湖北省長沙市麓山國際實驗學校2025屆高三英語上學期第一次模擬試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25湖北省長沙市麓山國際試驗學校2025屆高三英語上學期第一次模擬試題（含解析）留意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮檫干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在打題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanplanningtodo?A.Makesomecheese.B.Goonatrip.C.FindajobinParis.2.Whatisthetimenow?A.8o’clock.B.10o’clock.C.12o’clock.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Alocalartist.B.Theman’ssalary.C.Anapartmenttolet.4.HowdoesDr.Heathspendmostofhistime?A.Givinglectures.B.Conductingresearch.C.Doingofficework,5.WhydoesElainecallPeter?A.Toborrowhisnotes.B.Toexplainherabsence.C.Todiscussthepresentation.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位罝。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisJuliadoing?A.Askingaboutherorder.B.Reportingacomputerproblem.C.Confirmingavisittoacompany.7Whenwillthechairsarrivetoday?A.Atabout10am.B.Around12noon.C.By4pm.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Coursedesign.B.Courseregistration.C.Courseevaluation.9.Whatcoursedidthewomanchoose?A.InternationalTrade.B.ModemHistoryC.Chemistry.10.WhatwillJackdototakemathematics?A.Wattforanopening.B.Applytothedepartment.C.SpeaktoProfessorAnderson.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inacanteen.C.Inanoffice.12.Whatbothersthewoman?A.Hercomputerisdown.B.Herpaperismissing.C.Herhandisaching.13.Whenisthewoman'sreportdue?A.Wednesday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writingabook.B.Preparingalecture.C.Searchingforreferences,15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.MakehistopicmorespecificB.GetacompletereadinglistC.Readatleastsixbooks.16.Whatistheroangoingtofocuson?A.Hollywoodinthe1920s,B.20th-centuryHollywoodmovies.C.GoldenAgeHollywoodcomedies.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.StudentandteacherB.Readerandlibrarian.C.Customerandshopassistant.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題，18.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeinhighplacesthisevening?A.There’llbeshowers,B.There’llbeheavymist.C.There’llbestrongwinds.19-Howwillthedaystartincoastalareastomorrow?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.20.Whencanholidaymakersexpectgoodweather?A.ThisweekendB.Endofthismonth.C.Nextmonth.其次部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACOURTESYPAULBOZYMOWSKI-ThreeNewYorkCitypoliceofficerspaidforawoman’sgroceriesratherthanarrestingher.Astemperaturesapproached90degreesinNewYorkCitylastJuly4th,threepoliceofficersduckedintoaWholeFoodsMarkettogetsomethingcoldtodrink.Whattheywalkedintowasaheatedhumandrama.Onceinside,thecops,Lt.LouisSojoandOfficersEsanidyCuevasandMichaelRivera,wereapproachedbyastoresecurityguardwhoaskedforhelpwithasuspectedshoplifter.Thewomaninquestiondidn’thavethelookofacareercriminal.Shewasobviouslyscared,andhercheekswerewetwithtears.Thecopspeekedinsideherbag.“Allwesawwascontainersoffood.”CuevastoldCBSNewYork."I’mhungry,"sheexplainedquietly.Caughtred-handed,thewomannodoubtexpectedtobesentencedtojailforthecrimeofbeinghungrywhilepoor.Butthecopshadotherideas.“We’llpayforherfood,”Sojotoldthesurprisedsecurityguard.There’dbeennodiscussionamongthethreemen.Itwentunsaid.Instead,theypickedupthewoman’sbagandaccompaniedhertoacashregister,whereeachtookout$10topaythetab.Shewouldnotbearrestedtoday.Allthewomancoulddowasweepingratitude.Coveringherfacewithakerchiefanddryinghereyes,sherepeated,“Thankyou,thankyou.”Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactofmercy.“Itwasaverybeautiful,genuinemoment,”saysPaulBozymowski,whowasatthestore.Hewassotakenbywhathe’dwitnessedthathepostedaphotoonTwitterforalltosee.Butattentionwasneverwhattheofficerssought.Theyweredrivenbyafarmorecommonemotion.AsSojotoldCNN,“Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis.”1.Whatcanbelearntaboutthewomanfromthepassage?A.Shehadstolenintheshopseveraltimesbefore.B.Shewascaughtonthespotbythreepoliceofficers.C.Shewasfoundinnocentandwouldnotbearrested.D.Shewasforcedtocommitthecrimeduetothedilemmaoflife.2.PaulBozymowskipostedaphotoonTwitterto.A.appealforsympathyforthepeopleinneed B.expresshisgratitudetothepoliceofficersC.showmorepeoplethecops’actofkindness D.recordtheunforgettablemomentinhislife3.Whatdrovethethreepoliceofficerstopayforthewoman?A.Theirgreatdevotiontowork B.AdeepsenseofbeinghumanC.Theattractionofthepublicattention D.Theirdifferentattitudetowardsshoplifting【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講解并描述紐約市的三位警察非但沒有逮捕一名偷東西的婦女反而為她買單的新聞?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章"I’mhungry,"sheexplainedquietly（“我餓了，”她安靜地說明道）以及最終一段Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis（當你看著一個人的臉，發(fā)覺他們須要你，而且他們真的很餓，作為一個人很難從這樣的事情中走開）可知，這位女士是因為肚子餓才不得已到超市偷東西的，是因為生活的不易才導致犯罪的。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactofmercy.“Itwasaverybeautiful,genuinemoment,”saysPaulBozymowski,whowasatthestore.Hewassotakenbywhathe’dwitnessedthathepostedaphotoonTwitterforalltosee（她不是唯一一個被這種慈愛行為感動的人?！澳鞘且粋€特別漂亮、真實的時刻，”在店里PaulBozymowski說。他被所見所聞深深吸引，并在推特上發(fā)布了一張照片供全部人觀看）可知，他被警察的和善感動了，并且他想讓更多的人知道警察的和善行為。選C項?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis（當你看著一個人的臉，發(fā)覺他們須要你，而且他們真的很餓，作為一個人很難從這樣的事情中走開）可知，警察們覺得，作為一個人很難做到見到須要幫助的人而不伸手幫助的。故選B項。BAfewyearsago,myhusbandCharlieandIhadmaritalproblems.Growingfamilyresponsibilitiesandfinancialworriestookatollonusandwebeganarguingfrequently,oftenlateintothenight.However,neitherofuscouldtakethestepthatwouldendoureleven-yearmarriageandbringheartbreaktoourthreeyoungchildren.Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.WhenIfeltwewerereachingsolidground,Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean“eternity(永恒)ring”.ItwasnotsomuchtheringIwanted;itwasthereassurance(保證)Ithoughtitwouldbring.Wewentshoppingonabeautifulsummerday.Wewalkedhandinhandalongarowofjeweler’sshops.FinallyIfoundaringIliked.Whilewaitingforittobeadjusted,thejewelertookmylefthandandglancedatmyengagementring.“MayIcleanitforyou?”heasked.“Itreallydoesn’tsparklelikeitusedto.”CharliesaidasIslippedtheringoffmyfinger.Afewminuteslaterthejewelerwasback.Theringshonelikenew!Onthedrivehome,Ididn’ttakemyeyesoffit.Iforgotallabouttheeternityring.Ijustcouldn’tbelievehowthisoldringsuddenlysparkledthewayithadthedayCharliegaveittome.Ihadtakenitforgrantedthesepastyears,butwithalittlepolishitcouldstillmakemyheartbeatfast.Andthat’sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.Iputmyhandontheseatbetweenusandspreadmyfingers.Charliecoveredmyhandwithhis.IfeltIwasluckytobeabletoseethesparkleinsomethinggoldwhenIthoughtIneededsomethingnew.4.Whydidtheauthorandherhusbanddecidetosolvetheproblems?A.Theywereafamouscouple. B.Theydidn’twanttodivorce.C.Theproblemswerenotserious. D.Theyhadexperienceindoingso.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph3probablymean?A.freeoftrouble B.arrivingatasquareC.wealthyandgenerous D.ingoodrelationship6.Whydidtheauthorforgetallabouttheeternityringontheirwaybackhome?A.Herhusbandkeptitforher. B.Theydidn’tactuallypayforit.C.Theoldring’slightattractedherattention. D.Thecoupleweretalkingallthewaymerrily.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Wetendtoprefernewobjectstooldones.B.Oneshouldremainthankfulforwhathehasgot.C.Marriageshouldbeconstantlypolished.D.Weshouldtrytorediscoverthetruevalueofoldobjects.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者和丈夫曾經(jīng)有過婚煙問題，但雙方均未想要離婚，而是努力解決雙方之間的問題。當作者提出和丈夫一起去買永恒戒指的時候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚煙也應當像戒指一樣常常除垢，讓它重新生氣勃勃?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.”，作者和丈夫仍舊相互愛對方，都不想結束他們的婚煙，不想使孩子們難過，所以他們確定要解決他們之間的問題。故B項正確?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.”可知，作者和丈夫解決了他們之間的問題，關系越來越融治。再依據(jù)畫線部分所在句子中的“Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean“eternity(永恒)ring””可推知，作者感覺她和丈夫的關系已經(jīng)很好了，他們已經(jīng)和好如初了。故D項正確?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第一句“Onthedrivehome,Ididn’ttakemyeyesoffit.”可知，作者在回家的路上眼睛始終盯著那枚結婚戒指，因為它經(jīng)過擦拭后重新放出了光線，如同丈夫剛給她的那天一樣。早已遺忘他們是要去買“永恒戒指”。故C項正確?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段前兩句“Andthat’sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.”可知，作者認為對待婚姻也應當像對待那枚戒指一樣，常常除垢，常常發(fā)覺婚姻生活中的閃光點，使婚姻保持簇新。故C項正確?！军c睛】本文小題2考查了詞義揣測題，由其次段最終一句可知“作者和丈夫解決了他們之間的問題。他們的關系已經(jīng)復原了”，可知該短語意為“ingoodrelationship”。本題主要運用上下文語境揣測參與。通過上下文的詳細信息揣測詞義是目前高考閱讀理解題中最常見的一種命題形式。

（2014重慶卷，A篇）59.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antics”referto?

A.Smartwords.B.Unusualactions.C.SurprisingLooks.D.Anxiousfeelings.

解析：B。由上文sherushedin,seizedthephone,toreoffthewires,andshoutedatthephone…Andshesweptitintothewastebasket.以及Shesteppedtothedoorwayandshoutedattherestofthehouse,“Nowhearthis!Allobjectsinthisroom—ifyoudoanythingtoupsetmyhusband,outyougo!”可知，作者的妻子聽到作者的吼叫聲后，做了一些怪異的事情，如將電話機扔進垃圾箱、對著屋子里的東西喊話等。而正是她的這些怪異的行為讓作者突然意識到了自己的失控。由上文這些信息可推知“antics”指的是Unusualactions。CItiswidelybelievedthatsmilingmeansapersonishappy，anditusuallyoccurswhenthey'remeetinganotherpersonoragroupofpeopleHowever，anewstudyledbythebodylanguageexpertDrHarryWitchelshowsthisisn'talwaysthecase.Inhisresearch，heasked44participantsaged18—35toplayageographyquizgameconsistingofninedifficultquestionssothattheyoftengottheanswerwrong.Participantsseatedinteractedwithacomputeraloneinaroomwhiletheirfaceswerevideorecorded.Afterthequiz，theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirexperienceusingarangeof12emotionsincluding“bored”，“interested”and“frustrated”.Meanwhile，theirfacialexpressionswerethencomputeranalysedframebyframeinordertojudgehowmuchtheyweresmilingbasedonascaleofbetween0to1.DrWitchelsaid：“Accordingtosomeresearchers，arealsmilereflectstheinnerstateofcheerfulnessoramusement.However，behaviouralecologytheorysuggeststhatallsmilesaretoolsusedinsocialinteractions，meaningcheerfulnessisneithernecessarynorrichforsmiling.Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman-computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness；itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主觀參與)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling，evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.”Surprisingly，participantsdidn'ttendtosmileduringtheperiodwhentheyweretryingtofigureouttheanswers.However，theydidsmilerightafterthecomputergameinformedthemiftheiranswerwascorrectorwrong.Participantssmiledmoreoftenwhentheygottheanswerwrong.DrWitchedadded：“Duringthesecomputerisedquizzes，smilingwasgreatlyincreasedjustafteransweringquestionsincorrectly.Thisbehaviourcouldbeexplainedbyself-ratingsofinvolvement，ratherthanbyratingsofhappinessorfrustration.”8.WhydidDrWitchelusedifficultquestionsinthequizgame?A.Tomakeithardforparticipantstoanswerthemcorrectly.B.Tomaketheanswerperiodlastaslongaspossible.C.Todiscoverthemostintelligentparticipants.D.Tocreateastressfulsituationforparticipantsdeliberately.9.WhatcanweinferfromwhatDrWitchelsaidinParagraph4?A.Otherresearchers'opinionofarealsmileisquiteright.B.Smilesaren'tnecessarilyusefultoolsinsocialinteractions.C.Subjectiveinvolvementdoesn'tmotivatesmilinginsocialinteractions.D.Witchel'sstudyfindingisconsistentwithbehaviouralecologytheory.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthetext?A.Participantswereaskedtointeractwitheachotherinthequiz.B.Participantsinthequizsmiledlessoftenwhentheygottheanswerwrong.C.InDrWitchel'sopinion，smilingisconnectedwithsubjectiveinvolvement.D.DrWitchelthinksthatarealsmilereflectstheinnerstateofcheerfulness.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatContributestoRealHappiness?B.HowtoIdentifyWhetheraPersonIsReallyHappy?C.SmilingDoesn'tNecessarilyMeanHappiness.D.PeopleGenerallyHoldaWrongViewonHappiness.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講解并描述了肢體語言專家Witchel博士通過試驗證明白了微笑并不意味著歡樂的觀點?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從題干關鍵詞“quizgame”，可以定位到文章其次段，依據(jù)其次段的第一句“Inhisresearch，heasked44participantsaged18—35toplayageographyquizgameconsistingofninedifficultquestionssothattheyoftengottheanswerwrong.（在他的探討中，他讓44名年齡在18-35歲之間的參與者玩一個由9道難題組成的地理問答嬉戲，這樣他們答案就會常常出錯。）”可知，Witchel博士在問答嬉戲中運用難題是為了使參與者很難正確回答。選項A意為“使得參與者們很難回答出正確答案?！?，與原文內(nèi)容符合。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段Witchel博士說的話可知，行為生態(tài)學理論認為，全部的微笑都是社會交往的工具，這意味微笑既不是必要的，也不是豐富的。我們的探討表明，在這種人機交互試驗中，微笑不是由歡樂驅動的，它與主觀參與有關，這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。由此可推斷，Witchel博士的探討結果和行為生態(tài)學家的理論是一樣的。選項D意為“Witchel博士的探討結果和行為生態(tài)學家的理論一樣”，與此相符。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第三句“Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman-computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness;itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主觀參與)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling,evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.（我們的探討表明，在這種人機交互試驗中，微笑不是由歡樂驅動的，它與主觀參與有關，這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。）”可知，在Witchel博士看來，微笑與主觀參與有關。選項C意為“在Witchel博士看來，微笑與主觀參與有關?！迸c此相符。故選C項。【11題詳解】標題歸納題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知，人們普遍認為微笑意味著一個人很歡樂，而且微笑通常發(fā)生在他們遇到另一個人或一群人時。然而，由肢體語言專家Witchel博士領導的一項新探討表明，狀況并非總是這樣。依據(jù)文章第四段可第三句“Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman-computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness;itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主觀參與)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling,evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.（我們的探討表明，在這種人機交互試驗中，微笑不是由歡樂驅動的，它與主觀參與有關，這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。）”可知，探討表明微笑僅僅是社交的須要，并不表明這個人肯定歡樂。選項C意為“微笑并不肯定意味著歡樂”，與文中的觀點相符。故選C項。DWhenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromrelativelywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”12.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.DCarmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.13.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB.comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments14.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A.Nigeria B.ColombiaC.Finland D.Indonesia15.BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A.Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB.Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC.Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD.Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇爭論文。文章主要講了當一名司機猛踩剎車以避開撞到非法穿越公路的行人時，她是在做一個道德上的確定，將風險從行人轉移到車內(nèi)的人。自動駕駛汽車可能很快就不得不做出這樣的道德的推斷了?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)題目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段講了這個survey，第三段揭示了探討結果：nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups，第四段alsoidentified…inacountry，通過nations，country可知試驗結果依據(jù)不同國家劃分，可見是文化差異differentcultures，故選B?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段onlinequiz可知A正確；B選項作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices，未提及比較；C選項依據(jù)第三段開頭analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups說明divided是探討結果得出的，而非conductthestudy運用的方法；D選項文章未提及experiment，research是通過analyzedtheseanswers得出的，故選A?！?4題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知依據(jù)這項探討，芬蘭的司機更有可能撞上非法穿越公路的行人，故選C。【15題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)人名定位到最終兩段，最終一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能會同意無人駕駛汽車引發(fā)的事故可能會受到更多關注，B正確；A選項倒數(shù)其次段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove；C選項最終一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C錯誤；D選項carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全沒有提及，故選B。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項.選項中有兩項為多余選項.Howlongdoesayearlast?_____16_____Butyourparentsmightsaythatawholeyearcanpass“intheblinkofaneye”.Whydoestimeseemtopassfasteraswegetolder?____17____Thisphysicalchangecausestherateatwhichwetakeinandprocessnewinformationtodecline.Babies,forexample,movetheireyesmuchmoreoftenthanadultsbecausethey’reprocessingimagesatafasterrate.Theytakeinalotofinformationanddomanythingsinasingleday.____18____However,aspeople’sbrainsdegradeovertime,fewerimagesareprocessedinthesameamountoftime.Therefore,olderpeoplereceivelessinformationduringadaythanyoungerpeople.Thiscausesthingstoseemasthoughthey’rehappeningmorequickly.____19____Peoplemaymeasuretimebythenumberofmemorableeventsthatcanberecalledwithinacertainperiod.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyourecallyourfirsts(firstdayofschool,firstfamilyvacation,firstbirthdayparty,etc.),theyseemtobeinslowmotion?That’sbecausewhensomethingisa“first”,therearemanyexcitingthingstoremember.Recallingthesememoriesmakesyoufeelliketheytookforever.Formanyadults,lifeisroutine.Whentheylookback,theymightfeelliketherearenotmanynovel(新穎 的)thingstoremember.____20____A.Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.B.Therefore,timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.C.Differentpeoplehavedifferentfeelingstowardtime.D.Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.E.Aswegrowolder,webecomelessinterestedinnewthings.F.Accordingtoscientists,ourbrainsdegradeandchangeovertime.G.Inadditionpeoplemayalso“feel”timedifferentlyduetopsychologicalreasons.【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.G20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹人們對時間的理解。隨著時間的推移，我們的大腦會退化和改變，在相同的時間內(nèi)處理的圖像會削減?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“一年有多長?”再依據(jù)下文提示“但是你的父母可能會說，一整年的時間‘一擠眼’就過去了?！背薪由舷挛?，A項Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.（孩子們可能會說，一年是永恒的。）切題。故選A。【17題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“這種生理改變導致我們汲取和處理新信息的速度下降?！背薪酉挛?，F(xiàn)項Accordingtoscientists,ourbrainsdegradeandchangeovertime.（科學家稱，隨著時間的推移，我們的大腦會退化和改變。）切題。故選F。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“他們在一天內(nèi)汲取了許多信息，做了許多事情。”再依據(jù)下文提示“然而，隨著時間的推移，人們的大腦會退化，在相同的時間內(nèi)處理的圖像會削減?！背薪由舷挛模珼項Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.（這讓他們覺得一天持續(xù)的時間很長。）切題。故選D?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“人們可以用在某段時間內(nèi)能夠回憶起的難忘事務的數(shù)量來衡量時間?！背薪酉挛?，G項Inaddition,peoplemayalso“feel”timedifferentlyduetopsychologicalreasons.（此外，由于心理緣由，人們對時間的“感覺”也可能不同。）切題。故選G。【20題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“當他們回顧過去的時候，他們可能會覺得沒有許多新穎 的事情值得去記住。”承接上文，B項Therefore,timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.（因此，時間對它們來說好像移動得更快。）切題。故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Atriptoabank'sATMmachineisusuallyacommonaffair.ButforJoseNunezRomaniz,his___21___onSundayisonethathewon't___22___fortherestofhislife.The19-year-oldcollegestudentwasmakinga___23___forMother'sDayonlinewhenhenoticedhisaccountbalance(存款余額)was___24___.Sohedrovetothenearestbanktodepositmoney.Littledidheknowthathewasabouttomakeanincredible___25___.Whenhearrived,Josenoticedaplasticbagonthegroundfilledwithcash,whichturnedouttobe$135,000."WhenIfirstsawit,Iwasvery___26___,notknowingwhattodo,"JosetoldtheNewYorkTimes.Aftertakingamomentto___27___himself,Josecalledthepolice.Andthepolicesoondiscoveredthatthemoneyhad___28___beenleftbehindbyaworker___29___withrefillingtheATM.Thinkingthatitisthebiggestamountofmoneyeverfoundand___30___inAlbuquerquehistory,themayorandthepolicechiefheldaceremonytohonorJose's___31___.And,perhapsbestofall,thepolicechiefinvitedJoseto___32___ajobasapublicserviceaidforthedepartment___33___hisgraduation.ForJose,itwasthebestgiftforMother'sDay."Mothercalledme___34___shealmoststartedcryingexcitedly...ShetoldmeIdidtherightthingandthatshewas___35___ofwhatIdid,"saidJose.21.A.plan B.experiment C.visit D.show22.A.enjoy B.forget C.imagine D.face23.A.purchase B.survey C.wish D.decision24.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low25.A.offer B.promise C.profit D.discovery26.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.satisfied27.A.teach B.disturb C.collect D.challenge28.A.carefully B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously29.A.continued B.charged C.armed D.tasked30.A.returned B.saved C.lost D.exchanged31.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.appreciation32.A.holdup B.adaptto C.waitfor D.applyfor33.A.although B.before C.after D.until34.A.or B.and C.so D.but35.A.proud B.considerate C.worthy D.sure【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。一名19歲的青年JoseNunezRomaniz打算在銀行存款時，無意中發(fā)覺了一個裝著許多現(xiàn)金的塑料袋，他沒有據(jù)為己有而是給警察打了電話?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但對于JoseNunezRomaniz來說，周日的銀行之行是他永生難忘的經(jīng)驗。A.plan安排；B.experiment試驗；C.visit探望，逗留；D.show展示。依據(jù)前文Atriptoabank's...可知，此處指的是Jose周日的銀行之行。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但對于JoseNunezRomaniz來說，周日的銀行之行是他永生難忘的經(jīng)驗。A.enjoy觀賞；B.forget遺忘；C.imagine想象；D.face面對。依據(jù)后文Jose存款時的經(jīng)驗可知，Jose在存錢時意外撿到了一大筆錢，所以這成了他恒久都不會遺忘的經(jīng)驗。故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位19歲的高校生正在網(wǎng)上為母親節(jié)購物，這時他留意到自己的賬戶余額不足。A.purchase購買；B.survey調查表；C.wish希望；D.decision確定。依據(jù)后文forMother'sDayonline可知Jose當時打算給媽媽買母親節(jié)禮物。makeapurchase表示“購物”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位19歲的高校生正在網(wǎng)上為母親節(jié)購物，這時他留意到自己的賬戶余額不足。A.full完全的；B.clear清晰的；C.inaccurate不精確的；D.low低的。依據(jù)后文Sohedrovetothenearestbanktodepositmoney.可知Jose因為賬戶余額不足（low），買不了禮物，所以才去存錢的。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他毫不知道他即將有一個驚人的發(fā)覺。A.offer提議；B.promise承諾；C.profit利潤；D.discovery發(fā)覺。依據(jù)下一段中Whenhearrived,Josenoticedaplasticbagonthegroundfilledwithcash可知Jose后來在銀行撿到了一大筆錢，所以此處指對他即將有一個驚人發(fā)覺，Jose之前毫不知情。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“當我第一次看到它時，我特別震驚，不知道該怎么辦，”Jose告知《紐約時報》。A.shocked震驚的；B.amused好玩的；C.excited激烈的；D.satisfied滿足的。依據(jù)后文notknowingwhattodo可知，Jose看到這么多錢后感到很驚訝。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jose冷靜了一會兒后，報了警。A.teach教學；B.disturb干擾；C.collect收集，使（自己）鎮(zhèn)靜；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)后文Josecalledthepolice可知，過了一會兒后，Jose安靜了下來。collect在此意為“使（自己）鎮(zhèn)靜；使（思想）集中”。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：警方很快發(fā)覺，這些錢是一名負責給自動取款機裝現(xiàn)金的工作人員不當心落下的。A.carefully細致地；B.accidentally一不當心，意外地；C.deliberately有意地；D.nervously驚慌地。依據(jù)前后文內(nèi)容可知，這么一大筆錢應當是一位工作人員不當心（accidentally）遺失在那里的。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：警方很快發(fā)覺，這些錢是一名負責給自動取款機裝現(xiàn)金的工作人員不當心落下的。A.continued接著；B.charged充電；C.armed武裝；D.tasked委派任務。結合后文withrefillingtheATM可知這位工作人員是被派去給自動取款機裝現(xiàn)金的時候，不當心落下了這筆錢。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：市長和警察局長認為這是阿爾伯克基歷史上發(fā)覺和歸還的最大數(shù)額的一筆錢，因此實行了一個儀式來表彰Jose的誠懇。A.