浙江省舟山市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題

舟山市2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)高二英語試題卷考生須知：本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。請(qǐng)考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。第I卷(選擇題)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題紙上。2.選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題紙上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。做在試題卷上無效。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaprintingshop.B.Atabookstore.C.Inalibrary2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewcoworker.B.Atalentshow.C.Acareerambition.3.WhyhasJimeatenjustalittlebitoffriedchicken?A.He’snothungry.B.He’srushingtowork.C.He’stryinganewdiet.4.WhatwillLucydonext?A.Walkhome.B.Catchthebus.C.Lookforhernotebook.5.Howdoesthegirlfeelabouthernewteacher?A.Shefeelsbetter.B.Sheadmireshim.C.Sheisdissatisfied.第二節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whichjacketwillthewomanchoosetowear?A.Theblackone.B.Theblueone.C.Thegreenone.7Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Gotothemovies.B.BuyMaryadress.C.Attendabirthdayparty.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhoisMaryprobablyspeakingto?A.Herworkmate.B.Herclient.C.Herhusband.9.What’swrongwiththeman’ssparelaptop?A.It’smissing.B.Ithasavirus.C.Itneedsrepair.10.What’sMarygoingtodo?A.TurntoLisaforhelp.B.Contactherfamily.C.Buyanewlaptop.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WhathappenedtoAlexonthewaytotheinterview?A.Hiscarbrokedown.B.Hegotstuckintraffic.C.Abusstruckhiscar.12.HowdidtheHRmanagerreacttoAlex’sexplanation?A.Hewasquiteangry.B.Hewasunderstanding.C.Hefeltembarrassed.13.WhatdidthewomanthinkofAlex’saccident?A.IttaughtAlexagoodlesson.B.Itwashandledinawrongway.C.Itcouldhavebeenavoided.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Dan.B.Julie.C.Jane.15.Whenwilltheguestsarrive?A.At4:00.B.At5:00.C.At6:00.16.Whathasbeenpreparedfortheparty?A.Aspecialcakeandmusic.B.Freedrinksanddancing.C.Candlesandfreedrinks.17.Whathappenedinthepartylastyear?A.Thebuildingcaughtfire.B.Thepolicecame.CTheneighborsdranktoomuch.第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whattroubledidthespeakerusetohave?A.Havingtoomuchmeat.B.Lackingenergyforexercise.C.Feelingbadabouthisbody.19.Whatisthespeaker’scurrentweight?A.70kg.B.90kg.C.110kg.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Toaskforweightlossways.B.Toremendaclub.C.Tointroduceagooddiet.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAttendWomenatWorkLiveMay16We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.Here’stheagenda:ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.OrganizationalpsychologistRuchiSinha’slatestresearchfindingsontrust:howtomeasuretheamountfeltbetweenteammembers,andwhattodoifit’simbalanced.Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.Emailyourquestionaheadoftimetowomenatwork@,ordropitintothechatduringthesession.Ticketsare$60forHarvardBusinessReviewsubscribersand$75foreveryoneelse.Aticketwillalsogiveyouaccesstoareplayoftheeventrecording.Registerhere.Interestedinbuyingabunchofticketsforyourteam,department,orentirepany?EmailWAWLive@tolearnaboutgroupdiscounts.Seeyouthere!1.Whatkindofactivityis“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Apanyanniversary. B.Avirtuallearningevent.C.Awomen’srightscharity. D.Anonlinepoliticalproject.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofattending“WomenatWorkLive”?A.ObtainingguidanceonteamleadershipfromTheAmys.B.ReceivingafreesubscriptiontoHarvardBusinessReview.C.GaininginsightsintoambitionmanagementfromDorieClark.D.LearningabouttheroleofdatainaddressingdiscriminationfromLilyZheng.3.Whatistheoverallthemeofthe“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Toenhanceleadershipskillsforwomeninbusiness.B.Topromotediversityandinclusionintheworkplace.C.Toprovideguidanceandinspirationforprofessionalwomen.D.Todiscussthelatestresearchinorganizationalpsychology.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)“職場(chǎng)女性直播”的虛擬學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.(我們計(jì)劃了半天的學(xué)習(xí)、指導(dǎo)和靈感——都是虛擬的)”可知，“職場(chǎng)女性直播”是虛擬學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.(高管教練DorieClark告訴你，無論你是在努力升職，還是在努力休息，都要帶著你現(xiàn)在的雄心壯志工作)”；第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.(此外，她還將解釋在不同類型的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格之間轉(zhuǎn)換的好處，并舉例說明DEI策略師LilyZheng如何利用數(shù)據(jù)的力量糾正歧視，設(shè)計(jì)公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的進(jìn)步)”以及第四段“TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.(在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊(duì)、處理沖突、談判或其他方面，你和其他與會(huì)者需要的任何指導(dǎo)都可以獲得TheAmys的指導(dǎo))”可知，免費(fèi)訂閱《哈佛商業(yè)評(píng)論》不是參加“職場(chǎng)女性直播”的好處。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.(高管教練DorieClark告訴你，無論你是在努力升職，還是在努力休息，都要帶著你現(xiàn)在的雄心壯志工作。她會(huì)幫助你認(rèn)識(shí)到什么時(shí)候最好放慢速度，什么時(shí)候最好加快速度)”以及第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.(此外，她還將解釋在不同類型的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格之間轉(zhuǎn)換的好處，并舉例說明DEI策略師LilyZheng如何利用數(shù)據(jù)的力量糾正歧視，設(shè)計(jì)公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的進(jìn)步。他們還會(huì)描述公司正在采取的積極和消極的行動(dòng)，以及如何對(duì)你的公司產(chǎn)生影響)”可知，“職場(chǎng)女性直播”的總體主題是為職業(yè)女性提供指導(dǎo)和激勵(lì)。故選C。BOncetherewasalittleboy,GeorgeHarper,whowaslivingwithhisuncle,Johnny,andhisaunt,Nancyafterhisparentswentmissing.George’sparentsweregeologistsandneverreturnedfromanadventurousexpeditiontripandwerebelievedtobedead.LittleHarperwaslovedalotbyhisuncleJohnnyasheandNancyhadnochild,soJohnnyalwaystookgoodcareofGeorgeashisownsonbutyethisauntNancyneverlikedhim.Georgewasveryshyandbarelyusedtotalkingwithanybody.Buthehadafriendfromhisneighborhood,GraceGreen,thedaughterofadistinguishedandweirdphysicsprofessor.Mr.Greenwasaweirdmanandwantedtobuildatimemachine.Afterdoinghisdayjobasaheadlectureratthefamouscityuniversity,hespenthiswholenightdoingweirdexperimentsinhishomelaboratory.TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.HisweirdexperimentswerethemainreasonthatletMr.Green’swifeleavehimandstartedlivingwithherparents,butGracedecidedtolivewithherdad.ButGeorgewasveryfondofwatchingthecoloredlightsingfromMr.Green’shouse.HewastheonlypersonwhomMr.GreenhadallowedtoenterhishouseandevenhislaboratoryasGeorgeneverdoubtedMr.Green’sambitions.Heusedtoaskmanyquestionsrelatedtotheexperiments.Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.4.Wherecouldyoufindthepassage?A.Inafashionmagazine. B.Onafictionwebsite.C.Inasciencetextbook. D.Inanacademicjournal.5.HowdidtheneighborsreacttoMr.Green’sexperiments?A.Theywerefascinatedbythecoloredlights.B.Theywereannoyedbythenoiseandsmoke.C.TheysupportedMr.Green’sambitions.D.TheywerejealousofMr.Green’sscientificachievements.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Therewasanaturaldisasterthatdestroyedthehouse.B.TheexperimentcameintoeffectwiththehelpofGeorge.C.Theymighttravelthroughtimeforthetimemachineworked.D.Mr.Greenkeptagoodbalancebetweenworkandfamily.7.Whatmightbethemostpossiblesubsequencetothisstory?A.George’sunclefoundoutwhathappenedtothem.B.Mr.Greenreturnedwithafullyfunctionaltimemachine.C.Georgemethisparentsinadifferenttimeperiod.D.TheneighborsorganizedasearchpartyforMr.Green’shouse.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了從前有個(gè)小男孩，名叫喬治·哈珀，父母失蹤后，他和叔叔約翰尼、嬸嬸南希住在一起。喬治的鄰居朋友格蕾絲·格林想造一臺(tái)時(shí)光機(jī)，格林也答應(yīng)喬治不久的將來，他會(huì)用他的時(shí)光機(jī)帶他去見他的父母?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了從前有個(gè)小男孩，名叫喬治·哈珀，父母失蹤后，他和叔叔約翰尼、嬸嬸南希住在一起。喬治的鄰居朋友格蕾絲·格林想造一臺(tái)時(shí)光機(jī)，格林也答應(yīng)喬治不久的將來，他會(huì)用他的時(shí)光機(jī)帶他去見他的父母?？赏浦恼逻x自小說網(wǎng)站。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.(格林先生的鄰居們受夠了每天晚上從他家里冒出來的彩燈和煙霧)”可知，鄰居們對(duì)噪音和煙霧感到厭煩。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生很高興地回答了喬治提出的每一個(gè)好奇的問題，并告訴喬治他已經(jīng)研究多年的秘密時(shí)光機(jī)項(xiàng)目。格林先生還答應(yīng)小喬治，不久的將來，他會(huì)用他的時(shí)光機(jī)帶他去見他的父母)”以及最后一段“ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(有一天，整個(gè)社區(qū)的人都聚集在格林先生的房子周圍?？吹礁窳窒壬姆孔舆B同格林先生、格蕾絲和小喬治一起消失，大家都很震驚)”可知，他們可能穿越時(shí)間，因?yàn)闀r(shí)間機(jī)器工作了。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生還答應(yīng)小喬治，不久的將來，他會(huì)用他的時(shí)光機(jī)帶他去見他的父母)”以及最后一段“EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(看到格林先生的房子連同格林先生、格蕾絲和小喬治一起消失，大家都很震驚)”可知，這個(gè)故事最可能的結(jié)局是喬治在不同的時(shí)期遇到了他的父母。故選C。CAsmileyfaceisnotalwaysjustasmileyface.Behindtheyellow,wideeyedemoji’ssmileisanintergenerationalminefield.Formanyteenagersand20somethings,asmileyfacepoppingupinatextoremailisseenassomethingdifferent.HafeezatBishi,21,startedaninternship(實(shí)習(xí))ataBrooklyndigitalmediafirm.Shewassurprisedtobegreetedbyhercoworkerswithabrightsmileyface.ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.Theriseoftheuseofemojisatwork,especiallybetweenremoteteamsduringthepandemic,hascreatedmoremisunderstandingsthanever.Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”CharlieNelsonKeever,a31yearoldlawyerintheSanFranciscoBayArea,spendsalotoftimeanalyzingsocialmediaaccountstopiecetogetherlegalcases.Itwaswhileresearchingnarrativesandtimelinesonacasethatitdawnedonherthatyoungpeopledon’tusesmileyfacestomeantheyaresmiling.ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbytheundertoneswhichsomeemojiscarryforthatgeneration.Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.8.HowdidBishiunderstandthesmileyfacefromhercoworkers?A.Aninsinceregreeting. B.Adynamicgreeting.C.Anindifferentgreeting. D.Agenuinegreeting.9.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A.Youngpeopleuseskullandcrossbonestoconveydeathtoadults.B.Thepandemichaslargelybroughtabouttheincreasinguseofemojis.C.Emojisareoftenusedtoexpressironicthoughtsbyolderpeople.D.Misunderstandingsofemojismayoccurduetotheintergenerationalgap.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undertone”inparagraph5mean?A.answer B.implication C.image D.signal11.WhydoesKeeverwanttohaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicate?A.Tocatchupwiththelatestfashionpulse.B.Tolineupwithwhatpeoplechatonline.C.Toputupwithfeelingoldwhengooglingemojis.D.Tokeepupwiththewaydigitalnativesmunicate.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章舉例說明了不同年代的人對(duì)表情符號(hào)的理解不同，因此容易造成一些誤解?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.(對(duì)Bishi來說，這種歡迎似乎是輕蔑的，她認(rèn)為表情符號(hào)傳達(dá)了一種側(cè)眼微笑)”可知，Bishi認(rèn)為同事的笑臉是不真誠的問候。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”(30歲以上的人傾向于用表情符號(hào)來表達(dá)圖片的含義，但年輕的數(shù)字原住民可能會(huì)用它們來表達(dá)諷刺的意思，或者用它們來表達(dá)完全不同的想法。例如，對(duì)許多成年人來說，頭骨和交叉的骨頭意味著死亡或危險(xiǎn)，而許多年輕人說，對(duì)他們來說，這意味著笑得非常厲害——就像“我快要笑死了?！?”可知，代際差異可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)表情符號(hào)的誤解。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbythe”以及后文“Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.(在它的臉上，一個(gè)戴著帽子咧嘴笑著的牛仔表情符號(hào)，可以象征一種特殊的、古怪的、傻笑的幸福。但對(duì)許多Z世代的人來說，這意味著寄件人是在裝樣子，外表微笑，內(nèi)心死亡)”可知，表情符號(hào)存在潛在的其他含義，即她問了一個(gè)Z世代的朋友，被一些Z世代的表情符號(hào)所包含的潛在含義所迷惑。故劃線詞意思是“暗指，暗示”。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.(Keever覺得她應(yīng)該掌握人們?nèi)绾卧诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上交流的脈搏?！皼]有什么比在谷歌上搜索表情符號(hào)的含義更讓人覺得自己老了，”她說)”可知，Keever想要掌握人們?nèi)绾螠贤ǖ拿}搏以跟上數(shù)字原生代的交流方式。故選D。DIt’sinthedirtontheground,thedebris(碎片)onyourroof,andthedustthatticklesyournose—tinypiecesof“cosmicdust”,everywhere.Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微隕石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.Oncetheparticlessettletotheground,theycanbefoundanywhere;theycouldbesittingonyourclothesrightnow.Butdespitetheirwidespreadpresence,findingcosmicdustisn’teasy.OneplacethattheparticlesshowupmoreeasilyisAntarctica.Aroundadecadeago,MattewGengeatImperialCollegeLondonspentsevenweekssearchingforandcollectingdustthere.ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.Thatmakesiteasiertodeterminehowlongcosmicdusthasbeencollectingandgivesresearchersinsightintowhatotherparticlesmightbepresentinthedusttheycollect.ThisallowsthemtomoreefficientlyremovetheEarthstuff,andfocusonthespacestuff.Eachyear,approximately100billionparticlesofspacedustlandonEarth,carryingsecretsfromasteroidsandofferingglimpsesintotheformationofgalaxies.Thesemicrometeoritesnotonlycontainwaterbutalsoorganicmolecules(分子);theypotentiallyserveasthebuildingblocksforlifeonEarth.Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutcosmicdust?A.Thedustisveryeasytocollectbecauseitiswidespread.B.MattewGengefailedtocollectthedustaroundtenyearsago.C.Alltinypiecesofcosmicdustarenotfrometsandasteroids.D.Antarcticaistheonlyplacewherethedustshowsupmoreeasily.13.PennychosetoresearchontheroofsofoldcathedralsforthereasonsEXCEPT__________.A.theyoftenhavewellpreservedrecordsofmaintenanceandcleaningB.theyaremoreefficientforresearcherstomaketheEarthstuffremovedC.theyaremoreancientandundisturbedthanbuildingsbuiltinmoderntimesD.theyarelessexpensiveandplicatedtoapproachthantravellingtoAntarctica14.Whatdoesparagraph5imply?A.Micrometeoritesarethebuildingblocksforlifeonearth.B.About100billionparticlesofcosmicdustarecollectedeveryyear.C.Cosmicdustisabridgewhichconnectsustothewideruniverse.D.Scientistscanknowmoreabouttheouterspacethroughcosmicdust.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCosmicDust:SittingonYourRoof B.Antarctica:TheHometoCosmicDustC.OldCathedrals:UndisturbedSpotforCosmicDust D.Micrometeorites:ParticlesfromOuterSpace【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了宇宙塵埃來源以及科學(xué)家通過屋頂上的塵埃來研究太空塵埃顆粒的原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微隕石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.(這些來自外太空的微小顆粒是微隕石——主要是彗星和小行星的碎片——它們遍布我們的星球)”可知，C選項(xiàng)“并非所有微小的宇宙塵埃都來自彗星和小行星”正確。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.(從南極洲收集灰塵的缺點(diǎn)是旅行的成本和復(fù)雜性)”以及第四段“Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.(她專注于這些屋頂，因?yàn)樗鼈儽痊F(xiàn)代建筑更古老，更原始。更重要的是，像大教堂這樣的歷史建筑通常有保存完好的記錄，表明何時(shí)進(jìn)行了維護(hù)和清潔)”可知，B選項(xiàng)不是研究屋頂?shù)脑颉９蔬xB?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.(因此，宇宙塵?？梢愿嬖V科學(xué)家這些天體和地球之間復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。它就像一座橋梁，將我們與更廣闊的宇宙連接起來)”可知，第5段暗示了科學(xué)家可以通過宇宙塵埃更多地了解外太空。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.(從南極洲收集灰塵的缺點(diǎn)是旅行的成本和復(fù)雜性。這就是為什么英國肯特大學(xué)的PennyWozniakiewicz把她的研究重點(diǎn)放在離家更近的地方。關(guān)鍵是要從一個(gè)相當(dāng)不受干擾的地方收集材料。例如，她在英國舊教堂的屋頂上取樣)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了宇宙塵埃的來源以及科學(xué)家通過屋頂上的塵埃來研究太空塵埃顆粒的原因?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“宇宙塵埃：落在你的屋頂上”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoProtectYourEyesWhenUsingaputerExpertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.____16____Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.Repositionreferencematerials.____17____Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.Blinkeverysooften.Wenaturallyblinkabout20timeseveryminute,butwhenfocusingonascreenthiscandropbyasmuchashalf.Thismeansyoureyesareatmuchgreaterriskofdryingoutwhenworkingontheputer.You’llhavetobeconsciousofthisandforceyourselftoblink.Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.____18____Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.Adjustyourscreenlighting.Yourscreenshouldbeilluminatedinrelationtoyourenvironment.Ifyou’reworkinginabrightlylitroom,youcanincreaseyourbrightnesssettings;iftheroomisdim,lowerthesettings.Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.____19________20____Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.A.Fortunately,thereisstillawayout.B.Pausewithputervisionsyndrome.C.Haveabreakwheneyestrainhappens.D.Improperpositionofmaterialscancausedisfort.E.Ifyoufindthistoodistracting,trytakingbreaks.F.Duringthistime,youshouldblinkorcloseyoureyes.G.Anyway,youreyesoftentellyouwhatyoushoulddo.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了使用電腦時(shí)保護(hù)眼睛的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Expertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.(專家一致認(rèn)為，長時(shí)間坐在電腦前可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞。雖然眼睛疲勞通常是無害的，但它會(huì)導(dǎo)致令人煩惱的癥狀，比如眼睛干澀、流淚、對(duì)光敏感、脖子或肩膀疼痛)”以及后文“Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.(研究表明，做一些簡單的改變可能有助于預(yù)防眼睛疲勞)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出有辦法可以緩解眼睛疲勞的問題。故A選項(xiàng)“幸運(yùn)的是，還有一條出路”符合語境，故選A。【17題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Repositionreferencematerials.(重新給材料放位置)”以及后文“Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.(如果它們太低或太高，你的眼睛在每次看它們時(shí)都必須重新聚焦，導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞。實(shí)際上，參考資料應(yīng)該放在鍵盤的上方和電腦顯示器的下方。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，用一個(gè)文件柜或一本書來支撐幾英寸的材料，幫助你的眼睛休息)”可知，本段的主旨是關(guān)于材料放置位置的建議，故D選項(xiàng)“材料放置位置不當(dāng)會(huì)引起不適”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.(故意每五秒眨眼一次)”以及后文“Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.(每隔20分鐘，把視線從屏幕上移開20秒)”可知，本句是在說明上文方法的具體運(yùn)用。E選項(xiàng)中this指代上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.”。故E選項(xiàng)“如果你覺得這太讓人分心，試著休息一下”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.(如果你的眼睛感到緊張，試著根據(jù)你的工作環(huán)境調(diào)整你的亮度設(shè)置)”可知，本段為本段最后一句，故承接上文，說明應(yīng)該按照眼睛的狀況進(jìn)行亮度調(diào)整。故G選項(xiàng)“不管怎樣，你的眼睛經(jīng)常告訴你應(yīng)該做什么”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.(眼科醫(yī)生用這個(gè)詞來描述長時(shí)間使用電腦的不良影響。這些癥狀不是永久性的，離開電腦幾個(gè)小時(shí)后就會(huì)消失。然而，它們會(huì)引起嚴(yán)重的不適，如果忽視，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致永久性的眼部問題)”可知，后文提到了離開電腦癥狀就會(huì)消失，本句主要說明后文提到的術(shù)語thisterm，指的是B選項(xiàng)中putervisionsyndrome。故B選項(xiàng)“有電腦視覺綜合癥就暫停”符合語境，故選B。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenWhitemetthepitbullpuppyin2018,Darbywasyoung,playful,strongasanox.Then,inthesummerof2019,cameDarby’sdatewithdestiny.Whitewas___21___inNorthernCaledonia’sBodegaBay.HeleftDarby,thenayearoldand100pounds,intheparkedcarwithwindows___22___,whilehecasthislineafewyardsaway.Thefishweren’tbiting,Whiterecalled,until,___23___,theywere.Atfirst,Whitethoughthehadhookedastingray.Butashereeled(繞線)itin,he___24___itwasasevengillshark,about6feetlong.Notunmonbutstill___25___.Hebroughtitcloseandcarefullyunhookedit,expectingitto___26___.Itdidn’t.Thesharkbithisankle.“Allofasuddentherewas___27___everywhere,”saysWhite.Heyelledforhelp,hopingthefishermendownthe___28___couldhear.Buttheydidn’tseemtoknowwhatwasgoingon.Fortunately,Darbydid.Hejumpedoutofthecarandrantowardthewater.Heranrightuptothesharkand___29___histeethintoitsgills(魚鰓).“Thatjustmadethesharkbitedownharder,”Whitesays.Darby___30___,thenregroupedandattackedtheshark’stail.Theshark___31___itsgrip(緊抓),andWhitemanagedtopushitintoshallowwater,___32___itswamoff.“Thewholethingtooklessthanaminute,”Whitesays,“butitleftplentyof___33___.”Whitewasabletostopthebleedingandgettoahospital,wherehelearnedthatthewoundwasverysevere.Thatwouldhavebeentheendofit,hadDarby’sstorynotgoneviral(走紅).Whitewas___34___byNBCNewsandCNN.That’swhenthecountlesscashoffersstartedtoein.Butthebigdogwasnotfor___35___.21.A.swimming B.running C.driving D.fishing22.A.beneath B.off C.up D.down23.A.gradually B.suddenly C.definitely D.exceptionally24.A.remembered B.conveyed C.realized D.concluded25.A.dangerous B.marvelous C.vigorous D.courageous26.A.breakaway B.flashaway C.swimaway D.pullaway27.A.shock B.blood C.water D.shout28.A.beach B.road C.park D.b