人教版中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞三單式的構(gòu)成及用法

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞三單式的構(gòu)成及用法（附練習(xí)及答案）一、基本概念：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)英語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式（簡(jiǎn)稱三單式）。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：在動(dòng)詞后面加-s，加-s的方法跟名詞變復(fù)數(shù)相同。1．一般在詞尾加“-s”。如：make-makeshelp-helpsride-ridessee-sees，s在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s]，在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為/z/。如：help－stops/helps/;make－makes/me?ks/read－reads/ri:dz/;play－plays/ple?z/2．在s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加“-es”。如：pass-passesfix-fixeswash-washeswatch-watches，“es”讀/iz/如：wash-washes/w??iz/3．以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾時(shí)，變y為i，再加“-es”，如：carry-carriesstudy-studies4．以“元音字母＋y”結(jié)尾時(shí)，加“-s”如：play-playsstay-stays5．以“輔音字母＋o”結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)在詞尾加“-es”，讀[z]

如：如：do-does/d?z/,go-goes/g??z/6．be動(dòng)詞的單三式為is

7.have動(dòng)詞的單三式為has三、基本用法：1、當(dāng)he，she，it，以及具體某個(gè)人名或者事物名稱做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用三單式。如：HecomesheretostudyEnglish.Itlookslikeabird.UncleWangoftenhelpsothers.2、當(dāng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用三單式。Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisgoodforourhealth.Tofindthethiefisn`teasy.3、不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等以及指示代詞this,that充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)使用三單式。如：Everyoneishere.Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.Thisisanapple.4.不可數(shù)名詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用三單式。如：Themilkissour.Thebreadtastesverysweet.5、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用三單式。如：8isaluckynumber.DisthefourthletterinEnglish.6、時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度等表示一個(gè)整體概念的短語(yǔ)或者是一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用三單式。20minutesisenough.Whatheneedsismoney.Youdidn`tfinishyourhomeworkontimemakesyourteacherangry.7.含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子變疑問(wèn)句或者否定句時(shí)，要用does或doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形。如：ShewatchesCCTVNEWSeveryday.(改成疑問(wèn)句)→DoesshewatchCCTVNEWSeveryday?Helikesplayinggames.(改成否定句)→Hedoesn`tlikeplayinggames.8.對(duì)含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子提問(wèn)時(shí)，要用助動(dòng)詞does，如：Shegoestoschoolat7:30everyday.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))→Whattimedoesshegotoschooleveryday?練習(xí):一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)read_____study_____have_____pass_____carry_____drink_____go_____come____say____do______teach______stay_____make____watch____plant_____fly_____brush_____fixsit_____finish_____play_____talk____smoke_____hit_____二、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.It________(take)meanhourtofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.2.--Howmanyworkersdoyouwant?--Ithink20workers________(be)enough.3.Thisnewexpressway________(be)about1000kilometers.4.There________(be)somegoodnewsonthenewspaper.5.TomandJane________(have)passedtheexam.6.10,000years________(be)toolongbutseizethehours.7.Shealways________(help)me.8.Tim________(have)anewmobilephone.9.What________(do)itlooklike?10.Taiwan________（belong）toChina.11.Ourgovernment________(be)activelyrespondingtothesuddenfloodpeak.12.Theboss________(seem)tothinkhighlyofher.13.People________(be)worriedabouttheoutbreakofWorldWarIII14.Children'seducation________(have)alottodowiththeirparents'goingouttowork.15.EitheryouorI________(be)wrong.參考答案：一、read-readsstudy-studieshave-haspass-passescarry-carriesdrink-drinksgo-goescome-comessay-saysdo-doesteach-teachesstay-staysmake-makeswatch-watchesplant-plantsfly-fliesbrush-brushesfix-fixessit-sitsfinish-finishesplay-playstalk-talks