2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語必修第三冊(cè)（譯林版）UNIT 4 Section A教學(xué)課件

UNIT4

ScientistswhochangedtheworldSectionA

Welcometotheunit&Reading課文預(yù)習(xí)自測(cè)Ⅰ閱讀理解（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案）1.ForwhatdidTuYouyouwin2015NobelPrize?A.Whatshehaddonetofightagainstmalaria. B.Thedecreaseddeathrateofmalaria.C.Heraccidentaldiscoveryofqinghaosu. D.Hercontributionasthefirstfemalescientist.2.WhataretheParagraphs3-5mainlyabout?A.Howcomplextheexperimentswere.

B.TuYouyou’sdifficultiesandsolutions.C.TheassistanceTuYouyougotfromherteammates.D.Lackofresourcesdidn’tpreventthesuccessofthescientist.○○3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.TuYouyouthinkshighlyoftraditionalChinesemedicine.B.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesescientisttowintheNobelPrize.C.Thetrialsonrealpatientswerepostponedfortheirunwillingness.D.ThediscoveryofqinghaosuismainlyduetotheinspirationofancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicine.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTuYouyouandherteam?A.Fortunateandenergetic. B.Patientandresponsible.C.Reliableandstubborn. D.Wiseanddetermined.○○Ⅱ語法填空（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式）

TuYouyouisthefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChina1__________（win）theNobelPrizeforherachievementagainstmalaria，oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.Shediscoveredqinghaosu，greatly2__________（reduce）thedeathrateofmalariapatients.

Tu，3__________majoredinmedicineatuniversityandcompletedfurthertrainingcoursesintraditionalChinesemedicineaftergraduation，has4__________

goodknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.Tu’seducationhelpedheralot.WhenTuledaresearchteamin1969tofindacureforthedisease，she5___________（inspire）toconsulttheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicinewhentheyfailedtoachieveanyofthe6__________（expect）results.In1971，after190failures，shesuccessfullymadeqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmice.Shethenovercamethedifficultyofextractingqinghao7__________

largequantitiesduetolimitedresources.Workingdayandnight8__________（weak）theirhealthbutnotshooktheirresolve.9__________（late），thetrialsonrealpatientsmightbedelayedbecausetheydidnotmasterenoughdata.Tuandherteammembersvolunteeredtofirsttesttheqinghaoextractonthemselves.

TheeffortsofTuandherteam10__________（eventual）paidoffwhentheysuccessfullyisolatedqinghaosuin1972，benefitingabout200millionmalariapatients.Morethan40yearslater，TuwasawardedaNobelPrize.InherNobelLecture，sheencouragedscientiststoexploretraditionalChinesemedicineandtakeittonewheights.towinreducingwhoawasinspiredexpectedinweakenedLatereventually核心詞匯教材原句p.44 ...oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.

……人類歷史上最致命的疾病之一。1deadlyadj.致命的；十足的，徹底的；極度的deadlyenemies不共戴天的敵人Belcheriseasnakeisoneofthedeadliestsnakesintheworld.貝爾徹海蛇是世界上最致命的毒蛇之一?！驹~語積累】deadadj.死的，無生命的，麻木的，死氣沉沉的dievi.死亡，滅亡；枯萎；消失deathn.死，死亡；毀滅【歸納拓展】burn/starvetodeath燒死/餓死

bebored/scared/frightenedtodeath無聊得/嚇得要死 題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法完成句子（1）Todefeatcholera，

（當(dāng)時(shí)一種致命的疾?。瑆asarealchallengetomanyscientists.（2）Wearingauniform，hestoodbeforethestatueinmemoryof_____________________（已故英雄）.單句語法填空（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Hedidn’twanttobeattacked.Thiswaswhyhepublishedhisideasbeforehis__________（die）.adeadlydiseaseofitsdaydeaththedeadhero教材原句p.44Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu，malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.由于她發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，全世界瘧疾患者的生存機(jī)會(huì)大大增加。2survivaln.生存，存活；殘存物，幸存事物Alotofsmallcompaniesareatriskandtheyhavetofightforsurvival.很多小公司處境危險(xiǎn)，它們不得不為生存而拼搏。Illegalhuntingisthreateningthesurvivalofthespecies.非法狩獵正威脅著物種的存在。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］【詞語積累】survivev.活下來，幸存survivorn.幸存者，生還者【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】

v.+-al→n.survive→survival幸存 refuse→refusal拒絕arrive→arrival到達(dá) approve→approval贊成單句語法填空（1）Manmustalsofollowthelawofnature：

（survive）ofthefittest.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Theworkersbuiltsheltersforthosewho

（survive）theterribleearthquake.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The

（survive）inthedisasterwererescuedrightaway.完成句子（4）Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchfor_____________________________（地震中的幸存者）.（5）Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand

（我們生存的唯一方式）istoliveinharmonywithnature.survivalsurvivedsurvivorssurvivorsinanearthquaketheonlywayforustosurvive教材原句p.44...Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtondacureforthedisease.……屠呦呦擔(dān)任了一個(gè)課題組的組長(zhǎng)，計(jì)劃找到該疾病的治療方法。3intendvi.&vt.想要，計(jì)劃；意指 intendtodo/doingsth.打算/想要做某事 intendsb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事 beintendedfor專為……準(zhǔn)備/設(shè)計(jì)的Theyintendtolaunchacampaigntoraisemoney.他們打算發(fā)起一場(chǎng)募捐活動(dòng)。TheheadmasterintendedJimtodeliveraspeechinfrontofthewholeschool.校長(zhǎng)打算讓吉姆在全校師生面前做演講。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Thebookisintendedforspecialistsinlinguistics.這本書是專為語言學(xué)專家寫的。【誤區(qū)警示】hadintendedtodosth.意為“本打算做某事”，表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。有這種用法的詞還有plan，hope，think，expect，mean等。 搭配完成句子（1）Thebookaswellastheflowers

（專為……準(zhǔn)備）mymother，butmyfatherthoughttheywereforhimandtookthem.（2）Ididn’t

（打算讓她看到）thepaintinguntilitwasfinished.（3）Thismedicine

（是為了讓孩子）freeofsickness.單句語法填空（4）I

（intend）tocome，butwaspreventedbythebadweather.wasintendedforintendhertoseeisintendedtokeepchildrenhadintended教材原句p.45...TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.……屠呦呦再次去查閱歷代中醫(yī)藥典籍。4referto（1）指的是，涉及，與……相關(guān)“TheTrueNorth”referstoatrainthatcrossesthewholecontinent.“真北方號(hào)”指的是穿越整個(gè)大陸的一列火車。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］（2）提到，談到搭配：referto...as...稱……為……Theyagreednevertorefertothematteragain.他們同意永遠(yuǎn)不再提這件事了。Helikestobereferredtoas“DoctorKhee”.他喜歡別人叫他“基博士”。（3）查閱，參考Hemadethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotes.他脫稿發(fā)表了演講?！練w納拓展】referto/turnto/consultthedictionary查詞典lookup...inthedictionary在詞典中查閱……

寫出句中referto的含義（1）IwasnotreferringtoherwhenIsaidso.（2）Nowthattheboyhasbeenpunished，pleasedon’trefertothatmatteragain.

（3）Theteacheraskedusnottorefertoourbooksordictionarieswhenwewereintheexam.完成句子（4）Insteadof

（查詞典），Ialwaystrytoguessthemeaningsofthenewwordsinthepassage.指的是提到查閱，參考referringto/turningtothedictionary教材原句p.45...Turedesignedtheexperimentsandtriedextractingtheherbatalowtemperature...……屠呦呦重新設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)，她嘗試在低溫下提取青蒿……5experimentn.實(shí)驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)vi.進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn) do/carryoutanexperiment做實(shí)驗(yàn) perform/conductanexperiment進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn) byexperiment通過實(shí)驗(yàn) laboratoryexperiments實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn) fieldexperiments現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn) experimentwith/on用……做實(shí)驗(yàn)Theseexperimentsshowedthatourbodyclocksareaffectedbylightandtemperature.這些實(shí)驗(yàn)表明我們的生物鐘受光和溫度的影響。Scientistsarestillexperimentingwithcloningmammals.科學(xué)家還在試驗(yàn)克隆哺乳動(dòng)物。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］【詞語積累】experimentaladj.實(shí)驗(yàn)的，實(shí)驗(yàn)性的 搭配完成句子（1）Inarecentstudy，professorsinPekingUniversity_______________________________________________（進(jìn)行了一些實(shí)驗(yàn)）.（2）

（用……做實(shí)驗(yàn)）materialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.單句語法填空（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Youcanneverbetoocarefulwhile

（experiment）withelectronicdevices.（4）Astrictconclusionmustbeproved

experiment.experimentsperformed/conductedsomeExperimentingwithexperimentingby教材原句p.45...becauseresearchresourceswerelimited.由于研究資源有限……6limitedadj.有限的limitedresources有限的資源Shedressedupinthelimitedtime.她在有限的時(shí)間里裝扮完畢。Mylifeislimited，butlearningislimitless.吾生也有涯，而知也無涯?！驹~語積累】limitvt.限制，限定n.［C］限度，限制；限量 limit...to...把……限制在……，局限于……withinlimits在某種程度上；有一定限制 withoutlimit無限制地setalimiton...設(shè)定的……限度 Thereisa/nolimitto...……是有/無限度的。atime/speed/agelimit時(shí)間/速度/年齡限制Youmustlimitthespeedofyourcarwherepeoplegathertogether.在人們聚集的地方，你必須限制車速。Thedamagewaslimitedtotheroof.只有屋頂受到了損壞。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Wesetalimitonhowmuchwespendonclothes.

我們給服裝的開支設(shè)定了一個(gè)限額。There’snolimittowhatyoucandoifyoutry.如果你努力的話，成就無可限量。

單句語法填空（1）Wearedoingourbestwiththe

（limit）resourcesavailable.（2）Justlikeavoyageatsea，ourlifejourney，whosedaysare

（limit），isfullofdifficulties.（3）Ihavebeenaskedtolimitmyspeech

tenminutes.（4）Thereisalimittoone’slife，butnolimitto

（serve）thepeople.完成句子（5）Theteachingofhistoryshouldnot

（局限于）datesandfigures.（6）Ithinkweoughtto

（嚴(yán)格限制）theamountoftimewecanspendontheproject.limitedlimitedtoservingbelimitedtosetastrictlimiton教材原句p.45Thetrialsonpatientswerelikelytobepostponedbecausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.因?yàn)樗麄儧]有充足的安全性數(shù)據(jù)，在病人身上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)有可能推遲。7postponevt.延遲；延期（同義短語：putoff） postponedoingsth推遲做某事 postponesth.until...把某事推遲至……

postponeforfivemonths延期五個(gè)月postponetoWednesday推遲到星期三Thegamehasbeenpostponedthreetimes.比賽已經(jīng)三度延期了。Theyhavedecidedtopostponehavingababyforawhile.他們決定推遲一段時(shí)間要孩子。Wewillhavetopostponethemeetinguntil/tonextweek.我們不得不將會(huì)議推遲到下星期。 搭配完成句子（1）Let’s

（推遲做決定）untilwehavemoreinformation.（2）Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeeting

（將會(huì)被推遲）.單句語法填空（3）Thegamewasinterruptedbyrain，sotheyhadnoalternativebut

（postpone）it. postponemakingadecisionwouldbepostponedtopostpone8sufficient

adj.足夠的，充足的 besufficienttodosth.足以做某事 besufficientfor...對(duì)……來說足夠sufficientexperience足夠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)sufficientmoney足夠的錢Ahandfulofforeigncoinsareoftennotsufficienttobuymuchfromtheduty-freeshop.一把外國(guó)硬幣在免稅商店往往不夠買太多東西。Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel，themanagerisreluctanttoinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.雖然賓館的服務(wù)很差，但經(jīng)理仍然不愿意投資對(duì)員工進(jìn)行充分的培訓(xùn)?！驹~語積累】sufficientlyadv.足夠地，充足地 搭配單句語法填空（1）Themoneyisnotsufficient

（cover）everythingthatneedsdoing.（2）Is￡100sufficient

yourexpenses?（3）Ihadn’ttrained

（sufficient）fortheconference.完成句子（4）Threedictionaries

（對(duì)……來說是足夠的）afirst-gradepupil.tocoverforsufficientlyaresufficientfor教材原句p.45 Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety...

為了加快進(jìn)程并確保安全……9speedup加速（反義短語：slowdown減速，慢下來）Dadsteppedonthegasandthecarspedupto100kph.爸爸一踩油門，車速提至每小時(shí)100千米。Pleasespeedup，oryouwilllosesightofthecaryouarefollowing.請(qǐng)加速，要不然你就看不見你跟蹤的汽車了。Canyoutryandspeedthingsupabit?你能不能設(shè)法加快一點(diǎn)事情的進(jìn)度？【歸納拓展】ataspeedof以……的速度 athigh/low/full/topspeed以高速/低速/全速/最高速aspeedlimit/restriction速度限制 pickup/gain/gatherspeed加速speedby（時(shí)間）很快地過去，飛逝【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】speed的過去式和過去分詞分別是sped，sped或speeded，speeded。 單句語法填空（1）Theyarebroadeningthebridgetospeed

theflowoftraffic.（2）Twomonthshadsped

beforeheknew.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Even

lowspeed，anaccidentcouldmeanseriousinjuryforachild.用speed短語完成短文（4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Tomisacautiousdriver.Mostofthetime，hedriveshiscar______________（以……的速度）40kilometersperhour.Butthismorningtherewasaninjuredmaninhiscar，sohegradually______________（加速）andafterawhile，hebegantodrivehiscar______________（以全速）tosendtheinjuredmantothenearesthospital.upbyatataspeedofspedupatfullspeed教材原句p.45 TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.

屠呦呦和其團(tuán)隊(duì)的努力終于有了回報(bào)。10payoff（1）得到好結(jié)果，取得成功Sandraselectedtobecomeadoctorandherdeterminationpaidoff.桑德拉選擇成為一名醫(yī)生，她的決心得到了回報(bào)。（2）償清，付清Fiveyearslater，2018tobeexact，Mr.Wangpaidoffthedebtofhishouse.五年后，確切地說是2018年，王先生還清了買房子的債務(wù)。（3）付清工資后解雇Theaffairindicatesthatmoreemployeeswillbepaidoffbeforelong.這一事件表明不久后會(huì)有更多的雇員在付清工資后被解雇。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】payoff意為“得到好結(jié)果，取得成功”時(shí)，物作主語；意為“償清”時(shí)，人作主語。【歸納拓展】payback償還，報(bào)復(fù) paydown（分期或部分）支付，償還payup付清全部欠款 payfor為……付錢，為……付出代價(jià)

寫出句中payoff的含義（1）—Dad，Idon’tthinkOlivertherightsortofapersonforthejob.—Isee.Iwillgorightawayandpayhimoff.（2）MynephewstartedanewlifeinItalydespitemanyhardships，andhishardworkfinallypaidoff.

（3）Wewillhavemoremoneytospendafterwepayoffourdebt.

完成句子（4）Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhaveto

（為……付錢）it. （5）Theathlete’syearsofhardtraining

（得到回報(bào)）whenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.付清工資后解雇得到好結(jié)果償清payforpaidoff 教材原句p.45InNovember1972，throughtrialanderror，theysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu...通過反復(fù)試驗(yàn)，1972年11月，他們成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素……11errorn.錯(cuò)誤，差錯(cuò)admitanerror承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤 correctanerror改正錯(cuò)誤avoidanerror避免錯(cuò)誤 makeanerror犯錯(cuò)誤fallintoerror誤入歧途 pointoutanerror指出錯(cuò)誤throughtrialanderror反復(fù)試驗(yàn)Theaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.這宗事故是由人為過失造成的。Hereinthedayofdigital，thisisasimpletaskthatcanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.在數(shù)字化的時(shí)代，這是一項(xiàng)很容易通過反復(fù)試驗(yàn)完成的任務(wù)。

單句語法填空（1）Theaccidentwascausedby

errorofjudgmentonthepartofthepilot.（2）It’sproofthathumanscanbuildafullyfunctioningecosystemsimply

trialanderror.完成句子（3）

（通過反復(fù)試驗(yàn)），Ihavefoundaneasywayofmakingsurethateventhesmallestdetailistakencareof.anthroughThroughtrialanderror教材原句p.45 ...willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.

……將發(fā)現(xiàn)更多有益于全球醫(yī)療保健的藥物。12beneficialadj.有益的；受益的搭配：bebeneficialto對(duì)……有益Itisbeneficialtoeyesighttodoeyeexercises.做眼保健操對(duì)視力有益?！練w納拓展】benefitv.使受益；得益于n.益處，好處benefitfrom/by從……中受益，受益于…… forthebenefitof為了……的利益

【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】bebeneficialto=beofbenefitto=benefit對(duì)……有益Sunlightisbeneficialtoplants.Sunlightisofbenefittoplants.Sunlightbenefitsplants.Plantsbenefitfromsunlight.

陽光對(duì)植物有益。單句語法填空（1）Thenewhospitalwillbe

（benefit）tothelocalpoorpeople.（2）Itisevidentthatkidscanbenefit

readinglargequantitiesofbooks.完成句子（3）Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals

（為了……的利益）allofitscitizens.一句多譯（4）多讀書對(duì)我們有益。_____________________________________（beneficial）_____________________________________（benefitvt.）_____________________________________（beofbenefit）_____________________________________（benefitfrom/by）beneficialfromforthebenefitofReadingalotisbeneficialtous.Readingalotbenefitsus.Readingalotisofbenefittous.Webenefitfrom/byreadingalot.教材原句p.47 Theireffortstoconductresearchinbothfieldsmayfinallypayoff.

他們?cè)谶@兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行研究的努力可能最終得到回報(bào)。13conductv.&n.（1）v.指揮；管理；主持；實(shí)施；表現(xiàn) conductoneselfwell/badly表現(xiàn)好/差

conductanorchestra/achoir指揮管弦樂隊(duì)/合唱團(tuán) conductthecompany/interview管理公司/主持面試 conduct（=carryout）asurvey/aninvestigation開展調(diào)查 conduct（=carryout）anexperiment做實(shí)驗(yàn)

Whatannoyedhisparentswasthathedidn’tconducthimselfwellattheparty.令他父母惱火的是他在聚會(huì)上舉止不當(dāng)。Alotofresearchisbeingconductedinthisarea.很多研究工作正在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)開展。（2）n.行為，舉止，品行therulesofconduct行為準(zhǔn)則 improper/violent/offensiveconduct不恰當(dāng)?shù)?暴力的/無禮的行為【詞語積累】conductorn.指揮；售票員 搭配完成句子（1）It’snotsuitableforyouto

（舉止不雅）onsuchanoccasion.（2）

（考慮到他的行為），hisparentsforbadehimtogooutalone.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Idecidedto

（進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)）toprovemytheoryconcerninglearningefficiency. 單句語法填空（4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Experimentsofthiskind

（conduct）inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.（5）Sheranksfirstamongthecountry’sleading

（conduct）.conductyourselfbadlyInviewofhisconductconductanexperimenthadbeenconductedconductors重點(diǎn)句式教材原句p.44TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize...屠呦呦成為中華人民共和國(guó)第一位獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的女科學(xué)家……【句式分析】不定式短語toreceiveaNobelPrize作scientist的后置定語。1thefirst+n.+todo第一個(gè)做……的……當(dāng)被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，通常用不定式作后置定語。被修飾詞與不定式之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。JaneGoodallwasthefirstwomantostudytheconnectionsbetweenchimpsandhumanbeings.珍·古道爾是第一位研究黑猩猩與人類之間聯(lián)系的女性?！緦W(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】不定式作后置定語的其他情況：（1）被修飾詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或theonly，thevery，theright等修飾時(shí)；（2）表示將來的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常用不定式作后置定語；（3）名詞ability，chance，promise，opportunity，wish等常用不定式作后置定語。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.他是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.我有好消息要告訴你。Pleasegivemeachancetoexplain.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)解釋的機(jī)會(huì)。

單句語法填空（1）Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine

（reduce）theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.（2）Heisalwaysthefirst

（come）andthelast

（leave）.（3）Hewasthefirstspe