Unit7語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件冀教版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

Haveyoueverbeenabroad?HaveyoubeentoanyothercountriesinAsia?HehasbeentoeverycontinentexceptAntarctica.

Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.WehavebeenaskedtowriteareportonAsia.IwasborninEgypt.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)PresentPerfectTense一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+_______/_______+_________+其他。否定句：主語+_______/_______+_________+其他。一般疑問句：_______/_______+主語+_________+其他？肯定回答：______,主語+_______/_______.

否定回答：______,主語+_______/_______.havehasdonehaven’thasn’tHaveHasdonedoneYeshavehasNohaven’thasn’t二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意義及標(biāo)志詞1.IamsorryIhavebrokenyourcup.2.IhavelearnedEnglishforsixyears.句1體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1____________________；常與ever,never,just,already,yet,before,manytimes等連用。句2體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法2_________________；常與for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一般過去時(shí)句子，inthepastfewyears，sofar等連用發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)易混淆點(diǎn)1.have/hasbeenin;have/hasgoneto;have/hasbeento用法區(qū)別（1）--Whereisyourfather？--He_________Beijing.Hewillbebackinfourdays.（2）I____________________Beijingmanytimes.（3）I_____________________Beijingfor3years.2.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

Iborrowedthisbookfourdaysago.(改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）I____________thisbookforfourdays.hasgonetohavebeentohavebeeninhavekept3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)區(qū)別HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.表示買了且現(xiàn)在擁有HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.表示買了，但現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。被動(dòng)語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice1.a.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

b.English

isspoken(bymanypeople).2.a.TheyfoundthedinosaureggsinLiaoning.b.Thedinosaureggswerefound(bythem)inLiaoning.3.a.Wemustdosomethingtostopthepollution.

b.Somethingmustbedonetostopthepollution(byus).

(1)1a，2a，3a均是_________語態(tài)；1b,2b,3b均是__________語態(tài)。(2)被動(dòng)語態(tài)含義：表示主語是動(dòng)作的__________,一般來說，只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(3)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：________+__________.主動(dòng)被動(dòng)承受者bedone

（過去分詞）一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）含義及結(jié)構(gòu)注意：主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語動(dòng)作的承受者。如：eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主動(dòng)句).Aknifeisusedforcutting(被動(dòng)句)。二、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Hundredsoftreesareplantedinourschooleveryyear.Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.Abridgewillbebuiltinourcity.Thebridgehasbeenbuiltforthreeyears.Abridgeisbeingbuiltnowinourcity.Abridgewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.Moretreesmustbeplantednextyear.總結(jié)：（1）各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成主要體現(xiàn)在_______的變化上。be【考例1】．TheOlympicGames_________everyfouryears.[南京市]A．

areheldB．

wereheldC．a(chǎn)reholdingD．willhold【考例2】

TodayChinese_____bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.（南通市）

A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak

●一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

表示現(xiàn)在或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其構(gòu)成為：am／is／are+doneAB【考例3】一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it

________.That‘sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．[鹽城]A．polluted B．

waspolluted C．

haspolluted D．

waspollute【考例4】

Manytreesandflowers________inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．(南京)A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted●一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：was／were+doneBD【考例5】Somefamouspaintings_______inthehallnextweek.[淮安市]A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshownD.willbeshown【考例6】

Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology________

intheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（徐州市）●一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示從現(xiàn)在看將來發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:will／shallbe+done或am／is／aregoingtobe+doneDB【考例7】China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang_____GoodwillAmbassadors（親善大使）forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed

【考例8】

MyEnglishbook________.Ican’tlendittoyou.（連云港）

A.hasbeenlostB.waslostC.haslostD.lostBA●現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且該動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，此時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：have／hasbeen+doneThesportsmeetingisbeingheldinourschool.Abridgeisbeingbuiltnowinourcity.●現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:is/am/arebeing+doneAbridgewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.AstorywasbeingtoldbyPeter'smothertoPeter●過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:was/werebeing+done●含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must/can/could/may/might+be+done【考例9】Twelve-year-oldsshouldnot

todriveinChina.[揚(yáng)州]A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed【考例10】-Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage？-Alotofnewroads_____，Ithink.（蘇州）

A.havetobuildB.mustbuildC.havebuiltD.mustbebuiltDD三、注意事項(xiàng)1.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)beaskedtodobetoldtodobeinvitedtodobechosentodobeencouragedtodobeallowedtodoasksb.todotellsb.todoinvitesb.todochoosesb.todoencouragesb.todoallowsb.todo主動(dòng)被動(dòng)sb.【考例1】Studentsaretold________________(notcopy)others’homework.【考例2】張老師總是鼓勵(lì)我們盡可能多講英語。

We___________________________________EnglishasoftenaspossiblebyMr.Zhang【考例3】他們?cè)试S在這里吸煙嗎?__________they_________________smokehere?nottocopyarealwaysencouragedtospeakAreallowedto2.省略“to”的不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)【考例1】Mary___thesongeverylunchtime.(無錫市)A.heardsingB.isheardsingingC.isheardtosingD.isheardsing【考例2】ThestudentsinGrade9________theirhomeworkformorethanthreehourseveryweekend.(淮安市)A.aremadedoB.aremadetodo

C.weremadedo

D.weremadetodo

BChearsb.doseesb.dowatchsb.do.makesb.doletsbdohavesb.dofeelsbdonoticesbdo主動(dòng)被動(dòng)主動(dòng)語態(tài)中省略“to”的不定式，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加上“to”，如see、watch（看）、notice（注意）;make、let、have（讓）；hear（聽）、feel（感覺）、find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）等，口訣：三看三讓一聽一感覺一發(fā)現(xiàn)。sb.

beheardtodobeseentodobewatchedtodobemadetodobelettodobehadtodobefelttodobenoticedtodo3.帶雙賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

tellsthtosb.givesth.tosb.showsthtosb.passsth.tosb.sellsth.tosb.lendsth.tosb.bringsth.tosb.buysth.forsb.makesthforsb.betoldtosb.begiventosb.beshowntosbbepassedtosb.besoldtosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.beboughtforsb.bemadeforsb.主動(dòng)被動(dòng)sth.（點(diǎn)撥：帶雙賓語，物做主語，注意介詞to還是for）【考例1】Theresultsoftheexam_________thestudents’parentsinthreedays.A.weretoldB.weretoldtoC.willbetoldD.willbetoldto【考例2】爸爸給我做了個(gè)風(fēng)箏。Akite__________________bymyfather.Dismadeforme4.注意短語動(dòng)詞的完整性

lookforsb.lookaftersb.takecareofsb.laughatsb.speaktosb.listentosb.belookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbelaughedatbespokentobelistenedto主動(dòng)被動(dòng)【考例1】這個(gè)生病的孩子必須好好地照顧，以便他不久能去上學(xué)。

Thesickchildmust________________________sothathecangotoschoolsoon【考例2】Mustoldpeople_____politely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokenD.bespokentosb.（注意：短語動(dòng)詞中的介詞、副詞容易漏掉，須注意）betakengoodcare

ofbelookedafterwellDhandsth.insth.behandedin5.過去分詞短語作定語

過去分詞作定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞后，表示完成和被動(dòng)的意義，作用相當(dāng)于定語從句?！究祭?】Heisreadinganovel

（write）byLuXun.【考例2】Someofthepeople

(invite)tothepartycan’tcome.written(=whichwaswritten)(=whohavebeeninvited)invited6.不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況●不及物動(dòng)詞happen,takeplace(發(fā)生),breakout（爆發(fā)）comeout(出版,開花)沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)●某些感官動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞如look,sound,taste,smell,feel后加adj.做表語，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。【考例1】Thewomanstilldoesn’tknowwhat

__________

(happen)inherhometownwhileshewasaway.【考例2】Hisnewnovel

____nextmonth.A.comeoutB.willcomeoutC.willbecomeout

D.cameout【考例3】What’swrongwiththeorange?It

terrible. A.istasting B.istasted C.tastes D.tasted【考例4】Thewater

(feel)verycold.happenedCfeelsB不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況●某些可和well,easily等副詞連用的動(dòng)詞，如：sell,wash,write,ride…【考例5】Thiskindofbooks

well.They

outyesterday.A.issold,soldB.sell,soldC.issold,weresoldD.sells,weresold【考例6】Iboughtapenyesterday.It

(write)aswellasyours.●