串講02短語（名詞短語形容詞短語和副詞短語）及必刷題

串講02短語（名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語）及必刷題序號(hào)內(nèi)容Partone認(rèn)識(shí)名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語Parttwo名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語的句法功能Partthree基礎(chǔ)必刷60題Partfour綜合必刷30題Partone認(rèn)識(shí)名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語一、名詞短語(NP)定義：名詞短語是指由幾個(gè)名詞或名詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。它是英語句子的核心成分。1．常見名詞短語的構(gòu)成形式有：(1)限定詞＋名詞如：thegirl(2)限定詞＋形容詞(短語)＋名詞如：abeautifulgirl(3)限定詞＋名詞＋介詞短語如：abeautifulcampusofmyschool(4)限定詞＋描述性名詞＋名詞如：myschoollife二、形容詞短語形容詞短語，是指一個(gè)以形容詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語，在句子中的功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，可以修飾名詞或代詞，還可以用作表語或者賓語補(bǔ)足語。1．常見形容詞短語的構(gòu)成形式有：(1)副詞＋形容詞如：verysuitable(2)形容詞＋enough如：goodenough(3)形容詞＋介詞短語如：goodfornothing(4)副詞＋形容詞＋介詞如：wellworthyofpraise三、副詞短語以副詞為中心詞的短語是副詞短語。副詞短語的結(jié)合方式是：修飾語＋副詞，有時(shí)中心詞之后還帶有后置修飾語或補(bǔ)足成分。如：verycarefully，prettysoon，farfromthestation等。Parttwo名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語的句法功能一、名詞短語的句法功能：(1)作主語Theinterestingtitleofthearticleattractedalotofreaders.這篇文章有趣的標(biāo)題吸引了很多讀者。[溫馨提示]名詞短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與名詞短語中的中心詞保持一致。Anumberofbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofbooksisnotlarge.(2)作表語Howtofightagainstsuchadiseaseisahottopictoday.怎樣與那種疾病作斗爭是今天的熱點(diǎn)話題。(3)作賓語Sheboughthermothersomeflowers.她給母親買了一些花。(4)作賓補(bǔ)Peopleconsideredhimthebettermanforthework.人們認(rèn)為他比較適合干這項(xiàng)工作。二、形容詞短語可有如下句法功能：(1)作定語，修飾名詞或代詞等Thisisamostseriousproblem.這是一個(gè)極其嚴(yán)重的問題。(2)作表語HeisinterestedinwatchingTV.他對看電視感興趣。(3)作賓語，英語中“the＋形容詞”可以作為名詞使用，擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞的賓語，表示具有該形容詞的特征、性質(zhì)或者狀態(tài)的人、事或物。Weshouldrespecttheold.我們應(yīng)該尊敬老年人。(4)作賓補(bǔ)Ifoundthenewfilmveryinteresting.我發(fā)現(xiàn)新電影非常有趣。三、副詞短語在句子中常常作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。Heisillextremelyseriouslywithabadcancer.他患了嚴(yán)重的癌癥，病情極為嚴(yán)重。HestudiesEnglishmostslowlyofthethree.三個(gè)人中，他學(xué)英語學(xué)得最慢。Partthree基礎(chǔ)必刷100題一、請找出形容詞短語（AdjectivePhrase），并在下面畫出橫線。Heacquiredanincrediblydeepunderstandingoflifeduringhisteenageyears.Theusuallycrowdedschoolcorridorswerequietduringthesummervacation.Hisbedroomisanalwaysmessyspace.Mybestfriendhasanamazinglycreativemind.Sheisabsolutelycertainofgettingintoagoodcollege.【答案】1.Heacquiredanincrediblydeepunderstandingoflifeduringhisteenageyears.2.Theusuallycrowdedschoolcorridorswerequietduringthesummervacation.3.Hisbedroomisanalwaysmessyspace.4.Mybestfriendhasanamazinglycreativemind.5.Sheisabsolutelycertainofgettingintoagoodcollege.二、請找出名詞短語（NounPhrase），并在下面畫出橫線。Shehasahappyteenagelifefilledwithfriendsandfun.Heisashyteenagerwhooftenblusheswhenspeakingtostrangers.Theyareactiveteenagerswholovetoparticipateinvariousafterschoolclubs.Heisdrivinganewcarandfeelingveryproudofhimself.MyfavoritecolorisblueandIlovewearingitineveryseason.【答案】1.Shehasahappyteenagelifefilledwithfriendsandfun.2.Heisashyteenagerwhooftenblusheswhenspeakingtostrangers.3.Theyareactiveteenagerswholovetoparticipateinvariousafterschoolclubs.4.Heisdrivinganewcarandfeelingveryproudofhimself.5.MyfavoritecolorisblueandIlovewearingitineveryseason.三、請找出副詞短語（AdverbPhrase），并在下面畫出橫線。Sheoftenveryquicklyfinishesherhomeworktohavemoretimeforherhobbies.Hecouldplaytheguitarquitebeautifully.Duringsummervacation,theysometimeslazilyspendtheentiredayjustwatchingTV.Shehasbeenstudyingextremelyhardtogetgoodgradesonhertests.Teenagersnowadaysusetheirphonesincrediblyfrequently.【答案】1.Sheoftenveryquicklyfinishesherhomeworktohavemoretimeforherhobbies.2.Hecouldplaytheguitarquitebeautifully.3.Duringsummervacation,theysometimeslazilyspendtheentiredayjustwatchingTV.4.Shehasbeenstudyingextremelyhardtogetgoodgradesonhertests.5.Teenagersnowadaysusetheirphonesincrediblyfrequently.四、寫出畫線處的短語類型1．Wehaveamuchbetterlifenow.2．Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.3．Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.4．Interestedintheirwork,shepickedupapairofscissors.5．Eagertoimprovefarmingconditions,theytriedoutthisnewcroponalargearea.6．Thefestivalisoneofthefourlargesticeandsnowfestivalsintheworld!7．Nowadaysyoungpeopleneverwillinglylettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsortraditionalrules.8．ItisobviousthatthewidespreadandrecognitionofWesternholidaysisharmfultoourtraditionalvalue.9．Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.10．Hecanfinishthatmuchquicker.【答案】1．名詞短語2．副詞短語3．副詞短語4．形容詞短語5．形容詞短語6．名詞短語7．副詞短語8．名詞短語9．形容詞短語10．副詞短語五、寫出下列句子中劃線部分判斷其是的名詞短語、形容詞短語或副詞短語,并寫出其句法功能。1.Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.2．MrSmithisamanwithbadmanners.3．Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.4．Herunsextremelyfast.5．Theboyistooyoungtounderstandclearlyenoughwhathismotherhassaid.6．Theboyenteredashoestorewhichwasbigandtidyandboughtapairofshoes.7．Thelittlegirlisstaringathermother,nervousandfrightened.8．Thesebooksforchildrenaremuchtooeasyforadultstoread.9.Thefestivalisoneofthefourlargesticeandsnowfestivalsintheworld!10．ThetallestboyinourclassisLiLei.11．ShestudiesEnglishveryhard.12．Tomcarefullywrotesomeletterstohisfriends.13．Hewilltraveltoabeautifulcitynextmonth.14．Theexamwassurprisinglyeasy.15．Helookedveryworried.16．Cornisausefulplantthatcanbeeatenbybothhumansandanimals.17．John,anoldfriendofmine，esfromAmerica.【答案】1.形容詞短語2．a(chǎn)manwithbadmanners為名詞短語作表語3．quicklyandcorrectly為副詞短語作狀語4．extremelyfast為副詞短語作狀語5．tooyoung為形容詞短語作表語clearlyenough為副詞短語作狀語6．a(chǎn)shoestore為名詞短語作賓語bigandtidy為形容詞短語作表語apairofshoes為名詞短語作賓語7．Thelittlegirl為名詞短語作主語nervousandfrightened為形容詞短語作狀語8．Thesebooksforchildren為名詞短語作主語muchtooeasy為形容詞短語作表語9.名詞短語作賓語10．名詞短語;主語11．副詞短語;狀語12．名詞短語;賓語13．名詞短語;賓語14．形容詞短語;表語15．形容詞短語;表語16．名詞短語;表語17．名詞短語;同位語六、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式修飾畫線部分，并指出短語的詞性。1．Hearingthenews,Iaswellasmyclassmatesworeanexpression.(annoy)2．Janefeltanxiouswhenitwasbeginningtorain.(real)3．Asadoctor,heisresponsibleforhispatients.(very)4．I’mhungry.Iwantabigpieceofbreadtoeat.(terrible)5．IhavebeenlivinginthecityforovertenyearssoI’mfamiliarwithit.(quite)6．Whenhewasateenager,anaccidentnearlytookhislife.(car)7．Thankstotheirwork,thenewbridgehasbeenpleted.(hard)8．Weplannedtoinviteanexperttotrainthesenewworkers.(famous)9．Herushedoutofthedoorquicklyanddisappearedinthedarkness.(so)10．Withthesemachines,wefinishedtheworkaheadofschedule.(modern,advanced)【答案】1．theannoyingnews(NP);anannoyedexpression(NP)2．reallyanxious(AdjP)3．veryresponsible(AdjP)4．terriblyhungry(AdjP)5．quitefamiliar(AdjP)6．a(chǎn)caraccident(NP)7．hardwork(NP)8．a(chǎn)famousexpert(NP)9．soquickly(AdvP)10．modernandadvancedmachines(NP)六.寫出下列加黑短語的構(gòu)成形式及在句中所作成分1.

Thetallestboy

inourclassisLiLei．2.ShestudiesEnglish

veryhard．3.Tomcarefullywrote

someletters

tohisfriends．4.I’dliketogoto

coffeeshop

thisweekend．5.

Surprisinglyenough,

herefusedouroffer．【答案】1.

限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞；作主語2.副詞＋副詞；作狀語3.形容詞＋名詞；作賓語4.名詞＋名詞；作賓語5.副詞＋副詞；作狀語七.寫出下列短文中加黑的短語屬于名詞短語、形容詞短語還是副詞短語，并寫出其所作的成分InCanada，volunteeringis1.extremelymonamongpeopleofallages.Theybelievethatbeinghelpfulis2.oneofthemostimportantqualitiestohave.Therearemanyformsof3.voluntaryworkandopportunitiestohelpareeverywhere，includingschoolsorpeople’sgardens.I’mvolunteeringforanorganizationtoassist4.theteachersthere.I’minchargeofapreschoolclass，wherestudentsare5.verylovely.WhenIfirststarted，Iwas6.quitenervousasI’dneverworkedwithlittlekidsbefore.Astimewenton，Ibecamemorefamiliarwiththem.Oneteacheraskedmetohelp7.theyoungestgirlintheclassdrawapicturebasedontheword“grateful”．AsIwasdrawingandtalkingwithher，Igraduallyfelt8.warmandpeaceful，andIrealizeditwasnotthatdifficulttoworkwithchildren.Whentheclasswasover，Ifeltreallyexcitedandeven9.abitproudofwhatIhaddone.Volunteeringgivesusnotonlyanopportunitytochangesomeone’slifebutalsothesatisfactionofhelpingothers.Itisalsoagreatwaytodevelopsocialskillsandvaluableexperienceforourfuture.Forexample，Ihavelearnedtospeaktoothers10.morekindlyandclearly.答案1.形容詞短語；作表語2.名詞短語；作表語3.名詞短語；作賓語4.名詞短語；作賓語5.形容詞短語；作表語6.形容詞短語；作表語7.名詞短語；作賓語8.形容詞短語；作表語9.形容詞短語；作表語10.副詞短語；作狀語八、完成句子。1.這個(gè)畢業(yè)生將成為一名好教師。_________________________________2.不要難過，一切都會(huì)好的。_________________________________3.出席會(huì)議的人被帶到城里各處參觀。_________________________________4.珍妮對待事情總是太認(rèn)真，這讓我們很困惑。_________________________________5.我們很幸運(yùn)地找到了一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。_________________________________6.我喜歡花園里這些漂亮的花?！鶬love_________________________________.

7.我的話讓他高興得像個(gè)孩子?！鶰ywordsmadehim_________________________________.

8.看樹上那只漂亮的鳥?！鶯ookat_________________________________.

9.他說話聲音很大。→He's_________________________________.

10.他們買了一套帶有花園的又大又寬的房子。→Theybought_________________________________.

【答案】1．Thegraduatewillmakeagoodteacher.2．Don’tfeelbad.Everythingwillbeallright.3．Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingwereshownaroundthecity.4．Jennyalwaystakesthingstooseriously，whichmakesusconfused.5．Wewerefortunateenoughtofindasolutiontothequestion.6.thesebeautifulflowersinthegarden7.happylikeachild8.thebeautifulbirdinthetree9.speakingveryloud10.abigwidehousewithagardenPartfour綜合必刷30題Passage01Shanghaihasaddedanother162parksthisyear,bringing1totalto832andmakingabigsteptowards2(it)goalof“acityintheparks”.Ofthe832parks,265arepocketparksthatprovidesmalloutdoorplaces3(cover)anareaofbetween400to10,000m2forthepublic.ParksinShanghaiarenotjustplacestorelaxortakeawalk.4(actual),theyhavebee“ecologicalparlors(客廳)”ofthecity,in5peoplecanenjoyvariousactivities.Forexample,oneoftheparks6(feature)artandculturalelementstoenrichthevisitorexperience.Atpresent,around200activitieshavebeenscheduledfortheseparks.Shanghaiisalsodevelopinganumberofparkswith7(diverse)functionsthanthepresentones.HepingParkinHongkouDistrictisgoingtointroduceabookstorewitha8(collect)ofmorethan1,500journals.whileLujiazuiCentralGreenlandinthePudongNewAreawillhostcoffeethemedactivitiessuchascoffeeculturefestivals.Apopupcafe.CoffeeCube,istostarttrialoperationintheparknextmonth.Ofcourse,parkshavealsobeesportsandfitnessvenues(場地),andnearly300parksinurbanareashavebeenequipped9fitnessandsportsfacilities(設(shè)施).XujiahuiParkinXuhuiDistricthasconstructedabasketballcourt,afitnesstrackandatabletennisvenue,andGongqingForestParkandBinjiangForestParkhaveintroducedactivitiessuchasfishingandwalking10(raise)healthawarenessamongthepublic.【答案】1．the2．its3．covering4．Actually5．which6．features7．morediverse8．collection9．with10．toraise【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹的是上海在創(chuàng)建“花園城市”活動(dòng)中取得的最新進(jìn)展。1．考查冠詞。句意：上海今年又增加了162個(gè)公園，使總數(shù)達(dá)到832個(gè)，向“公園之城”的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)了一大步。根據(jù)上文中的“Shanghaihasaddedanother162parksthisyear”可知，上海又增加162個(gè)公園，由此可知，此處的total特指當(dāng)前的總數(shù)，所以使用定冠詞the。故填the。2．考查代詞。句意：上海今年又增加了162個(gè)公園，使總數(shù)達(dá)到832個(gè)，向“公園之城”的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)了一大步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空后為名詞作賓語，所以此處應(yīng)為形容詞性物主代詞，it的形容詞性物主代詞應(yīng)為its。故填its。3．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在832個(gè)公園中，有265個(gè)是袖珍公園，為公眾提供面積在400至10,000平方米之間的小型戶外場所。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語修飾名詞places，cover與places之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填covering。4．考查副詞。句意：實(shí)際上，它們已經(jīng)成為城市的“生態(tài)客廳”，人們可以在其中享受各種活動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為副詞作狀語修飾整個(gè)句子，actual的副詞應(yīng)為actually意為“實(shí)際上”，且位于句首，所以首字母需大寫。故填A(yù)ctually。5．考查定語從句。句意：實(shí)際上，它們已經(jīng)成為城市的“生態(tài)客廳”，人們可以在其中享受各種活動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，此空在句子中作介詞in的賓語，先行詞“ecologicalparlors”指的是事物，所以使用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。6．考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：例如，其中一個(gè)公園以藝術(shù)和文化元素為特色，豐富游客的體驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此處描述的是該公園具有的特征，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，feature與主語one之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填features。7．考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：上海還在開發(fā)一些比現(xiàn)有公園功能更多樣化的公園。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為形容詞作定語修飾functions，根據(jù)空后的than可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞的比較級(jí)，diverse的比較級(jí)形式為morediverse意為“更多樣化的”符合句意。故填morediverse。8．考查名詞。句意：虹口區(qū)和平公園將引進(jìn)一家擁有1500多種期刊的書店。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前有不定冠詞a，所以此處應(yīng)為名詞作量詞，collect的名詞為collection，且空前有不定冠詞a，所以此處使用名詞單數(shù)形式。故填collection。9．考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)然，公園也成為了運(yùn)動(dòng)健身的場所，城市地區(qū)有近300個(gè)公園配備了健身運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為固定短語beequippedwith意為“裝備有……”符合句意。故填with。10．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：徐匯區(qū)徐家匯公園建設(shè)了籃球場、健身跑道和乒乓球場地，共青森林公園和濱江森林公園引入了釣魚、散步等活動(dòng)，以提高公眾的健康意識(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示的是目的，所以使用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。故填toraise。Passage02Inthepastyear,Ihadanunforgettableexperienceoflearningtaichi.Honestlyspeaking,IadmittedthatI11(feel)hesitantatfirstbutwithtimepassingby,itreallyhadahugeeffectonme12(physical)andmentally.NotonlywereIdeeplyimpressedbythemovesthatcaughtmyimagination,suchas“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg”,butalsoI13(inspire)toexploreChineseculture.Itisallaboutkeepingabalancebetweenyinandyang,14arebelievedtoformtheunityofopposites.Thepracticeoftaichiaims15(maintain)thebalanceofourbodythroughopposite16(movement):upanddown,leftandright,forwardsandbackwards,breathinginandbreathingout.Byperformingtheroutine,taichieventuallybrings17astateofphysicalandmentalpeace.Nowonderitisabestwaytorelaxyourmindandbody.Ialsoexperiencedashortperiodoftirednessandboredom.Thankstothepatientguidanceofprofessionalcoach,Igraduallyfoundtomy18(satisfy)thatIcouldfocusonpeaceofmindandsleepbetter,19(enable)metostaycoolunderpressure.IamsureIwillcontinuetopracticetaichiandenjoy20benefitsithasbroughtme.【答案】11．felt12．physically13．wasinspired14．which15．tomaintain16．movements17．a(chǎn)bout18．satisfaction19．enabling20．the【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者學(xué)習(xí)太極拳的經(jīng)歷以及好處。11．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：老實(shí)說，我承認(rèn)一開始我很猶豫，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，這對我的身心都產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。設(shè)空處在賓語從句中作謂語，根據(jù)主句謂語admitted以及句意可知，本句為一般過去時(shí)。故填felt。12．考查副詞。句意：老實(shí)說，我承認(rèn)一開始我很猶豫，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，這對我的身心都產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。副詞作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞。故填physically。13．考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：我不僅被“白鶴展翅”、“金雞單腿站立”等打動(dòng)了我的想象力，也激發(fā)了我對中國文化的探索。主語I與謂語inspire之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填wasinspired。14．考查定語從句。句意：這一切都是為了保持陰陽之間的平衡，陰陽被認(rèn)為是對立的統(tǒng)一。先行詞為yinandyang，設(shè)空處指代先行詞，在非限制性定語從句中作主語，填關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。15．考查不定式。句意：練習(xí)太極的目的是通過相反的動(dòng)作來保持我們身體的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸氣和呼氣。aimtodosth目標(biāo)是做某事。故填tomaintain。16．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：練習(xí)太極的目的是通過相反的動(dòng)作來保持我們身體的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸氣和呼氣。根據(jù)“upanddown,leftandright,forwardsandbackwards”可知，表示多個(gè)動(dòng)作，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填movements。17．考查介詞。句意：通過練習(xí)，太極最終帶來了一種身心平靜的狀態(tài)。bringabout“產(chǎn)生”符合句意。故填about。18．考查名詞。句意：在專業(yè)教練的耐心指導(dǎo)下，我逐漸滿意地發(fā)現(xiàn)，我可以更好地專注于平靜的心態(tài)和睡眠，讓我在壓力下保持冷靜。設(shè)空處作賓語，填名詞satisfaction“滿意”，不可數(shù)；toone’ssatisfaction意為“令某人滿意的是”。故填satisfaction。19．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在專業(yè)教練的耐心指導(dǎo)下，我逐漸滿意地發(fā)現(xiàn)，我可以更好地專注于平靜的心態(tài)和睡眠，讓我在壓力下保持冷靜。空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，上文陳述的內(nèi)容與動(dòng)詞enable之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填enabling。20．考查冠詞。句意：我相信我會(huì)繼續(xù)練習(xí)太極，享受它給我?guī)淼暮锰帯Ｌ刂柑珮O所帶來的好處，用定冠詞the。故填the。Passage03Facialsurgery(手術(shù))isaseriousbusiness,especiallyonchildren21arenotyetfullygrownbutMelbourneresearchersaredevelopingatechniquethatcouldchangethefaceofchildren’ssurgery.Thisnew22(develop)willallowdoctorstoworkoutachild’snormalfaceshapeatdifferentagestopredict(預(yù)測)futuregrowth.ResearchersattheMurdochChildren’sResearchInstitute(MCRI)couldsoonreplacetherulercurrently23(use)totrackchangesinachild’sheadandfacewith3Dimages.By24(improve)theabilitytopredictnormalgrowthandfuturechangesinachild’sface,doctorswillbeableto25(well)pletetheirsurgerythanbefore.MCRI’sMrHaroldMatthewssaidcurrent26(method),includingusingpatients’photographsandXrayswereslow.Together27researchersinBelgium,MrMatthewsispioneeringanewtoolthatprovidesaverages(平均值)fornormalgrowthofthefacethroughoutchildhood.Theprojectint