2021-2022學年安徽省桐城市某重點中學高二周測英語試題解析版

安徽省桐城市某重點中學2021-2022學年高二周測英語試卷一、選詞填空-句子〔本大題共10小題，共分〕Mostofthepeopleareinf______oftheplan,whilethosewhoopposeitareintheminority.〔根據(jù)首字母填空〕Eveniftheclonedpetlooksthesameastheo______one,itwon'tbehaveinthesameway.〔根據(jù)首字母填空〕We'llhavetomakenewarrangementsforthemeeting,sincemyschedulec______withyours.〔根據(jù)首字母填空〕Withregardtoyouroffensiveremarksonraces,wedemandanimmediatea______fromyou.〔根據(jù)首字母填空〕Thecompanyhasbeent______fromafamilybusinessintoamulti-million-poundoperation.〔根據(jù)首字母填空〕Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheoneto______〔責備〕.〔根據(jù)中文提示單詞拼寫〕Thenewbridgewassetupasatemporary______〔措施〕toreplacetheonewhichwasdestroyedbyfloods.〔根據(jù)中文提示填空〕Assomescientistspointout,______〔玩弄〕withgeneticallymodifiedfoodmayputthewholeeco-systematrisk.〔根據(jù)中文提示填空〕Throughcloning,wecanthusmakesurethatwewillhavea______〔可靠的〕supplyofhigh-qualityfoodforyearstocome.〔根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫〕Theofficeunexpectedly______〔大量涌入〕withoffersofhelp,wefeltsurprisedandmovedbypeople'skindness.〔根據(jù)中文提示填空〕二、閱讀理解〔本大題共15小題，共分〕AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarsonOftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years？

JaneAddams〔1860～1935〕

AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunitybycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.

RachelCarson〔1907～1964〕

Ifitweren'tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.

SandraDayO'Connor〔1930～present〕

WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952，shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator〔參議員〕and,in1981，thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.

RosaParks〔1913～2005〕

OnDecember1，1955，inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement."TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,"saidParks.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory？______A.Hersocialwork.

B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.

C.Hereffortstowinaprize.

D.Hercommunitybackground.WhatisthereasonforO'Connor'snotbeingacceptedbythelawfirm？______A.Thepoorfinancialconditions.

B.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.

D.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext？______A.Theyarepioneers. B.Theyaretrulycreative.

C.Theyarehighlyeducated. D.Theyarepeace-lovers.BPoppingfoodintothemicrowaveforacoupleofminutesmayseemharmless,andEurope'sstockofthesequick-cookingovensgiveoutasmuchcarbonasnearly7millioncars,anewstudyhasfound,andtheproblemisgrowing.Withcostsfallingandkitchenappliancesbecomingfrequentlyupdated,ownersarethrowingmanymicrowaveafteranaverageofeightyears.Thisispushingsalesofnewmicrowaveswhichareexpectedtoreach135millionannuallyintheEUbytheendofthedecade.

AstudybytheUniversityofManchesterworkedouttheemissionsofcarbondioxide-themaingreenhousegasresponsibleforclimatechange-ateverystageofmicrowaves,fromproductiontowastedisposal〔處理〕."Itiselectricityconsumptionbymicrowavesthathasthebiggestimpactontheenvironment,"saytheauthors,whoalsocalculatethattheemissionsfromusing19microwavesoverayeararethesameasthosefromacar."Accordingtothesamestudy,effortstoreduceconsumptionshouldfocusonimprovingconsmerawarenessandbehaviourtouseappliancesmoreefficiently.Forexample,electricityconsumptionbymicrowavescanbereducedbyadjustingthetimeofcookingtothetypeoffood."

However,DavidReay,professorofcarbonmanagementarguesthat,althoughmicrowavesuseagreatdealofenergy,theiremissionsareminorcomparedtothosefromcars.IntheUKalone,therearearound30millioncars.ThesecarsemitmorethanalltheemissionsfrommicrowavesintheEU.Backingthisup,recentdatashowthatpassengercarsintheUKemitted69milliontonsofcarbondioxidein2021.Thisis10timestheamountthisnewmicrowaveovenstudyestimatesforannualemissionsforallthemicrowaveovensinthewholeoftheEU.Further,theenergyusedbymicrowavesislowerthananyotherformofcooking.Amongcommonkitchenappliancesusedforcooking,microwavesarethemostenergyefficient,followedbyastoveandfinallyastandardoven.Thus,risingmicrowavesalescouldbeseenasapositivething.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy？______A.TheuseofmicrowavesemitsmoreCO?，thanpeoplethink.

B.CO2emissionsposeamajorthreattotheenvironment.

C.Thefrequentuseofmicrowavesmaydoharmtoourhealth.

D.Quick-cookingmicrowaveovenshavebecomemorepopular.Whyarethesalesofmicrowavesexpectedtorise？______A.Theyhaveashorterlifecyclethanotherappliances.

B.Theytakelesstimetocookthanotherappliances.

C.Theyaregettingmucheasiertooperate.

D.Theyarebecomingmoreaffordable.WhatrecommendationdoesthestudybytheUniversityofManchestermake？______A.Cookingfoodofdifferentvarieties.

B.Eatinglesstocutenergyconsumption.

C.Improvingmicrowaveusers'habits.

D.Usingmicrowaveovenslessfrequently.WhatdoesProfessorDavidReaythinkoftheuseofmicrowaves？______A.Itplaysapositiveroleinenvironmentalprotection.

B.Itmakeseverydaycookingmuchmoreconvenient.

C.Itwillbecomelesspopularinthecomingdecades.

D.Itconsumesmorepowerthantraditionalcooking.CWhenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate〔照亮〕meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.

WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand"tooserious"aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper,andoneofuswouldsay,"Let'sstartwithatrainwhistletoday."Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.

WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.HewasindespairandIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachother.

ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendswhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother'sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink,"Yes,Imusttell…"Wehavenevermet.

ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist,whowillonlyfillupthehealingsilencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto______A.becomeseriousaboutherstudy

B.gotoherfriend'shouseregularly

C.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend

D.learnfromherclassmatesatschoolWhatdoestheunderlinedsentence"WegaveLondontoeachother"inParagraph3probablymean？______A.WepartedwitheachotherinLondon.

B.OurunpleasantfeelingaboutLondondisappeared.

C.WewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromLondon.

D.OurexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofus.Whatwouldtheauthorprefertodointhedarkestmoments？______A.Tobeleftalone. B.Toseekprofessionalhelp.

C.Tobreakthesilence. D.Tostaywithherbestfriend.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？______A.UnforgettableExperiences B.NobleCompanions

C.RemarkableImagination D.LifelongFriendshipDAnewgroupofyoungwomen-membersoftheso-calledMillennial〔千禧的〕generation-hasbeenenteringtheworkforceforthepastdecade.Atthestartinglineoftheircareers,theyarebettereducatedthantheirmothersandgrandmothershadbeen-orthantheiryoungmalecounterparts〔相當?shù)娜恕砤renow.Butwhentheylookahead,theyseeroadblockstotheirsuccess.

Theybelievethatwomenarepaidlessthanmenfordoingthesamejob.Theythinkit'seasierformentogettopjobsthanitisforthem.Andtheyassumethatifandwhentheyhavechildren,itwillbeevenharderforthemtoadvanceintheircareers.

Whilethepublicseegreaterworkplaceequalitybetweenmenandwomennowthanitdid20～30yearsago,mostbelievemorechangeisneeded.AmongMillennialwomen,75%saythiscountryneedstocontinuemakingchangestoachievegenderequalityintheworkplace,comparedwith57%ofMillennialmen.Evenso,relativelyfewyoungwomen〔15%〕saytheyhavebeendiscriminated〔歧視〕againstatworkbecauseoftheirgender.

AsMillennialwomencomeofagetheysharemanyofthesameviewsandvaluesaboutworkastheirmalecounterparts.Theywantjobsthatprovidesecurityandflexibility,andtheyplacerelativelylittleimportanceonhighpay.Atthesametime,however,youngworkingwomenarelesslikelythanmentoaimattopmanagementjobs：34%saythey'renotinterestedinbecomingabossortopmanager；only24%ofyoungmensaythesame.Thegendergaponthisquestionisevenwideramongworkingadultsintheir30sand40s,whenmanywomenfacethetrade-offs〔協(xié)調(diào)〕thatgowithworkandmotherhood.

ThesefindingsarebasedonanewPewResearchCentersurveyof2，002adults,including810Millennials〔ages18～32〕，conductedOct.7～27，2021.Thesurveyfindsthat,inspiteofthedramaticgainswomenhavemadeineducationalachievementandlaborforceparticipationinrecentdecades,youngwomenviewthisasaman'sworld-justasmiddle-agedandolderwomendo.WhatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphaboutMillennialwomenstartingtheircareers？______A.Theycangetaheadonlybyworkingharder.

B.TheyexpecttosucceedjustlikeMillennialmen.

C.Theyarebettereducatedthantheirmalecounterparts.

D.Theyaregenerallyquiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.HowdomostMillennialwomenfeelabouttheirtreatmentintheworkplace？______A.Theyarethetargetofdiscrimination.

B.Theyfinditsatisfactoryonthewhole.

C.Theyfindtheircomplaintsignored.

D.Theythinkitneedsfurtherimproving.Whatarewomenintheir30sand40sconcernedabout？______A.Thefulfillmentoftheirdreamsinlife.

B.Thebalancebetweenworkandfamily.

C.Thenarrowingofthegendergap.

D.Thewelfareoftheirchildren.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnaboutMillennialwomenfromthe2021survey？______A.Theyaccountforhalftheworkforceinthejobmarket.

B.Theyseetheworlddifferentlyfromoldergenerations.

C.Theystillviewthisworldasonecontrolledbymales.

D.Theydobetterinworkthantheirmalecounterparts.三、閱讀七選五〔本大題共5小題，共分〕Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedtodeterminetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectadeepinterestinromanceamongtheartists.〔1〕______Lifeforancientpeopleseemedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.

〔2〕______Researchersarestudyingwhetherlovecanbecreated,andhowmuchthebraingetsinvolvedinlovematters.Youhaveprobablyheardthatoppositesattractbutthatsimilaritiesattract,too.Onethingiscertain：Thetruthaboutloveisnotyetsetinstone.

FirstImpression

Tohelpdeterminetheelementsofattraction,researcherspaired164collegeclassmatesandhadthemtalkfor3，6or10minutessotheycouldgetasenseofeachother'sindividuality.Thenstudentswereaskedtopredictwhatkindofrelationshiptheywerelikelytobuildwiththeirpartners.Afternineweeks,theyreportedwhathappened.Asitturnedout,theirinitialjudgmentsoftenheldtrue.〔3〕______

TheNoseKnows

Scientistshavealsoturnedtononhumanstoincreaseunderstandingofattraction.Manyanimalsgiveoffpheromones-naturalchemicalsthatcanbedetectedby,andthencanproducearesponsein,otheranimalsofthesamespecies.Pheromonescansignalthatananimaliseitherreadytofightorisfeelingopentopartnerships.〔4〕______Smell,however,doesseemtoplayapartinhumanattraction.Althoughwemaynotbeawareofchemicalslikepheromonesconsciously,wegiveandreceiveloadsofinformationthroughsmellineveryinteractionwithotherpeople.

FaceValue

Beingfondofsomeoneseemstohaveanumberoffactors,includingseeingsomethingwefindattractive.Researchershadpeoplejudgefacesforattractiveness.Theparticipantshad0.013secondstovieweachface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredtheimagesthesameaspeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.〔5〕______

A.Itiseasytopreparealistofmodernstorieshavingtodowithlove.

B.Thewayweassessattractivenessseemstobesomewhatautomatic.

C.Instead,youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.

D.Peoplerespondedtopositivewordsfasterafterviewinganattractiveface.

E.Studentsseemedtodistinguishatanearlystagewhowouldbestfitintotheirlives.

F.Inmoderntimes,whenfoodisabundant,findingloveismorecentraltopeople'slives.

G.Incontrast,humansdonotseemtobeasgiftedasotheranimalsatdetectingsuchchemicals.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空〔本大題共15小題，共分〕Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay"sorry,〔1〕______number!"andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething〔2〕______.

OnMarch19，Dennisgotagrouptext〔3〕______himthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe〔4〕______ofababy.

"Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,"Dennisresponded.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere〔5〕______quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher〔6〕______，shedidn'tseemtorealizethatshewas〔7〕______thebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger."Well,Idon'tknowyouallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby,"repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew〔8〕______werein.

Muchtothefamily'ssurprise,Dennisstucktohispromise!Heturnedupatthehospital〔9〕______giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Lindsey'shusbandwastotally〔10〕______bytheunexpectedvisit."Idon'tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe〔11〕______itandthegifts."

Teresa〔12〕______aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite〔13〕______bythetouchingwords："Whata〔14〕______thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis."Theposthassincegainedtheattentionofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184，000sharesand61，500〔15〕______injustthreedays.

A.unlucky B.secret C.new D.wrong

A.reasonable B.special C.necessary D.practical

A.convincing B.reminding C.informing D.warning

A.wake-up B.recovery C.growth D.arrival

A.comingin B.settingout C.passingdown D.movingaround

A.opinion B.anxiety C.excitement D.effort

A.comparing B.exchanging C.discussing D.sharing

A.parents B.doctors C.patients D.visitors

A.bearing B.collecting C.opening D.making

A.discouraged B.relaxed C.astonished D.defeated

A.admit B.need C.appreciate D.expect

A.found B.selected C.developed D.posted

A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied

A.pity B.blessing C.relief D.problem

A.hates B.likes C.praises D.critics五、語法填空〔本大題共1小題，共分〕TheMid-AutumnDayisaveryimportanttraditionalfestivalinChina.Ittakesitsnamefromthefactthatit〔1〕______〔celebrate〕inthemiddleoftheautumnseason.TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.ThedayisknownastheMoonFestival,asatthetimeoftheyearthemoonisatitsroundestand〔2〕______〔bright〕.Itisaneveningcelebrationin〔3〕______familiesgathertogetherandeatmooncakes.Besides,〔4〕______〔make〕thehousemorebeautiful,peoplewillhangredlanternsinfrontofit.Onthatday,peoplelookbackonthepastandlookforwardtothefuturetogether.Childrenwillplaywiththeirown〔5〕______〔toy〕andenjoythemselves.

TheMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationsdateback〔6〕______morethan2，000years.Theword"Mid-Autumn"first〔7〕______〔appear〕inthefamousancientbookZhouLi.However,itwasnot〔8〕______theearlyTangDynastythatpeoplecelebratedthedayasatraditionalfestival.Itbecamean〔9〕______〔official〕establishedfestivalduringtheSongDynasty,andhasbecomeaspopularastheSpringFestivalsincetheMingandQingDynasties.Celebrationshavecontinuedeversinceandmorecustomsfor〔10〕______〔mark〕thisoccasionhavebeenformed.六、書面表達〔本大題共2小題，共分〕假定你是李華，是第一中學的一名學生，請你就學校附近一些印染廠偷排未經(jīng)處理的廢氣所造成的極大影響與危害，給常熟市長寫一封信反映這一污染問題。內(nèi)容包括：〔1〕寫信目的；〔2〕排放未經(jīng)處理廢氣的危害；〔3〕你的訴求。注意：〔1〕詞數(shù)80左右；〔2〕可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；〔3〕開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不包含在詞數(shù)內(nèi)。參考詞匯：printinganddyeingmill印染廠

DearMayor,

____________

Yours,

LiHua閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。

Shayasked,"Doyouthinkthey'llletmeplay？"Shay'sfatherknewthatmostoftheboyswouldnotwantsomeonelikeShayontheirteam.Afterall,Shaywasnotanormalboy-strickenbyadeadlydisease,hewasbothmentallyandphysicallydisabled.Hewasabitcrippled〔瘸〕andtendedtolosephysicalbalancewhilerunning.Worsestill,hewasintelligentlyretarded-hewasnotascleveraskidsofhisage.ForShay,eachdaymeantafightforsurvival,buteachday,hedesiredtojoinotherkidsingames,andlikeotherkids,hedreamtofbeingaheroofagame.

Shay'sfatherunderstoodthatsoccerwasnotforShay,butifhissonwereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelongingandsomeconfidence.HeapproachedoneoftheboysonthefieldandaskedifShaycouldplay,notexpectingmuch.Theboypausedandthoughttohimself,"We'relosingbyonegoalandthegameisinthesecondhalf.Shay'sgonnadecreaseourchancetowin."Hehesitatedforawhilebutsaiddeterminedly,"Iguesshecanbeonourteamandwe'lltrytoputhimonthefield."

Overjoyedandexcited,Shaystruggledovertotheteam'sbenchandputonateamshirtwithabroadsmile.Seeingallthis,hisfatherhadasmalltearinhiseyeandwarmthinheart.SimplyapositiononthebenchwasgoodenoughforShaytoenjoyhisdream.Theboysonbothteamsawthefather'sjoyathissonbeingaccepted.

注意：〔1〕所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；〔2〕續(xù)寫局部分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。答案和解析1.【答案】avor

【解析】答案：favor.由下文的who

oppose

it可知此處指的是"贊同這個方案"，使用介詞短語infavorof"贊同"。故答案為：favor.

大多數(shù)人贊同這個方案，然而那些反對的人是占少數(shù)的。

對于根據(jù)首字母填空這種題，要分析句子意思，再從結(jié)構(gòu)上和意義上對答案進行確定。

2.【答案】riginal

【解析】答案：original.由上文的the

cloned

pet可知，隆的寵物看起來和原來的那個一樣，使用形容詞original"原始的"，修飾下文的one.

故答案為：original.

即使克隆的寵物看起來和原來的那個一樣，它的行為舉止也不是一致的。

對于根據(jù)首字母填空這種題，要分析句子意思，再從結(jié)構(gòu)上和意義上對答案進行確定。

3.【答案】onflicts

【解析】答案：conflicts.此處在since引導的從句中作謂語，根據(jù)句意及首字母判斷，應為動詞conflict"沖突，不一致"，本句陳述客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是myschedule,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填conflicts.

我們得為會議作新的安排，因為我的日程和你的不一致。

做首字母填空題，首先要弄清句子含義，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以確定單詞的詞性及詞義，結(jié)合語境拼寫出正確的單詞形式。

4.【答案】pology

【解析】答案：apology.空格前有animmediate修飾，根據(jù)句意及首字母判斷，此處應為名詞apology,意為"抱歉"，符合語境。故填apology.

關(guān)于你在種族問題上的攻擊性言論，我們要求你立即抱歉。

做首字母填空題，首先要弄清句子含義，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以確定單詞的詞性及詞義，結(jié)合語境拼寫出正確的單詞形式。

5.【答案】ransformed

【解析】答案：transformed.根據(jù)句意及首字母判斷，此處應為動詞transform"使改變"，transformfrom…into…"從…轉(zhuǎn)變成…"，符合語境。主語Thecompany與動詞transform之間為被動關(guān)系，本句用了現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)hasbeen+過去分詞，故填transformed.

這家公司已從一家家族企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐患覕?shù)百萬英鎊的公司。

做首字母填空題，首先要弄清句子含義，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以確定單詞的詞性及詞義，結(jié)合語境拼寫出正確的單詞形式。

6.【答案】blame

【解析】答案：blame.blame,根據(jù)所給的漢語提示"責備"和空前的動詞不定式符號to可知，此處應用動詞原形，"責備"的英語是blame,固定短語betoblame意為"應受責備"。故填blame.

格林先生站起來為這位16歲的男孩辯護，說他不應該受到責備。

翻譯填空要在理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義的根底上根據(jù)漢語意思選擇恰當?shù)脑~、短語或句型；同時注意所選詞的形式變化。

7.【答案】measure/step

【解析】答案：measure/step.句中temporary意為"臨時的"，形容詞詞性，后應接名詞。根據(jù)漢語提示"措施"可知空格處應用measure/step,為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句中a可知，應用measure的單數(shù)形式。故填measure/step.

這座新橋是作為臨時措施而建立的，以代替被洪水沖毀的那座橋。

翻譯填空要在理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義的根底上根據(jù)漢語意思選擇恰當?shù)脑~、短語或句型；同時注意所選詞的形式變化。

8.【答案】toying

【解析】答案：toying.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的謂語動詞是mayput,空處需填動名詞作主語，toy意為"玩弄"，其動名詞形式是toying。故填toying。

正如一些科學家指出的那樣，玩弄轉(zhuǎn)基因食品可能會使整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)處于危險之中。

翻譯填空要在理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義的根底上根據(jù)漢語意思選擇恰當?shù)脑~、短語或句型；同時注意所選詞的形式變化。

9.【答案】reliable

【解析】答案：reliable.根據(jù)所給的漢語提示"可靠的"和空后的名詞supply可知，此處應用形容詞修飾名詞作定語，修飾名詞supply,"可靠的"的英語是reliable,故填reliable.

通過克隆，我們可以確保在未來幾年我們將有可靠的高質(zhì)量食品供給。

翻譯填空要在理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義的根底上根據(jù)漢語意思選擇恰當?shù)脑~、短語或句型；同時注意所選詞的形式變化。

10.【答案】flooded

【解析】答案：flooded.根據(jù)所給的漢語提示"大量涌入"和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，"大量涌入"的英語是flood是動詞，theoffice與flood之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應用flood的過去分詞flooded,故填flooded.

辦公室里出人意料地收到了大量的幫助，人們的好意使我們感到驚訝和感動。

翻譯填空要在理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義的根底上根據(jù)漢語意思選擇恰當?shù)脑~、短語或句型；同時注意所選詞的形式變化。

11.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】A【解析】〔1〕A．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.??????????????任何一個得到社會工作者幫助的人都要感謝JaneAddams。由此可知，JaneAddams在歷史上以她的社會工作而聞名。應選A．〔2〕B．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952????????????，?????????????年，SandraDayO'Connor??在斯坦福大學法學院以全班第三名的成績畢業(yè)，因為是女性，她在律師事務所找不到工作。由此可知，律師事務所拒絕O'Connor主要是因為她是一位女性，也就是對婦女的歧視。應選B．〔3〕A．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years？你可能知道瑪麗?居里是誰，但你可能沒聽說過雷切爾?卡森。在下面列出的杰出女性中，你認為誰是過去100年里最重要的女性？后文就例舉了幾個對社會有重要奉獻的女性：珍妮?亞當斯是第一個獲得諾貝爾和平獎的美國女性；雷切爾?卡森的作品?寂靜的春天?提高了人們對污染的危險性和化學物質(zhì)對人類和世界湖泊和海洋的危害性的認識；桑德拉?戴?奧康納是美國首位聯(lián)邦最高法院女法官；羅莎?帕克斯在公共汽車上拒絕為白人讓座，拉開了民權(quán)運動的序幕。可知文中提到的幾位女性都是先鋒人物，應選A．

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了對人類開展產(chǎn)生重大影響的四位女性JaneAddams、RachelCarson、SandraDayO'Connor以及RosaParks的故事，贊揚她們?yōu)槿祟愡M步所做出的巨大奉獻。

1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文根本一致的題目。

2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

14.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】C【小題4】A【解析】〔1〕A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Popping

food

into

the

microwave

for

a

couple

of

minutes

may

seem

harmless,

and

Europe's

stockof

these

quick-cooking

ovens

give

out

as

much

carbon

as

nearly

7

million

cars,

a

new

study

has

found,

and

the

problem

isgrowing."

〔一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，將食物放入微波爐幾分鐘似乎是無害的，而歐洲儲存的這些快速烹飪的烤箱所釋放的碳量相當于近700萬輛汽車所釋放的碳量，而且這個問題還在加劇?！晨芍?，使用微波釋放出的二氧化碳比人們想象的要多。應選A.

〔2〕D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"With

costs

flling

and

kitchen

appliances

becoming

frequently

updated,

owners

are

throwingmany

microwave

after

an

average

of

eight

years.

This

is

pushing

sales

of

new

microwaves

which

are

expected

to

reach

135million

annually

in

the

EU

by

the

end

of

the

decade."

〔隨著本錢的下降和廚房電器的頻繁更新，平均使用八年的時間后，業(yè)主們會扔掉很多微波爐。這推動了新微波爐的銷售，預計到2021年，新微波爐在歐盟的年銷量將到達1

35億部?！晨芍?，預計微波爐的銷量將會上升是因為它們正變得越來越廉價。應選D.

〔3〕C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"According

to

the

same

study,

efforts

to

reduce

consumption

should

focus

on

improvingconsumer

awareness

and

behavior

to

use

appliances

more

eficiently."

〔根據(jù)同一項研究，減少消費的努力應該集中在提高消費者的意識和行為，以更有效地使用電器?！晨芍?，這項由曼徹斯特大學進行的研究建議改善使用微波爐的習慣。應選C.

〔4〕A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"However,

David

Reay,

professor

of

carbon

management

argues

that,

although

microwaves

usea

great

deal

of

energy,

their

emissions

are

minor

compared

to

those

from

cars."〔然而，碳管理教授大衛(wèi)：雷伊認為，盡管微波消耗大量能源，但與汽車排放的能量相比，它們的排放量微缺乏道?！澈?Further,the

energy

used

by

microwaves

is

lower

thanany

other

form

of

cooking.

Among

common

kitchen

appliances

used

for

cooking,

microwaves

are

the

most

energy

efficient,followed

by

a

stove

and

finally

a

standard

oven.

Thus,rising

microwave

sales

could

be

seen

as

a

positive

thing."

〔此外，微波所使用的能量比任何其他形式的烹飪都要低。在常用的廚房用具中，微波爐是最節(jié)能的，其次是爐子，最后是標準烤箱。因此微波爐銷量的上升可以看作是一件好事。〕可知，大衛(wèi)：雷伊教授認為微波爐對環(huán)境保護起到了積極的作用。應選A.

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，將食物放入微波爐幾分鐘似乎是無害的，微波所使用的能量比任何其他形式的烹飪都要低。因此，微波爐銷量的上升可以看作是一件好事。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料。其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性．對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

18.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】A【小題4】B【解析】〔1〕C．細節(jié)理解題。從第二段中."Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.〔我們會靜靜地坐在一起，根據(jù)火車汽笛聲寫各自的詩歌或故事。然后我們會大聲朗讀它們。〕"可知，作者在八年級的時候，在和朋友開展正確的社會行為之前通過寫詩或故事來溝通。應選C項?！?〕D．句意猜想題。通過第三段中"WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.〔我和朋友連續(xù)五周的周日都一起尋找倫敦美好的事情，他們一起散步直到彼此的傷心和絕望消失為止?！?可知，作者和朋友通過在倫敦共同探險和散步來讓彼此擺脫傷心絕望的壞心情，可以說是雙方在心情糟糕時送給彼此的一個珍貴的禮物。應選D項?！?〕A．細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段"thosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.〔在那些最黑暗的時刻我更愿意做自己最好的朋友〕"可知，作者在那些最黑暗的時刻更愿意獨處，"tobeleftalone."應選A項?！?〕B.標題歸納題。作者在文章中介紹了自己在幾個不同時期的好朋友，與這幾位好朋友的友誼都是高尚的、純潔的，他們都在相應的時期給了作者很大的幫助并留下了深刻的印象。從文章最后一段中的"ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep."〔我想一直擁有這樣的舒適的伙伴關(guān)系〕也可以看出，這樣的companions是作者給予高度評價的，是comforting〔撫慰的、舒適的〕的。選項B中的noble意為：高尚的。符合作者對朋友的定義。應選B項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在人生不同時期遇到的幾個好朋友對作者的幫助和影響。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀根底上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

22.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】B【小題4】C【解析】〔1〕C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"At

the

starting

line

of

their

careers,

they

are

better

educated

than

their

mothers

andgrandmothers

had

been

-

-

-

or

than

their

young

male

counterparts

are

now."在她們職業(yè)生涯的起跑線上，她們比她們的母親和祖母受過更好的教育，或者比她們的年輕男性同齡人現(xiàn)在受的教育更好。由此可知，開始職業(yè)生涯的千禧一代女性比同齡男性受教育程度更高。應選C。〔2〕D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的While

the

public

see

greater

workplace

equality

between

men

and

women

now

than

it

did

20～30years

ago,

most

believe

more

change

is

needed.雖然公眾看到現(xiàn)在的職場男女比20～30年前更加平等，但大多數(shù)人認為還需要更多的改變。由此推知，千禧一代女性認為她們的職場待遇需要進一步改善。應選D?！?〕B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"The

gender

gap

on

this

questi