Unit5Whatanadventure!教材長難句解析學案高中英語

Book3Unit5Whatanadventure!教材長難句解析1.Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds,disfortanddanger.(P66)明知道會是一次擁擠、不舒適而又危險的體驗，去年仍有數(shù)百人愿意為此花費大價錢?！揪涫浇馕觥縯hat引導定語從句Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldinclude時間狀語主語謂語賓語介詞介詞賓語主語插入語謂語that引導定語從句crowds,disfortanddanger.賓語本句為主從復合句。主句：Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperience.【考點一】that引導定語從句修飾先行詞anexperience?！究键c二】句型spend...on...通常表示在某物或某事上花費時間、金錢或精力?！驹~塊點撥】hundredsof數(shù)百goodmoney很多錢theyknew插入語現(xiàn)象2.Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.(P67)對于這些人而言，攀登珠穆朗瑪峰是一次獨一無二的體驗，它讓一些人感受到脆弱的同時也讓另一些人感受到強大?！揪涫浇馕觥縁orthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,狀語主語系動詞表語makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語賓語賓補并連賓語賓補make的復合結構本句主句：climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother.?！究键c一】climbingQomolangma動名詞短語作主語。【考點二】現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語結構：making+賓語+賓補（由and連接的兩個賓語和賓補）?！驹~塊點撥】likenoother（介詞短語）與眾不同，獨一無二3.BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureisjustsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”(P67)英國登山者喬治·馬洛里曾這樣記述攀登珠峰的體驗：“我們從這次冒險活動中得到的是純粹的快樂……我們活著不是為了吃飯和賺錢。我們吃飯和賺錢是為了能夠享受生活。這才是生活的意義和目標?！薄揪涫浇馕觥客徽Zwhat引導主語從句BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureis主語謂語動名詞短語作賓語主語系雙引號內為直接引語justsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.表語what引導兩個并列的表語從句直接引語中的兩個單句Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”主語系表語并列連詞表語本句主句：BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma.雙引號內為直接引語。【考點一】writeof相當于writeabout，“寫（關于……)”。【考點二】what引導的3個從句：第一個是主語從句，第二、三個是表語從句?！驹~塊點撥】sheerjoy真正的快樂makemoney賺錢beabletodo能夠做某事4.ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.(P67)至今人們也不知道他生前是否成功登頂了珠峰。【句式解析】if引導主語從句ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.主系狀表主謂語賓語before引導時間狀語從句本句為主從復合句。主句:Itisstillnotknown.【考點一】it為形式主語,代替if引導的真正的主語從句。注意：如果放于句首，只能用whether引導主語從句?！究键c二】before為連詞,引導時間狀語從句。【詞塊點撥】if“是否”succeededindoingsth.做某事成功takeone’slife奪去某人的命，殺掉某人WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?(P67)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的大多數(shù)嘗試要么大獲全勝，要么徹底失敗，這一冒險行為的背后是否有科學解釋？【句式解析】with復合結構WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,介詞賓語不定式作定語賓補istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?Therebe疑問結構主語本句為therebe句型。主句：Istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?【考點一】with的復合結構作狀語，因resulting與attempts之間是主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。【考點二】此為therebe句型的一般疑問句結構，在段落中具有銜接功能，即通過概括探險成敗情況承接前文，再通過設問引發(fā)讀者對探險者冒險行為的動機進行深層思考，引出下文的研究結果和分析。【詞塊點撥】themajorityof結構主謂一致：（1）themajorityof+復數(shù)名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)；（2）“themajorityof+不可數(shù)名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；（3）“themajorityof+集合名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞可用單數(shù)（視為整體）或復數(shù)（考慮其個體）。either...or...“不是……便是……,或者……或者……”。either...or...連接兩個主語時，采用“就近一致原則”，其謂語動詞應與近的一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。變成一般疑問句，動詞形式與鄰近主語保持一致。Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.(P68)他把這些人的人格特征稱為“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”?！揪涫浇馕觥繝钫Z介詞with復合結構Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.主語謂語賓語介詞賓語介詞賓語賓補本句為簡單句。主干為:Herefersto...as...【考點一】refersto...as...結構，含義為“把……稱作……；稱呼……為……”?！究键c二】“with+賓語+賓補”復合結構?！驹~塊點撥】referto指的是；參考，參看；涉及，談及standfor代表；象征；表示；是…的縮寫Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(P68)研究還表明，我們對于冒險的渴望與我們期待從中獲得多少收益有關?！揪涫浇馕觥縯hat引導賓語從句Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.主語謂語主語定語謂語(to)介詞賓語(howmuch引導賓語從句)本句為主從復合句；主句：Researchalsosuggests(that...).【考點一】Researchalsosuggeststhat...“研究表明（顯示）……”。本文第4段中也有類似句型用法：Recentstudiesindicatethatrisktakingmaybepartofhumannature,withsomeofusmorelikelytotakerisksthanothers.?！究键c二】情態(tài)動詞被動結構；介詞后接賓語，如果賓語由句子來充當，即為賓語從句。即howmuch引導賓語從句?！究键c三】不定式作定語結構。ourdesiretoseekrisks中不定式toseekrisks作定語修飾ourdesire?！驹~塊點撥】beconnectedto相當于beconnectedwith/berelatedto，表示“與……有關”。expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事benefitfrom從……中受益8.Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.(P75)陽光可以照到了海面下三十英尺的地方，這股力量使我震驚?！揪涫浇馕觥縲hich引導非限制性定語從句狀語Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.主語主謂賓定本句是一個主從復合句；主句：Thelightastonishedmebyitspower.定語從句：which引導【考點一】which引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞light（作主語）?！究键c二】mostofthemJewish為獨立主格結構“代詞＋形容詞”。獨立主格結構是由一個相當于主語的名詞或代詞（邏輯主語）加上非謂語動詞、形容詞（副）詞、或介詞短語構成的一種獨立成分。【詞塊點撥】lightn.光；光源；光線；照明v.照亮；照明；使明亮；點燃adj.輕的；輕便的；少量的；輕柔的astonish使驚訝；使大為驚奇；使大吃一驚（近義詞：surprise,amaze,astound,startle,stun）【巧學助記】鞏固訓練1．________(kick)awetfootballcanhurtyourfootifyouarenotcareful.2．Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmadehimself________(hear)．3．Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother________(go)totheSummerPalace，theyhaven'tbeenbackyet.4．NotonlyhebutalsoI________(be)fondofplayingthepiano.5．Hemadehimself________(hear)byraisinghisvoice.6．Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmade________possibleforlifetodevelop.7．It'snouse________(lie)tome.Iwon'tbelieveyou.8．Shegavemea________(determine)look—thekindoflookthatsaidshewouldneverchangehermind.9．Whenthingsgowrong,allofusnaturallyfeel________(disappoint)andfrustrated.10．Hearingthe________(disappoint)news,hewastoosadtocontrolhimself.【答案】1.Kicking 2.heard 3.hasgone 4.am 5.heard6.it 7.lying 8.determined