初中英語Unit 8 Natural disasters（解析版）

第頁Unit8Naturaldisasters必備知識：單元主題：人與自然，自然與災(zāi)害。核心詞匯：本單元的重點單詞Earthquakedisastermopup，thousandsofaccidentcoachcrashflood villagelightningstormthunder，shake，silent,nervous,beat,alive,safe,asleep,rule,burn,daughter,grandson,nearly,短語：washaway，catchfire,inalldirections,comedown,findone’swayout,breakdown,calmdown,as….aspossible核心語法：1.過去進行時態(tài)2，when，while和as用法語篇文體：記敘文關(guān)鍵能力:能讀懂關(guān)于自然災(zāi)害描述的文章，能描述一次自然的災(zāi)害。學(xué)科素養(yǎng):能了解自然會給我們帶來災(zāi)害，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和語境猜測文章大意的能力。核心價值:能了解自然會給我們帶來災(zāi)害，學(xué)會一些自我保護措施。引言解讀Natureneverdeceivesus;itisalwaysuswhodeceiveourselves.釋義：大自然永遠不會欺騙我們，欺騙我們的往往是我們自己。啟示：啟示：青少年學(xué)習(xí)生活，離不開自然環(huán)境，首先我們要認識大自然，熱愛大自然，大自然中的日月星辰、江河湖海、草蟲鳥獸，都是我們家族的一份子，與自然和諧相處才能共贏，因此保護自然是我們的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。名句積累Dangersdonotnecessarilycreatedisasters,buthumannegligenceisoftenthesourceofdisasters.危險不一定制造災(zāi)難，但人的疏忽往往是災(zāi)難的源泉。2.Humannatureistotreatthemselves.人類善待自然，就是善待自己。3.Winnersneverquitandquittersneversucceed!成功者永不放棄，放棄者永不成功!4.Disasterisnotterrifying,whatisterrifyingisthelackofhopeinone'sheart.災(zāi)難并不可怕，可怕的是心中沒有了希望。主題探究“人與自然”，人是大自然創(chuàng)造的奇跡。世人離不開大自然的庇護。但是，隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，人類開始破壞大自然，地球上出現(xiàn)日益嚴重的生態(tài)問題。在這一主題引領(lǐng)下，引導(dǎo)青少年認知大自然，探究大自然，從而引導(dǎo)他們熱愛大自然，與自然和諧相處才能共贏。將保護自然當(dāng)成我們的義不容辭的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。語篇品讀Aseriousearthquakecanbeaterribleexperience,anditiseasytoforgetsafetymeasuresindisorder(混亂).Fortunately,mostearthquakesafetymeasuresarecommonsense,butifyouforgeteverythingelse,rememberthefollowinginstructions:drop,cover,andholdon.Also,mostofearthquakedeathshappenaftertheearthquake,sorememberthatthedangerdoesnotendwhentheshakingdoes!Ifyoustayindoorsduringanearthquake,moveawayfromunsupportedareasandwindows.Trytogetunderadoorwayoranotherareaofthebuildingwhichisheldupbystrongbeams(梁).Stayunderatableordeskonlyifitisverystrong.Donotrushtolifts,becauseitisfarsafertostaywhereyouare.Coveryourheadwithyourarmsarounditandcurl(蜷縮)intoaball,andwaitfortheshakingtostop.Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,movetoanarea.Whichisasopenaspossible.Don'tmovetobuildings,electricpolesandotherobjectswhichmayfallduringanearthquakeandinjureyou.Protectyourheadandstaylowtothegroundtilltheshakingendsanditissafetomove.Afteranearthquake,manybuildingsarelessstrong,althoughtheyappearsafe.Ifyoustayindoors,movepeoplefromthebuildingquicklyandhelpdisabledorinjuredpeople.Onceoutdoors,movewellawayfromthebuildingsothatifitfallsdown,youwillnotbeinjured.Waittillpublicsafetyofficialsannouncethatitissafetostayindoors.Byplanningaheadandkeepingcalmduringanearthquake,youcangreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival(生存)withoutinjury.全文翻譯嚴重的地震可能是一種可怕的經(jīng)歷，人們很容易忘記安全措施雜亂無章(混亂).幸運的是，大多數(shù)地震安全措施都是常識，但如果你忘記了其他一切，請記住以下說明：放下、蓋上和抓住。此外，大多數(shù)地震死亡都發(fā)生在地震之后，所以請記住，當(dāng)震動發(fā)生時，危險并沒有結(jié)束！如果你在地震期間呆在室內(nèi)，遠離沒有支撐的區(qū)域和窗戶。試著鉆到門口或被強梁支撐的建筑的另一個區(qū)域下面(梁).只有當(dāng)桌子或桌子很結(jié)實的時候，才可以呆在桌子或桌子下面。不要急著去電梯，因為呆在原地要安全得多。用胳膊摟住你的頭，然后卷曲(蜷縮)變成一個球，然后等待震動停止。如果你在地震期間呆在戶外，就搬到一個地方去。這是盡可能開放的。不要移動到建筑物、電線桿和其他可能在地震中墜落并對您造成傷害的物體上。保護好你的頭，低著地面，直到震動結(jié)束，可以安全移動。地震后，許多建筑物雖然看起來很安全，但強度降低了。如果你待在室內(nèi)，迅速將人們從大樓里轉(zhuǎn)移出來，并幫助殘疾人或傷者。一旦到了戶外，就要遠離建筑物，這樣如果建筑物倒塌，你就不會受傷。等到公共安全官員宣布呆在室內(nèi)是安全的。通過提前計劃和在地震中保持冷靜，你可以大大增加生存的機會(生存)沒有受傷。詞匯積累1.measures方法，措施。2commonsense常識。3.duringanearthquake在地震期間4.Coveryourheadwithyourarmsaroundit.用胳膊摟住你的頭5.outdoor戶外6.Protect保護7.appear似乎，好像8.sothat目的是，以便9.keepcalm保持冷靜題源探究★★★★☆Whatshouldyoudoifthere'sanearthquakeatschool?Howcanyouprotectyourselfwhenyouarecaughtinastampede(踩踏)?March25thisyearprovidesyouwithagoodchancetolearnaboutsafety.ThisdayiscalledtheNationalDayofEducationontheSafetyofElementaryandMiddleSchoolStudents(NDESEMSS)(全國中小學(xué)生安全教育日).Thethemeofthedaythisyearistogivestudentsmoreknowledgeaboutsafetyandmakesuretheirlivessafe.AsurveydonebytheChinaYouthandChildrenResearchCentershowedthatschoolaccidentskillmoreelementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsthananythingelse.Themainaccidentscomefromstampedes,earthquakes,firesandsportsinjuries(傷害).Whatcanwedotokeepourselvessafe?Stayingcalmisthefirstandmostimportantrulewhenfacingaccidents.Butdifferentaccidentshavedifferentself-protectionadvice.Astampedeispossibleanywhere.Thelargerahumancrowdgets,themorelikelystampedesbecome.Whenstudentsaroundyoubegintopush,standstillandtrytoholdontosomething,orstayinacorneruntilthecrowdleaves.Ifyoufalldowninamovingcrowd,coveryourheadwithbothhands.Leantooneside,curlupyourbodyandbendyourlegs.Earthquakesarecommonnaturaldisasters(災(zāi)難).Whenyoufeelthegroundshake,dropdown,takecoverunderadeskandholdon.Youshouldstayindoorsuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareoutdoors,don'tstaynearbuildings,treesorpowerlines.Whenthere'safire,followtheteacher'sinstructions,leavetheclassroomquicklyanduseapieceofclothtocoveryourmouthandnosesothatyoudon'tbreatheinsmoke全文翻譯如果學(xué)校發(fā)生地震，你該怎么辦？當(dāng)你遇到踩踏事件時，你如何保護自己?今年3月25日為您提供了一個學(xué)習(xí)安全知識的好機會。這一天被稱為全國中小學(xué)生安全教育日.今年這一天的主題是讓學(xué)生們更多地了解安全，確保他們的生命安全。中國青少年研究中心的一項調(diào)查顯示，中小學(xué)生死于校園事故的人數(shù)比其他任何事情都多。主要事故來自踩踏、地震、火災(zāi)和運動傷害.我們能做些什么來保證自己的安全？面對事故時，保持冷靜是第一條也是最重要的規(guī)則。但不同的事故有不同的自我保護建議。踩踏事件在任何地方都有可能發(fā)生。人群越大，踩踏的可能性就越大。當(dāng)你周圍的學(xué)生開始推搡時，站著不動，試著抓住什么東西，或者呆在角落里，直到人群離開。如果你在移動的人群中摔倒，用雙手捂住你的頭。身體向一側(cè)傾斜，蜷縮身體，彎曲雙腿。地震是常見的自然災(zāi)害.當(dāng)你感覺到地面震動時，放下，躲在桌子下面抓住。你應(yīng)該呆在室內(nèi)，直到震動停止。如果你在戶外，不要呆在建筑物、樹木或電線附近。發(fā)生火災(zāi)時，聽從老師的指示，迅速離開教室，用一塊布蓋住口鼻，以免吸入煙霧句式仿寫1.今天的主題是，促進（promote）學(xué)生們認識自己。（thetheme…..isto）__________________________________________________________________________________________2.面對事故時，保持冷靜是第一條也是最重要的規(guī)則。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.發(fā)生火災(zāi)時，聽從老師的指示.____________________________________________________________________________________________拓展閱讀Passage1主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害環(huán)境變化給我們帶來的災(zāi)難。2446min★★★☆☆A(yù)ccordingtoanewscientificresearch,wearerapidlygoingclosetomajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsontheenvironmentcouldbequiteserious.Geographerspredictthatclimatezonescouldcompletelydisappearwithinthenexteightyyears.Wherewillcropsbegrownifthishappens?Whentheclimatechangesalot,polarregionswillgetcolderandtropicalregionswillgetevenhotter.Asaresult,wherewillanimalsbeforcedtomoveontheearth?Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricanes(颶風(fēng))willnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomestronger.Ifthechangescometooquickly,animalsandplantsmaynotbeabletoadapt(適應(yīng))rightawayandcoulddisappearfromtheearth.AccordingtoScienceDaily,anewstudypredictsthat,bytheyear2100,manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbetakenplacebyclimateunknownintoday’sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksoffar-reachingresultsforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004,ahugetsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008,thousandsmorediedinChinainanotherbigearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdestroyedseriouslyandbecameruinsin2010byanotherbigearthquake.Notlongago,scientistsdiscoveredicemelting(融化)inwestAntarctica(南極洲).Thisisveryworryingbecausetemperaturesinthisareahaveremainedratherconstant(不斷的)andactuallyevenlowerattime.Meltingoccurswhentemperaturesincreaseandsincetemperatureshaveremained,theiceshouldnotbemelting.However,satellitedata(數(shù)據(jù))showsmeltingaroundwestAntarctica.Withinjustthelastfewmonths,newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslyexpected.Atthispoint,itdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingit,butrather,whatcanbedoneaboutit.Ontheotherhand,ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstable(不穩(wěn)定)everyyear.Naturaldisasters(災(zāi)難)arebecomingmorefrequent(頻繁的)andserious.However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionsbetweenthese.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.1．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardtheclimatechanges?A．Weshouldobservethegreatchangesoftheclimatecarefully.B．Wemustconnectwithotherplanetstopreventtheclimatechanges.C．Weshouldtryourbesttodosomethingagainsttheclimatechanges.D．Weneedtodiscoverwhatcausestheclimatechangesfirstofall.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tropical”mean?A．coldanddry B．coolandwetC．hotandwet D．warmanddry3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Collectingmoredatawillhelpustosolvetheproblem.B．Theclimatewillbemuchbetterthanwehaveexpected.C．Earthquakescanbeavoidedinafewyears’time.D．TheiceinwestAntarcticawillstopmeltinginthefuture.4．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Ittellsushowtoprotecttheenvironmentoftheearth.B．Ittalksaboutthebadeffectsoftheclimatechanges.C．Itshowsushowtopreventdiseasesfromspreading.D．Itdescribeswhatweshoulddowiththeearthquakes.【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．B【解析】試題分析：本文主要講述環(huán)境變化給我們帶來的災(zāi)難。熱帶風(fēng)暴和颶風(fēng)增加，地震頻繁，南極冰雪加速融化等等，災(zāi)難變得越來越頻繁和嚴重。1．C考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Ifthechangescometooquickly,animalsandplantsmaynotbeabletoadapt(適應(yīng))rightawayandcoulddisappearfromtheearth.可知選C。2．C考查詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文polarregionswillgetcolder（極地會更冷）和getevenhotter（更熱）可知選C。3．A考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中最后一句Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.及語境理解可知選A。4．B考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容可知本文主要講述氣候變化帶來惡果。故選B。Passage2主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害保護環(huán)境2255min★★★☆☆語法填空Ahurricane(颶風(fēng))isahugestormthatformsoverwarmoceanwater.Hurricaneshavewindsthatmoveinacircle.Hurricanewindsareverypowerful(強大的)andcanmoveatspeedsfrom120km/h___1___over300km/h.Thecentreofhurricanewinds___2___(call)theeye.Windsintheeyearenotverystrong.Aroundtheeyeisanareacalledtheeyewall,thewalliswherewindsare___3___(strong)andrainistheheaviest.Strongwindsandheavyraincan___4___(do)alotofdamage(破壞)whenahurricanemovesoverland.Hurricanewindscanbestrongenough___5___(break)windowsintopieces.Thewindscanevenknockovertall___6___(tree),whichmightfallonbuildingsorcars.Strongwindscanpickupobjectsandsend___7___(they)intotheair,withcausingdamage.Heavyrainfromahurricanecancausefloodsinareasthatarenotclosetoacoast.Thefloodwatercanbeverydeep.Itsometimes___8___(reach)almostuptothetopofhouses.Watergoesintothehouses__9___(quick)anddoesalotofdamage.Woodenstructures(結(jié)構(gòu))mightnotbesafeafteraflood.___10____thereisnowaytostopahurricane,youcangetpreparedforit.【答案】1.to2.iscalled3.thestrongest4.do5.tobreak6.trees7.them8.reaches9.quickly10.Although##Though閱讀微技能1.Skim略讀Youcanfindmainideasbyfirsttakingaquicklookatthetitle,picture(s),keywordsandphrases,andtopicsentences.2.Findthetopicsentence找主題句Thetopicsentenceisnormally,butnotalways,thefirstsentenceofaparagraph.Itgivesthemainideaoftheparagraph.3.Detailreading用定位的方法解題Findtheanswerstothequestionsbylocatingthekeywordsintheoriginaltext.Passage1主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害太陽風(fēng)暴2586min★★★★☆I(lǐng)magineaperfectday:theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When,suddenly,yourmobilephonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened?Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太陽風(fēng)暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday,asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents,suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）largeexplosions（爆炸）nearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystemsthatcontrolourcomputers,telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay,2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.“Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe’veseeninthepast.We’renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower,itcouldbehalfofthecountry,maybemore.”SolarStormW,aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather,warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm,althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.1.Whataresolarflaresaccordingtothepassage?A.Telecomnetworks. B.Solarstorms.C.Largeexplosionsnearthesun. D.USwebsites.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signal”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Electricity. B.Music. C.Light. D.Sign.3.Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings?①Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.

②Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.③Solarstormshappen.

④Satellitesystemsarestopped.A.①②③④ B.①③④② C.③①②④ D.③②①④4.WhydidtheradioandsatellitesignalsgodowninsomenortherncitiesinChinainFebruary,2011?A.Becauseastrongsunflarehappened. B.Becauseanearthquakehappened.C.Becauseasolarstormstopped. D.Becausethesatellitesystemsdidn’twork.5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Askingpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.B.Tellingpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.C.Callingforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.D.Introducingwhatsolarstormsaretopeople.【答案】CDBAD【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的自然災(zāi)害——太陽風(fēng)暴。太陽風(fēng)暴是由太陽耀斑引起的，它發(fā)生時會干擾網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信系統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致斷網(wǎng)，斷電，手機沒信號等。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares:largeexplosionsnearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.”可知，太陽風(fēng)暴是太陽附近的大爆炸，故選C。2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“yourmobilephonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.”可知這個時候電視沒有節(jié)目，電腦不能上網(wǎng)，可推知此處指手機沒有信號，劃線單詞意為：信號，與sign同義。故選D。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares(太陽耀斑):largeexplosions(爆炸)nearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy…Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.”可知太陽風(fēng)暴是由太陽耀斑引起的，太陽附近產(chǎn)生大爆炸，釋放大量的能量，這個強大的能量阻止衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，這些衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)控制我們的電腦，所以太陽風(fēng)暴之后會造成不能上網(wǎng)。故正確的順序是先發(fā)生太陽耀斑，太陽耀斑引起太陽風(fēng)暴，之后產(chǎn)生的能量會阻止衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，進而造成不能上網(wǎng)。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay,2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.”可知，2011年2月，中國北方一些城市的無線電和衛(wèi)星信號下降，因為發(fā)生了強烈的太陽耀斑。故選A。5.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了太陽風(fēng)暴以及其造成的后果。故選D。Passage2主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害自我保護2286min★★★☆☆I(lǐng)twasadarkSeptembermorning.Therewasastormatsea.Ashiphittherocksandwas_____1____intwobythewaves,andhalfofithadbeenwashedaway.Theotherhalfstilllayontherock,andthoseofthecrew(全體船員)whowerestill_____2_____wereingreatdanger.However,waveswerebreakingoverit,andsoonitwouldalsobecarriedtotheseabottom.Ononeoftheislandstherewasalighthouse.Gracewasthe____3____ofthelighthousekeeperandshehadlivedbesidetheseafrombirth.Inthedarknessofthenight,abovethenoiseofthewaves,she____4____wildcries.Whendaylightcame,shesawthepoorsailors.“Wemusttrytosavethem!”shesaidtoherfather,thelighthousekeeper.“Let’sgooutonboat_____5_____!”Grace’sfathersaidthatitwas_____6____becausethewavesweretoostrong.However,Gracesaid,“Wecan’tjust____7____hereandwatchthemdie.”Herfatherknewshewasright.Inafewminutestheywerereadyandthey____8_____intheheavylighthouseboat.Itwasvery____9_____toreachthemen,butfinallythebravegirlandherfathermadeit.Onebyone,theyhelpedthecold,tiredsailorsontotheboat.Andsoontheywereallsafe.Gracetookgoodcareofthemenuntilthestormdiedawayandtheywere____10_____enoughtogototheirownhomes.Thishappenedalongtimeago,butthenameGraceDarlingwillnotbeforgotten.1.A.beat B.burned C.broken D.developed2.A.sick B.alive C.silent D.swimming3.A.wife B.mother C.daughter D.grandmother4.A.hated B.heard C.avoided D.remembered5.A.quickly B.simply C.loudly D.suddenly6.A.right B.great C.useless D.weak7.A.fight B.leave C.live D.stay8.A.foundout B.setout C.workedout D.pointedout9.A.easy B.hard C.strange D.helpful10.A.rich B.brave C.strong D.careful【答案】1.C2.B3C4.B5.A6.C7.D8.B9.B10.C【解析】本文講述了海洋發(fā)生了暴風(fēng)雨，有一條船在撞到海島的一個巖石上被海浪撞破，全體船員處于危險之中，有一位名叫格蕾絲的女孩和她爸爸英勇的拯救船員的故事。1.句意：它被海浪拍打成兩半，一半被沖走了。beat擊敗，敲打；burned燃燒；broken損壞；developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)“Therewasastormatsea...intwobythewaves,andhalfofithadbeenwashedaway”可知表達船被海浪破壞成了兩半，用動詞“broken”。故選C。2.句意：那些還活著的船員處于極大的危險之中。sick生病的；alive活著的；silent沉默的；swimming游泳。根據(jù)“wereingreatdanger”可知表達活著的人處于危險之中，用形容詞“alive”。故先B。3.句意：格蕾絲是燈塔看守人的女兒，她一生都住在海邊。wife妻子；mother媽媽；daughter女兒；grandmother祖母。根據(jù)后文“shesaidtoherfather—thelighthousekeeper”可知，格蕾絲是燈塔看守人的女兒，用名詞“daughter”。故選C。4.句意：在黑暗的夜晚，在狂風(fēng)巨浪的喧鬧聲中，她聽到了狂野的哭聲。hated討厭；heard聽到；avoided避免；remembered記得。根據(jù)“wildcries”可知表達聽到哭聲，用動詞“heard”。故選B。5.句意：我們馬上坐船出去吧！quickly快；simply簡單地；loudly大聲；suddenly突然。根據(jù)“Wemusttrytosavethem”可知表達快速坐船出去，用副詞“quickly”。故選A。6.句意：格蕾絲的父親說那是沒有用的，因為海浪太大了。right正確的；great好的，偉大的；useless無用的；weak虛弱的。根據(jù)“becausethewavesweretoostrong”可知表達海浪太大，馬上坐船出去是無用的，用形容詞“useless”。故選C。7.句意：我們不能只是待在這里看著他們死。fight打架；leave離開；live居住；stay待。根據(jù)前文“becausethewavesweretoostrong”及“hereandwatchthemdie”可知，表達海浪大待在這里看著他們死，用動詞“stay”。故選D。8.句意：幾分鐘他們就準(zhǔn)備好了，他們坐著很重的燈塔船出發(fā)。foundout弄清楚；setout出發(fā)；workedout研究出；pointedout指出。根據(jù)前文“theywereready”可知講述他們準(zhǔn)備好然后坐船出發(fā)，用短語“setout”。故選B。9.句意：抵達那群人那里很難，但最后勇敢的女孩和她的父親成功了。easy容易的；hard難的；strange奇怪的；helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)前文“becausethewavesweretoostrong”可知海浪很大所以抵達那里是很難的，用形容詞“hard”。故選B。10.句意：格蕾絲照顧他們直到暴風(fēng)雨消散，他們康復(fù)的足夠強壯才回到他們自己的家。rich富裕的；brave勇敢的；strong強壯的；careful細心的。根據(jù)“Shetookgoodcareofthemen”可推測，身體足夠好才回家，用形容詞“strong”。故選C。Passage3主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害自然災(zāi)害2796min★★★☆☆EffectsofGlobalWarmingSomeeffectsofincreasingtemperaturesarehappening.●IceismeltingfromtheNorthPoletotheSouthPole,andeverywhereinbetween.Thisincludesmountainglaciers(冰川),icesheets(冰蓋)coveringWestAntarcticaandGreenland,andArcticseaice.●ResearcherBillFraserhasfoundthatthepenguins(企鵝)inAntarcticaarereducing.Theirnumbershavefallenfrom32,000pairsto11,000in30years.●Sealevelrisehasbecomefasteroverthelastcentury.●Someinsects,animalsandplantshavemovedfarthernorthortohigherandcoolerareas.●Rainandsnowfallhaveincreasedaroundtheworld.●SomeharmfulinsectshavedevelopedinAlaskabecauseof20yearsofwarmsummers.Theinsectshavedestroyedforestsofmorethan16thousandsquarekilometres.Othereffectscouldhappenlaterthiscentury,ifwarmingcontinues.●Sealevelsareexpectedtorisebetween7and23inches(18and59centimetres)bytheendofthecentury,andcontinuedmeltingatthepolescouldaddbetween4and8inches(10to20centimetres).●Typhoonsandotherstormsmaybecomestronger.●Floodsanddroughtswillbecomemorecommon.RainfallinEthiopia,wheredroughtsarealreadycommon,couldreduceby10%overthenext50years.●Lessfreshwaterwillbedrinkable.IftheicecapinPerucontinuestomeltatitsspeed,itwillbegoneby2100,leavingthousandsofpeoplewithoutdrinkingwaterandelectricity.●Somediseaseswillspreadallovertheworld.●Somecreaturescoulddieout.WildliferesearchscientistMartynObbardhasfoundthatsincethemid-1980s,withlessiceonwhichtoliveandfishforfood,polarbearshavegottenthinnerandweaker.Hefearsthatifseaicedisappears,thepolarbearswillaswell.1Thenumberofthepenguinswas______30yearsago.A.11,000 B.22,000 C.32,000 D.64,0002Thesealevel___________overthelastcentury.A.hasdroppedfasterB.hasdroppedslowerC.hasrisenfasterD.hasn’tchanged3.SomeharmfulinsectsinAlaskalike__________environment.A.warmB.coldC.cleanD.dirty4IftheicecapinPerudisappears,peoplewillhaveno_______.A.drinkingwaterandelectricityB.drinkingwaterandfoodC.foodandelectricityD.drinkingwater,foodandelectricity5Whatmayhappeniftheglobalwarmingcontinues?A.Theforestswilldisappearbecauseofharmfulinsects.B.Naturaldisasterswillbemoreserious.C.Polarbearswillallbekilledbyhumans.D.Diseaseswillmaketheanimalsdieout.【答案】DCAAB【解析】本文介紹如果全球氣候還在變暖的話，將會產(chǎn)生一些嚴重的后果。1.細節(jié)理解題。從Theirnumbershavefallenfrom32,000pairsto11,000in30years.30年來，它們的數(shù)量從3.2萬對降至1.1萬對?？芍鸢高xD2.細節(jié)理解題。Sealevelsareexpectedtorisebetween7and23inches(18and59centimetres)bytheendofthecentury,andcontinuedmeltingatthepolescouldaddbetween4and8inches(10to20centimetres).到本世紀末，海平面預(yù)計將上升7至23英寸（18至59厘米），兩極的持續(xù)融化可能會增加4至8英寸（10至20厘米）。故答案選C3.推理判斷題。從SomeharmfulinsectshavedevelopedinAlaskabecauseof20yearsofwarmsummers.Theinsectshavedestroyedforestsofmorethan16thousandsquarekilometres.由于20年的溫暖夏季，一些有害昆蟲已經(jīng)在阿拉斯加出現(xiàn)。這些昆蟲摧毀了超過1.6萬平方公里的森林?？梢耘袛噙@些害蟲喜歡溫暖的氣候。答案A4.細節(jié)理解題。IftheicecapinPerucontinuestomeltatitsspeed,itwillbegoneby2100,leavingthousandsofpeoplewithoutdrinkingwaterandelectricity.如果秘魯?shù)谋w繼續(xù)以其速度融化，它將在2100年消失，導(dǎo)致數(shù)千人沒有飲用水和電力。答案選A45.細節(jié)判斷題?！馮yphoonsandotherstormsmaybecomestronger.臺風(fēng)和其他風(fēng)暴可能會變得更強?！馞loodsanddroughtswillbecomemorecommon.洪水和干旱將變得更加常見可知答案選BPassage4主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自然自然災(zāi)害自然災(zāi)害2356min★★★★☆Therearemanydifferentkindsofdisastersaroundtheworld.Asanadultyouknowwhattododuringadisaster,butwhataboutthechildren?Someadultsthinkitwouldprobablyneverhappentothem,sotheydon’tteachtheirchildrenwhattodo.Beforeit’stoolate,herearewaystohelpyouprepareyourchildforadisaster:Educate:Itisalwaysgoodtoletyourchildknowaboutpossibledisasters.Thisdoesn’tmeanchildrenhavetoliveinfear.Whenteachingthemaboutdisasters,keeptheconversationpositivebytellingthemthereisasolutiontothedisaster.Keeptheconversationsshort,allowforquestionsandanswerhonestly.Prepare:Alwaysbeprepared;thatisthebestadviceforchildren.Forexample,whenpreparingforbadweather,getthetoolsyouneed,likecandles,radios,food,waterandmedicine.Teachyourchildwhatisneededincertaindisasterssothattheyknowwhatisavailableforthem,ifeverneeded.Plan:Youshouldalwayshaveaplanforyouandyourchildforanydangeroussituation.Writeoutasimplelistthattheycanread.Theplancouldstartwith“l(fā)istentoanadult’sadviceand/orcall119”.Practise:Onceyouhavegotthecorrectsafetytoolsandworkedouttherightplan,practiseeveryfewmonths.Practisingwhattododuringadisasterwithyourchildwillhelpthemifthetimecomes.Disasterscan’tbeavoidedbuttheycanbelessened（減輕）onceyouarepreparedandreadyforone.1Whatdoestheunderlinedword“positive”inParagraph2meaninChinese?A.可怕的 B.積極的 C.沮喪的 D.普通的2Whatisthecorrectthingtodoforadults?A.Havepositiveconversationswithchildren. B.Trynottotalkaboutdisasterswithchildren.C.Makethechildrenscaredofdisasters. D.Askchildrenlotsofquestions.3WhatisNOTsuggesteddoing?A.Rememberingwhatisneededincertaindisasters.B.Gettingthechildrentoknowtheplanwell.C.Helpingpeopleindi