtome,pletely____11____aboutninetypercentofthem,andhittingtherestintothewoodsandtheothercourt.”（我追著他傳給我的每一個(gè)球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打進(jìn)了樹林和另一個(gè)場(chǎng)地。）可知，作者一開始幾乎接不住朋友的球，很尷尬。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：尷尬的是，我追著他傳給我的每一個(gè)球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打進(jìn)了樹林和另一個(gè)場(chǎng)地。A.carrying拿著；B.missing未擊中；C.seeing看見；D.holding握住。根據(jù)后文“Thefirstfewmonthswerequite____12____.”（前幾個(gè)月十分艱難）可知，百分之九十的球都擊不中，說明作者剛開始打球的時(shí)候是很艱難的，很多球都打不中。故選B。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的幾個(gè)月非常艱難。A.useful有用的；B.sweet甜蜜的；C.satisfying令人滿意的；D.hard艱難的。根據(jù)前文“pletely____11____aboutninetypercentofthem,andhittingtherestintothewoodsandtheothercourt.”（百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打進(jìn)了樹林和另一個(gè)場(chǎng)地。）可知，作者一開始打網(wǎng)球很艱難。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我驚訝地看到，我的回?fù)粲辛Φ芈湓诹饲驁?chǎng)的另一邊，幾乎正是我瞄準(zhǔn)的地方。A.inpeace和平地；B.inperson親自；C.insurprise驚奇地；D.inahurry趕快。根據(jù)后文“almostexactlywhereIhadaimed”（我看到我的回?fù)粽寐湓诹宋颐闇?zhǔn)的地方）可知，作者看到自己擊出去的球正好落在自己瞄準(zhǔn)的地方，說明作者這段時(shí)間練球有效果，對(duì)此應(yīng)該感到非常驚喜。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，如果我沒有走出我的舒適區(qū)，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我有多喜歡網(wǎng)球。A.questioned質(zhì)疑；B.wondered想知道；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.remembered記住。根據(jù)后文“howmuchIenjoyedtennis”（我多么喜歡網(wǎng)球）可知，若是沒有走出舒適區(qū)，作者將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己是喜歡網(wǎng)球的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)е环N興奮感開始心甘情愿地嘗試新事物。A.excitement興奮；B.fear害怕；C.duty責(zé)任；D.pride自豪。根據(jù)前文“Ibegantotrynewthingswillingly”（我開始樂意嘗試新鮮事物）可知，作者是帶著對(duì)新事物的興奮感。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinesecharactersareso____36____(amaze)thatevenmanyforeignersarecrazyaboutthem.Forthepastthreedecades,RichardSearshasbeenfocusedononething:tellingmany____37____(story)behindChinesecharacters.HisinterestinChineselanguageandcharactersdatesbackto1972,whenhewasa22yearoldphysicsmajorintheUSA.Hebuiltawebsitein2002andnameditChineseEtymology(詞源)____38____providesvisitorswithopportunitiestocheckthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersinavarietyofformsforfree.Becauseofthiswellreceivedwebsite,he____39____(bee)UncleHanzi,anickname(昵稱)whichwasgivenbyChinesenetizens.InSeptember,Searssetup____40____(he)studioinNanjingaspar