湖南省邵陽(yáng)市拔尖創(chuàng)新人才早期培養(yǎng)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

秘密★啟用前2024年邵陽(yáng)市拔尖創(chuàng)新人才早期培養(yǎng)高一第一次聯(lián)考試題卷英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，67個(gè)小題。滿分150分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡上“貼條形碼區(qū)”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案寫在試題卷上無(wú)效。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4.保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡，試題卷自行保存。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Gotoagame.C.Attendafashionshow.2.Whatisthemanmostlikelytodothesedays?A.Learnphotography.B.Playsports.C.Drawpictures.3.HowdoesLucasfeel?A.Surprised.B.Annoyed.C.Excited.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Atasupermarket.5.WhyisDannymovingtoSeattle?A.Hewillbeworkingthere.B.Heenjoystheweatherthere.C.Hewantstogetawayfromhome.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisBoris’sproblem?A.Heistoobusytostudy.B.Hecan’tspeakChinese.C.Heisrefusedbyacollege.7.WhatdoesthewomansuggestBorisdo?A.Takeacourse.B.Setuphisownfirm.C.Tourthelocalcollege.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhydoesMarygiveRonacall?A.Toarrangearepairtimeforhim.B.Toinformhimofthepriceincrease.C.Totellhimabouttherepairsituation.9.WhatdoesJessemostprobablydo?A.Adeliveryman.B.Arepairman.C.Apostalclerk.10.HowmuchwillRonpayintotal?A.$170.B.$180.C.$210.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thearrivalofnewstaff.B.Theplanforthemeetings.C.Therelocationofsomeemployees.12.Whoisinoffice303now?A.Eric.B.Steve.C.Susan.13.Whyisthemanpleased?A.Hisnewofficewillbelarger.B.HisrequestwasapprovedbyJulia.C.Hismeetingswithcustomerswentwell.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InMarch.B.InApril.C.InMay.15.WhatdoesAmysuggestJasondo?A.TakeatriptoBangkok.B.Packasmanyclothesaspossible.C.Arrangeactivitiesbasedontemperature.16.WhatdidAmyforgettotakeduringherlasttriptoThailand?A.Hernotebook.B.Somemedicine.C.Somesunscreen.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhichcompanydidWallyAmosworkforatfirst?AFamousAmosCookie.B.UncleNonameCookie.C.WilliamMorrisAgency.18.WhendidtheFamousAmosCookiereach$12millioninsales?A.In1975.B.In1982.C.In1985.19.WhydidtheFamousAmosCookiestarttolosemoney?A.Fortheunsuccessfulcookies.B.Forthestrongcompetition.C.Forthepoormanagement.20.WhathappenedtoWallyAmosin1988?A.Hesoldhisfirstcompany.B.HejoinedtheShanbyGroup.C.Hechangedhiscompany’sname.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHereisagreatwayforyoutoexplorethebeautifulcountrysideandcolorfulChineseminoritycultureofsoutheastGuizhouduringthreedays.Withthis3-dayGuizhoutour,youcanappreciatetheamazingwoodenarchitectureoftheDongethnicminority,discoveramysteriousbranchoftheMiaoethnicminority,hikeamongtheterracedfields,dressupinthetraditionaldressoftheDongpeople,andtrytheirspecialtastyfood.Hereisasuggestedplanofajourney.DAY1ArriveinZhaoxingDongVillageMeetyourpersonalguideatCongjiangtrainstation.DrivetoZhaoxingDongVillage(about10minutes).ExplorebeautifulZhaoxingVillageintheafternoon.Yourguidewillwalkaroundwithyou,explainingthestyleoftheDongwoodenbuildings,localcustoms,andtheDongpeople’slifestyle.AndtheDongpeople’sdancingandsingingeveningshowisveryenjoyable.DAY2ZhaoxingRiceTerracedFieldsHikeandVillagesDrivetoHuanggangDongVillageinthemorning.Ontheway,youwillstoptohikearoundtheterracedfields.Enjoygreatviewsofthericeterracesandthevillagesonthemountainslopes(山坡).ExplorepeacefulHuanggangVillageandZhanliVillage,whereyouwillseemoreoftheauthenticcultureoftheDong.VisitBiashaMiaovillageintheafternoon.Enjoytheirtraditionaldancingandtheirceremonywithguns.DAY3ZhaoxingDeparture(離開)Visitabatik(蠟染)workshopinthemorning.LearnandexperiencemakingbatikintheDongstyle.Makeauniquesouvenironyourown(withguidance).TransfertoCongjiangTrainStationforyourdeparture1.Whatcanyoudoduringthethree-daytour?A.TasteDongpeople’straditionaldrinks.B.TryonDongpeople’straditionalclothes.C.Plantcropsamongtheterracedfields.D.LiveDongpeople’straditionallivesinthevillage.2.WhichactivitycanbeenjoyedonbothDay1andDay2?A.WatchingDongpeople’seveningshows.B.Hikingaroundtheterracedfields.C.VisitingDongpeople’svillages.D.MakingyourownbatikintheDongstyle.3.Wheremayyoureadthispassage?A.Inatraveljournal. B.Inageographytextbook.C.Inagovernmentreport. D.Inatourhandout.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一個(gè)為期三天的貴州旅行建議。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Withthis3-dayGuizhoutour,youcanappreciatetheamazingwoodenarchitectureoftheDongethnicminority,discoveramysteriousbranchoftheMiaoethnicminority,hikeamongtheterracedfields,dressupinthetraditionaldressoftheDongpeople,andtrytheirspecialtastyfood.(在為期3天的貴州之旅中，您可以欣賞侗族令人驚嘆的木制建筑，發(fā)現(xiàn)苗族的神秘分支，在梯田中徒步旅行，穿上侗族的傳統(tǒng)服裝，品嘗他們的特色美食)”可知，在為期三天的旅行中，你可以試穿侗族傳統(tǒng)服飾。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DAY1ArriveinZhaoxingDongVillage部分的“DrivetoZhaoxingDongVillage(about10minutes).(乘車至肇星侗寨(約10分鐘))”和DAY2ZhaoxingRiceTerracedFieldsHikeandVillages部分的“DrivetoHuanggangDongVillageinthemorning.(上午乘車前往黃岡侗寨)”可知，在第一天和第二天都可以享受到的活動(dòng)是參觀侗族村寨。故選C。3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereisasuggestedplanofajourney.(這是一個(gè)旅行建議計(jì)劃)”可推知，文章可能出自一個(gè)旅游傳單。故選D。BKevinBeardismyclassinstructor.Mostweeks,I’dgreetKevinashesetupgloves,mats,andotherequipment.SoIwasshockedwhenIarrivedonedaytofindhimstandinginfrontoftheroomtellingastory,withtearsstreamingdownhischeeks.Iwasworriedsomethinghadgoneterriblywronginhislife,butasIlistenedtohimtalk,Iheardhimusewordslike“amazing”and“accomplishment.”Irealizedhistearsweren’toutofsorrow,buthappiness.Justafewdaysearlier,he’dreceivedhisGED(GeneralEquivalencyDiploma),attheageof52.Havingdyslexia(閱讀障礙),Kevinleftschoolatayoungageandthenmanagedtosupporthimselfbytakingoddjobs.Inhismid-30s,Kevinfinallylandedanopportunityforajobwithsomepromise:workingforasheriff’sdepartment(治安部門).Amazingly,whenhecamecleanwiththemabouthiseducation,theysaidthey’dhirehimaslongashegothisGED.Heagreed,optimisticaboutthisnewcareerpotential,andkindofexcitedaboutgivingschoolanotherchance.Kevinstudiedwithatutor(家庭教師),andhediditformorethanadecade,learningandpracticingandcorrectinghismistakes,everyfreemomenthehad,oftenlateintothenight.Itwasahugechallenge,somethingKevincomparesto“climbingamountain.”Infact,asKevintooktestsalongtheway,hedidsomethinginterestingwitheachofhisresults.Hepostedthemonhisbedroomwallsothathecouldwatchhisprogress.“Ineededtoseemyselfmovingforward,andIwantedtospeak,”hesaid.Finally,hemadeit.“Ican’treallydescribewhatit’sliketofinallyachievethis,”hesaid.“Icanhardlyevenputitintowords.Peoplearegivingmegraduationgifts!It’sadreamcometrue.”Thismightsoundlikeaperfectending.ButforKevin,it’sanewbeginning.He’sonaroll,andhisnextstepiscollege.“NowthatI’veaccomplishedmyGED,I’mhungryforeducation,”hesaid.4.WhydidKevincryintheclassroom?A.Hewasworriedabouthisfuture.B.Hehadreachedoneofhisgoals.C.Hewasmovedbyatouchingstory.D.Hehadexperiencedsomethingterrible.5.Whatwastheresponseofthesheriff’sdepartmentwhentheylearnedofKevin’seducation?A.Theyrecommendedapart-timejobtohim.B.Theyassessedhissuitabilityforthejob.C.Theyrefusedhimdirectly.D.Theygavehimhope.6.HowdidKevinencouragehimselftokeepgoingtogethisGED?A.Bytakingtimetodothingsthatinteresthim.B.Byreportinghistestresultstohistutor.C.Bywritinghimselfencouragingwords.D.Byremindinghimselfofhisprogress.7.WhatcanwelearnfromKevin’sstory?A.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway. B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Graspall,loseall.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了從小患有閱讀障礙的凱文堅(jiān)持不懈，克服重重困難，終于在52歲時(shí)獲得普通同等學(xué)歷文憑GED的勵(lì)志故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Irealizedhistearsweren’toutofsorrow,buthappiness.Justafewdaysearlier,he’dreceivedhisGED(GeneralEquivalencyDiploma),attheageof52.”（我意識(shí)到他的眼淚不是因?yàn)楸瘋?，而是因?yàn)樾腋?。就在幾天前，?2歲時(shí)獲得了普通同等學(xué)歷文憑GED）可知，凱文在教室里哭泣是因?yàn)樗麑?shí)現(xiàn)了自己的一個(gè)目標(biāo)，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inhismid-30s,Kevinfinallylandedanopportunityforajobwithsomepromise:workingforasheriff’sdepartment.Amazingly,whenhecamecleanwiththemabouthiseducation,theysaidthey’dhirehimaslongashegothisGED.”（30多歲的凱文終于找到了一份有前途的工作：在治安部門工作。令人驚訝的是，當(dāng)他向他們坦白自己的教育時(shí)，他們說(shuō)只要他拿到GED，他們就會(huì)雇用他）可知，當(dāng)治安部門了解凱文的教育情況后，他們給了凱文希望——只要他拿到GED，他們就會(huì)雇用他，故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Infact,asKevintooktestsalongtheway,hedidsomethinginterestingwitheachofhisresults.”（事實(shí)上，在凱文進(jìn)行測(cè)試的過(guò)程中，他對(duì)每個(gè)結(jié)果都做了一些有趣的事情。他把它們貼在臥室的墻上，以便看到自己的進(jìn)步）可知，凱文是通過(guò)提醒自己已經(jīng)取得的進(jìn)步來(lái)鼓勵(lì)自己堅(jiān)持下去，最終獲得GED的，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了從小患有閱讀障礙的凱文堅(jiān)持不懈，克服重重困難，終于在52歲時(shí)獲得普通同等學(xué)歷文憑GED的勵(lì)志故事，從他的經(jīng)歷中我們可以學(xué)到“有志者事竟成”，故選A。COfficialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer’sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.“It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.”TheEiffelToweropenedin1889andduringthelaterrepairwork,someoftheoriginalironwascutoffandpreservedovertime.Now,someofthosepreservedmetalfragmentshavefoundnewhomes.EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六邊形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?”WhentheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyagreedtovolunteerpiecesoforiginaliron,“thedreambecamereality,”addsRoncin.Themedals,designedbytheluxuryParisjewelryhouseChaumet,makepeoplethinkoftheEiffelTowerinseveralotherways.Thepiecesofironaresecuredbywhatlookslikespecialnailsthatholdthestructuretogether,andthemedals’ribbonsaredecoratedwithpatternsofthetower’slatticeworkstructure.Theironfragmentsaresetinrecycledsilver,goldandbronzedisks.Over5,000medalsarebeingmade.8.WhatdoesThierrymeanbysaying“bringbackapieceofParis”?A.Partoftheathletes’medalisfromthesymbolofParis. B.TheathleteswilltakemanyphotosofParis.C.TheathleteswillbuysouvenirsaboutParis. D.TheEiffelTowerwillbeleftintheathletes’memory.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.TheprocessingtechniqueoftheEiffelTowerironpieces.B.TheshapeandmaterialoftheOlympicmedal.C.ThedesignoftheEiffelTowerironfragmentonthemedal.D.Thesymbolicmeaningofthehexagons.10.Howdidthedesignersgettheideaofaddingthewasteiron?A.TheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyputforwardtheidea.B.TheOlympiccommitteeapprovedofthisdesign.C.Somevolunteersconsideredittobeagoodidea.D.Theygottheinspirationwhilehavingdiscussion.11.WhatcanweinferaboutthenewOlympicmedals?A.TheytaketheshapeoftheEiffelTower. B.TheyareinnovativeandtypicalofFrenchfeature.C.Theyrepresentacombinationofdifferentcultures. D.Theyillustratetheideaofsustainabledevelopment.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)獎(jiǎng)牌的新穎設(shè)計(jì)、創(chuàng)意的來(lái)源以及其他的背景知識(shí)等?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段““It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.””（巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)蒂埃里?雷布爾(ThierryReboul)上周告訴記者：“對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)把巴黎的一部分帶回來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)?！薄鞍７茽栬F塔是巴黎和法國(guó)的絕對(duì)象征?！保┛芍?，獎(jiǎng)牌上有埃菲爾鐵塔上面的碎鐵，而埃菲爾鐵塔是巴黎的標(biāo)志性建筑，由此可知，蒂埃里說(shuō)“帶回一片巴黎”指的是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的獎(jiǎng)牌上有一部分來(lái)自巴黎的象征。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六邊形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.”（每一枚新的奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌上都有一塊埃菲爾鐵塔的鐵——盡管標(biāo)志性的“埃菲爾鐵塔棕色”油漆已經(jīng)被去掉了。這些碎片被塑造成六邊形，這是“法國(guó)的形狀”。此外，還有“巴黎2024”字樣、奧運(yùn)五環(huán)和奧運(yùn)會(huì)徽，會(huì)徽看起來(lái)像一束火焰，或者是一個(gè)短發(fā)女人的臉。）可知，本段介紹了新的巴黎奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌上的埃菲爾鐵塔碎片設(shè)計(jì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?””（他們是怎么想到這個(gè)主意的？巴黎奧組委設(shè)計(jì)負(fù)責(zé)人約阿希姆·朗辛告訴媒體：“我們多次討論設(shè)計(jì)方案，并意識(shí)到有一個(gè)世界聞名的標(biāo)志，那就是埃菲爾鐵塔。我們對(duì)自己說(shuō)，“嘿，如果我們聯(lián)系埃菲爾鐵塔運(yùn)營(yíng)公司，看看是否有可能把埃菲爾鐵塔的一部分融入到獎(jiǎng)牌中呢？”）可推知，設(shè)計(jì)者們是在討論在中得到將埃菲爾鐵塔的一部分融入到獎(jiǎng)牌中這個(gè)想法的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容以及第一段“Officialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer'sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.”（官方公布了將在今年夏季巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上頒發(fā)的金、銀、銅牌，每一枚獎(jiǎng)牌都有一個(gè)獨(dú)特的紀(jì)念品：埃菲爾鐵塔上的廢鐵碎片。）可知，法國(guó)把埃菲爾鐵塔的碎片經(jīng)過(guò)加工設(shè)計(jì)鑲嵌到了奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌中，這是其他國(guó)家沒(méi)有的，因此推斷新的奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌是獨(dú)特、新穎的。故選B項(xiàng)。DThebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere’sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.LeadresearcherDr.HelenaHorder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevel,120wattsorhigher.Atotalof92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory;and59womenwereinthelowfitnesscategory,definedasapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirexercisetestsstoppedbecauseofhighbloodpressure,chestpainorothercardiovascularproblems.Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness.“However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.”Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.12.Whatisontheever-growinglistmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Exercisessuitableforthemiddle-aged. B.Experimentalstudiesondiseases.C.Positiveeffectsofdoingexercises. D.Advantagesofsportywomanoverman.13.Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomentodobicycleexercise?A.Toassesstheircardiovascularcapacity. B.Topredicttheirmaximumheartrate.C.Tochangetheirhabitsofworkingout. D.Todetecttheirpotentialhealthproblems.14.WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder’sstudy?A.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess. B.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.C.Someparticipantsdropoutofit. D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementiaB.Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExerciseC.BikingImprovesWomen’sCardiovascularFitnessD.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementia【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要通過(guò)一項(xiàng)研究說(shuō)明身體健康的中年女性在老年時(shí)患失智癥的幾率會(huì)大大降低?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.(新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實(shí)如此，與不太喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時(shí)間要晚十年。)”可知，第一段提到了健身鍛煉的好處。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)樵谥心陼r(shí)改善人們的心血管健康可能會(huì)延緩甚至防止他們患上癡呆癥。)”以及第三段“Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，191名平均年齡為50歲的女性進(jìn)行了自行車運(yùn)動(dòng)測(cè)試，直到她們精疲力竭，以測(cè)量她們的心血管峰值能力。)”可知，做這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是為了測(cè)試女性的心血管峰值能力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.(這些女性在隨后的四十年里測(cè)試了六次癡呆癥狀況。)”可知，此次實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)收集是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.(新的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患癡呆癥的可能性要低近90%，而且確實(shí)如此，與不太喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性相比，她們患癡呆癥的時(shí)間要晚十年。)”以及文章后面幾段通過(guò)列舉實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?、過(guò)程、方式、結(jié)果等，說(shuō)明了身體健康的中年女性在老年時(shí)患癡呆癥的幾率會(huì)大大降低。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.____16____.Instead,itreliesontheuseofnaturalmeansoftakingpartinactivitiesthatimprovestrengthandendurancewithaslittlerelianceonequipmentaspossible.____17____.Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.Aslightlydifferentapproachtogreenexerciseputsmorestressonthefreshair,sunshineandinvolvementwiththenaturalworld,ratherthantheequipmentorclothingusedduringtheexercise.____18____.Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.Manyconsidergreenexercisehelpstoreconnecthumanbeingswiththenaturalworld.Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeople'sbloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.____19____.Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.____20____.Meanwhile,theuseoffitnessdevicesmayresultinmorechallengingworkoutswhichhelpstrengthentheheartandlungsinwaysthatmoresimplisticexerciseinanaturalsettingwouldbedifficulttomanage.A.AgreengymusesaslittleequipmentaspossibleB.SpiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffectedC.OpinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdifferD.GreenexerciseincludesarangeofactivitiesexposedtonatureE.SoridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexerciseF.Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagymG.Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式——綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)，不同于在使用健身房的健身設(shè)施，更強(qiáng)調(diào)與大自然的接觸，表明其利弊?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.（綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，用于描述在自然環(huán)境中進(jìn)行的任何類型的體育鍛煉，而不是在健身俱樂(lè)部或健身房中。）”開頭介紹綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)不同于在健身房的鍛煉，空格處承上啟下，以及后文的“Instead,”表明空格處的意義與后文相反。因此，空格處應(yīng)繼續(xù)說(shuō)明綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)與健身房運(yùn)動(dòng)的不同之處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagym(它通常不使用健身房里常見的健身器材)”符合文意，提到了“gym”，與上下文一致。故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.（例如，一些人認(rèn)為，真正自然的運(yùn)動(dòng)體驗(yàn)要求人只穿天然纖維制成的衣服。其他人則認(rèn)為赤腳跑步或在大型競(jìng)技場(chǎng)上行走，比穿著鞋子跑步或行走更可取。）”從兩個(gè)方面舉例說(shuō)明了兩種不同的綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)方式。因此空格處總結(jié)性說(shuō)明不同的人，對(duì)于什么是真正的綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)觀點(diǎn)不同。C項(xiàng)“Opinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdiffer(人們對(duì)什么是真正的綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)意見不一)”符合文意。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.（同樣，使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備和防護(hù)服爬山也將被視為綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)。）”表明什么樣的鍛煉會(huì)被視為綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)，由“Similarly,”可知，空格處也是在介紹綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)的類型，而E項(xiàng)中“canbecalledatypeofgreenexercise”與后文中的“alsobeconsideredagreenexercise”結(jié)構(gòu)一致，都是在介紹綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)的類型，E項(xiàng)“Soridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexercise(因此，在森林里騎自行車可以被稱為一種綠色運(yùn)動(dòng))”符合文意。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeoples’bloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.（與大自然的互動(dòng)有助于降低人們的血壓，更新他們的思維，并真正地提高他們的自尊。）”介紹了綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于身體、頭腦和心理健康的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而B項(xiàng)“Spiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffected(人們認(rèn)為，精神也會(huì)受到積極影響)”承接上文，接著說(shuō)明了綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)在精神上的積極影響。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.（并非所有人都認(rèn)為綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)比在健身俱樂(lè)部或健身房鍛煉更有益。）”可知，該段在介紹另一種觀點(diǎn)，指出使用健身器材鍛煉也有好處，以及“Meanwhile,…”后文說(shuō)明使用健身器材有利于增強(qiáng)心肺功能。因此，空格處也是在講述健身俱樂(lè)部或者健身房的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，G項(xiàng)“Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight(一些人指出，許多健身俱樂(lè)部都是為了充分利用自然光而建的)”符合文意，其中的“manyhealthclubs”與上文的“inahealthcluborgym”上下一致。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格綜合癥),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool.Iknewshewould____21____meinsomeway,soIprotested.However,myparentsinsistedthatshe____22____andIwouldhavetobepartoftheaudience.Isilentlyhopedthatsomethingwouldhappento____23____mefromwatchingherlosingface.AsIwaitedinthehall,sweat____24____myforehead.Icomfortedmyselfthatnooneknewshewasmysisterandtriedtopersuademyselfthatitwouldbe____25____.Thelightsdarkenedandthe____26____openedtoreveal(使露面)mysisterstandingaloneonstage.Sheseemed____27____,takingaminutetostammer(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō))hernameandclass.____28____begantobeheardintheaudience.Ishiftednervouslyinmyseat,afraidwhatwasabouttohappen.Butasmysisterstartedtosing,Iwas____29____.Hervoiceflowedeffortlesslyandmelodiously,fillingthehallwithits____30____.Iwatchedinwonder,realizingIhadneverknownshecouldsingso____31____.Ilistenedcarefullytothelyric(歌詞)shehadwrittenherself,feelingashamedfordoubtingher____32____.MyheartgavewayasIheardtheheartfeltwords.Inthatmoment,guiltandshamefloodedmyheart.____33____myunwillingnesstosupporther,shehadnevertakenanythingthatIhaddonetohertoheart.ItwasthenthatIdeterminedtoloveher____34____.Itwasasifaveil(面紗)hadbeen____35____frommyeyes,andmyheartwasfull.21.A.embarrass B.impress C.surprise D.support22.A.hide B.quit C.escape D.perform23.A.protect B.save C.recover D.rescue24.A.pickedup B.climbedupon C.tookoff D.wentup25.A.impressive B.exciting C.fine D.challenging26.A.characters B.lectures C.curtains D.signals27.A.confident B.nervous C.prepared D.relaxed28.A.Cries B.Crashes C.Whispers D.Screams29.A.entertained B.disappointed C.relieved D.shocked30.A.power B.weakness C.silence D.darkness31.A.softly B.loudly C.quietly D.beautifully32.A.abilities B.failures C.talents D.weaknesses33.A.Without B.Despite C.Beyond D.Within34.A.extremely B.equally C.unconditionally D.finally35.A.lifted B.dropped C.covered D.hidden【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.B25.C26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了患有阿斯伯格綜合癥、不善社交的妹妹在全校師生面前唱歌，這件事情最后引起了作者的反思?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道她會(huì)以某種方式使我難堪，所以我提出了抗議。A.embarrass使窘迫，使難堪；B.impress給……留下深刻印象；C.surprise(使)吃驚；D.support支持。根據(jù)前文的“Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格綜合癥),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool”可知，妹妹患有阿斯伯格綜合癥、不善社交，但是決定在全校師生面前唱歌，作者覺得這會(huì)讓自己難堪。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的父母堅(jiān)持要她表演，而我必須是觀眾中的一員。A.hide隱藏；B.quit退出；C.escape逃脫；D.perform表演。根據(jù)前文的“Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格綜合癥),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool.”可知，患有阿斯伯格綜合癥、不善社交的妹妹決定在全校師生面前唱歌，所以父母堅(jiān)持要她表演。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我默默地希望會(huì)發(fā)生什么意外，免得我看著她丟臉。A.protect保護(hù)；B.save免得，避免；C.recover恢復(fù)；D.rescue營(yíng)救。根據(jù)前文的“Iknewshewould1meinsomeway,soIprotested.”、“Isilentlyhopedthatsomethingwouldhappen”和后文“mefromwatchingherlosingface”可知，作者覺得這會(huì)讓自己難堪，所以默默地希望會(huì)發(fā)生什么意外，免得自己看著妹妹丟臉；savesb.fromdoing...“使某人免于做某事”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我在大廳里等著的時(shí)候，汗水爬上了我的額頭。A.pickedup拿起；B.climbedupon爬上；C.tookoff取下；D.wentup上升。根據(jù)前文的“sweat”和后文“myforehead”可知，汗水爬上了作者的額頭。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我安慰自己，沒(méi)人知道她是我妹妹，并試圖說(shuō)服自己，一切都會(huì)好的。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.fine好的；D.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)前文的“nooneknewshe