河北省邯鄲市魏縣2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（解析版）

英語本試卷8頁?？偡?50分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?ARestathome.B.Havesomecoffee.C.Domoreshopping.2.Wherearethespeakersmostprobablynow?A.Inacar.B.Onabus.C.Onatrain.3.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Atourguide.B.Awaitress.C.Abusconductor.4.WhatdoesJohnlikedoinginhissparetime?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Doingexercise.C.WatchingTV.5.Howwillthemangotothemovies?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.WhydidAmygotothecontest?A.Tohavesomefun.B.Towinsomemoney.C.Toprovehercookingskills.7.HowdoesAmymostprobablyfeelnow?A.Regretful.B.Upset.C.Happy.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10三個小題。8.Whendidtheoldladybegintoplayvideogames?A.Thirtyyearsago.B.Fortyyearsago.C.Fiftyyearsago.9.Whatdoesthegrandsondofortheoldlady?A.Hetakesvideos.B.Hedownloadsgames.C.Hecollectsreviews.10.WhatdoesthewomanaskMiketodo?A.Dohishomework.B.Makevideoshimself.C.Tellhermoreaboutthelady.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13三個小題。11.Whatdidthewomandothismorning?A.Shevisitedabookstore.B.Shereadabooktoherkid.C.Shesearchedforbooksonline.12.WhatwasPriyaIyer’spurposeofbuildingthewebsite?A.Tosellbooks.B.Tohelpchildrenreadmore.C.Torecommendbookstopeopleofallages.13.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardthewebsite?A.Disappointed.B.Worried.C.Interested.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.WhoareGrigoriLup’sregularcustomers?A.Actors.B.Housewives.C.Businessmen.15.WhydidGrigoriLupmakesuchshoes?A.Tomeethisbusinesspartners’need.B.Tomakepeoplekeepsocialdistance.C.Tobecomeasocialmediainfluencer.16.WhathappenedafterGrigoriLuppostedpicturesonsocialmedia?A.Hewaslaughedatbyothershoemakers.B.Hegotsomeordersaroundtheworld.C.Hewasaskedtostopmakingshoes.17.HowlongdoesittakeGrigoriLuptomakesuchapairofshoes?A.Oneandahalfdays.B.2days.C.3days.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.WhywasFarmers’Almanacstarted?A.Torecordbigeventsinthenaturalworld.B.Tomakelanguagelearnerslearnbetter.C.Tohelpfarmersgrowcropsbetter.19.WhatwasRichardLedererprobablygoodat?A.Sailingatthesea.B.Predictingtheweather.C.Explainingexpressions.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldpublication.B.Theoriginofanidiom.C.Sailors’toughlifeinthepast.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADoyouwanttoboostyourATAR,arankwhichindicatestheoverallachievementsofallYear12studentsinAustralia,andgetapreviewofuniversitylife?WhenyoujointheDeakinAccelerateProgram,you’llgetaheadstartbycompletingtwofirst-yearuniversityunitswhileyou’restillahighschoolstudent.HowDeakinAccelerateProgramworksYou’llstudytwofirst-yearuniversityunitsthroughtheprogram.Ifyouchoosetostudyandexperienceuniversitylifeoncampus,you’llattendclassesandconferencesduringtheday.Orifstudyingonlineismoreaccessibleforyou,completetheprogramonlineinyourfreetimeatschoolorafterhourswhenitsuitsyou.Nomatterhowyouchoosetostudy,you’llbenefitfromouronlinelearningplatform,whichallowsyoutoaccessclasses,workshops,resourcesandmore.Whetheryou’reusingyourdesktop,tabletormobile,you’llhaveaccesstocoursecontentallyearroundandgetanswersinrealtime.AftersuccessfullycompletingyourAccelerateunits,you’llgaincreditswhichyou’canputtowardsarelatedDeakinuniversitycourse.Plus,thereisnochargeforthat.ApplytotheDeakinAccelerateProgramifyou’re:·ahighachieverwithabove-averageYear11results;·lookingforanextrachallengeinhighschool;·aself-starterwhocanworkindependently;·keentomakeaheadstartonyouruniversitydegree.Tobequalifiedfortheprogram,youmust:·becompletingYear12in2024;·meetthehighschoolsubjectrequirement;·attainaminimumaveragegradeof65%acrossyoursubjects.FormoreinformationabouttheDeakinAccelerateProgram,youcanreadourFAQsorgetintouchusingouronlineinquiryform.Submitaninquiry1.WhatbenefitdoparticipantsgainfromtheDeakinAccelerateProgram?A.ReceivingapreviewoftheirATAR. B.Experiencingdifferentlearningstyles.C.Completingtwoyears’universityunits. D.Earningcreditstowardsuniversitycourses.2.Whatisavailableforparticipantsontheonlinelearningplatform?A.Real-timeresponse. B.Guidanceonusingdevices.C.Highschoolcoursecontent. D.Anonlinelearningschedule.3.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.Submittinganinquiryform.B.Graduatingfromuniversityin2024.C.Havingstartedtostudyforauniversitydegree.D.Achievinganaveragescoreofatleast65%inallsubjects.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個名為DeakinAccelerateProgram的項目的情況，包括申請要求和項目工作流程等情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AftersuccessfullycompletingyourAccelerateunits,you’llgaincreditswhichyou’canputtowardsarelatedDeakinuniversitycourse.(在成功完成加速單元后，你將獲得學(xué)分，這些學(xué)分可以用于迪肯大學(xué)的相關(guān)課程)”可知，參與者可以從迪肯加速項目中獲得大學(xué)課程學(xué)分。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whetheryou’reusingyourdesktop,tabletormobile,you’llhaveaccesstocoursecontentallyearroundandgetanswersinrealtime.(無論您是使用臺式機(jī)、平板電腦還是移動設(shè)備，您都可以全年訪問課程內(nèi)容，并實(shí)時獲得答案)”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)平臺的參與者可以獲得實(shí)時答復(fù)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“·attainaminimumaveragegradeof65%acrossyoursubjects.(·各科平均成績至少達(dá)到65%)”可知，對申請人的要求是各科平均成績至少達(dá)到65%。故選D。BNowmydadisoneofthosepeoplewhoneverseemtohavemuchtroublefiguringouthowtomakemoney.Sure,MomandDadhadsometroublekeepingitforalittlewhileduringthebankruptcy(破產(chǎn))years,butbringinghomeagoodincomewasneverreallyaproblem.That’sbecausemyparentshaveneverbeenconfusedaboutwheremoneycomesfrom.It’ssomethingmydadhastoldmeprettymucheveryday:Moneycomesfromwork.Ourculturehasmademanywonderfuladvancestoensurethesafetyandwell-beingofchildren.Butwemayhavetakenthistoofar.Manyparentstodayaresocenteredonwhattheirchildrenwantthattheyhavelostperspectiveonwhattheirchildrenreallyneed.Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.Teachingachildtoworkisnotchildabuse.Weteachthemtoworknotforourbenefit,butbecauseitgivesthembothdignityinajobwelldonetodayandthetoolsandcharactertowininthefutureasadults.Youshouldviewteachingyourchildrentoworkinthesamewayyouviewteachingthemtobatheandbrushtheirteeth—asanecessaryskillforlife.Ifyourchildgraduatesfromhighschoolandhisonlyskillsetconsistsofplayingvideogames,complainingandeatingjunkfood,thenyouhavesethimuptofail.Anotherhugebenefitofteachingachildthewonderofworkisthatshewilltendtostayawayfrompeoplewhorefusetowork.Whyisthisgood?BecauseyouwantyourdaughtertomarryMr.Right,notMr.Lazy.Sotrainupachildinthewayheshouldgo,andwhenheisold,hewillnotgoawayfromit.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sdad?A.Generous. B.Hardworking.C.Considerate. D.Confident.5.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatareparentstodaysupposedtodo?AToinstructchildrentowork. B.Tofocusonchildren’sneeds.C.Toensurechildren’swell-being. D.Tomaintainthedignityofchildren.6.What’sthebenefitchildrencangetfromwork?A.Gettingridofbadhabits. B.Helpingsupportthefamily.C.Learningtousemoneywisely. D.Keepingawayfromlazypeople.7.Whichcolumndoesthetextpossiblycomefrom?A.Careerplanning. B.Parentaleducation.C.Financialmanagement. D.Parent-childrelationship.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。短文主要講述的是作者的父親對于工作的看法，以及作者對于教育孩子工作的重要性的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’ssomethingmydadhastoldmeprettymucheveryday:Moneycomesfromwork.”（這是我父親幾乎每天都告訴我的事情：錢來自工作。）可推知，作者的父親是一個勤奮工作的人，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.”（從長遠(yuǎn)的角度看待生活，這要求你教會孩子工作。）和“ Weteachthemtoworknotforourbenefit,butbecauseitgivesthembothdignityinajobwelldonetodayandthetoolsandcharactertowininthefutureasadults.”（我們教他們工作不是為了我們的利益，而是因?yàn)檫@給了他們今天出色工作的尊嚴(yán)，也給了他們成年后在未來獲勝的工具和品格。）可推知，現(xiàn)在的父母應(yīng)該教孩子工作，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Anotherhugebenefitofteachingachildthewonderofworkisthatshewilltendtostayawayfrompeoplewhorefusetowork.Whyisthisgood?BecauseyouwantyourdaughtertomarryMr.Right,notMr.Lazy.”（教孩子工作的另一個巨大好處是，她會傾向于遠(yuǎn)離拒絕工作的人。為什么這很好？因?yàn)槟阆胱屇愕呐畠杭藿o真命天子，而不是懶漢。）可推知，孩子從工作中可以得到的好處是遠(yuǎn)離懶惰的人，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Manyparentstodayaresocenteredonwhattheirchildrenwantthattheyhavelostperspectiveonwhattheirchildrenreallyneed.Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.”（如今，許多父母都過于關(guān)注孩子想要什么，而忽略了孩子真正需要什么。從長遠(yuǎn)的角度看待生活，這要求你教會孩子工作。）和最后一段“Sotrainupachildinthewayheshouldgo,andwhenheisold,hewillnotgoawayfromit.”（所以要訓(xùn)練一個孩子走他應(yīng)該走的路，當(dāng)他老了，他不會離開這條路。）可知，短文主要講述的是作者的父親對于工作的看法，以及作者對于教育孩子工作的重要性的觀點(diǎn)。所以短文來自于“父母的教育”。故選B。CTotalsolareclipses(日食)havescaredpeoplesincetimeoutofmind.Thefirstrecordofone,preservedonaclaytabletfoundatUgarit,onceatradecitybutdestroyedlaterinSyria,isbelievedfromitsageandlocationtodescribeeitheraneclipsethathappenedin1375BCoronein1223BC.LegendaryexplanationsforeclipsesincludetheSunbeingeatenbydogs,frogsordragons.Therealityisnotromantic.Whyaretotalones,liketheonecomingonApril8,sorare?Solareclipsesareaspecialcaseofphenomenacalledtransitsandoccultations,inwhichanintervening(介于中間的)heavenlybodystopslightfromastarreachinganobserver.Iftheblockingbodyappearssmallerintheskythanthestar,theresultiscalledatransitandlookslikeadarkspotcrossingthestar’ssurface.Iftheblockingobjectappearslargerthanthestar,thestardisappearscompletely—anoccultation.Atotaleclipseisanoccultation.Solareclipsesmaybeeitherofthesethings,sincetheapparentsizesintheskyoftheSunandtheMoon,viewedfromEarth,arealmostidentical.IftheMoonorbitedEarthinthesameplaneasEarthorbitstheSun,eclipseswouldhappeneverymonth,butwouldbetotalonlyinthetropics(熱帶地區(qū)).Inreality,theaverageintervalbetweentotaleclipsesis18months,andtheymaybeseenfromtimetotimeallovertheworld.ThepathoftotalityacrossEarth’ssurfaceisnarrowandtheperiodshort(amaximumofjustoversevenandahalfminutes).Outsidetheseboundaries,theSunwillappearpartiallyeclipsed,lookinglikeapiethatsomethinghastakenabitefrom.TheGreatNorthAmericanEclipse,asithasbeencalled,willbeasighttobeholdonApril8.Butitshouldalsobecherished,becausetotaleclipsesoftheSunwillnothappenforever.Tidalfriction(潮汐摩擦)causestheMoontomoveawayfromEarthat3.8cmayear,makingitappearsmallerandsmallerinthesky.In600millionyearsorsothelast,shorttotalitywilloccur.8.WhatdoestheclaytabletofUgaritrepresent?A.Somefiguresofancientanimals.B.TheSunbeingeatenbysomeanimals.C.Ancientpeoplewhowerehuntingforanimals.D.Theearliesttotalsolareclipserecorded.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bygivingdefinitions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttotalsolareclipsesfromparagraph3?A.Theirdurationisrelativelylonger. B.Theytakeplaceeverymonthactually.C.Theyarevisibleonlyfromanarrowpath. D.TheylooklikeabitetakenoutoftheSun.11.Whatmakestotalsolareclipsessorare?A.Themoving-awayMoon.B.ThestrongertideonEarth.C.ThesmallerattractionoftheMoonforEarth.D.ThechangingdistancebetweentheSunandEarth.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了日全食罕見的原因?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thefirstrecordofone,preservedonaclaytabletfoundatUgarit,onceatradecitybutdestroyedlaterinSyria,isbelievedfromitsageandlocationtodescribeeitheraneclipsethathappenedin1375BCoronein1223BC.(最早的日食記錄保存在Ugarit的一塊泥板上，烏加里特曾是一個貿(mào)易城市，但后來在敘利亞被摧毀。從它的年代和位置來看，人們認(rèn)為它可以描述發(fā)生在公元前1375年或公元前1223年的日食。)”可知，Ugarit的一塊泥板描繪了第一份日全食的事實(shí)，這是有記錄以來最早的日全食。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Solareclipsesareaspecialcaseofphenomenacalledtransitsandoccultations,inwhichanintervening(介于中間的)heavenlybodystopslightfromastarreachinganobserver.Iftheblockingbodyappearssmallerintheskythanthestar,theresultiscalledatransitandlookslikeadarkspotcrossingthestar’ssurface.Iftheblockingobjectappearslargerthanthestar,thestardisappearscompletely—anoccultation.Atotaleclipseisanoccultation.(日食是一種特殊的現(xiàn)象，被稱為凌日和掩星，在這種現(xiàn)象中，一個介入的天體阻擋了來自恒星的光到達(dá)觀測者。如果阻塞體在天空中看起來比恒星小，結(jié)果就被稱為凌日，看起來像一個穿過恒星表面的黑點(diǎn)。如果被遮擋的物體看起來比恒星大，恒星就會完全消失——這就是掩星。日全食就是掩星。)”可知，第二段主要闡釋了transit（凌日）和occultation（掩星）兩種自然現(xiàn)象，對這兩種現(xiàn)象給出了定義。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThepathoftotalityacrossEarth’ssurfaceisnarrowandtheperiodshort(amaximumofjustoversevenandahalfminutes).(全食穿過地球表面的路徑很窄，周期也很短（最長不過7分半鐘）。)”可知，日全食穿過地球表面的路徑很窄，周期也很短（最長不過7分半鐘）。由此可推斷，日全食可見的路徑窄。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Tidalfriction(潮汐摩擦)causestheMoontomoveawayfromEarthat3.8cmayear,makingitappearsmallerandsmallerinthesky.(潮汐摩擦使月球以每年3.8厘米的速度遠(yuǎn)離地球，使它在天空中顯得越來越小。)”可知，潮汐摩擦導(dǎo)致月球逐漸遠(yuǎn)離地球，使其在天空中顯得越來越小。由此可知，我們以后再想見到日全食將會越來越難。故選A。DHandwritingnotesinclassmightseemoutdatedassmartphonesandotherdigitaltechnologycovereveryaspectoflearningacrossschoolsanduniversities.Butasteadystreamofresearchcontinuestosuggestthattakingnotesthetraditionalwayisstillthebestwaytolearn,especiallyforyoungchildren.Andnowscientistsarefinallyzeroinginonwhy.Thenewresearch,byAudreyvanderMeerandRuudvanderWeelattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology(NTNU),buildsonafoundational2014studysuggestingthatpeopletakingnotesbycomputerweretypingwithoutthinking.“Itkindofgoesinthroughyourearsandcomesoutthroughyourfingertips,butyoudon’tprocesstheincominginformation,”shesays.Butwhentakingnotesbyhand,it’softenimpossibletowriteeverythingdown;studentshavetoactivelypayattentiontotheincominginformationandprocessit—prioritizeit,consolidateitandtrytorelateittothingsthey’velearnedbefore.Thisconsciousactionofbuildingontoexistingknowledgecanmakeiteasiertostayengagedandgraspnewconcepts.Tounderstandspecificbrainactivitydifferencesduringthetwonote-takingapproaches,theresearcherssewedelectrodes(電極)intoahairnetwith256sensorsthatrecordedthebrainactivityof36studentsastheywroteortyped15wordsfromthegamePictionarythatweredisplayedonascreen.Whenstudentswrotethewordsbyhand,thesensorsdetectedwidespreadconnectivityacrossmanybrainregions.Typing,however,ledtominimalactivity,ifany,inthesameareas.Handwritingsetoffconnectionpatternscoveringvisualregions,whichreceiveandprocesssensoryinformation,andthemotorcortex(運(yùn)動皮層).Thelatterhandlesbodymovementandsensorimotorintegration,whichhelpsthebrainuseenvironmentalinputstoinformaperson’snextaction.SophiaVinci-Booher,anassistantprofessorofeducationalbrainscienceatVanderbiltUniversity,says,“Peoplemaynotrealizewhentheymaterializesomethingbywritingordrawingit,thisstrengthenstheconceptandhelpsitstickintheirmemory.”12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewresearch?A.Itisaninitialstudyonnote-taking. B.Itoffersanewnote-takingmethod.C.Itfindstheevidenceforpreviousfinding. D.Itintroduceshowtotakenoteseffectively.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consolidate”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Integrate. B.Demonstrate. C.Obtain. D.Share.14.Whathappensinthebrainwhentakingnotesbyhand?A.Visualsystemsarelackinginactivities. B.Somebrainareasarehighlyinvolved.C.Sensoryinformationisprocessedrapidly. D.Themotorcortexacceptsvisualinformation.15.WhatisSophiaVinci-Booher’sattitudetowardsthenewresearch?A.Approving. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)手寫比打字更加有助于記憶和學(xué)習(xí)，解釋了背后的原因是手寫筆記需要積極參與和處理信息?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Andnowscientistsarefinallyzeroinginonwhy.(現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們終于找到了原因)”和第二段“Thenewresearch,byAudreyvanderMeerandRuudvanderWeelattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology(NTNU),buildsonafoundational2014studysuggestingthatpeopletakingnotesbycomputerweretypingwithoutthinking.(挪威科技大學(xué)的奧黛麗·范德米爾和魯?shù)隆し兜马f爾的這項新研究是在2014年的一項基礎(chǔ)研究的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的，該研究表明，用電腦做筆記的人是在不加思考地打字)”可知，新的研究是基于2014年研究的結(jié)果找尋背后的原因。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Butwhentakingnotesbyhand,it’softenimpossibletowriteeverythingdown;studentshavetoactivelypayattentiontotheincominginformationandprocessit(但是當(dāng)用手記筆記時，通常不可能把所有的東西都寫下來;學(xué)生們必須積極地關(guān)注傳入的信息，并對其進(jìn)行處理)”以及后文“itandtrytorelateittothingsthey’velearnedbefore.”可知，用手寫方式記筆記通常不能記下所有的內(nèi)容。學(xué)生需要對知識進(jìn)行消化，然后記下要點(diǎn)。因此consolidate應(yīng)該屬于“處理”信息的過程，即過程是：先把信息優(yōu)先排序，然后整合這些信息，并嘗試將其與之前學(xué)過的知識聯(lián)系起來。故劃線詞意思是“整合”。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whenstudentswrotethewordsbyhand,thesensorsdetectedwidespreadconnectivityacrossmanybrainregions.(當(dāng)學(xué)生手寫單詞時，傳感器檢測到大腦許多區(qū)域的廣泛連接)”可知，當(dāng)用手寫方式記筆記時，大腦多個區(qū)域相連接并產(chǎn)生活動。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SophiaVinci-Booher,anassistantprofessorofeducationalbrainscienceatVanderbiltUniversity,says,“Peoplemaynotrealizewhentheymaterializesomethingbywritingordrawingit,thisstrengthenstheconceptandhelpsitstickintheirmemory.”(范德比爾特大學(xué)教育腦科學(xué)助理教授索菲亞·文西-布爾說：“人們可能沒有意識到，當(dāng)他們通過書寫或繪畫將某件事具體化時，這加強(qiáng)了概念，并有助于它留在他們的記憶中?！?”可知，她認(rèn)為此項研究證實(shí)了用手寫方式記筆記可以強(qiáng)化所接收的觀點(diǎn)，同時增強(qiáng)大腦對知識的記憶，即對新研究是支持態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Severalyearsago,Iexperienceddailysevereheadachesthatmademewanttobangmyheadagainstabrickwall.Iwasdesperatetofindacure.___16___Inmyhopelessness,myfathersuggestedacupuncture(針灸),atreatmenthehadexperiencedinHongKong.Ithadsuccessfullyrelievedhislowerbackpainwhenothertreatmentsandmedicineshadfailed.WithlimitedexposuretotraditionalChinesemedicine,Idecidedtogiveacupunctureatry.Withnoparticularexpectations,Ifoundmyselfintheofficeofamiddle-agedwoman,surroundedbyChineseherbalmedicines.Afterexplainingmyissue,sheplaced3fingersonmywristtofeelmyheartbeat.___17___Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhatuneasyassuchobjectstypicallymakemeuncomfortable.___18___Todealwithmyheadaches,thetreatmentbeganonthebackofmyhand,farfrommyhead.Asthedoctorgentlyhandledtheneedles,Igotthefeelingthatsomethingwasflowingthroughoutmyentirebody.Thedoctorthencontinuedtotapandmovemoreneedlesacrossmybody.Theelectricitywasturnedon,andthedoctorlefttheroom.___19___Aroundthe5-minutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.Amomentlater,beforeIknewit,sheturnedofftheelectricityandremovedtheneedles,markinganendtothe20-minuteprocess.Shethengavemesomeherbalmedicinetotakefor5days.Ireturnedtothedoctorforatotalof10sessions,andeachtimethesameroutinewasrepeatedandthesameherbalmedicinewasgiven.Thetruebenefitsoftheacupuncturetreatmentbecameclear:Iremainedfreeofheadachesfor2years.___20___Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyrecommendtryingit.A.Atlast,myeffortspaidoff.B.Inowstronglyadvocateacupuncture.C.Iwasthenguidedtoaroomandtoldtoliedown.D.Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.E.Myinitialexperiencewithacupuncturewasquitesurprising.F.Thoughitmayseemscary,theacupuncturecuredmybackpain.G.Lyingstill,Icouldsensetheelectricityflowingthroughoutmybody.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者因長期遭受嚴(yán)重頭痛困擾而嘗試針灸治療的經(jīng)歷。文中詳細(xì)描述了從接受針灸建議、初次診療過程、治療中的感受，到最終癥狀緩解并推薦他人嘗試的過程?！?6題詳解】由上文“Severalyearsago,Iexperienceddailysevereheadachesthatmademewanttobangmyheadagainstabrickwall.Iwasdesperatetofindacure.(幾年前，我每天都會經(jīng)歷劇烈的頭痛，讓我想把頭往磚墻上撞。我非常渴望找到治療方法。)”可知，這里在描述作者頭痛的困境以及尋找治療方法的急迫性。D選項“Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.(盡管嘗試了不同的解決辦法，但都沒有奏效。)”能夠承接上文，表明作者在嘗試多種方法無果后的絕望狀態(tài)。故選D。【17題詳解】由上文“Afterexplainingmyissue,sheplaced3fingersonmywristtofeelmyheartbeat.(在解釋了我的問題后，她用三個手指按在我的手腕上感受我的脈搏。)”可知，接下來的邏輯應(yīng)是敘述初次體驗(yàn)針灸的過程。根據(jù)下文“Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhatuneasyassuchobjectstypicallymakemeuncomfortable.(很快，她取出了針，這讓我有些不安，因?yàn)檫@樣的東西通常會讓我不舒服。)”可知，本空描寫醫(yī)生感受脈搏后和取針之間的事情，C選項“Iwasthenguidedtoaroomandtoldtoliedown.(然后我被引導(dǎo)到一個房間并被告知躺下。)”能夠很好地承上啟下，是對前文情境的延續(xù)。故選C?！?8題詳解】由下文“Todealwithmyheadaches,thetreatmentbeganonthebackofmyhand,farfrommyhead.(為了治療頭痛，我從遠(yuǎn)離頭部的手背開始治療。)”可知，為了治療頭痛，我從遠(yuǎn)離頭部的手背開始治療，這讓人很吃驚，E選項“Myinitialexperiencewithacupuncturewasquitesurprising.(我最初的針灸經(jīng)驗(yàn)非常令人驚訝。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳解】由上文“Theelectricitywasturnedon,andthedoctorlefttheroom.(電打開了，醫(yī)生離開了房間。)”和下文“Aroundthe5-minutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.(大約5分鐘的時候，醫(yī)生回來調(diào)整了電的水平。)”可知，此處應(yīng)描述作者在接受電針治療時的感受。G選項“Lyingstill,Icouldsensetheelectricityflowingthroughoutmybody.(靜靜地躺著，我能感覺到電流流遍全身。)”能承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。【20題詳解】由上文“Ireturnedtothedoctorforatotalof10sessions,andeachtimethesameroutinewasrepeatedandthesameherbalmedicinewasgiven.Thetruebenefitsoftheacupuncturetreatmentbecameclear:Iremainedfreeofheadachesfor2years.(我一共看了10次醫(yī)生，每次都重復(fù)同樣的程序，給的是同樣的草藥。針灸治療的真正好處變得很明顯：我兩年沒有頭痛了。)”和下文“Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyrecommendtryingit.(如果你經(jīng)歷過類似的情況，我強(qiáng)烈建議你嘗試一下。)”可知，治療的效果顯著，作者兩年來沒有頭痛，并推薦有類似情況的人嘗試針灸。B選項“Inowstronglyadvocateacupuncture.(我現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)烈倡導(dǎo)針灸。)”作為總結(jié)性語句，強(qiáng)調(diào)了針灸治療的成功及其對作者的影響，適合放在最后作為對全文經(jīng)歷的總結(jié)，并引出對讀者的建議，能承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。FrankHerbert’s1965novelDuneiswidelyconsideredoneofthebestsci-fibookseverwritten.Itisalsooneofthefirsttotakeenvironmentalconcerns____21____.“It’sreallycallingattentiontothe____22____tothinkecologically,”saysGerryCanavan,co-editorofthehistoryofsciencefiction.“Priortothatmoment,peoplejustweren’tthinkinginthatway.”Herbert____23____tofindapublisherforDune,facing23rejectionsbeforeitwasfinally____24____byChiltonBookCompany.Asthebookgained____25____-winningtwomostprestigious(有聲望的)prizesinsciencefictionandeventuallysellingaround20millioncopies____26____-itbegantoaffectpopculture.Dune____27____theenvironmentalmovement,whichHerbertlargelyembraced.“I’m____28____tobeputinthepositionoftellingmygrandchildren‘Sorry,nomoreworldforyou.Wehave____29____alltheresources,’”HerbertsaidatthefirstEarthDayin1970.Herbertwasoneoftheearliestto_____30_____renewableenergy,installing(安裝)hisownsolarcollectorandwindmill.Hebelievedthatunderstandingthe_____31_____ofhumanactionscouldreduceenvironmentaldamage.The_____32_____forDunecamefromHerbert’svisittoOregon’ssanddunesin1957,wherehe_____33_____effortstostabilizethelandscapefromlocalpeople.Hisnovelservesasacautionarytaleabouthumanity’srelationshipwiththeenvironmentandthedisastrouseffectsof_____34_____resourceexploitation(開發(fā)).Dunechallengesreaderstoconsidertheimpactoftheiractionsontheplanetandservesasa_____35_____oftheimportanceofsustainableliving.21.A.personally B.literally C.seriously D.equally22.A.necessity B.attempt C.agreement D.freedom23.A.happened B.struggled C.chosen D.hesitated24.A.dismissed B.accepted C.recommended D.purchased25.A.permission B.control C.trust D.popularity26A.intime B.inturn C.inadvance D.intotal27.A.challenged B.pushed C.skipped D.simplified28.A.unwilling B.unfortunate C.unsuitable D.unlikely29.A.pickedup B.givenup C.usedup D.piledup30.A.advocate B.assign C.investigate D.deliver31.A.similarity B.consequences C.flexibility D.strengths32.A.support B.proposal C.inspiration D.desire33.A.witnessed B.spared C.confirmed D.graded34.A.limited B.balanced C.unchecked D.unchanged35.A.review B.symbol C.victim D.reminder【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.D26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇新聞報道，介紹了FrankHerbert發(fā)表小說《沙丘》的經(jīng)歷及這部小說對于生態(tài)保護(hù)的意義。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它也是首批認(rèn)真對待環(huán)境問題小說之一。A.personally就個人而言；B.literally按字面意思地；C.seriously嚴(yán)肅地；D.equally平等地。根據(jù)下文“It’sreallycallingattentiontothe____2____tothinkecologically”可知，F(xiàn)rankHerbert在他的小說《沙丘》中提到了認(rèn)真嚴(yán)肅對待環(huán)境的問題。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這確實(shí)喚起了人們對生態(tài)化思考必要性的注意，”科幻史的聯(lián)合主編格里·卡納萬(GerryCanavan)說。A.necessity必要性；B.attempt嘗試；C.agreement同意；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)下文“Priortothatmoment,peoplejustweren’tthinkinginthatway.”可知，之前，人們并沒有生態(tài)保護(hù)意識，所以，F(xiàn)rankHerbert想要在小說中喚起人們對于生態(tài)化思考必要性的注意。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：赫伯特努力為《沙丘》尋找出版商，在最終被奇爾頓圖書公司接受之前，他面臨了23次拒絕。A.happened發(fā)生；B.struggled奮斗，努力；C.chosen選擇；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)“facing23rejectionsbeforeitwasfinally”可知，F(xiàn)rankHerbert努力為《沙丘》尋找出版商。故選B項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.dismissed不予考慮；B.accepted接受；C.recommended推薦；D.purchased購買。根據(jù)“facing23rejectionsbeforeitwasfinally____4____byChiltonBookCompany.”可知，在最終被Chilton圖書公司接受之前，他的小說被拒絕了很多次。故選B項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著這本書的流行，它開始影響流行文化，它贏得了兩項最負(fù)盛名的科幻獎，并最終售出了大約2000萬冊。A.permission允許；B.control控制；C.trust信任；D.popularity流行，普及。根據(jù)“winningtwomostprestigious(有聲望的)prizesinsciencefictionandeventuallysellingaround20millioncopies”可知，小說之后開始流行。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.intime及時；B.inturn依次；C.inadvance提前；D.intotal總共。根據(jù)“sellingaround20millioncopies”可知，此處表示售賣總計2000萬冊。故選D項。27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：《沙丘》推動了環(huán)境運(yùn)動，赫伯特也大力接受了這一運(yùn)動。A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.pushed推動；C.skipped跳過；D.simplified使簡化。根據(jù)第一段“FrankHerbert’s1965novelDuneiswidelyconsideredoneofthebestsci-fibookseverwritten.Itisalsooneofthefirsttotakeenvironmentalconcerns____1____.”可知，這是一本關(guān)于環(huán)境生態(tài)保護(hù)的科幻小說，所以，它推動了環(huán)境運(yùn)動。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我不愿意告訴我的孫輩‘對不起，沒有你的世界了。我們已經(jīng)用盡了所有的資源，’”赫伯特在1970年第一個地球日時說。A.unwilling不情愿的；B.unfortunate不幸運(yùn)的；C.